【内容摘要】为了培养小学生作文创新能力，我们教师往往给学生的思维时间和创新空间都有限，但培养学生的创新意识是21世纪的重要责任，因此，教师必须拓宽训练的时空，为学生创新能力的提供广阔的空间。 语文学科的工具性决定了它在学校学科教育教学中居于特殊的位置,而作文教学作为语文教学的一个重要组成部分,尤其需要重视创新意识和创新能力的培养.

【关键词】小学生作文；创新能力；培养

作为一名教育工作者，我深知自己的重任，面对21世纪人才的培养，应着重在创新意识和实践能力上着手。以此反思小学作文教学，迫使我们教育工作者不得不以新的教学观念，探索作文教学新方法、新思路，特别是小学作文教学中学生创新思维的培养，必须要加强。学作文教学过程中创新思维的培养。为了培养小学生作文创新能力，我们教师往往给学生的思维时间和创新空间都有限，但培养学生的创新意识是21世纪的重要责任，因此，教师必须拓宽训练的时空，为学生创新能力的提供广阔的空间。 语文学科的工具性决定了它在学校学科教育教学中居于特殊的位置,而作文教学作为语文教学的一个重要组成部分,尤其需要重视创新意识和创新能力的培养。那么，如何在小学作文教学中培养学生创新思维能力呢？根据我的教学实践，我认为有以下几个方面：

一、加强思维方式训练，培养学生作文创新能力。

叶圣陶老先生曾指出：“心有所思、情有所感，而后才有撰作”。可见“思”是作文的最初阶段。教学生写作文就必须先激发学生的作文兴趣，打消厌作文情绪，这是培养学生作文创新意识的前提条件。在作文教学中，我是用“读中学写”的办法来达到这一目的的。首先，让学生在读懂课文的过程中逐渐领悟作者观察事物、分析事物、连句成段、连段成篇的方法创设特定情境，让学生进入“角色”想象，提供给学生创新作文的条件。不少课文是以第一人称写的，讲课时，要创设情境，进入角色。假如我就是课文中的“我”，从而充分去感受、体验、大胆想象。如《观潮》一课中写观潮人昂首盼望潮水的到来，文中这样写的"午后一点左右，从远处传来隆隆的响声，好象闷雷在滚动。顿时，人声鼎沸"，如果我在其中，看到激动人心的场面，周围人的语言、动作、表情将是怎样，我的表情、动作会怎样等等，这样不难写出有创新意识的好文章。另外，在思想内容上的多角度，引导学生根据事物的不同特点立意，用同一素材写出不同立意的作文。经过这样的训练，就会激活了学生的思维，让学生各抒己见，把自己想写的内容和想象的内容一一写了下来，写出了真作文；再加上学生相互启发，共同探索，多角度的思考问题，创造性的解决问题，学生作文的创新意识自然会愈来愈强。

二、培养作文创新意识要注意引导学生积累丰富的作文材料。

当前，作文教学中的某些弊端严重地影响着学生语文素质的提高。教师的指导每每是三言两语的老生常谈，学生作文又常常是言不由衷的搪塞应付、抄袭报刊。这些问题的症结，就在于传统的作文教学指导过于死板，缺乏创造性。2没有平时阅读课外材料和词汇的积累，作文只能是凭空虚构，空洞无物。不知哪位老师说过这样一句十分精妙的话：“有了好的作文材料，作文就写成了一半”。材料对于作文来说，真是太重要了！把它比作巧妇手中的米，比作能使蚕吐丝的桑叶，丝毫也不夸张。因此，引导学生积累丰富的作文材料就显得尤为重要，在作文教学中我是通过以下几条途径来引导学生：

１、记日记。要求学生把每天发生的事记下来，把印象最深的事记具体，天长日久，一定会有好的作文材料。叶圣陶在《文章例话》的“序”中还说道：“生活就如源泉，文章就如溪水，泉源丰盈而不枯竭，溪水自然活活泼泼地流个不停。”小学生的作文也不例外。教师只要引导学生关注现实，热爱生活，有计划、有组织地开展学生喜闻乐见的丰富多彩的实践活动久而久之，学生写作时就有话可说，有事可写，有感而发，自然就自己写出有真情实感且富有个性的作文。

２、摘抄。倡导学生将课外读物中自己认为最有价值的内容摘抄下来，长期坚持，优美词句、写作技巧也会日益丰富，作文时就能灵活选用。 作文教学历来是语文教学中的重点和难点。尽管各种辅助资料铺天盖地，应有尽有；尽管老师耐心引导，但是学生还是觉得“无话可说，无处着手，无事可写，害怕写作文”。如何从根本上扭转这种局面呢？我认为关键在于引导学生学会动脑、动口、动手和认真观察，并学会积累词汇和生活素材。

３、电化摄录。指导学生从广播、电脑、电视、电影等电化设备中积累作文材料，特别是电脑、电视、电影这三部有声有形的书，给人插上了“顺风耳”，安上了“千里眼”，世界各地的人和物以及每天发生的事都能轻易听到、看到。给人一种“身临其境”的感觉，积累的材料更是经久不忘。

丰富的材料是写好作文的源泉，是学生寄托真情实感的载体，更是学生作文创新意识的根基，为学生提供了广阔的创新空间积累材料。

三、打破常规思维定势，培养学生作文创新意识。

首先，在作文命题上要有新的突破。作文的教学改革，首先应是观念上的转变。为了改变作文教学的现状，必须在培养学生作文创新意识上下功夫。首先教师在命题上要有新的突破。一是要克服命题成人化倾向，特别注意命题的趣味性。一个好的作文题目，就像鲜花吸引蜜蜂那样吸引学生，从而激发学生写作的兴趣。如：同是写人记事的作文，“我的童年”命题就有点成人化，而“妈妈叫我小淘气”、“我真聪明”这样的题目学生就很喜欢写，因为题目有助于激发他们回味童年的乐趣，使他们感到有话可说，有事可写。 其次，在写作题材上要有新的拓展。大纲指出：“作文教学要从内容入手”。怎样指导小学生选择有意义的内容表达自己的真情实感呢？我们认为，拓宽小学生的写作题材，扩大写作生活文和引进艺术作文，是引发和培养小学生作文创新意识的又一个重要方面。作文内容生活化

写作常识告诉我们，学生的生活越丰富，作文的内容就越充实。因此，要重视开拓小学生的社会生活视野。拓展写作题材，就是要通过课内向课外开放，培养儿童勤于观察、善于思考、面向社会、接触实际的良好意识和能力。力求做到写作题材与学生生活合拍，从而使作文内容生活化。

