读《母亲》有感

高尔基早年丧父，寄居在经营小染坊的外祖父家，11岁开始独立谋生，其童年和少年时代是在旧社会的底层度过的，正因为这种艰辛的童年生活，让他更加独立，坚强，这种不平凡的经历孕育了他著名的自传体三部曲——《童年》、《在人间》和《我的大学》。

巴威尔的母亲长得很高，稍微有点驼背，是一副被长期劳作和丈夫殴打所折磨坏了的身体，行动起来毫无声响，总是稍稍侧着身子走路，仿若总是担心会撞着什么似的。宽宽的、椭圆形的，刻满了皱纹而且有点浮肿的脸上，有一双工人区大部分女人所共有的不安而哀愁的暗淡无光的眼睛。右眉上面有一块很深的伤痕，所以眉毛略微有点往上吊，看过去好像右耳比左耳略高一点，这给她的面孔添上了一种小心谛听动静的神态。在又黑又浓的头发里面，已经闪耀出一绺绺的白发了，她整个人都显露着悲哀与柔顺。

《母亲》是很好的体裁，不仅是我们这些学生的经典写作，也是著作家的好写的体裁，主要反映了在旧社会旧时期的工人的痛苦生活，但这种反映并不是一般其他作者所反映的一样，这也是它与其它描述工人生活的根本区别，它第一次深刻地反映了马克思主义政党所领导的工人阶级的革命斗争，反映了工人运动从自发到自觉的历史阶段。

人民的冲突，人民的反抗，一切都成了高尔基的素材，对低产阶级的同情，对无耻的黑暗社会的唾弃，黑暗社会的不公平，将母亲的伟大显得无比高大。小说历史地具体地描写了无产阶级革命时期的典型性格和典型环境：用社会主义思想武装的自觉的工人和党领导下蓬勃开展的工人运动，日益觉醒的农民和农村的革命形势。它具有现实主义作品特有的具体性和逼真性。同时，它又是革命浪漫主义的作品，这不仅表现为预见未来，展示通向未来的道路，而且表现在作者处处从未来的高度反映现实。在《母亲》中，高尔基表达对人性的赞美！

在那个黑暗社会里，高尔基发掘了母性的伟大，将母亲的正面人物方面达到了新的高峰，他站在无产阶级思想的高度，大胆地进行创新，终于塑造了巴维尔英雄形象，非常高大，使工农英雄人物进入文学领域。《母亲》显示了高尔基对英雄的称赞。巴维尔在成长过程中可以充分地从他的语言方面改变了，他参加革命以前语汇贫乏，句子简单，语气粗暴；参加革命后讲话愈来愈明确中肯，政治用语日益占重要地位。他最后在法庭上的演说更是具有启发群众觉悟、激动人心的巨大力量。

在母亲身上，她给巴维尔的启示，鼓励，生动地揭示了母亲丰富的内心世界，还使作品中的事件和其他人物具有浓厚的浪漫主义色彩，增强了作品的感染力。

最让我印象深刻的是尼洛夫娜的母爱。她的母爱有一个很大的提高和发展的过程。最初，她的母爱同一般劳动妇女的母爱没有什么区别。经过一系列事件的教育，她的思想达到了新的境界，她坚信儿子真理在握，必然胜利。因此，她在散发儿子的演说稿时才能表现得那样镇静和勇敢。尼洛夫娜的母爱之所以那样崇高和伟大，就是因为她跟儿子以及他的同志们已经是“志同道合的同志”。 每天，在郊外工人区的上空，在充满煤烟和油臭的空气里，当工厂的汽笛震颤着吼叫起来的时候，那些在睡梦中还没有得以使疲劳的筋骨完全恢复的人们，满脸阴郁的，就好像受惊的蟑螂似的，从那些简陋矮小的灰色房子里走到街上。这里形象生动地描述了工人阶级的贫寒，辛苦。

