初中英语教案范例 Unit 1

Where’s your pen pal from?

Language goal

1.Function:

. In this unit students learn to talk about where people are from.

2.Vocabulary:

Canada ,France, Japan the United States, Australia, Singapore, The United Kingdom, China

3.Target language:

Where is your pen pal from? /she is from Canada.

Where does she live? /She lives in Toronto.

What language does she speak? /She speaks English and French.

4.Structures

Where questions /What questions

Key Points

Where questions /What questions

Difficulties

The names of different countries /The languages of different countries /The differences of “be” and “do” in the sentence.

Section A

1a. This activity provides guided listening and

pronunciation practice using the target language.

1.Point to the numbered list of words. Play the recording the first time. Students only listen.

2.Play the recoding a second time. Ask Ss to repeat the names of the countries

3.Let Ss read the new words aloud individually or in pairs. 1b. This activity provides listening practice using the target language.

1.Point out the list of countries in 1a. Let Ss circle the names of the countries the people are talking about.

2.Play the recording the first time.

3.Play the recording a second time. Ss only listen.

4.Check the answers. (Canada, Australia, Japan, Singapore) 1c. This activity provides guided oral practice using the target language.

1. Point out the conversations in the picture and ask a student to read each one with you, then in pairs, in groups.

2. Ask various pairs to present a new one to the class.

2a. This activity provides reading and spelling practice using the target language.

1. Point out the list of countries. Read and ask Ss to repeat.

2. Point out the list of cities. Read and ask Ss to repeat aloud.

3. Ask Ss to work, offer help as needed.

4. Correct the work.

2b. This activity provides listening practice using the target language.

1. Call attention to the list of cities and countries in 2a. Let Ss circle them when they hear the conversations at the first time.

2. Play the recording a second time.

3. Check the answers.(Japan, Tokyo ,France ,Paris, Australia, Sydney)

2c. This activity provides listening and writing practice using the target language.

1. Call attention to the chart in 2c. Play the first conversation on the tape.

2. Play the recording again and have Ss fill in the chart.

3. Check the answers.

2d. This activity provides guided oral practice using the target language.

1. Call attention to the conversation in the picture.

2. Ask two Ss to read it to the class.

3. Ask Ss to work in small groups. Appoint a leader. Make sure everyone talks about at least one of the people on the chart.

4. Ask pairs of Ss to present their conversations to the class. Grammar focus

1.Review the grammar box. Ask Ss to say the questions and answers.

1) Where is your pen pal from? He is from Australia.

2.Where does he live? He lives in Sydney.

2. Ask Ss to make more sentences with “where, from. and live

3a. This activity provides reading and spelling practice .

1. Point out the diagram and explain how it works.

2. Read the instructions to the class. Ask Ss to work in pairs.

3. Correct the answers.(1.China 2.The United States ,The United Kingdom, Australia,3.Singapore)

3b. This activity provides guided oral practice.

1. Call attention to the conversation in the picture. Ask two Ss to read it to the class. Answer their questions about the conversation.

2. Ask Ss to work in pairs.

3. Ask several students to perform their conversations for the class.

4. This activity provides listening, speaking, reading and writing practice

1. Explain the procedure.

2. Play the game.

Section B

1.This activity provides reading practice

1. Point out the language textbooks on the desktop.

2. Call attention to the notebook page with the countries listed.

3. Point out the sample answer .

4. Ask Ss to write the letter of the correct country in the box next to the title of each language book., ask Ss to work in pairs.

5. Ask a student to write his or her answers on the board. 2a. This activity provides listening practice.

1. Call attention to the conversation bubbles in the picture.

2. Play the recording, number each question you bear on the tape.

3. Play the recording a second time.

4. Check the answers.(Answers: What’s her name?1 /Where is she from?2 /Does she have any brothers and sister? 3 /Does she speak English?)

2b. This activity provides listening and writing practice.