最后，要冲破定势，训练学生思维的发散性，指导学生习作时要引导学生冲破思维定势的束缚，让学生大胆想象，充分发挥自己的想象力，把作文训练与培养学生发散性思维有机结合起来，做到同一题目多角度选材。为了培养学生的创新思维，教师在作文指导时，要注意引导学生围绕同一题目多种角度选择材料。如写《我的爸爸》，教师可以启发学生从爸爸的性格、脾气、品德、才能、爱好，在家庭和社会中的作用等方面进行选材。学生一旦学会了发散思维，就会从“山重水复”走向“柳暗花明”，觉得有写不完的材料。同一材料多种立意，为了克服学生习作思维的单一，不善于变通的弊病。教师在指导学生写同一材料的习作时，要引导学生挖掘同一材料的多义性。这样可以激发学生的想象力，让学生从这些“事实”中寻求新的关系，找出新答案，这有一个思维过程，其中蕴含着创新思维过程，从而慢慢培养出小学生对作文的创新意识。

四 提倡质疑,培养学生思维的判断性

要创新就必须质疑,而批判思维是要冷静的对待客观事物进行冷静的评价,表现为不轻信,不随波逐流.学生在学习中敢于质疑,应该是提倡的,但这种质疑必须是科学的,有分析的.指导学生质疑,可以在讲读教学中发挥学生的主体作用.例如学习<<伟大的友谊>>一课,有不少学生提出疑问:文章开头为什么连用五个”共同”,教师启发学生先反复朗读课文,从文中找出答案.先弄懂”共同”的具体内容,然后归纳出之所以连用,是想说明它们的友谊是坚固的,牢不可摧的. 通过引导学生质疑，重点培养学生的求异思维，创新思维既需要发散思维也需要复合思维。创新实际上是从发散到复合再到发散的多次循环过程。

选择最佳质疑时机，引导学生在预习时质疑。学生预习时首先接触的是文章的题目。它好比文章的眼睛，是理解的钥匙。引导学生对课题质疑能够统摄全文，有利于学生对文章的理解。

引导学生善于提问。以学定教，抓住学生的疑点处进行发散思维训练，培养学生创新意识。爱因斯坦说过：“提出一个问题往往比解决一个问题更重要。”一个好的问题，能激活学生的创造性思维，并在发现问题、提出问题、解决问题过程中达到“蓦然回首”、“恍然大悟”的效果。

引导学生解决问题。教师要提供充分的时间、空间，让学生间充分的合作交流，学生能自己探索得出的，决不要替代；学生能独立思考的决不要暗示。

在学生有一定的基础知识,并通过实践具备一定分析和解决问题的能力后,引导学生用以掌握的知识予技巧培养球艺思维和创新能力水到渠成.比如:在作文教学中,进行幻想训练,古诗延续训练等等,都有助于创新意识的培养.

五、评语要有新举措，培养学生创新思维

目前的作文教学中，相当一部分学生对习作产生畏惧心理，这与教师在批改和评语中惯用的“纠谬法”----只罗列学生习作中的不足，不肯定学生习作中闪光点有很大的关系。据心理学家分析，缺乏肯定与鼓励的批评，会使人的情绪低落，而情绪会直接影响人的行为。就作文教学而言，激励应贯穿在习作教学的各个环节之中，而在作文的批改和讲评环节尤其需要激励，通过高分、给予鼓励性评语、提供“发表”机会等激励形式，让学生树立“我能写”“我能写好”的自信心，从而激发学生新的创新动机，使作文教学步入良性循环的轨道。由于传统教学中对学生作文的过高要求，再加上教师评语像裁判式的生硬、刻板，冷冰冰的。如语句不通顺，条理不清楚，中心不明确等等，挫伤孩子的写作积极性。或空洞的、含糊的评语，如文章很生动，内容具体，想象丰富等等。使学生如堕云雾之中，觉得作文很抽象，产生了一种恐惧心理，认为作文是一件很难的事，很苦的事。根据心理学家马斯洛的需要层次理论，思维是人脑对客观事物间接、概括的反映。从这意义上说，小学生作文不但是小学生作文能力的体现，也是其在生活实践中的亲身体验。所以教师的作文评语不但要在写作方法上进行指导，更重要的是要在学生的学习心理、道德品质、为人处世等诸多方面进行引导。因此教师要站在理解、尊重学生的角度，改变以往评语中教师作为说教者的形象，与学生进行平等的对话，耐心的心灵交流，激发学生的写作热情。从而提高了学生的素质，提升学生的人文素养。

此外，培养学生的创新思维，还必须注意重视发展学生注意力、记忆力、想象力。只有全面发展了学生智力，才有更好地发展学生的创新能力。总之，培养学生创新作文能力不是一朝一夕就能形成，而是经过长时间的能力培养和日积月累，才能碰撞出创新思维的火花，写作时才能水到渠成，文思涌泉，笔下生花。培养学生的创新能力是时代的要求，语文教学应确立学生的主体地位，善于挖掘教材中蕴含的创新素材，把创新教育具体落实到课堂教学中的每一环节，使学生的创造力得到充分的开发与培养。还要强化主体意识，关注学生的主动发展，使学生敢于创新，善于创新，乐于创新，这样才能全面培养学生的创新品质，使学生成长为高素质的建设人才。

【参考文献】

[1]叶圣陶．文章例话[M]．上海：上海文艺出版总社。1983．

第二篇：摘要作文

摘要作文

一、概述

摘要就是对原文及结构的简要陈述，是由原文内容的主要点按其叙述顺序组合而成的。写摘要或大意实际上是书面表达能力的一种应用，当属于应用文的写作范畴。这一题型一般先提供给考生一篇较长的文章，然后要求考生在规定的时间及字数范围内写出该文章的摘要或大意。文章摘要或大意是文章主题、主要论点、论据等要点信息的概括和总结。写摘要的目的是要客观、完整、准确、扼要地把原文的主要内容和观点再现于一篇相对较短（约原文的1/4或1/5篇幅）的短文里。六级考试大纲对此题型的作文虽作了要求，但至今尚未考过该题型的作文。

写好摘要的前提是充分理解和熟悉原文，写摘要的时候，要认真阅读原文，掌握它是如何表达的，辨别主要和次要内容、重点和非重点内容，分清材料的主次轻重，考虑如何取舍。写摘要一般采取以下的两种方法：

（1）摘取原文的重点词、句、段落，通过过度照应连缀成文；

（2）根据原文重点加以概括，重新组织安排。

最终所写成的摘要必须是一个有机的整体，而不是连贯的生硬拼凑。写摘要要注意简洁，其内容只包括文章的重要内容。同时，摘要必须忠实于原文，保证语言连贯、过渡自然，摘要中内容的出现顺序及所占全篇比重必须与原文保持一致。总之，摘要的语言一定要简单、直接、精练。

二、摘要的写作步骤

⑴阅读原文，深刻理解文章的内容；

⑵找出文章的关键词、句，记下原文每部分的主要内容；

⑶将各部分要点整理成草稿；

⑷对照原文修改草稿；

⑸写修改稿。

⑹

三、写作范例

Directions: Write a summary based on the following passage. You should write about 50

words. Remember to write clearly.