每天工人们的生活过得很艰辛，在寒冷的微光里，他们沿着没有铺砌的道路，朝着工厂中那一座座高大的鸟笼般的石头房子走去。在那儿，工厂正睁开几十只油腻的四方眼睛，照亮泥泞的道路，摆出一副冷漠自信的样子等着他们。泥泞的路在脚下扑哧扑哧地响着，时不时发出嘶哑的说梦话似的喊叫声，粗野的叫骂恶狠狠地撕碎了凌晨的天空，然而，对于他们，扑面而来的却是另一种声响——机器笨重的轰隆声和蒸气的怒吼。高高的黑色烟囱，就像一根很粗大的手杖耸立在城郊的上空，那颤动的样子，阴沉而肃然。沉闷的环境，亲冷的人际关系，粗鲁的包租公……这一切形成了一幅阴森森的工厂画面。

巴威尔的母亲不会强迫儿子，又有一次巴威尔看禁书被母亲发现，巴威尔对母亲说：“请你想一想，咱们过得是什么日子？妈妈你已经四十岁了——难道过过一天好日子吗？爸爸时常打你——我现在才明白，爸爸是在你身上发泄他的痛苦，他生活中的痛苦。这种痛苦压在他的背上，可爸爸却不知道，这种痛苦到底是从什么地方来的。爸爸做了三十年的工，从工厂只有两栋厂房的时候就进厂干活了，现在，都已经有七栋厂房了！”这种语重心长的谈话透露了巴威尔长期以来的压抑。

她听着他的话觉得可怕，但还是贪婪地听着，儿子的眼睛漂亮而明快地放着光芒。他把胸口抵住桌子，靠近他的母亲，直望着她满脸的泪水，第一次说出了他所理解的真理。他用青年人的全部力量，用那种因为有了知识而自豪的、神圣地信仰着知识真理的学生的热情，说出了他明了的一切——他这些话与其说是说给母亲听，倒不如说是想对自身作一番考查。有时候，想不出合适的话，他住了嘴，在自己面前，他看见了那张悲哀的脸，脸上那对饱含泪水的眼睛闪出昏暗的光。

这就是19世纪90年代的生活，痛苦无助。她的眼睛含着恐怖和惶惑。巴威尔可怜起母亲来，他重新开始说话，但是这次谈的却是关于母亲自身，关于母亲的生活了。

母亲尼洛芙娜长得很高，稍稍有占驼背，她那被长时期劳动和丈夫殴打损坏了身体，行动起来一点声响也没有，而且老是侧着身子走路。她是一个胆怯的，老是提心吊胆的妇女。她看到儿子这副样子，暗暗地在巴掌上面流着眼泪。

宪兵用拳头来阻止母亲的演讲。并且殴打她。母亲用手抓住了门框，两脚硬撑在地上，高声地喊道：“复活了的心，是不会被杀死的！”“真理是用血的海洋也不能扑来的！”“诸位，团结起来！”

母亲被捕了，这里让我最感动，母亲是伟大的！她至死也相信儿子是最正义的，为了儿子死也是应该的。

这篇高尔基写的《母亲》以平常的心写了世上最平凡的人却也是最伟大的人，那就是母亲，通过母亲写了在沙皇时期工人阶级与上级之间的斗争，革命。巴维尔接受马克思主义，团结、教育广大群众，一起进行了摧毁旧世界的斗争，成为出色的无产阶级革命家。特别是通过过去怯懦、在痛苦生活中逆来顺受的尼洛芙娜走上革命的道路，坚强了被统治阶级的心理。

她尽力压住自己内心的恐惧，不像平常那样侧着身子走路，而是胸脯向前倾着朝直走。——这使得她的身形增加了一种滑稽的、似乎装出来的威严。她的脚步放得很重，但是眉毛还在那里颤抖??假如禁书被查出，儿子巴威尔将被带走，这个家庭将会陷入困境，母亲和巴威尔并排站在墙壁旁边，她学着儿子的姿式，也把双手交叉在胸前，也盯着军官。她膝部以下都在发抖，干燥的云雾遮住了她的眼睛，这一切都体现了她的恐惧。

军官用他那又白又长的细手指，飞快地抓起书籍，翻了几页，抖了一抖，于是巧妙地运用着他的手把它掷到一边。书籍往往软绵绵地滑落在地板上。大家都默不作声，可以听见满身是汗的宪兵沉重的喘息，马刺锵锵地响，有时发出低低的问话，这是在打心理战术。

