专八改错
改错主要考查：1.语法2.词汇的搭配与用法3.对篇章结构（句子间逻辑关系）
八大类错误：1.短语搭配错误；2.易混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。
总结《华研·专八人文知识与改错》和《星火·专八改错满分突破60篇》两本练习册中近100篇改错题的，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。
（注意：带—>的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有正确错误之分）
1.短语搭配错误 （大部分为介词错误）
carry/get with things –> carry/get on with things
to let alone –> let alone in return to –> in return for the need of –> the need for substitute A with B –> substitute A for B
account 70% --> account for 70% under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/that attitude on life –> attitude towards/to life
in a quick speed –> at a quick speed
with many respects –> in many respects
at the face of –> in the face(s) of considerations to… –> considerations for…
become victims of … --> become victims to …
ride in a train –> ride on a train
the problems with the government –> the problems for the government
resistive against –> resistive to resistance of –> resistance to embark sth –> embark on sth with the belief that –> in the belief that
at advance of sth –> in advance of sth
interpret… to –> interpret… as in line to –> in line with to varing degrees –> in varing degrees
take pride of –> take pride in leap out to me –> leap out at me inject them lethal strains –> inject them with lethal strains
–> charge him the same price imbalance of A and B –> imbalance between A and B
shortage of protein with them –> shartage of protein among them fortify sb for sth –> fortify sb against sth (加强…以抵御…) shed light to sth –> shed light on sth
in proportion with –> in proportion to
pay for it with dollars –> pay for it in dollars
be in liberty to –> be at liberty to begin at doing –> begin with doing be contrasted to –> be contrasted with
commit an offence to –> commit an offence against
modern time –> modern times ability of (doing) sth –> ability in (doing) sth
defend sth against –> defend sth from
at the first place –> in the first place
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pay money in doing –> pay money for doing
take to do –> take to doing (―求助于，开始‖，to为介词) yearn to –> yearn for at average –> on average identify oneself to –> identify oneself with
be successful on doing –> be successful at/in doing
get one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋头做，认真做) the action of formation –> the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)
approach to do … –> approach to doing …
one contributor of –> one contributor to
consumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goods
on one’s 30s –> in one’s 30s balk to –> balk at (回避，绕过) differ A from B –> distinguish A from B
suit to sb/sth –> suit for sb/sth vary by – vary with emphasis of – emphasis on 2.易混词错误 (1)形近异义词
imaginative – imaginary adapt – adopt
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confirm – conform former – formal diary – dairy personal – personnel beside – besides principal – principle intelligent – intelligible conscious – conscientious stationary – stationery considerate – considerable affect(影响) – effect(致使、达成) contact – contract moral – morale industrious – industrial desert – dessert
require – acquire – inquire presence – presentation sensible – sensitive
transformation – transmission value – evaluate tense – tension anything – something cooker – cook
complexity(复杂性) – complex(合成体)
insurance – assurance
provide(提供) –
provided/providing(假设，如果) perceive – conceive
effective(有效的) – affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)
(2)形近(形异)近义词 latter – later
late(迟的，已故的) – latest(最晚的，最新的)
farther(距离更远) – further(程度更进一步)
healthy(健康的) – healthful(有益健康的)
effective – efficient
continual(连续的) – continuous(持续不断的)
respectable – respectful historic – historical rise – arise – raise – arouse sure – insure – ensure – assure in return to – in response to opposite – opposition producing – productive lonely – alone across – cross
impressed -- impressive permit(n.通行证) – permission relating – related memorizing – memorable
normal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) – norm(规范,行为标准) favorite – favorable acceptability – acceptance
economical – economic few – little a few – few little – a little invent – discover before – ago another – other
agent(代理人) – agency(代理机构) reward(回馈) – award(奖赏) special – specific
(3)兼有两种形式的副词
firstly – first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上―第一次、首次‖)
hardly(几乎不) – hard(努力地) sure – surely late – lately
clear(完全地、径直地) – clearly(显然、清楚地)
high(高度高地) – highly(程度高地、非常)
close(接近地、紧密地) – closely(紧密地、严密地)
most(最) – most(大部分) (4)反义词 with – without possible – impossible subjective – objective import – export
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better – worse employee – employer employment – unemployment modifiable – unmodifiable natural – unnatural discernable – indiscernable lent – borrowed exclusive – inclusive independency – dependency willing – unwilling
nothing more than – nothing less than
agree – disagree
rarely – frequently / often specific – general
less – more (still more– still less) most – least known – unknown
respective – irrespective
(irrespective of表示―不管…‖) majority – minority result in – result from fortunately -- unfortunately powerful – powerless easiness – uneasiness professional – amateur aware – unaware include – exclude
(5) 名词单复数异义
moral – morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示―道德、伦理‖)
collection(不可数名词表示―各种因素集合体‖) – collections(可数名词表示―收藏品‖)
manner(方法,方式) – manners(礼仪,礼节)