The original passage:

“Hi,” he said to the little girl, “what?s your name?”

She looked at him and didn?t say a word.

“Do you live near here?” he asked her.” I live in this neighborhood and I don?t remember seeing you before. You don?t look very happy. Won?t you tell me what the trouble is?”

Finally, the girl spoke.” My name is Julie. My mother gave me some money to buy bread and milk, and I don?t know what I did with it. I lost it. What am I to do now? I can?t go home. My family needs the bread and milk for dinner. We don?t have anything else to eat tonight.” “Here,” said Jim, giving her a little money. It was almost all he had but it didn?t matter. “No,” said Julie. “I can?t take it. I don?t know who you are and you don?t know me either.” 对于这篇文章，其要点如下所示：

(1) A man meets a little girl in trouble

(2) The little girl lost money for bread and milk for the family.

(3) The man offers help to the little girl.

(4) The girl refuses the man?s help.

(5) They are strangers.

摘要：

A man met a little girl. She appeared to be in some trouble. After refusing to talk for a while. She finally told the man that. She had lost the money her mother had given her. She was afraid to go home. The man offered her some money, but she refused because they were strangers to each other.

书信的写作

一、概述

书信包括六个部分：信头、收信人地址、称呼、正文、结束语、署名。

（1）信头部分由写信人的详细地址及写信日期组成，常打印于信纸第一页的右上角。末尾可用标点符号，也可以不用。信头指发信人的姓名或单位名称、地址、邮政编码，正式函件中有时还需包括电话号码、电传编号和电报挂号（通常印好在打印纸上）。

（2）要特别注意地址和日期的写法。英文地址写法与中文顺序完全相反，应当先写门牌号，再写路名（街名）、城乡名、省名、邮政编码和国名等。换言之，其书写顺序由小单位到大单位。此外，信头中的姓名应写在地下之前，这也与中文不同。

（3）发信日期一般写在信笺右上角的信头下方。如用已印有信头的信笺，只需将日期写在信笺右上角。日期的写法有美英之分。美国的写法是：月、日、年，如October 10，2001。英国的写法是：日、月、年，如10th October,2001。

（4）收信人地址在私人信件中常被省略，而较正式的信件中一般包含这一部分。通常位于信笺称呼的上端，顶格书写。

（5）称呼是为了表达对收信人的致意，通常写在收信姓名和地址的下面1-2行处，并与之齐头。称呼后面的标点符号美国一般用“，”但英国学用“：”。

（6）在写给要好的朋友或亲属的私人信件中，一般直呼名字即可。而较正式的信件中，要用收信人的姓氏加上他的职务或Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms.。另外，在称呼前，常常加上“Dear”等表达亲切感的形容词。正式函件中常用的称呼是：对于男子，单数用Sir, Dear Sir, My Dear Sir;复数常用Dear Sirs或Gentlemen,其中Gentlemen 一词总是以复数出现,前面不能冠以 Dear。对于女子，单数用 madam, Dear Madam, My Dear Madam,复数 Mesdames，Dear Mesdames.

（7）正文是信件的主体部分，包含写信人所要传达的内容。一般来讲，私人信件较为随意，而正式信件的语言要得体一些。

（8）结束语要根据写信人与收信人的亲疏关系、书信目的和内容来选择，注意文明、礼貌，达意得体。通常结束语的第一个字母要大写，末尾用逗号与署名分开。

（9）署名位于书信最后一页的右下角。在较正式的信件中，常置于结语与打印的姓名之间，有时候在打印的姓名之后还有写信人的职务等内容。署全名与否也视信件正式程度而定。

写作范例

例1

Directions: Write a letter of 120 words or more to your neighbor, who lives above your

apartment in the same building. Recently he is making a lot of noises at

night.(Probably he is doing some urgent work.)Your letter should be polite, but

tell your neighbor clearly that the reasons why you want him to stop making

those noise at night. Write your letter on the Answer Sheet.

A Letter

August12,2003

Dear Sir,

I?m your neighbor living just under your apartment in the same building. Recently it seems that you are always doing some works late at night. I think I can understand why some people have to work hard even at night. We are all sometimes pressed by some urgent tasks that have to be finished within a limited period of time. However, I wonder if you can rearrange your working time a bit and avoid making too loud noises at night.

My son Tom will graduate from high school this summer and he is thinking extremely hard to prepare himself for the entrance examinations. The noises you make at night have made it impossible for him to concentrate on his studies. Besides the problem of my son, my wife is also complaining that she is suffering from lack of sleep and she actually makes mistakes while doing her secretarial work in her office. As to myself, I?m a truck driver. And you know of course what lack of sleep may cause when a driver drives his truck on the highway and feels sleepy.

I feel sure that other neighbors in this building may have quite similar problems just as we do. So if you could try to change your working time, all of us would feel very much obliged to you!

Sincerely yours,

John Smith

例2

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Application. Read

the following advertisement published in the newspaper. Then write a letter of no

fewer than 100 words applying for the job. Be sure to write it clearly.

Attention

Applied Technology, Inc. is looking for an experienced computer clerk for a position starting November 2003.

If interested, please write to:

Personnel Manager

Applied Technology, Inc.

289Tianhe Bei Lu

Guangzhou, Guangdong Province

A letter of Application

Computer Department

Jinan University

Guangzhou, Guangdong Province

September 5, 2003

Personnel Manager

Applied Technology, Inc.

289 Tianhe Bei Lu

Guangzhou, Guangdong Province

Dear Sir,

In the newspaper, I noticed your advertisement for the services of a clerk. I hereby wish to apply for the position, feeling confident that I?m qualified to fill it to your satisfaction.

I?m 22 years old, and have just graduated this summer from the Computer Department of Jinan University. I have a good knowledge of computer and I?m skilled in English too. I have passed College English Band 4 and Band 6 Exam. Last summer vacation I worked in a company as a clerk. So I feel sure that I a able to do the job as a competent clerk in your company.

Should my application be regarded favorably, I would appreciate your kindness and confidence on me. I hope to have an opportunity for an interview at nay time that is convenient for you. Thank you for consideration of my application.

Yours Faithfully,

Wang Li

例三

20xx年12月四、六考试作文真题

Directions: For this part, you allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Li

Ming, write a letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on

Campus. You should write according to the suggestions given below in Chinese:

假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，也可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。

优秀范文：

A letter to the University President

Dear President,

I am Li Ming, a senior student majoring in economics in the Department of International Trade of our university. I venture to write to you because I wish to express some of my opinions about the canteen on campus and because I want to give my suggestions on its improvement.

