20xx年度第二学期高二英语期中考试 2015.4
命题人：马霄燕 审题人：徐欣幸
I. Listening Comprehension (20%)
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A garage boss. B. A park doorman. C. A police officer. D. A car salesman.
2. A. To go shopping. B. To take a flight. C. To dine out. D. To repair a car.
3. A. 8:00. B. 7:40. C. 7:20. D. 8:20.
4. A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Frightened. D. Disappointed.
5. A. Jack. B. John. C. David. D. Johnson.
6. A. On the street. B. In a department store.
C. At the police station. D. In the woman’s house.
7. A. He is talking with someone else. B. He is on the phone.
C. He is in the middle of a trip. D. He is busy now.
8. A. The man is very busy. B. The man doesn’t like seeing movies.
C. The man is pretending to be busy. D. The man doesn’t like the woman.
9. A. To join in the discussion. B. To have the door open.
C. To have the door closed. D. To sleep without being disturbed.
10. A. He is good at human revolution. B. He likes music a lot.
C. He loves nature a lot. D. He is a great scientist.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. His performance at school. B. How much housework he does.
C. Whether his family is rich or poor. D. Whether he has a part-time job.
12. A. Kids can have enough money and don’t want to study.
B. Part-time jobs take kids away from studies.
C. Teachers disagree with the idea.
D. kids make bad friends, which will affect their studies.
13. A. Poor study grades. B. Irregular working hours.
C. Drugs and alcohol. D. Safety.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. 6.2330. B. 6.3203. C. 6.3230. D. 6.0333.
15. A. Denmark. B. Sweden. C. Italy. D. India.
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16. A. It was raining heavily at night.
B. It was too late at night and the driver couldn’t see clearly.
C. The train was running in a wrong direction.
D. The truck driver wanted to cross the block and drove too quickly.
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
II. Grammar and vocabulary (26%)
Section A
Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
(A)
South Korea's leading cosmetic surgery industry association has officially declared a 50-year-old Chinese woman brain dead following a surgery in Seoul last Tuesday. The Association of Plastic Surgeons says the woman's heart suddenly stopped 25______(beat) and she suffered brain death during a procedure at a small clinic in the busy Gangnam District.
The woman 26. ________(send) to the nearby Samsung Seoul Hospital immediately but she didn't regain consciousness until Friday. The clinic has been accused of conducting cosmetic surgeries against the country's health law.
Jo Soo-young, member of the Association of Plastic Surgeons, says such private clinics,
27. ________ any medical licenses, are usually operated by businessmen instead of professional doctors.
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"Such kinds of hospitals 28. ________(operate) by businessmen are set up to make money. Compared with safety and health, money is 29. ________ (important) for them. They will always try to get money by any means."
Jo says fewer than 2,000 surgeons are officially registered in South Korea.
However, 30. _________ number of cosmetic surgeons in the market is 10 times more than that.
South Korea 31. __________(develop) a fame for cosmetic surgeries, and has seen more and more Chinese people rushing to the country for procedures.
But some intermediary agents in China are said 32. _________(introduce) many people to illegal clinics for higher benefits.
(B)
Color has long been used to create feelings of comfort or spaciousness. However,
33.________ people are affected by different color stimuli varies from person to person.
Blue is the top choice for 35% of Americans, followed by green (16%), purple (10%) and red (9%).
A preference for blue and green may be due to a preference for certain habitats 34. ________ were beneficial in the ancestral（祖辈的） environment.
There is evidence that color preference may depend on the temperature around. 35. ________ who are cold prefer warm colors like red and yellow 36. ________ people who are hot prefer cool colors like blue and green.
Some research has concluded that women and men respectively prefer "warm" and "cool" colors.
A few studies have shown that cultural background has a strong influence on color preference. These studies have shown that people from the same region regardless of race 37. _______(have) the same color preferences. Also, one region 38. _________ have different preferences than another region (i.e., a different country or a different area of the same country), regardless of race.
Some studies find that color can affect mood. However, these studies do not agree on precisely which moods are brought out by which colors.
A study by psychologist Andrew J. Elliot tested to see 39._________ the color of a person's clothing could make them appear more sexually appealing. He found that to men, women dressed in the color red were significantly more likely to attract romantic attention than women in any other color. However, for women, the color of one's shirt made no difference in their level of attractiveness.
40. ________cross-cultural differences regarding what different colors meant, there were cross-cultural similarities regarding what emotional states people associated with different colors in one study. For example, the color red was considered as strong and active.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A practical joke is “practical” because it consists of someone doing something physical, in contrast to a verbal or written joke.
