日记的正文是日记的主要部分,写在星期和日期的正下方,可以顶格写,也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载的内容通常已经发生,谓语动词多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况,用其它时态。如:记叙天气、描写景色,为了描写生动,可以使用现在时,以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。记日记力求简单明了,有连贯性。若有文字提示,则应重视提示,把握要点。在句式上尽量使用简单句,以防繁杂,造成语法、句型错误。
一、英文日记格式
英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况,如:Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Windy, Snowy, Cloudy等。
1.日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时,通常以月、日、年为顺序,月份可以缩写,日和年用逗号隔开。例如: December 18, 2003 或者 Dec. 18, 2003
A) September 1, 2004或September 1st, 2004也可省略写成Sept. 1, 2004或Sept. 1st, 2004;B)the 1st of September in 2004(月份不可以缩写)
B)只有月、日
September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写)
C)只有年、月
September 2004或the September of 2004(月份不可以缩写)
以上的1或1st都应读作the first。
2.星期也可以省略不写,可将其放在日期前或后,星期和日期之间不用标点,但要空一格,星期也可缩写。如:
Saturday, October 22nd, 2004;October 22nd, 2004 Saturday
3.天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如 :Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后,用逗号隔开,位于日记的右上角。如:
Saturday, March 4, 2004, Windy;1st January, 2004, Fine
1. 注意日期、星期和天气的书写位置。
日期和星期要写在正文的左上角,其顺序多是“星期 + 月、日、年”,也有把星期放在后面的,如“ 2003 年 11 月 22 日,星期一”可写为“ Monday November 22, 2003 或 November 22, 2003 Monday ”。
日记的第一行,要写明年、月、日与星期,然后要写明当天的气候状况,如果是游记,还要写明地点。
这一部分中天气状况比较难写。下面是一些常用的描写天气的英语词语:
晴 clear 阴 overcast 多云 cloudy 小雨 light rain
大雨 heavy rain 毛毛雨 drizzle 阵雨 shower
东风 east wind 南风 south wind 西风 west wind
北风 north wind 西南风 southwester 东南风 southeaster
东北风 northeaster 西北风 northwester
气温 temperature
炎热 scorching heat 寒冷 icy cold 下雪 snow
例文;
下面是一篇关于寒假的日记。
January 18, 2011 Friday Sunny
I am free now as I am spending my winter holiday.
Although we have some homework, we can finish them in several days. And the rest time we can make good use of. My god! We have been very tired after hard studying. In winter holidays, I want to have full sleep and eat good food in order to replenish myself. Last but not the least, I will have a good rest.
I have rested for a week. I began to feel bored. So I went out with my friends. They are my best friends in the middle school. We didn’t go to someplace special. We just saw the other. We had lunch together. While we were having lunch, we were still talking about the new school and new friends. Yes! A year later, we have grown riper. And we learned much more things and got new life. We haven’t enough time to play, to waste and to lose the way. We only have two years. Two years to go, we will get the real life which belongs to us.
第二篇:英语同步练习题考试题试卷教案七年级英语名词所有格的构成形式
名词所有格的构成形式
重庆市潼南柏梓中学校:郭飞
名词所有格表示“所属”关系,其意义相当于汉语中的“……的”,包括 “-’s”所有格和“of”所有格。其构成形式如下:
一.-’s所有格:-’s所有格主要用来表示有生命的东西的名词。-’s所有格的构成形式如下:
1.单数名词在词尾直接加“’s ”。 如:Kangkang’s father康康的父亲 Mary’s mother玛丽的妈妈 my brother’s car我弟弟的车
2.以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾只加“’”。如:the students’ book学生用书 the teachers’ office老师的办公室 the twins’ bags 双胞胎的书包
3不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“’s”。如:women’s bikes 女式自行车 Men’s shoes 男式鞋子 Children’s Day 儿童节
4以s结尾的专有名词的所有格,一般加“’”或加“’s”。如:James’ ( James’s) computer 詹姆斯的电脑 Dickens’ (Dickens’s) books 狄更斯的书 Engels’(Engels’s) works 恩格斯的著作
5.如果一样东西为两人或几人共同所共有,则在最后一个名词的词尾加“’s”;如果分别属各自所有时,则在各个名词词尾都加“’s”。 如:Jim and Kate’s house吉姆和凯特的家 Mr and Mrs Smiths’ son史密斯夫妇的儿子 Mike’s and Jack’s rooms 迈克的房间和杰克的房间
6.合成名词的所有格,在最后的一个名词的末尾加“’s”。如:my brother-in-law’s camera我姐夫的照相机 a day or two’s leave一两天的假 the editor-in-chief’s office总编辑室 someone else’s money别人的钱
7.表示时间、距离、重量、集体、世界、国家、城市等无生命的名词,也可用’s构成所有关系。如:today’s newspaper今天的报纸 twenty minutes’ walk二十分钟的路程 one pound’s weight1磅的重量 the world’s people世界人民 China’s population中国的人口 Chongqing’s industry重庆的工业
8.-’s所有格的省略式:在-’s所有格中,被修饰的名词,有时在下列场合可以省略。
(1)被修饰的名词出现在上文或下文,这时可以省略掉被修饰的名词,以避免重复。如:This shirt is Michael’s.这是迈克尔的衬衫。Jenny’s is a big house.珍妮的房子很大。