世界上的一切光荣和骄傲，都来自母亲。——高尔基

母亲是伟大的。

我想我之所以会被这篇文章感动，还因为作者那美妙的抒情笔调和绚烂、独特的修辞方法。描写人物，是那样的鲜活精细；描写草原风光，是那样的清新脱俗；在人物性格的刻划上，是那样的富于传奇色彩，整篇文章写的细腻感人，尤其是母亲愿意为儿子死那一段，我看了好几遍，又觉得其实不必这样，情况也不会变得这么恶劣，这么悲惨。

为了真理，在不管周围的世界是多么黑暗，生活是多么艰难，也不管世界多么黑暗，高尔基始终没有丧失对人民的信心。在描写中高尔基表现了自己对被侵略下的同情，不悲不具，只为描写最真实的工人阶级为幸福的追求。《母亲》记录了广大革命群众的反抗事实，反映了全体工人阶级的坚韧不屈的性格和特殊精神力量，给我们树立了榜样。

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第二篇：英文读后感--简爱读书报告

Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte

(Book Report)

As we all know, Jane Eyre was Charlotte Bronte’s representative works .It was also a milestone works in English literature.After I was published in 1847, it arouse a blow to English litrature.Although it had caused some critics ,it also received popularity among the public. Charlotte Bronte was born in Yorkshire, England on April 21, 1816. Charlotte’s father was a poor pastor in her hometown, and her mother was a quite housewife. She was the third of the children. Her two sisters, Emily and Anne, were also the famous authors. So they were commonly called “the three sisters of Bronte” on literature history in England. When Charlotte was very young , Charlotte’s mother died of cancer. Because of her father’s tiny incomes, she lived a hard and unfortunate life when she was young . but soon her sisters and her were sent to Cowan Bridge, a school which her health and physical development was permanently affected Because of the outbreak of tuberculosis, Charlotte was brought home, and then Charlotte read a lot of books in her father’s book-room and began to try to writ something creatively on the literature. When she was fifteen years old, she left her hometown and returned to school for study .And then several years later, she became a teacher at the school. Then She left the school and become a private governess , and at the same time, wrote some literatures. Due to the deaths of her sisters, left her feeling dejected and emotionally isolated. In 1855, she died of pneumonia, while pregnant..Jane Eyre was not her first book but her first published masterpiece. 我们都知道,《简爱》是夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表性作品。这同样是一个里程碑作品在英国文学。我是在1847年出版后,它引起了英语litrature打击。虽然它引起了一些批评家,它还获得了公众的流行。夏洛蒂·勃朗特出生在约克郡,英格兰在1816年4月21日。夏洛特的父亲是一位可怜的牧师在她家乡,她的母亲是一个相当的家庭主妇。她是第三个孩子。她的两个姐姐,埃米莉和安妮,是著名的作家。所以他们一般都被称为“勃朗特三姐妹的”在英国文学史上。当夏洛特非常年幼的时候,夏绿蒂的母亲死于癌症。因为她的父亲的微小的收入,她过着艰苦的生活,她年轻时不幸。但很快她的姐妹和她文桥被送到一所学校体育发展自己的健康和永久的影响,因为突发的肺结核,夏绿蒂被送回了家,然后夏洛特读了很多书在她父亲的book-room并开始试着去写一些创造性的文献。她15岁时,她离开了她的家乡,回到学校学习。然后几年后,她成为了一名老师在学校。然后她离开学校,成为一个私人家教,与此同时,写了一些文献。由于死亡她的姐妹,离开她沮丧的感觉和情感上的孤立。1855年,她死于肺炎,在怀孕期间。《简爱》是她的第一本书,但她不是第一次出版的杰作。

