1.Mass Media-Advertising
? Positives of advertising:
? Companies need to tell customers about their products and sevices. ? Advertisements inform us about the choices we have.
? The advertising industry employs many people.
? Advertisements are often funny, artistic or thought-provoking.
? Negatives of advertising:
? Advertisers aim to convince us that buying things leads to happiness. ? We are persuaded to follow the latest trends and fashions.
? Children can be easily influenced by advertisements.
? They put pressure on their parents by pestering or nagging.
? Opinions of advertising:
? Advertising should be regulated by governments.
? Advertisements that target children should be banned.
? Packaging for junk food should display clear health warnings.
? Overall, advertising is necessary but it needs to be controlled.
Mass Media-TV
? Positives of television
? Watching television is a good way to relax.
? It is many people’s favorite way to wind down after a hard day at work. ? Television programs can be entertaining and enjoyable.
? Viewers have access to a huge variety of entertainment channels.
? Television brings the best comedians, musicians and actors into our homes. ? Programmers can also be informative and educational.
? News coverage makes the public aware of events around the world. ? Documentaries can make learning more interesting.
? Negatives of Television
? Television is having a negative impact on society.
? Some people link violence on television with crimes rates in the real world. ? Children copy the behavior they see on the screen.
? Children are less healthy because they spend less time playing.
? Advertisers direct their marketing at children.
? Most programs do not require much thought.
? Watching TV is a waste of time.
Mass Media + Technology—Internet
? Positives of the Internet
? There are many advantages to using the Internet.
? It gives us instant access to information on almost any subject.
? Shops and other services are now available online.
? People can buy goods and services from the comfort of their homes. ? The Internet is starting to replace other forms of entertainment. ? It has revolutionized communication.
? We can keep in touch by email or instant messenger services.
? Video messaging is becoming common for business meetings.
? Negatives of the Internet
? Many websites contain offensive content.
? Some sites slow violent or sexual images.
? Parents find it difficult to control what their children see online.
? They do not always know who their children are chatting to .
? With so many websites it is difficult to search for good information. ? Criminals increasingly us the Internet to steal people’s money.
? Internet compared to newspaper and books
? Newspapers and books are now published online as well as in print. ? We can read the news in any language from any country in the world. ? It costs nothing to publish or access information on the Internet. ? The Internet allows anybody to publish their own writing.
? Newspaper articles and books are witten by professionals.
? Professionals produce better quality writing than amateur.
? People still buy newspapers and books because they are portable. ? People do not like reading from a screen.
Mass Media-Mobile Phone
? Positives of Mobile Phones
? The mobile phone is the most popular gadget in today’s world.
? Mobile phones have revolutionized the way we communicate.
? We can stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are. ? Users can send text messages, surf the Internet, take photos and listen to music.
? Mobile have also become fashion accessories.
? Negatives of Mobile Phones
? Mobiles phones can be a problem in some public places.
? Ringing phones cause disturbance in cinemas and school lessons. ? Some people are not aware that others can hear their conversations. ? Mobile phones may also interfere with electronic equipment.
? Their waves could cause damage to our brains.
? Mobile phones can also be a dangerous distraction.
? Using a phone while driving reduces the driver’s concentration.
? Mobile phones are a popular target for thieves.
? Opinion about Mobile Phones
? The benefits of mobile phones outweigh the drawbacks.
? We need to use these phones with care.
剑桥8 Test 2 p.54
2.Work/Job/Career
? The benefits of staying in the same job for life
? Employees have a stable career with one employer
? They have a good pension and health insurance
? Their salaries gradually increase
? They may be promoted within the organization
? They demonstrate loyalty
? Experienced staff can be trusted with more responsibility
? They become part of a team
? There is a clearly defined path for development
? The benefits of not staying in the same job
? People often change jobs in order to further their career
? Another company may offer a promotion or a higher salary ? People who change jobs can gain experience
? They can learn different skills
? Changing jobs is interesting and challenging
? People can retrain in a different occupation
? In a fast-changing world workers need to be flexible
? People need to develop a range of experience and skills
? Self-employment
? Nowadays, it is easy to set up a company
? The Internet provides a global marketplace
? Self-employment offers greater freedom than working for a company ? However, there are risks to starting a new business
? Self-employed people may face financial difficulties
? Many businesses fail to make a profit
? There is less stability in self-employment
? There are no benefits like pensions, sick pay and holiday pay
? Self-employment involved hard work, long hours and total responsibility ? Unemployment benefits: positives
? Some governments pay unemployment benefits in order to help jobless
people
? Unemployed people need financial support until they find a new job ? By claiming benefits they can continue to pay for their homes
? The benfits system helps to reduce poverty, homelessness and crime ? Unemployment benefits: negatives
? They become dependent on government
? They are not motivated to find a job
? The benefits system is a burden on taxpayers
? All citizens should work to earn a living and support themselves
? Receiving benefits affects people’s self esteem
? Work /Life/Balance
? It is important to achieve a balance between work time and leisure or family
time
? Too much work can result in stress and poor friends
? People need to take regular holidays
? Companies should not expect employees to work overtime
? Nowadays, many people work part-time or have flexible working hours ? Technology allow people to work from home
? Many companies provide childcare facilities
? A good work work/life balance can raise job satisfaction
? Happy, healthy workers are more productive
? Technology and work
? Internet, fax and mobile phone technologies have revolutionized working life ? Workers can communicate via e-mail, online networks and video
conferencing
? Technology can connect workers in different countries
? It gives people more freedom
? It can also save time and money
? Some people believe that offices could disappear in the future
? Virtual online offices may replace them
? Child labour
? In some countries, children are exploited
? They do repetitive jobs for very low pay
? Children are often used in agriculture and factory work
? The employment of children is prohibited in other countries
? Many people think that children should be free to enjoy their childhood ? Government should make education a priority
? They should build new schools
? They should supply the resources to educate children
? Children need to be given the knowledge and skills for adult life