1. Call attention to the numbered questions in 2a,ask different Ss to read it

2. Point out the answer blanks in 2b and the sample answer.

3. Play the tape and ask Ss to complete the answers individually.

4. Correct the answers.

2c. This activity provides oral practice

1. Ask each student to work with a partner. Ask and answer

2. Practice one or two exchanges with a student. Then work in pairs.

3. Ask a pair of Ss to perform the conversation for the class. 3a. This activity provides reading and writing practice.

1. Call attention to the letter. Read it to the class or a student to read it for you.

2. Point to the four questions beneath the letter.

3. As Ss work, move around .and help them.

4. When they are finished, ask the questions orally and ask Ss to answers.

5. Write the correct answers on the board so that Ss can check the spelling and other details of their

answers.(1.Toronto,Canada,2.A pen pal in China 3.English and a little French. 4.He likes going to the movies with his friends and playing sports. )

3b. This activity provides reading and writing practice.

1. Call attention to the letter from Tom King.

2. Point out the blanks in the letter. Ask them to find the information to complete the letter .

3. Read the letter to the class saying “blank”.

4. Ask Ss to write the missing words on the blank lines individually.

5. Correct the answers.

3c. This activity provides open-ended practice.

Ask Ss to make their own information card and then write an email about themselves. Tell them to use 3b as an example.

第二篇：初中英语总复习第三轮教案

中考英语总复习第三轮教案

一、2012资阳市中考英语题型

1. 听力的测试

听力考点所涉及内容面较宽，如：事件，运动，对话及活动的场所，时间，日期，交通式，价格，电话号码，食品，人物关系，方位，推理等。第Ⅱ卷的

听力记录是听力题中难度大，学生失分率高的题目。要反复的要求学生（每空最多填写三个单词）

听力记录

? 09年英语学习建议

? 10年学校郊游通知

? 11年语言学习节目的信息

2.单项选择

单项选择涉及名词、冠词、数词、代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词、疑问词、感叹词、从句引导词、从句、交际用语。其中对动词及动词短语的考查占的比例较大。不再单纯考语法，设置了语景，更灵活。

3.完形填空

完形填空涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、不定代词等。测试考生对英语语法、词汇知识和较为简单表达形式的掌握情况。要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的句子、短文或对话意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。学生在文章的整体把握上有一定难度。

4.阅读理解

本部分共20个小题，测试考生阅读理解书面英语的能力。要求考生根据所提供的4篇短文的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。考试的方向主要有细节理解、推测主旨，大意，结果、猜词义、选最佳标题、文章体裁等。

5. 选词填空

本部分共10个小题，测试考生根据上下文准确运用词汇的能力。要求考生从题中提供的单词中选择适当的单词并以其适当形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确。此题是学生认为难度最大的题型之一。

6. 任务型阅读

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本部分共5个小题，测试考生理解书面英语并准确转换信息的能力。要求考生根据短文内容完成表格。要反复给学生强调，每空最多填写三个单词。

7. 书面表达

本部分共1个小题，测试考生的书面表达能力。要求考生根据所给情景，用英语写一篇60个单词左右的短文。提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。

二、20xx年中考英语试卷分析

资阳市中考英语试卷以资阳市中考英语学科考试说明的要求进行命制，整套试题为六类题型（听力、单选、完形、阅读理解、选词填空、书面表达）满分为120分。今年中考试卷命题思路清晰，试题导向明确。试卷难度适中，较好的体现了教改的方向，强调了交际功能。试卷选材新颖广泛，贴近生活，篇章符合学生的认知水平，是一份上乘的好卷。全面考查了学生初中阶段的英语学习水平，归纳如下：

一、试卷特点：

1、注意基础，体现活用

试题注重考查学生在一定语境下对语言基础知识的掌握情况和综合运用英语的能力。语言基础知识的考查重点突出，覆盖面广。避免了纯知识性的死记硬背。词汇和语法的测试充分注意了语言的真实、趣味性和实践性。把语言知识的考查中心放到了一定的语境中，通过设置不同的语境，使语法富有积极、现实的意义，体现出语言的交际功能。