The canteen service on campus would be much worse than you learned. It is undesirable in terms of its food quality provided, high prices charged, dining hall disordered, and service attitude as shown by the staff members. If the canteen did not take any counter-measured, it

would be closed down sooner or later. There are more and more students who share the same opinion as I.

Hoping to be favored with a early reply.

Yours Sincerely

Li Ming

热点追击：CET 各种题型优秀范文背颂

作文是一块肥肉，也许英语高手（指那些四、六级能考上90多分的牛人）不屑本书的观点，但是，我们认为，四、六级考试的作文就是编好框框，上考场就套模式。那真是下起笔来，有如滔滔东水，连绵不绝?试想，我们用母语写作都不是件简单的事，要在考场上用外语布局谋篇搞“原创”，绝大多数人是没有这个能力的。作文模版的书也很多，要注意的一点是，要写好四、六级考试的作文，死背是第一步，活用才是目的。当然，考生们也不需要背太多，自己选择背上几个弹性较大的模式，平时有空就找题目练习怎么套圈圈就行了。过上一阵，你会发现自己什么题目都套上去了。三段式的武器几乎所向披靡，虽然有时套上去有点牵强，但是，阅卷老师在2分钟都不足的疲劳状态下早已经被你的框框所折服了。因此，比起更多的“原创垃圾”而言，你的作文当然是高分啦。有时真感叹世界的奇怪，说招生考试是选拔一部分人，实际上也是在淘汰另一部分人。在大家水平相当或者都很差的情况下，看哪些人犯的错误更离谱，谁的失误更多，就淘汰谁，而剩下的那些人就是人才。如果对考试的认识达到这个程度，相信你应付考试的心态将会更加健康和乐观自信。

本章为大家精挑细选了多篇范文供读者背诵和练习，范文的题型都包括在四、六级的考试题型范围之内，内容均为四、六级作文考试热衷考的热门题材，大家不妨背上几篇以备不时之需。

另外，在每篇荡文中，请考生注意加粗的单词和句型，它们在写作中的使用频率极高，考生可以适当进行背诵并多练多用。

一、表达个人理由

1. The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew

Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic The Most Unforgettable Person I Ever Knew. You should write no less than 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1．我生活中最难以以忘怀的人是??

2．为什么他（或她）一直在我心中

3．结论

In my lie I have net many people who are really worth recalling. But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever knew is my Chinese language teacher.

What frequently bring back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities. First of all, I was attracted by his lively wit. I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lectures were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs. Second, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer, an

awakening of a passion for learning. He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of Chinese and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field. Finally, I was deeply impressed by the respect he showed for us. As he treated us like friends rather than students, we all liked to visit his home for social activities as well as for academic advice.

Although it is nearly 10 year since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our old classmates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.

2. Why I Came to College

Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

Why I Came to College. You should write no less than 150 words and base your

composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:

1． 我为什么选择读大学

2． 现在读大学是否值得

3． 结论

Why have I chosen to attend college?—a question I have put to myself many times in the past two academic years. But the answer is always the same: college education is something I truly want to have in my life and it is worthwhile.

There are many reasons for my choosing to attend college. The main one is that I enjoy learning and gaining knowledge. I remember that as my high school education was drawing to a close, my desire for continuing to learn felt increasingly strong, and the decision was naturally made when I realized I would not be content to simply end my educational career with high school and enter the working world so soon. I decided to enter college not only because it is a place where I can continue to seek scientific truths, but also it is a place where I can be exposed to various new, original ideas. It helps to expand my horizons and make me a well-rounded person. Of course I must admit that I chose to attend college also because I felt it was a practical and necessary step I took to ensure a secure future for myself. For in today?s world, a college education has become almost essential if one wishes to compete in the job market and to find a worthwhile position.

For these reasons, I never mind spending beautiful nights on paperwork; I never consider myself miserable and unfairly burdened; and I never think college education is a waste of time and money.

评论某一事物利与弊

3. Holiday Economy

Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Holiday Economy. You should write no less than 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1．假日经济的由来

2．假日经济的益处

3．假日经济带来的问题

The lengthy holidays have caused unexpected great travel craze and brisk economic activit6es. Holiday spending however, adds fuel to the Chinese economy, which in turn leads to the creation of a new term “Holiday Economy”. But, meanwhile, it sparks a hot debate about it.

Some economists are in favor of the Holiday Economy. They believe it has many advantages. First, tourism-based Holiday Economy will raise consumption, up spending and, therefore, help to spur the domestic demand. In addition, it benefits tourism, transportation, catering hotels and service industries and enables them to thrive during holidays, which in turn adds fuel to the overall economic growth.

However, others overstate it6s disadvantages and hold that it brings undeniable problems. First, the travel craze puts a heavy burden on the traffic system, causing serious traffic jams. Besides, thousands and thousands of tourists flood scenic spots, jamming railway station sand airports, causing some over-crowdedness and safety problems. Therefore, we shouldn?t neglect the new problems.

I believe its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages. After all, it greatly benefits our overall economy. Finally, I suggest the government take effective measures to solve the aforementioned problems. Only in this way can we let the Holiday Economy develop in a sound way.

4. Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cell Phone

Directions： For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Cell Phone. You should write no less

than 150 words and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)

below:

1. 手机的好处

2. 手机的弊端

3. 我的看法

Nowadays, with the rapid development of IT and information industry, cell phones play a dominant role in townspeople?s life. But, like everything else they have both favorable and unfavorable aspects.

First, it?s useful .As a wireless mobile telephone, it?s easy and handy to carry it wherever one goes and call the cal lee however faraway he is. Therefore, it greatly facilitates people?s life. Second, it?s convenient. Whenever one meets trouble or something urgent , one can make a call immediately. Most important of all , it?s a very helpful companion. With a multifunction cell phone in hand, one can easily get on the Net, browsing the useful information, conducting e-commerce and doing whatever one can do via Internet.

Howrver4, just as everything has two sides, the cell phone also has many disadvantages. To begin with , it?s expensive to buy and costly to pay the bills, especially that of global service. To make matters worse, it?s also easy to lose and costly to get it repaired. Worst of all , it?s not as clear as a family telephone and sometimes the number dialed is often not available.

Last but not least, it?s alleged the micro-waves in it might do harm to people?s health.

In my opinion, with its expenses greatly reduced after China?s entry into the WTO, it will face an ever brighter future in its development. Someday most of them will be developed into new Internet-enabled mobile phones, which will be as useful as pocket computers. And I believe its advantages will not only offset its disadvantages, but also far outweigh them.