(2)被修饰的名词表示店铺、教堂、诊所或某人的住宅时,这一名词可以省略。如:I met her at the tailor’s (shop).我在裁缝店遇见了她. We visited St. Paul’s (cathedral) last year. 去年我们参观了圣保罗教堂。He’ll take me to the doctor’s tomorrow. 他明天要送我到医生的诊所。She went to her uncle’s (house) yesterday.她昨天到她的叔叔家去了。
二.of所有格:
1.of所有格主要用于表示无生命东西的名词的所有关系,通常用“of+名词”的形式。如:the door of the room房间的门 the factory of our school我们学校的工厂 the questions of the text课文的问题 the cover of the book书的封面
2.表示有生命的东西的名词,也可用of所有格表示所有关系,或者表示主谓关系、动宾关系、或事物的来源等。如:the death of Deng Xiaoping 邓小平的逝世 the arrival of the headmaster校长的到来 the laws of Newton牛顿定律
三.双重所有格:-’s所有格和of所有格结合在一起表示所有关系,叫做“双重所有格”。
1.双重所有格的形式
双重所有格一般有以下两种形式:
(1) of+名词所有格:如Ann is a friend of my sister’s.安是我妹妹的一位朋友。This is a new design of Mr White's.这是怀特先生的一项新设计。
(2)of+名词性物主代词:如Jane is a friend of mine.简是我的一位朋友。I borrowed a pen of yours.我借了你的一支钢笔。
2.双重所有格的特征:
(1)双重所有格所修饰的名词(即of之前的名词)通常和不定冠词a, an及any , some, no, few, several等表示数量的词连用,表示“其中之一”或“其中一部分”的意思,但不可以和定冠词the连用。如:This is a book of my mother’s.这是我母亲的一本书。Have you read any books of Lu Xun’s?你读过鲁讯的什么书?Some friends of my father’s have arrived.我父亲的几位朋友已经到了。
不能说:the novels of Lao She’s 或the play of Shakespeare’s(of之前的名词不可以和定冠词the连用)
(2)“ of+名词所有格”中的名词一般表示人,不能表示物;该名词必须是特指的,不能是泛指的,也不能与不定冠词连用。如:Bruce is a friend of the doctor’s.布鲁斯是这个大夫的一个朋友。These are some books of my brother’s.这些是弟弟的一些书。
不能说:a cover of the book’s a friend of a doctor’s
(3)双重所有格所修饰的名词和指示代词this, that , these, those连用时,往往表示爱憎、褒贬等感情色彩,这时并不表示“部分”的意思。如:That little daughter of hers is really a dear.她的那小女儿真逗人爱。These remarks of his are of a great value to us.他的这些话对我们来说很有帮助。
(4)在一定的场合中,英语名词的双重所有格和一般所有格,在意义上有很大的差别,有时甚至大相径庭。那么,到底如何确定是用双重所有格还是用一般所有格呢?这要依据句子的实际意义而定。如This is a photo of Lucy's.这是一张露西珍藏的照片。(照片属于露西所有)This is a photo of Lucy这是一张露西的照片。(照片上的人是露西本人)
此外,初中所学的“to”表示所属关系的特殊所有格的有:the answers to the questions (问题的答案),the key to the bike(自行车的钥匙),the way to the post office(去邮局的路),the entrance to the museum(博物馆入口处),a ticket to The Sound of Music一张《音乐之声》的票。
1. This is (Judy, Judy’s) pet kitten.
2. That is (Tom, Tom’s )new bike.
3. Is that (Suyen’s, Suyen) father?
4. That (girl’s, girl) dress is pretty.
5. Murong stepped on the (cat, cat’s) tail.
1. _____ shirt is dirty. ( Tom)
2. _______ handwriting is neat. ( My sister)
3. Those are ______ shoes. ( Rani)
4. Is that the _______ bag? (postman)
5. That is _____ handbag. ( Miss Tan)
6. That ______ uniform is smart.( policeman)
7. The fly was caught in the _____ web.(spider)
8. The thief stole the ______ purse.( woman)
9. An _______ claws are sharp.( eagle)
10. They are ________ brothers. (Sharon)
1. It isn’t Miss Li’s house. (Mr Hill) It’s _________________________
2. That isn’t Ben’s helmet. (Bill) It’s__________________________
3. This is my uncle’s coat. (my father) It isn’t ___________________
4. Is that your umbrella? (Lily ) No, it’s_______________________
5. Are those your toys? (Bobby) No, they are __________________
1. These are the ( boy’s , boy ) bags.
2. This is the (childrens’. Children’s) dog.
3. Teacher is marking the (pupil’s. pupils’) books.
4. (Dog’s, Dogs’) feet are also called paws.
5. The (soldier’s, soldiers’) boots are well polished.
1. They are going to their ________ home.(grandparents)
2. The _________ shoes are behind the door.( boy)
3. This shop sells _________ clothes only. ( men)
4. Those are my ______ cars. ( friends)
5. We are cleaning the _______ stables. (horses)
6. Do you know where this _______ handbag is ? ( lady)
7. Many of my ________ houses were robbed. ( neighbours)
8. The ________ uniforms are red. ( player)
9. These are the __________ toys. ( children)
1. This is Meilissas dog.. ______________________________
2. Peters pencils are in the box. ______________________
3. The Puppys collar has a mane tag on it.___________________
4. The childrens bags are in the bus._______________
5. Those are Johns marbles, not Tom. ___________________