Jane Eyre told us the story that Jane Eyre was raised by her cruel, wealthy aunt, Mrs. Reed. Her uncle had passed away. At Lowood, Jane met a young girl named Helen Burns who shared a lot with her and became her best friend. A massive typhus

epidemic sweeps Lowood, and Helen died of it.. After a group of more sympathetic gentlemen takes Brocklehurst’s place,.Jane spends eight more years at Lowood, six as a student and two as a teacher. Then She accepts a governess position at a manor

called Thornfieldwhich’s employer is a dark, impassioned man named Rochester, Jane found herself falling in love with him. On the wedding day , Jane found that Rochester already had a wife, Bertha . Rochester does not deny this, but he explains that Bertha had been already mad. Knowing that it is impossible for her to be with Rochester, Jane left Thornfield sadly.Without food and money, Jane was forced to sleep outdoors and beg for food. At last, three kind hearted people took her in. Their names are Mary, Diana, and St. John and Jane quickly became friends with them. They found Jane a job teaching at a school in Morton. One day a news said that her uncle, John Eyre, has died and left her a large roperty. Then she found that her uncle was also their uncle.Jane immediately decides to share her property with her three new cousins.St. John decided to travel to India, and he asked Jane as his wife. She refused to marry her cousin because she did not love him at all. Finally she found the man who she really loved so much was Rochester.Jane immediately went back to Thornfield and found that it hadbeen burned to the ground by his mad wife who lost her life in the fire. Rochester saved the servants but lost his eyesight and one of his hands.At Ferndean, Rochester and Jane finally got married. At the end of the story, Rochester regained sight in one eye and was able to behold their first son at his birth. Then they lived a happy life forever. 《简爱》告诉我们这样一个故事,把她《简爱》是残酷的,富有的阿姨,里德夫人。她的叔叔就去世了。罗沃德,简遇到了一位年轻的女孩叫海伦烧伤很多,有时是和她一起,成为她最好的朋友。一个巨大的伤寒疫情扫罗沃德,海伦死于它. .一组的先生们需要更多的同情心布罗克赫斯特先生的地方。简花了八年多的劳渥德、六作为一名学生和两个当老师。然后她接受老师的位置被称为Thornfieldwhich庄园的雇主是一个黑暗,充满激情的人,名叫罗切斯特,简发现自己爱上了他。举行婚礼的那一天,简发现罗切斯特已经有一个妻子,柏莎。罗彻斯特并不否认这一点,但他解释道,贝莎已经疯了。知道它是无法与罗彻斯特,简离开桑菲尔德悲伤。没有食物和钱,简被迫睡在户外,并乞求食物。最后,三个善良人收留了她,他们的名字是玛丽,戴安娜,摩根很快就成了朋友约翰和简。他们发现简工作在一个学校教学莫顿。一天,一个消息说她的叔叔,约翰·爱,已经去世了,留给她一个大roperty。然后她发现她的叔叔也被他们的叔叔。简立即决定分享她和她的三个新cousins.St财产。约翰决定前往印度,他问简给他为妻。她拒绝嫁给她的表亲,因为她不喜欢他。她终于找到了她真正爱的人那么多是罗彻斯特。简立即回到桑菲尔德,发现它hadbeen烧毁他疯了妻子失去了自己的生活在火中焚烧。罗切斯特救了他的仆人和一但失去视力他手所作的。在Ferndean,罗彻斯特和简终于结婚了。在故事的结尾,罗切斯特恢复了一只眼睛视力,而且也能看见他们第一个孩子在他的诞生。

然后他们过上了幸福美满的生活,直到永远。

After reading the novel,the image in the story may catch our attention. For instance,the fire image appeared in the story for dozens of times in different chapters.But no matter where it was put, it had symbolic meanings in some chapters, It was the symbol of warmth and happiness ,while in other place it was the symbol of humanity and friendship, sometimes it even represented de

strutive power. In the story, the fire image impressed us a lot while reading it,we could say fire is a symbol of human civilization and forcus of the social and family life.Thus, fire plays an important role in the frame of the novel. At the ,fire was the symbol of warmth and happy family life . Jane Eyre who was a strongwilled woman, tried her best to fight for her own happiness and love as well as freedom,for example “Now,let me leave you an instant to make a good fire?” , in this sentance we can see that rochester saw the magic power of “fire” in love ang this became a critical element to promote their .Thus, life was impartable from the fire,once the fire died out,the would be disappearing.