5.The Positive and Negative Aspects of Exams and the Existing Examination System Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

The Positive and Negative Aspects of Exams and the Existing Examination

System. Your composition should be no less than 150 words and based on the

outline (given in Chinese ) below:

1. 现有考试制度的益处

2. 现有考试制度的弊端

3. 结论

As everything has two sides, the existing examination system is not all bad. It certainly has many positive aspects. To begin with, exam is an effective means to assess students? knowledge and proficiency and to evaluate teachers? teaching skills. Besides, it can help students find out their strong and weak points in learning and make their knowledge permanent, Most important of all, It?s often served as a motive to drive students to study hard and get well prepared academically for the future competition.

However, it?s often blamed for its obvious defects. First, exams are always over-stressed as the aim of both learning and teaching. Thus the exam system is often blamed for the formation of the traditional exam-oriented education system. Second, exams are always associated with promotion to a higher grade or admittance to college. Therefore, they are heavily responsible for the present exam-assessment system. Finally, because the system leads to student?s heavy study load and it mainly produces students with high scores and poor abilities, it?s always the target of criticism and focus of reform.

In a word, the disadvantages do outweigh the advantages. It?s urgent to reform the existing examination system in the new century.

二、阐述某个观点

6. Work is More Important Than Money

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

Work is More Important Than Money. Your composition should be no less than

150 words and based on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:

1．有不少人认为钱对他们来说非常重要

2．但是工作却是人生的幸福不可缺少的东西

3．结论

Would you quit your job if you made a fortune or gad a lot of money? In a 1995 poll conducted by the Gallup Organization, quite a few people said they would do so , yet researchers find that work is one of life?s chief satisfactions for many people .

Consider Liu Yian, 23, a former school teacher. Before she quit her job in 1994, she taught at a high school. Although the salary was quite moderate, she liked her job and worked so successfully that in only one year?s time after her graduation from college, she not only won a prize for excellence in teaching, but also enjoyed wide popularity among her students., In her second teaching year, however, she met a millionaire and got married; and went to live in Hong Kong with her husband. There she led a very comfortable and easy life ,spending most of her days doing shopping and going traveling. After one year of endless vacation, though, she began to miss her work and asked for the return to her teaching position. “I?m so tired of this kind of life,? she explained in her letter to the school she had previously worked for ,”that I miss more than ever the days with my students.”

A job is more than a paycheck: doing something one likes can contribute greatly to his or her happiness and contentment.

7. Sex Education

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition in three3

paragraphs. You are given the first sentence of each paragraph and are required to

develop its idea in completing the paragraph. Write about 40words for each

paragraph, to including the words,, given below:

1. With society becoming more and more open to the outside world , the bad influence of ___________________________________________________________.

2. Obviously, there are several reasons for sex education_________________.

3. Therefore, we should ______________________________________________

With China?s door open wider and AIDS and STDs threatening the human beings in the coming century, it?s urgent to provide sex education, epecially among college students on campus, and even very necessary to start it from middle school. Why ?

Obviously, there are several reasons for providing such education. First, from physiological point of view, younger generations are generally more sexually precocious due to improved living standards and better nutrition. Second, from psychological point of view, nowadays students are encouraged to be more liberal toward sex by more and more indecent content on the Net, pirated VCDs or pornographic publications. Finally, it?s natural and necessary to disperse the mystery shrouding sex as students approach adolescence and especially adulthood. Otherwise, it will leave students ignorant or thirsty for sexual knowledge. Thus it produces a side effect on society. As a result, now more than 50% of the AIDS suffers in China are aged between 20 and 29, partially due to the lack of sex education.

To sum up, we should view sex education as a necessary component of the entire education program and give a proper weight to it. Only in this way can students grow up physiologically and psychologically. And only in this way can we hope to prevent the widespread of STDs and AIDS in the coming century.

8.Where Do You Want to Eat

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition on the topic

Where Do You Want to Eat. You should write no less than 120 words and you

should your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:

1．经济的发展引出吃在哪里的问题

2．有的人主张在餐馆和饭店吃

3．有的人主张在家里吃

In the past, people seldom thought of eating out in the restaurant. But with the rapid development of our economy , people?s living standard has been improved a lot. People begin to pay more and more attention to what to eat and where to eat.

Some people such as the businessman, office manager, and other high-salary class prefer to eat in the restaurant. To them, eating outside is a convenient and comfortable way of living. Firstly, it can save them a lot of time. Secondly, it is better for them to make friends and to talk about their business in a restaurant than at home.

But some people still insist on the habit of eating at home because eating at home makes them feel safe and happy and at the same time , it costs less money. When the whole family sit together by the table , eating the dishes cooked by the mother, what a lovely atmosphere it is!

9.Chinese People in My Eye

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition on the topic Chinese People in M Eye. You should write no less than 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:

中国人民一向自认为是勤劳、勇敢、诚实、善良的人民。你的看法如何？请写出你的观点，说明你的理由并举出适当的例子。最后，写出你的结论。

China has a 5000-year history, and modesty, industry, bravery, kindness are the flowers of their virtues. In my opinion, they still remain true in reality.

First of all, Chinese people are modest. They don?t like to boast about themselves. Even when they make a great achievement, they often say “no” to other?s praises. That is their typical character.

Secondly they are industrious. The case in point is the Great Wall, which is the fruit of thousands of Chinese people?s labor.

Thirdly, bravery is the third virtue of Chinese people. In the past. Thousands of people, regardless of their own lives, contributed themselves to the fighting for the freedom of their motherland who had ever been at the mercy of Japan. And also it is tested in the last few years fighting against flood.

Lastly, Chinese people are very kind. Last year witnessed a wild flood in the southern areas when the people in the whole country contributed their money, clothes, medicines to the refugees. Moreover, when you go to a Chinese family as a guest, the most delicious food will be offered to you , and they will cater for you very well.

Although Chinese people have so many virtues as listed above, they have some bad

manners, such as lacking sense of environment. It is a very common scene that wasted papers, bags are flying in the sky in some big cities. Anyhow I am still proud of being a Chinese.

10. My view on Going After Fashion

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition on the topic My

View on Going After Fashion. You should write no less than 150 words and you

should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese ) below:

1、一些学生喜欢赶时时髦追潮流

2、另一些学生喜欢追求自己的个性

3、我的看法

Nowadays some college students like to go after fashion. Boy students wear long hair and blue jeans and girl students wear short hair and mini shirts. Whenever a new fashion appears on the street, these young people will just follow it without considering whether it is suitable to them or not. In their eyes, some other students prefer to go their own way. They pay little attention to the common taste of fashion, They often seek the styles they really like. Though sometimes what they wear is quite different from what others do , they do look great and nice.

As to me, I don?t like to go after fashion. Though fashion, in some way, may show a tendency of common taste, it depersonalizes people by making people every where look alike. I think only those who lack confidence will try to show their existence by these outside symbols. As college students, we should find ourselves and be ourselves. That will be the only kind of fashion that really counts.