2、题型稳定，结构合理，难易适中

既考查了学生对英语基础知识的掌握情况，又体现了中考的选拨功能。

试题难易有梯度，循序渐进，由易到难，所有试题不偏不怪，避免了繁、难试题，对初中英语教学有较好的正导向作用。

二、各题型具体情况

1、听力部分

听力20个小题，包括15个选择题和5个听对话填词。主要考查学生对英语口语材料的理解能力以及从口语材料中获取有效信息的能力。考查的能力主要包括理解、归纳、概括材料主旨大意，对对话之间的关系做出简单判断，以及记录相关的信息等方面的内容。语速适中，总体难度不大。

2、单项选择

15道单项选择题主要考查了学生是否具有扎实的词法和句法基础知识外，还考查学生是否有善于通过语境来分析、判断、归纳和筛选信息。分别考查了学生对名词、数词、冠词、动词、介词、形容词、代词七个词类的掌握情况，句子的时态和语态，以及定语从句、宾语从句和并列句的用法。语法点侧重考查在具体语境中的运用，但都是常见的交际运用，比较简单。

3、完形填空

今年的完形填空是一篇富有哲理的故事。文章内容浅易，使学生阅读后深受故事所含的哲理启迪，既考查了语言知识的运用，又渗透了思想教育，体现了测试与生活的和谐统一。整体难度不大。

①更多 意义填空取代语法填空，充分体现了“突出语篇”的命题思路。考查学生对文 2

章整体理解上、下文的衔接以及逻辑思维判断的能力。

②选项设计十分规范，选择项以实词为主，并考虑词性的覆盖面，保证四个选项形式与词性的一致，并从多个角度，多个层次构成干扰。考查了对词汇意义、惯用法、各种语法规则等的理解运用能力以及对生活常识的推理和判断能力。

3、阅读理解

阅读理解一向被看作是中考拿高分的决定因素。题材广泛多样，文章新颖，实用贴近生活。充满时代气息，并富有趣味性和知识性。阅读理解的考点考查学生运用所学知识进行迅速捕捉信息和具体细节的能力；考查了学生面对生词，如何根据上下文和词义关系进行猜测的能力；考查了学生精心阅读，排除干扰，推理分析，归纳总结的能力。A、B、C三篇较简单，D篇相对难度要大点。

4、任务型阅读

题目设计非常巧妙，每一道题都需要学生动脑筋思考。要求学生在理解全文的基础上，获取有效信息，并对获取的信息进行归纳总结，句法分析，提纳挈领后才能填空，完成句子。对学生的理解、归纳和总结的能力提出了较高的要求，也是分数拉开差距的一道大题。

5、选词填空

把需要选择的词 放 在框内，解题时根据各小题意思的需要选择合适词，然后根据语法的需要，斟酌用何种词性兼顾何种词形。主要考查学生综合运用知识的能力以及对各处词及不同形式的掌握情况。今年是考的九年级课本上的原文，大大降低了难度。

6、书面表达

书面表达是中考考题中最能拉开差距的题型。主要考查学生全面运用英语词汇、句型以及语法知识的能力。给出了具体的要点对大多数学生来说应该能写出来。

三、考生存在的问题

1、听力部分的听力理解

①常见单词拼写错误，如：Saturday写成Saterday

②大小写不分March写成march或乱加定冠词，写成the March

③根本听不懂，尤其是68、70小题

2、选词填空

71．误用problems 主谓一致理解不清

72．误用uglg uglier 单词误写，粗心大意，乱用比较级

73．误用teacher或用teacheres 误用teaches 单复数不清，词性不清楚

74．①feel写成felt或feeling→时态掌握差与fall, fell, fallen混淆

②错写成fell

75．误用all both与all用法不清楚

76．误用allowed 不定式to do结构未掌握，乱用时态

77．误写成form

78．误用long或longly 形容司比较 级 错用成原级 或加ly

79．误用have, win have, have been 乱用时态，未弄懂时态标志词last summer

80．误写成beacause或用because of未弄懂because与because of的区别

3、任务型阅读

81．①找不到正确内容 ②写成Mother’s day专用名词 书写不规范

③乱加冠词， The/A mother’s Day

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82．Pass a law 时态不正确，句中明显有In 1914

