⑥ give up 放弃;交出,让出;认输
(回归课本P13)And here are some ideas to help people to give up smoking.
这儿有一些帮助人们戒烟的方法。
give away分发;放弃;泄露
give back归还;恢复
give forth发出(气味、声音等);发表
give in屈服;让步;同意
give off发出(蒸汽、光等)
give out分发,发出(气味、热等);发表,用完,耗尽;精疲力竭
【归纳总结】
①When Ed left ,she gave up hope of ever marrying.
埃德离开时,她彻底放弃了结婚的希望。
②In the crowded bus ,the young people gave up their seats to the old people.
在拥挤的公共汽车上,年轻人把座位让给老年人。
③The doctor told him to give up smoking and drinking.
医生要他戒烟戒酒。
④She has never given up her secrets to others.
她从不把秘密透露给别人。
【例句探源】
10.We haven’t heard from her for long,so we give her________for dead.
A.out B.in
C.up D.away
解析:选C。give out“用完,用尽”;give in“让步,投降”;give up“放弃,不抱希望”;give away“泄露,分发”。由句意可知,此处指“对她不抱任何希望”,故答案为C。
【即境活用】
11.He pretended to be a German,but his Swedish accent gave himself________.
A.away B.up
C.off D.out
解析:选A。考查give的固定短语。句意:他假装是德国人,但他的瑞典口音使他暴露了。“暴露”应用give away。give up指“放弃”;give off 指“放出,发出”;give out指“发出,分发”。 句型梳理
①【教材原句】 Now I work in a centre for drug addicts,helping others to stop taking drugs.(P13) 现在,我在一个戒毒中心工作,帮助其他吸毒者戒毒。
【句法分析】 本句中的helping others to stop taking drugs是形式在句子中作状语,表示方式或伴随情况。
①The little girl stood there,crying for milk.
这个小女孩站在那儿,哭着要牛奶喝。
②He worked late into the night,preparing an important report.
他工作到深夜,在准备一个重要的报告。
③The teacher stood at the entrance,blocking the children’s way.
老师站在入口处,挡住了孩子们的路。
12.(高考四川卷)The lawyer listened with full attention,________to miss any point.
A.not trying B.trying not
C.to try not D.not to try
解析:选B。句意:这名律师全神贯注地听,尽力不错过任何要点。本题考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。不定式作状语时和前面的部分如用逗号隔开,表示意想不到的或事与愿违的结果,不定式前通常加only或never,所以动词不定式在结构和题意上都不符合本题的要求,D项被排除;A、C两项结构错误,也被排除。
【即境活用】
13.(高考重庆卷) The news shocked the public,________to great concern about students’ safety at school.
A.having led B.led
C.leading D.to lead
解析:选C。句意:这条新闻使广大民众感到很震惊,引起了人们对在校学生安全的担忧。考查非谓语动词作结果状语。首先排除B和D两项; having done指动作先于谓语动词发生,在此不符合语境,故只能选择C。
② 【教材原句】 Whatever you’re doing when you want to smoke—do something else!(P19) 无论你在做什么,当你想抽烟时,做点别的事吧!
【句法分析】 考查whatever的用法。(1)引导让步状语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语,其含
义相当于no matter what,意为“无论,不管”,其位置可在主句前,也可在主句后。
(2)引导名词性从句(宾语从句或主语从句),可看作是what的强调说法,其含义相当于anything that 或all that,whatever在句中起双重作用,既起先行词与关系代词的作用,又在从句中作主语、宾语等。
(3)however/whenever/wherever只引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter how/when/where引导的从句。
(4)whoever/whichever同whatever一样,既能引导状语从句也能引导名词性从句。
①Whatever he did,his parents supported him.
=No matter what he did,his parents supported him.
不管他做什么,他父母都支持他。
②I don’t believe whatever he said.
我不相信他说的一切。
③I’ll take whatever help I can get.
任何帮助我都接受。
14.(高考浙江卷)—How about camping this weekend,just for a change?
—OK,________you want.
A.whichever B.however
C.whatever D.whoever
解析:选C。句意:“这个周末我们换一下去野营怎么样啊?”“好的。你想做什么就做什么。”答语为省略句式,全句应为:OK,whatever you want to do.whichever 不论哪个;however无论怎样;whatever无论什么,不管什么;whoever不论是谁。
【即境活用】
15.The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ________the season.
A.whatever B.wherever
C.whenever D.however
解析:选A。句意:无论什么季节,这位律师除了一套西装以外,很少穿其他的(衣服)。whatever引导让步状语从句,whatever the season即whatever the season is。wherever无论什么地方;whenever无论什么时候;however无论怎样,均不符合语境要求。