Fire existed everywhere in this great novel ,when Jane and Helen were invited to dinner by Mr.Temple,the fire also plyed an important role as Janeeager to win the friendship of the others and it could make her felt warm and comfortable.Trough reading the novel ,it was easy to know that the love between Jane and Rochester was not smooth because true love should stand the test of fire .Facing Rochester’s prpose,Jane on the top of the sky and it seemed that her spirit was lifted.But this feeling just last a short period of time as the news that Rochester had got a wife almost drove Jane mad.The fire of love was set up but put out .But the fire set up again years later as the love between them had never fade away. 读完这本小说,镜子里的影像故事可以吸引我们的注意力。例如,火形象出现在故事数十次在不同的章节。但是不管它被放到哪里,它在某些章节的象征意义,它是温暖和幸福的象征,而在其他地方是人类和友谊的象征,有时它甚至代表destrutive力量。在故事中,火形象给我们留下了非常好的印象在阅读时,我们会说火是人类文明的标记和forcus社会和家庭生活。因此,火中发挥了重要作用框架的小说。在发生火灾时的温暖和幸福的象征家庭生活。《简爱》是正反的女人,尽其所能地去争取自己的幸福和爱以及自由,例如“现在,让我给你一个瞬间成为一个好火焚烧吗?”,在这个出来,我们可以看出,罗切斯特见的强大魔力的“火”这成了爱和关键要素,来促进他们。因此,生命是impartable从火里,火就熄了一次,就会消失。

火在这个伟大的小说处处存在,当简和海伦被邀请去晚餐Mr.Temple,火也plyed重要角色的友谊Janeeager赢得别人,它能让她感到温暖和舒适。槽读这部小说时,很容易知道简和罗彻斯特之间的爱是不顺利,因为真爱应该站在烈火的考验。面对罗切斯特的prpose,简放在最上面的天空,看来她的精神是解除。但是这种感觉就在很短的一段时间,因为该消息,罗切斯特娶了一个妻子几乎使简疯了。爱情之火成立但熄灭。但又放火年后他们之间的爱从来没有消失。

People always the beautiful aspect of the fire ,but they never knew that fire was a terrible thing . It bring us happinessbut it also could give us disaster.In the novel,Rochester’mad wife set s fire and lost her life .Rochester also lost his property and eyesight in order to save her wife’life.That is to say .this fire destroyed life ,fortune and health.

In all, we an see that fire had two opposite aspects.On the one hand ,it made the world warm ,harmonious,wonderful. But on the other hand , it can destroy life ,fortune and health. In addition, Jane’s personality fire, she was kind hearted and sentimental and she also had character. Thus , it was this kind of “fire” that made her independent nd happy again. It was easy to see that throughout

the story. Jane Eyre behaved strong-minded enough to her love and brave enough to seek her own independence. These are all the reflections of fire in her deep heart. Though lived in a cruel society and suffered from abuse, she never gave up, because the fire was always on in her heart which prevented her from giving into the convention.

At last,to be frank, Jane’s ideal life is the reflection of the Charlotte Bronte’s thoughts. Maybe we can say that Charlotte uses this great novels to express her feelings on the contemporary society.

人们总是美丽的方面之火,但他们从不知道火是一件可怕的事情。它能给我们带来happinessbut也可能给我们带来灾难。在小说中,罗切斯特'mad妻子设置年代火,失去了自己的生活。罗彻斯特也失去了他的财产和视力为了救妻子'life。也就是说。该大火摧毁了生命、财富和健康。

在所有,我们看到火两种截然相反的方面。一方面,它使世界温馨、和谐,太棒了。但另一方面,它能摧毁生命、财富和健康。此外,简的人格火,她是善良的,伤感的,她也有性格。因此,它是这种"火",使她独立日重新快乐起来。很容易看出整个故事。《简爱》表现能够固执到她的爱和足够的勇气去寻找自己的独立性。这些都是反射火在他的心里。虽然住在一个残酷的社会和遭受虐待,她从不放弃,因为火心里总是给成而她的影响力。

最后,坦率地说,简的理想的生活是反射的夏洛蒂·勃朗特的思想。也许我们可以说,夏洛特使用这个伟大的小说来传达她的感觉,对当代社会。