83．①plan(special) activity 名词单复数未掌握 ②缺少动词plan 不按要求填

84．正确率较高

85．Help mothers 文中是help mothers who are poor 缺定语poor，考生对细节的

理解掌握不到位

4、书面表达

①审题不清，遗漏信息点，不能表达出完整的意思

②中文式表达随处可见

如：I decide test after go to England

I test over need relax

③宾语从句中语序不对

I don’t know where should I go

④主谓搭配不当: I is Li Hua

⑤冠词乱用：the England

⑥时态和结构都乱用：I will going to??when I finished??

⑦单词乱写习语，固定搭配不当：Plan going??Ying Gelan, where to visit

四、教学反思

1、教学要紧扣教材。中考试题并无偏、难、怪题出现。因此，教学一定要以教材为本，做到以不变应万变，任何时候都要狠抓基础教学。如每单元的“Grammar Focus”既是重点，又是核心的教学内容。

2、平时重视词汇教学。对该掌握的词一定要音、形（拼写）义、词等全面掌握。

3、要注重名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词等词性变化。把动词中的时态、语态和宾语从句作为重中之重 来教。复习、巩固、提高直至灵活运用于书面表达中。

4、写作一向是学生们的薄弱项目，因此针对写作进行专项训练很重要。书面表达在训练时要由易到难，由表及里。教师应从字—词—句—意群—段落—篇章。对学生进行循序渐进，逐步提高。随时收集学生的表达错误，及时帮助学生纠正错误。每周至少布置一篇命题作文，对于优秀范文，教师应及时评讲，以激发学生的写作兴趣，只有持之以恒、学生的写作能力才会逐渐提高。

三、各个题型的解题技巧和方法。

I、 初中英语中考听力归类复习

每年中考，不少学生总感到有些遗憾，特别是听力方面，总是要错那么两、三个，而导致得不到满分。到底是什么原因造成的呢？

一方面，主要是因为他们平时练习听力太少了。二则是，书店里针对学生弱点和难点的听力练习题又不多。第三呢？很多学生反映：考试时，很多句子都是听清楚了，就是不知道选哪一个？这是什么原因造成的呢？根据本人多年的教学经验，这就是很多人都忽视了的2个问题——听力方法和英语语法问题。

下面先简单谈谈听力技巧，然后将我整理的针对中考听力的训练题听力技巧

1、全神贯注，聚精会神

很多人都有个感受，听力一晃记过。稍微不留神，听力材料就过了。还在后悔时，下一道题又开始了。因此，做听力题时，务必要排除一切干扰因素，聚精会神才行。万一前一道题没做起，就要敢于舍弃，专心做下一道题。

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2、勤于动笔，记录重要信息

很多同学认为听力题就是听，不用动笔。其实不然，在听的时候，尽可能的记录下一些重要信息，用英语、汉语、甚至符号都行，只要自己看得懂都可，便于对信息进行分析特别是推算。比如，我们中考题第二大题中每年都有涉及到数字的题，往往都不是一步到位的，很多同学就出错在此，留下遗憾。

如果你养成了勤于动笔的习惯，就多了一些信息帮助你分析，可以避免少出错误了。

3、合理利用间隔时间

听力两个小题之间一般有12秒钟，最好这样分配。用4秒钟对上一道题进行分析得出答案，用8秒来看下一道题，迅速确定听的重心，把握好听的重点，以助有效地提高下一道题的准确性。