11. Should Class Attendance Be Required?

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic

Should Class Attendance Be Required? You should write no less than 150 word

base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1． 许多大学都实行上课出勤点名制

2． 你认为有无必要实行这种制度

3． 为什么

Required class attendance is so common at colleges and universities that many teachers and even students themselves simply assume it is a good thing. In fact, required class attendance does more harm than good.

There are several reasons that teachers should not require attendance. First, rigid attendance policies do not benefit students? studies. For example, a student may have to give up a lecture which he finds vital to his studies simply because he dare not run the risk of being penalized for poor attendance in his course. Second, the lectures of some teachers are not always constructive. A student should be allowed to decide for himself whether an in-class experience is worthwhile when his teacher merely repeats material from the textbook or wastes class time by telling irrelevant stories. Finally and most importantly, there is no proven correlation between attendance and performance, but who knows whether or not he is just

sitting there daydreaming all the time?

Required class attendance may secure one hundred percent attendance for a course, but it does not make munch sense.

12. Unity is Power

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic

Unity is Power. You should write no less than 150 words and base your

composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1．在现代社会，“团结就是力量”这句名言仍然占据重要地位

2．试举例说明

Today, we are undergoing years of reform in which challenges can be found everywhere. The challenges pervade the fields of economy, culture, education, politics, etc. Because reform can mean success or failure, every Chinese who loves his homeland has to focus his attention on these serious challenges. Then, what is the key in the face of the challenges? Unity is the answer. Only by unity can our nation have success in the stiff competition.

There is a famous Chinese saying “If people firmly unite even Mountain Tai can be moved.” Just as the saying goes, if Chinese unite firmly, what wonders can?t be accomplished? By unity, last year we succeeded in fighting against the wild flood.

This century is a challenging one, and the next century will be even more challenging. Time and tide wait for nobody. We must unite as one. The more challenges we meet, the more firmly we unite. Let all Chinese unite and take up the challenges on the way to success!

13. The Significance of the First Working Draft of Human /Genome Map

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The

Significance of the First Working Draft of Human Genome Map. You should

write no less tan 150 words and base your composition on the outline (given in

Chinese) below:

1．人类第一张基因草图的重大意义

2．试举例说明其重大意义

The completion of the first working draft of Human Genome Map is of great significance in history. It?s so important of the landing on the moon. Why?

Because, firs, decoding the human genome, the secret of human life, is hailed as one of the greatest scientific milestones in the overall progress of the Human Geonme Project. Besides, it?s of vital importance to the development of life science. Based on the findings of the project, our lifespan might be doubled, or even tripled. Therefore, that?s why we regard the achievement as the common wealth, even the most valuable asset of the whole mankind.

Second, the sketch is of great importance to the development of human genetics can help human beings know more about themselves and how to treat the major diseases, it will enable medical industry to develop fantastically. Therefore, we have every reason to expect the greatest killers in the world, such as cancer and AIDS, will be cured in the near future.

Finally, the working draft of Human Gneome Map will greatly promote the development

of biological information and technology, and help lay a solid foundation for the biological industry—the pillar industry in the 21st century.

问题分析型

14．Teenage Smoking Soars

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

Teenage Smoking Soars. You should write about 150 words and base your

composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1．近些年来青海年吸烟人数剧增

2．造成这种情况的主要原因是?

3．结论

In the past 15 years China has experienced an alarming increase in teenage smoking: It rose from 8 percent in 1982 to 24 percent in 1995. The statistics look quite disturbing and cause people to ask why.

The factors for a great rise in teenage smoking are complex. Some attribute it to the improved standard of living which enables kids to have more pocket money, and others place the blame on cigarette advertising and the import of cigarettes, which give them easy access to Marlboros. Whatever the causes, only particular external circumstances have been examined. The factors, actually, are psychological as well as social. Most young people begin to smoke just out of curiosity: they have a strong desire to experience the pleasure of smoking which is forbidden to them. They also have a subconscious feeling that smoking will make them mature and tough and sophisticated. When they light up a cigarette, and produce puffs of smoke carelessly, they are admired rather than rejected by society.

To help them get rid of such foolish ideas in the first step towards the effort to prevent children from starting to smoke, and then we may conduct a more extensive campaign to make them aware of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.

15. Problem of Piracy

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic

Problem of Piracy. You should write about 150 words and base your composition

on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1． 盗版现象日益严重

2． 盗版造成的后果

3． 我对抵制盗版问题的看法

Nowadays, the problem of piracy has become more and more serious. Books, tapes, VCDs and other high-tech products almost all have been pirated. When a new product comes into market, very probably, its pirated counterpart will soon make its appearance in the market, too.

Piracy has caused a great loss to the legitimate producers, inventions and writers, and make great confusion in the genuine ones, they enjoy a pretty good selling in spite of their

relatively poor quality. The genuine products, on the contrary, sell poorly. This happens especially to some high-tech products, whose prices are often expensive. In addition, in the case of the pirated books, sometimes, they do great harm to the authors? names due to some misprintings. However, piracy doesn?t benefit those customers who buy the pirated products, because in the long run, customers will suffer a big loss for the sake of small gains. Shouldn?t we solve the problem now?

In my opinion, the problem of piracy should receive due attention now, and it?s time everyone started the battle against piracy. First, customers should develop their consciousness to resist the pirated products. Besides, government should take effective measures to stop piracy. Finally stronger laws must be strictly executed to completely ban piracy. Only in this way can we wipe out piracy.

16. Go on a Diet

1. 节制饮食的好处（使人健康，苗条等）

2．过度节制饮食的危险性。

3．节制饮食应当适当，以保持健康为准。

With the development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to their health and going on a diet becomes extremely popular. It keeps people from growing too fat and saves them form many inconveniences and diseases related to fatness. At the same time, it provides people with sufficient nutrition to keep them in a tit condition. Besides its good effects on people?s health, going on a diet can also help many young girls become slim and bring their dream into reality.

However, if carried too far, going on a diet could become extremely dangerous. It often happens in the cases of some young girls. With all their eagerness to have a beautiful figure, they will even risk their lives to lose weight. The tragedy of young Carpenter has proved this. Even if it doesn?t cost their lives, it will damage their health to a certain degree.

Thus, apart from its positive effects, going on a diet has its bad side-effects. The proper way to use it is to put health in the first place. If it is good for our health, stick to it; it not, just abandon it.

17. Harmfulness of Video Games

1. 中小学生玩电子游戏屡禁不止。

2．试分析电子游戏给学生和社会带来的危害。

Nowadays, time and again, students are prohibited from playing video games, but almost in vain. As a matter of fact, many teenagers are still seen indulging in the exciting games, esp., during the vacations. However, this problem has caught the national vide attention.