saving – savings(复数表示―存款‖) specie(硬币) – species(种类)（species只有单数）
mean(n.平均值) – means(方法)
(6) 易混短语
live with(同…一起生活,忍受) – live by(靠…过活)
go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) – go around(四处走动,绕道走) tend to – intend to
in next week(以当下时间为基准点) – in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)
spend… in doing sth – spend… on sth
die of(内部) – die from(外部) rather than – other than have sb do sth – have sth done take on(从事，开始对付，呈现) – go on(继续)
take place – take the place of consist in(在于) – consist of(包括) in all(总共) – after all(毕竟) in return(作为报答) – in turn(反过来，轮流)
one reason for +短语 – one reason why +句子
bring out(使显露，使显现) – bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)
be worth doing – be worthwhile to do
react to(对…作出反应) – react with(以…作出反应)
apply… to(将…应用于) – apply for(请求，申请)
3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）
therefore – nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然) and – but / while or – and but – because moreover – however after – before since – although
there is no…– there is also… that – if
from now on – from then on all – none besides – yet if – unless besides – except therefore – because so – because
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so does he… – neither/nor does he…
that’s why +结果 – that’s because +原因 as if – even if whether – if
4.代词错误（一致错误）
their – its
that – those (需要特别注意) which – that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that) which – what
it – itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)
that/this – it (只有it可作形式主语) his – one’s (泛指时用one) you – yourself it – they this – such
XX is less sophisticated than what they are today – XX is less
sophisticated than they are today 5.冠词错误 (1)定冠词多余
on the either side –> on either side in the Europe –> inEurope in the winter –> in winter (季节前不加定冠词)
Kaufman, the/an author of a
recent book – Kaufman, author of
a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)
take the issue –> take issue(对…持异议，不同意)
(2)定冠词缺漏
among most –> among the most one of first –> one of the first
atmosphere –> the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace） between us and rest –> between us and the rest
in minority –> in the minority around floor –> around the floor piano –> the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)
English language –> the English language
at heart of –> at the heart of world –> the world(表示―地球‖这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词) in long run –> in the long run
(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用 illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)
注意以下短语的区别 in church – in the church at college – at the college in court – in the court
in hospital – in the hospital in office – in the office in prison – in the prison at sea – at the sea in school – in the school at table – at the table
6.形容词与副词使用错误 have been currently –> current be well equipped as –> be as well equipped as
heavy industrialized –> heavily-industrialized spread colossal –> spread colossally
similar strong –> similarly strong keep the number constantly at X a year –> keep number constant at X a year
feel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwarted
comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion (quakes) start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earth in the passed 5 years –> in the past 5 years
culture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudes as much as –> as often as from one meter afar –> from one meter away
increasing –> increasingly
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simple –> simply pure –> purely much –> many many –> more large –> larger early –> earlier
7.成分残缺多余(单复数)
a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get… shows –> that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)
take for granted that –> take it for grated that 1980 –1980s
one of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring forms their jobs engage in their interest –> their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示―占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）‖) complain about sth –> complain sth
work sth –> work out sth believe in –believe (believe单独使用表示一般的―相信‖，believe in表示―信任某人，信仰…‖) point sth –> point out sth 20 percents –> 20 percent eyes contact –> eye contact seven – seventh
the process which it function –> the process by which it function
communication service –>
communications service (通信服务、通讯服务)
average incomes –> average income (income为不可数名词) the like of –> the likes of(诸如此类的)
be referred to XX –> be referred to as XX
be viewed as work of are –> be viewed as a work of art(work作为―作品‖讲时，为可数名词)
8.时态或语态错误
went – go agreeing – agreed consisted – consisting bored – boring favoring – favored
if she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)
involves – involving will – would (虚拟语气中) delaying – delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)
the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)
assure – assures (第三人称单数) have – has (要看清句子真正的主语)
developing – developed confronting – confronted
the least understanding –> the least understood
what the have told – what they have been told
if circumstances become favorable – if circumstances should become favorable
一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。另外，要将语法词汇错误和语篇错误区别开来，语法词汇掌握较好，并不代表改错能做好，还要在文章理解上下功夫（有的改错文章其实比较难），应先通读全文，然后再一行一行地去识别错误所在，这样一些很隐蔽的语篇错误就能显现出来。不要一上来就开始找错误，边找错边读文章，这样的结果往往是，一些词汇错误都能找到，但做完后不知所云，好多语篇错误也没有看出来。
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