A practical joke recalled as his favorite by the playwright Charles MacArthur, 41.________ the American painter and bohemian(波西米亚) character Waldo Peirce. While living in Paris in the 1920s, Peirce "made a gift of a very big turtle to the woman who was the concierge(看门人) of his building". The woman took good care of it. A few days later Peirce 42.________ a somewhat larger turtle for the original one. This continued for some time, with larger and larger turtles
43. ________ introduced into the woman's apartment. The concierge was happy and displayed her
44. ________ turtle to the entire neighborhood. Peirce then began to sneak in and replace the turtle with 45. ________ ones, to her sadness.
Modern and successful pranks(恶作剧) often take advantage of the 46. ________ of tools and techniques. In Canada, engineering students have a reputation for annual pranks; at the University of British Columbia these usually 47. _________leaving a Volkswagen beetle（甲壳虫车） in a(n) unexpected location (such as 48. ________ from the Golden Gate Bridge and the Lions Gate Bridge). A(n) 49. ________ prank was undertaken by engineering students at Cambridge University, England, where an Austin 7 car was put on top of the Senate House building. Pranks can also adapt to the political context of the era. Students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) are particularly known for their "hacks".
Like the Stone Louse（石头虱子）of Germany, in the American West the jackalope(鹿角兔) has become an institutionalized practical joke played on tourists, most of whom have never heard of the decades-old 50._________.
III. Reading Comprehension (27%)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When someone smiles, a glum (闷闷不乐的) mood is lifted. But change the cast of a smile, and the consequences ___51____. Understanding the nuances (细微差别) helps ensure that you send and receive the right _____52.____ of mouth. Here are some interesting insights about this familiar gesture.
* Outer Smile, Inner Darkness
____53___, a smile can express contempt (蔑视). Bullies may want others to see their smiles and ___54____ their evil intention. The result is a conscious disconnect between outward expression and inner feelings. Other times, the disconnect may be unconscious—the result of ____55____ negative feelings. A person may have heard as a child that angry feelings should never be expressed, so sometimes the indication of anger is covered with ____56___.
* Don’t Believe It
Liars don’t smile more than truth tellers, a recent study confirmed. ___57____, they do display more manufactured smiles. They use these ___58____ to divert others from the fact that they’re lying. One ___59____: liars have to make up a lie on the spot when they have no time to
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prepare their story. They tended to display spontaneous (不由自主的) embarrassed smiles, which suggests discomfort with their attempt to fake someone out.
* The ____60___ Divide
Studies reveal that women smile significantly more than men do, especially in their late teens and as young adults. Also, men are less likely to ___61____ a smile, especially when another guy smiles to him. But there are times when smiling is the best way to convey masculinity (男子气概). When men smile under threat or laugh at fear, they are showing that everything is __62____. * The Most Powerful Expression
Even a fleeting (一闪即逝的) smile has the capacity to make people see things around them in a more ___63____ light. Boring material becomes more interesting, some foods even taste better. ___64____, these expressions are contagious (传染的): in one study, when participants were exposed to these smiles, even though they couldn’t remember seeing them, their own faces ___65____ what they “saw.”
51. A. follow B. arise C. shift D. remain
52. A. report B. notice C. reply D. message
53. A. Ironically B. Negatively C. Frankly D. Similarly
54. A. restore B. realize C. overlook D. make
55. A. coming across B. taking away C. putting aside D. giving away
56. A. quarrels B. shouts C. cries D. smiles
57. A. Otherwise B. However C. Thus D. Moreover
58. A. expressions B. lies C. facts D. suggestions
59. A. example B. exception C. illustration D. signal
60. A. Age B. Sex C. Height D. Weight
61. A. force B. return C. maintain D. face
62. A. out of fashion B. to the point C. under control D. at hand
63. A. positive B. difficult C. curious D. general
64. A. On the whole B. For example C. In conclusion D. What’s more
65. A. changed B. examined C. hid D. mirrored
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred (神圣的) moment of life
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is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others --- and even themselves --- to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
66. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings.
67. According to Paragraph 2, creators ______.
A. seem willing to experience failures in life
B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. handle only failures of life creatively
D. have potential to create something new
68. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life.
B. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.
C. Strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims.
D. One’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
69. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
(B)
As anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realistic goal-setting generally produces the best results. That's partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.
What's far less understood by scientists, however, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting.
Newspapers relay daily accounts of goal-setting popular in industries and businesses up and down both Wall Street and Main Street , yet there has been surprisingly little research on how the long-trumpeted practice of setting goals may have contributed to the current economic crisis , and immoral behavior in general.
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“Goals are widely used and promoted as having really beneficial effects. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in immoral behaviors,” says Maurice Schweitzer, an associate professor at Penn’s Wharton School.
“It turns out there’s no economic benefit to just having a goal-you just get a psychological benefit” Schweitzer says. “But in many cases, goals have economic rewards that make them more powerful.”
A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial stimulus to motivate salesmen to meet specific income goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not profitable.
Other studies have shown that burdening employees with unrealistic goals can force them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case in the early 1990s when Sears imposed a sales quota (定额) on its auto repair staff. It caused employees to overcharge for work and to complete unnecessary repairs on a companywide basis.