4、牢记检查

很多同学以为听力题做完就无法检查了，就急急忙忙的去做笔试题了。其实不然。做完听力之后，你应该做好这几个事。首先，检查有没有误填的。就是本来想的是填写A，结果却写成了B。然后检查有没有当时没听清楚，又慌到做下一道题去了，导致什么答案度没有填写的。你可以大胆的进行猜测，千万别留空，碰碰运气也好。有的本身就是错的，比如：No, I did. 像这样的选项你就可以大胆地排除，进行更有把握的推测。

将听力检查完毕后，才安安心心地去做笔试，何乐而不为呢？

一、掌握常考的应答语，并注意摸索其规律

对于听力的第一大题：情景反应（听一遍。根据你所听到的句子，选出你所听到的句子的答语。）很多同学都反映说：上句听得很清楚，就是有的题拿不准，不知道选哪个为好。其实，这是因为有些语法知识没有掌握。

根据多年该题的特点，根据的需要，我罗列了常见的句组，并注明了应该注意的地方，希望对同学们特别是英语欲得高分者有帮助。

1、----How are you? -----(I?m) fine. thank you.（thanks）

注：询问身体，常用Fine作答。

2、----Thank you! -----You are welcome./ It?s a(my ) pleasure./Don?t mention it./

That?s all right. / /That?s OK. / Not at all.

注意：务必牢记You are welcome./ It?s a (my )pleasure。/Don?t mention it.常用作致谢的答语。后三者既可以作为致谢的答语，也可以作为致歉的答语。

3、-----I?m sorry. ------It doesn?t matter./ Never mind./That?s all right.

/ That?s OK. / Not at all.

注意：务必牢记It doesn?t matter./ Never mind.常用作致歉的答语。后三者既可以作为致谢的答语，也可以作为致歉的答语。

4、----Hello! ---Hello!

----Hi! ---Hi！

----How do you do? ----How do you do?

----Nice to meet you! ----Nice to meet you,too! /Me, too.

----Good morning（afternoon, evening! ）

---- Good morning（afternoon, evening! ）

注：表示问候方面的答语多数与上句相同

5、----See you (soon. later)! ----See you(soon.later)!

----Good night! ----Good night!

----Good –bye. -----Good bye.(Bye-bye)

注：表示告别方面的答语多数与上句相同.

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6、-----Good luck ！ -----Thank you/Thanks !

-----Best wishes! ----- Thank you/Thanks !

-----Have a good time! ----- Thank you/Thanks !

-----Congratulations! ----- Thank you/Thanks !

----Happy birthday! ------Thank you/Thanks !

注：获得别人的祝愿和祝贺，常致谢。

7、----Happy New Year! -----The same to you!

-----Merry Christmas! ----- The same to you!

注:在同一个节日里彼此道贺,答语常用The same to you!

8、-----His mother was hurt in the accident. ----I?m sorry to hear that.

注: 表达“同情”常用I?m sorry to hear that.

9、-----I?ve failed the exam. ----What a pity!/It?s a pity!

注;表达遗憾常用What a pity!/It?s a pity!

10、----Hello！May /Can speak to Jim, please? /I?d like to speak to Jim../Is that Jim speaking? ----Yes,(this is) Jim speaking ! Who?s that? (本人接电话)

----Sorry he isn?t in .He is out . Can I take a message? (本人外出)

----Hold on ，please！(稍候)

-----Sorry. I?m afraid you have the wrong number.（打错电话）

注意：这个地方关键是要明确上句Hello！May I speak to Jim, please? Is that …? 是打电话用语，很多同学就是因为没判断清楚场景而导致错误。

此处还要注意打电话时，“你”要用that 不能用“you” “我”要用this，不能用“I”。

11、(1)----Would you like some tea? -----Yes, please../ No ,thanks.

(2)----Would you like to come to my party ?

----Yes. I?d love to . /l?d love to .But….

注：对于Would you like …的答句。要分为两种情况，对于Would you like something ?的回答有两种：接受用Yes, please, 拒绝用No, thanks. 对于Would you like to do something ? 的回答也有两种，“同意”常用Yes. I?d love to.“拒绝”常用“/l?d love to .But….”“but” 后面常用来说明原因，以表示礼貌。

12、----Can I help you ?/ What can I do for you?