As is well known, video games can do great harm to students and society. First,

they greatly affect students? eyesight and their health. As a matter of fact, some students can?t resist the temptation of playing video games. Therefore, they cut their lunch and pour all their pocket money on video games. And what is worse, they waste all their free time on the games so as to escape the teachers? strict requirements and the parents? harsh words. As a result, they fail rapidly in health. Besides, video game take students? attention form their classroom and greatly affect their studies. As some students are so indulged in the games, they naturally forget about their homework and even begin to skip school. Third, some violence in the games can lead students astray. Finally the deadly need for money to play the games can drive them to robbery, their or any other kinds of crimes or tragedies.

Therefore, it?s high time we took effective measures to stop the students from playing video games. We should let people in the society become fully aware of the harmfulness of video games.

18. Cyber Crimes

1. 网上犯罪的形式很多，如、、、、、、

2. 网上犯罪的根源。

4. 如何打击网上犯罪现象。

Nowadays cyber criminals seem to be everywhere, with a few clicks, committing all kinds of cyber crimes. To illustrate, some commit fraud or lift intellectual property. Others subvert deals, snatch passwords or disrupt e-commerce. Still others unleash viruses to crash computers. As a result, these hackers do a great damage to companies and computer users, causing computer losses up to 10 billion dollars per year.

Naturally, there are many causes for the cyber crimes. In addition to the wicked nature of the hacker, the frailties of Internet partially nourish the crimes. Just because there are holes in Internet—the complex software is buggy and often infested, the cyber vandals can find out the weakness in the Website software programs and by manipulating software glitches, gain access to Website, committing all kinds of crimes.

However, we shouldn?t tolerate these cyber criminals any more. And it?s high time for us to take all the effective steps to battle the cyber crooks. First we should reinforce the cyber laws to protect the Web, the powerful engine of economy. Besides, we should use high techniques to improve intrusion detection, encryption and computer security. Finally, we should train more talented people to build up more firewalls so as to make the Net immune to all kinds of viruses and unassailable to all kinds of cyber criminals.

19. Cracking Down on the Abduction of Woman and Children

1.目前我们正开展全国性的打拐运动。

2.拐卖妇女儿童是种惨无人道的罪恶行经。

3.如何打拐。

Nowadays there?s an ongoing nationwide drive to crack down the abduction of women and children, the old brutal crime once basically eliminated but run rampant since 1990s. According to the statistics, tens of hundreds of women and children are abducted and traded to mountain areas or big cities,(some women even were force to be prostitutes), among whom many are being relieved.

As is well known, abduction and trade of women and children is an inhumane vreime. It has enormous bad influence on the society. First, it severely affects the victims? mental and physical health. Besides, it brings the victims and their families an enormous pain and suffering. Finally, it greatly affects the social stability and invades human rights. Therefore, we should battle against it until completely eliminate it.

To remove this social tumor, first, we should call up people in the whole society to take actions. It?s very important for us to promote people?s sense of law, esp. that of those ignorant people in the country. Besides, we should enhance the penalty of the criminals, even put some to death. Most important of all, we should help people in underdeveloped areas get rid of poverty and ignorance so as to completely destroy “the buyers? market” and eventually cure the social tumor.

五、对比型

20 College Lectures and Discussion

1．大学里教学有讲授式和讨论式两种

2．这两种方式有什么长处和不足

3．我的看法

What is the difference between the lecture system and the discussion system—the two teaching methods prevalent on campus both at home and abroad? As a senior, it is not very difficult for me to tell: they have both strengths and weaknesses.

Many students like the lecture system because it helps them to learn more quickly. Attending a well-prepared lecture is a most rewarding experience: it can open a new horizon for you and save your time as well --- time you might otherwise spend reading one book after another. Yet the fault of the lecture system is that it cultivates a bad habit of passive learning. Students bring their notebooks and even tape recorders to class to write everything down without thinking for themselves, let alone raise any question to teachers. On the contrary, the discussion system encourages students to form their own ideas and opinions. To engage in frequent and even heated debate, you have to do a lot of homework beforehand, find answers yourselves and thus you have develop the analysis skills which benefit both your academic career and your future life. However, it also has its weakness: students do not learn systematically.

In my opinion, both the systems must be improved and a hybrid methods may gain

more popularity among us students.

21. How to Solve the Energy Problem

1. 有的人认为解决能源危机的方法是厉行节约

2．有的人则认为开发新的能源是最好的方法

3．我的看法

When asked about one of the biggest problems today, many people say that an energy crisis is approaching and is threatening mankind?s survival. They are afraid that the world is likely to run out of oil and metals and to run short of food in the near future. To this problem, most countries respond with the demand for more rigid conservation of our natural resources. Indeed, this is urgently needed, for the present waste of energy in industrial and personal consumption is so serious that it has become habitual and traditional. If the natural resources are used economically, we can certainly slow down the present drain on the limited energy supply. However, conservation alone is not the answer. It is obvious that even if we can save much energy, we can only delay the energy crisis, but cannot solve the problem completely. However abundant certain natural resources may be, they cannot reproduce themselves and are bound to be used up ultimately. So in the long run we must develop new sources of energy instead of merely conserving the known, limited supplies.

Man is highly adaptable and creative, and since he is able to tap such resources as oil and metals, why can?t he develop and harness solar energy, unclear energy and other unknown energy resources?

22．Should Euthanasia Be Legalized?

1. 有的人赞成实施安乐死

2．有的人反对安乐死合法化

3． 我的看法

Euthanasia, a quit and easy death, or “mercy killing? as we call it recently has made the deadlines frequently. Many people applaud it and argue that Euthanasia should be legalized.

As is pointed out, to practice Euthanasia can benefit can benefit both the patient and his family. To a terminally ill person who is suffering excruciating pains day and night or living ?like a vegetable?, to be allowed to end his life painlessly is a good release. To his family it is also a big relief considering the financial and emotional drain on them that having to sustain his life entails. However, the legalization of euthanasia may also bring with it problems our society has not previously faced. Is it humane, for example, that a terminally ill patient is thus caused to feel guilty foe remaining alive because of a mistaken terminal diagnosis? And is it possible that Euthanasia could be taken advantage of for some ulterior or ever criminal

purposes?

Since the legalization of euthanasia will raise serious moral and social issues. The decision our society makes about Euthanasia will undoubtedly have tremendous consequences in society.

23. Developing Economy or Protecting the Environment?

1. Some people think that the urgent task is to develop economy on a large scale.

2. On the other hand, many people insist hat environment protection should be a top priority

3. In my opinion, both economic development and environment protection are our urgent task now.

Some people think that the urgent task is to develop economy on a large scale. First, they hold that many people, especially in rural areas, are living in poverty. As a result, many children drop out school and can?t afford even the compulsory education. Second, they believe only by further balancing and developing our economy can we get rid of poverty and gain the overall prosperity.