Schweitzer admits his research goes against a very large body of literature that compliments the many benefits of goal-setting. Advocates of the practice have taken issue with his team’s use of such evidence as news accounts to support his conclusion that goal-setting is widely over-prescribed.
In a rebuttal paper, Dr. Edwin Locke writes:“Goal-setting is not going away. Organizations cannot thrive without being focused on their desired end results any more than an individual can thrive without goals to provide a sense of purpose.”
But Schweitzer argues the “mounting causal evidence” linking goal-setting and harmful behavior should be studied to help spotlight issues that merit caution and further investigation. “Even a few negative effects could be so large that they outweigh many positive effects,” he says. “Goal-setting does help coordinate and motivate people. My idea would be to combine that with careful oversight, a strong organizational culture, and make sure the goals that you use are going to be constructive and not significantly harm the organization,” Schweitzer says.
70. What message does the author try to convey about goal-setting?
A. Its role has been largely underestimated.
B. Its negative effects have long been neglected.
C. The goals most people set are unrealistic.
D. The goal increases people’s work efficiency.
71. How did Sears’ goal-setting affect its employees in paragraph 7?
A. They were obliged to work more hours to increase their sales.
B. They resorted to immoral practice to meet their sales quota.
C. They competed with one another to attract more customers.
D. They improved their customer service on a companywide basis.
72. What do advocates of goal-setting think of Schweitzer’s research?
A. It exaggerates the side effects of goal-setting.
B. It agrees with the existing literature on the subject.
C. Its conclusion is not based on solid scientific evidence.
D. Its findings are not of much practical value.
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73. What is Schweitzer’s argument against Edwin Locke?
A. Goal-setting has become too deep-rooted in corporate culture.
B. The link between goal-setting and harmful behavior deserves further study.
C. Studying goal-setting can throw more light on successful business practices.
D. The positive effects of goal-setting outweigh its negative effects.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
The Sioux people(苏人，美国印第安人), who once lived throughout the Great Plains from Iowa to Montana, are famous for the triangular, portable homes, called tepees, in which they lived, and for their talents as horse riders and buffalo hunters. Less familiar, perhaps, is their literature. These stories were altered in each retelling as they were passed down from parents to children. The stories dealt with the Sioux’s environment and its birds and animals, geography, and weather. Recurring characters included Unktomi, a mischievous spider whose appearance generally foretold misfortune. Corn, a basic part of the Sioux diet for more than 1,000 years, was another popular subject for legends.
According to tradition, corn was introduced in the Sioux world by way of a hermit, a medicine man who lived a solitary existence in the forest distant from Sioux villages. Irritated by nightly visitations from some mysterious being, the hermit finally shot an arrow into the dark. The next morning, he discovered kernels(籽) scattered on the ground outside, and when he dug down into the earth at the trail’s end, he discovered leather sacks filled with dried meat and cherries—and the precious corn.
Corn was so valuable to the Sioux that not a kernel was to be wasted. Legend told of a woman who, having harvested the corn, was leaving the cornfield when an anguished and persistent voice pleaded for her attention. The woman searched diligently for the speaker and eventually located one tiny ear of corn that was hidden underneath some leaves. Another Sioux legend held that the appearance of the corn reflected the character of the person who planted it. Cornstalks growing in straight lines and producing large ears of full of kernels were evidence that an individual was truthful and diligent. An ear containing a few kernels separated by empty spaces was an indication that the individual would live to be so old that her teeth would be few and far between. Finally, a cornstalk on which many small ears sprouted from the base of a large one symbolized a large and respectable family.
Among the Sioux people, corn agriculture was the responsibility of the women, from the sorting an germination(使发芽) of the seed to the preparation of the ground. After transplanting four sprouts into each mound of dirt, they offered prayers to the Great Spirit for blessings on their work and for the balance of summer sunshine and rain needed for a plentiful harvest.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
74. The Sioux people are well-known for ____________________.
75. According to the passage, who brought the corn to the Sioux people?
76. Cornstalks growing in straight lines, filled with large ears, were said to indicate the
individual’s __________________.
77. Why is corn so important in the Sioux legends?
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IV. Translation (17%)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 政府制定了大量的政策，旨在吸引更多的人才来上海工作。(aim) 4%
2. 复习时，我们要把重点放在曾经犯过的错误上，而不是做更多的练习。(emphasis) 4%
3. 狄更斯(Dickens)小说中人物的经历不仅耐人寻味，而且有时会让人联想到现实生活。 (Not only…) 4%
4. 新学期刚开始时老师来家访，母亲碰巧出去了，这件事让我很尴尬。（happen） 5%
V. Composition (10%)
Directions: Write an English composition in about 120 to 150 words according to the instructions given below.
请简要描述图片并发表自己的看法。
弯弯的月亮a crescent moon 圆圆的月亮 a full moon
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