On the other hand, many people insist that environmental protection should be a top priority. First, they claim that we have only one mother earth, if our ecological environment is heavily polluted or ruined, we could not even survive on this planet. Second, they believe, it?s the rapid and advanced development of economy that leads to the present situation that most parts of the world are polluted. If the problem left unsolved, one day we may have nothing to drink, let alone develop our economy.

In my opinion, both economy and environmental protection are our urgent tasks now. Without economic development, we would remain backward. Moreover, we might be conquered or bullied by other powerful countries. And without environmental protection, we would lose our home. Therefore, the best solution is to develop environmental- protection-oriented industries and agriculture so as to kill two birds with one stone.

24 To Leave or to Stay – My Choice o Graduation

1. 一些学生一毕业就想离开学校找工作

2．另外一些学生想留在学校进一步深造

3．我的想法

Some students want to leave college and find a job on graduation. Four years study has well prepared them for future career. It is time for them to make use of what they have learned in the real world. They can gain practical experience from their job. Of course, earning money is another motivation for their leaving. However, some other students choose to stay and pursue their further study in college. For one thing, they are keenly interested in their subject and university is a good place to do more research and study. For another, the development of society demands people have better qualifications. The higher degree one holds, the more competent one will become.

As to me, I belong to the second kind. I like my major and want to learn more. With several more years in university, I will be a better-educated person with surer control of myself and a better understanding of the world. Naturally, it will be easier foe me to find a more satisfactory job in the future.

25. Science: Good or Evil?

1. 有的人认为科学带来很多不良后果。所以应该停止科技研究

2. 科学给我们带来更多的好处

3. 科学本身并不环，关键在于如何利用

According to some people, we should turn away from the modern advanced science and technology and return to a simpler way of life. In their eyes, science has created innumerable problems, including environmental pollution and nuclear bombs threatening man?s survival, the shortage of fresh water and energy, and the disappearance of species. The argument sounds persuasive on the surface but it is quite the opposite.

Just think of the obvious benefit science ahs brought to us. For example, modern medical science has lengthened our lives and reduced the rate of infant death. Modern farming methods have provided enough food for us. What?s more, being free from the struggle for survival people can enjoy themselves better. Form the above discussion, we can conclude that some problems do not result form the science itself, but from its misusing. Fortunately, we have noticed the problems and are now making great efforts to solve them. We are confident that science will continue to benefit our life if only it is applied in the right way.

六、驳斥某个观点

26． If There Were No Advertisements

1．有的人认为广告完全没有必要

2． 有的人认为我们社会离不开广告

3．我的观点

Nowadays, advertisements can be found everywhere in a big city such as shanghai. They shout at us from the television screen and radio loudspeakers, wave to us from every page of the newspaper, signal to us from the roadside billboards all day and flash messages to us in colored lights all night.

Faced with a flood of advertisement, some people wonder whether it is necessary to have such huge sums spent on advertising. They often cite in illustration of it the attractive, but false and deceptive advertisements to which many consumers fall victim. They suggest that since advertising is an entirely unproductive industry and may even harm the customers? interest, why don?t we stop advertising and use the money to reduce the price of goods? It sounds like a good idea, but they fail to notice the contribution advertising makes to our society. Because the production of a better product to compete for customers? money is the goal of advertisers, customers are thus given a chance to compare their products and get the best and cheapest one. Besides, as the advertisement can provide people with a lot of immediate and detailed information as to the availability of a certain product, or a service or a job, it makes life much more convenient. And another thing we mustn?t forget: the fact that we pay so little for our daily newspapers and TV programs is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers.

Advertising performs such a useful service to our society that we can?t imagine what would happen if there were no advertisements.

27. Spare the Rod, Spoil the Child?

1.多年来，很多人尊崇“棍棒之下出孝子”的说法

2．我不赞成这种观点，害处很大

3．提出正确的教育孩子的方法和态度

We Chinese often hear the old saying that if a jade is not carved properly, it will not be a valuable ware. Similarly, if a child is not trained enough, he will not be a talent. Man has his weakness in humanity. If there are no pressures, need, desire, danger and benefit, man often lacks of the motive to advance. And we have a lot of genuine stories in history that if the parents exerted punishment to him, he will finally turned out to be an important figure.

But, is it really true that there are no other better methods in educating children than strictly punishing them? Absolutely no. there is no hiding that children indeed have their defects in their growth, but we can surely find a lot of more effective ways to help children to achieve their life goals. Remember the principle of educating a child is that you essentially hope that he will live a happy life because of you kind education. But if you force him to do something he hates, that will produce contrary results and surely be harmful to the whole family.

In a word, breed your children strictly, but exercise it kindly and scientifically using correct and kind methods rather than hurting them.

28. Once a Thief, Always a Thief?

1. Some people believe that once a person has committed some kind of crime, he will never be a respectable man.

2. Whereas I believe that…

3. Conclusion

“Watch him. Maybe he will steal something from you. He used to be a thief.” We often hear other talk about somebody like this. People often do not believe a person who has once been a thief. But one has once been a thief, one is always a thief?

Some people believe that once a person has committed some kind of crime, he will never be a respectable man. They think that the fact a person once has been a thief shows that he want to be a thief deep in his heart. His subconscious of being a thief will let him do wrong again and again. So they will never believe a person who was once a thief. They will always consider him a thief.

Whereas I believe that a person can become a good person, though he once has done wrong. Deep in a person?s heart, everybody wants to be a respectable man. It is the bad outside environment that causes him commit some kind of crime. So a good environment can also make him a good man. If we all treat him fairly, and show him the right way to do, every body can give up evil and return to good.

From this point of view, we should not consider a person that once has been a thief as thief forever. We should believe that he can return to good, and we should help him to do this. There is an old Chinese saying “It is the best of best that a person correct his own mistake.”

七、图表作文

29. Our Library

From the above table, it can be seen that the library in our school is a newly-built five-storey building, standing in the center of our campus. It has become the most attractive place to both the teachers and students ever since it was put into use.

According to the figures, the books collected in this library is over one million, which are stored in different floors. On the ground floor, more than 80 kinds of newspapers and 320 sorts of magazines and periodicals are on display. On the first floor, a great variety of reference books and dictionaries are for people to consult. Novel-lovers can go up to the second floor and choose their favorites from among 250,00 books on literature and arts. As many as 300,000 books on science and engineering are shelved on the third floor. Materials about social science and humanity are available on the forth floor.

Every body knows that we can acquire a lot from the library, not only about our majors, but about everything else we want to know. It plays a very important role in the college life. I love our library.