----Yes , I?m looking for a dress for my daughter.（I?d like to borrow a book named Red Star Over China）

注：关于这个问题，有的同学爱错用“Yes，I can.”来回答。这个地方我们要牢记：----Can I help you ?/ What can I do for you? 是对方主动提供帮助的客套话，这个时候我们要明确告诉对方我们到底需要对方帮助什么。

13、----Do ？Would you mind if I smoke here ? ----Of course not .Please do /Sorry, you?d better not.

注：这个问题很容易出错，我们一定要重点掌握。“介意”用 “Sorry，you?d better not” ，“不介意”用“Of course not”或“Certainly not.”。

14、----Why not go shopping? /What(How ) about going shopping?

----Good idea./That sounds good(great)./ No, ?.

注：表示“同意对方的建议”，常用“-Good idea./That sounds good(great).”，表示“反对对方的建议”常用“No,?”表达清楚态度后，要具体说明你的想法。

15、----What day (of a week )is today?/What?s today? ----It?s Monday.

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注：听到“day”，就意味着在提问“星期几”。

16、----What?s the date?/What date is today? ----It?s June 1st.

注：date 是用来提问“日期”的。

17、----Let?s make it three o?clock. ----All right. ./OK.

注：make it 可以理解为 “把时间定为??”。

II、初中英语中考单选和完型填空归类复习

单项选择及完形填空。

Teaching Goals:

1. Knowledge Goals: 掌握初中阶段重要的语法知识

2. Ability Goals: 主要考查考生运用语法知识的能力，以及对词语和词语搭配、习惯用语等

的正确理解能力；在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况

3. Emotion Goals:培养学生能在具体的语言环境中运用英语口语进行交际。

Teaching Important Points：

单选是把语法和词汇知识的测试放在适当的情景中，强调了语言知识的实际应用和交际功能；完形填空是语境中根据文章的整体内容、层次结构和内容逻辑关系去理解和运用语法、词汇等基础知识的能力

Teaching Difficult Points：

单选覆盖面广，淡化了语法，突出了语言的实用性；近年中考英语完形填空试题中“情景意义”选择 较多（无需语法知识，只根据文章内容确定答案）。

Teaching Preparations:

CAI, some paper.

Teaching Methods:

Co-operating study; speaking method.

Teaching Procedures:

Step 1 Organize Ss by saying hello to each other

Step2 分析近三年资阳中考英语单项选择题分析

单项选择题一般常从词汇，语法，固定词组，特定句式等方面进行考查。近几年的考试中情景交际，形容词和副词的比较级，最高级，介词，名词，数词，连词，代词都有题型。但是考查热点分布在动词类，从句上。而且由原来的语法型测试逐渐转向以测试学生们的交际能力，语言应变能力，词语运用能力，句型掌握上等为主的能力型测试。加强了学生综合能力和创造能力的考查。

Step3讲述做单项填空的解题技巧。

1. 直接法：即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干的已有信息，找到关键点，从而得出正确

答案的解题方法。例如：

— Will you come to the net bars with me?

— Sorry. My mother always tells me ______ there.

A．not go B. go C. not to go D. to go

根据句意可知考查动词不定式的否定式，即tell sb. not to do sth.

2. 关键词法：即在题干找到能快速而准确判定答案至关重要的词，从而找到解答此题的突

破口。例如：

He hardly hurt himself in the accident, _________?

A. doesn?t he B. didn?t he C. did he D. does he

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hardly 与hurt 是此题的关键词，hardly是否定意义的词，反意疑问句用肯定形式，hurt其过去式与原形相同，hurt未加-s, 应为一般过去时。

3. 前后对应法：多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目，联系上下文，把握隐含信息，

准确找到答案。例如：

— He isn?t a teacher, is he?

— ______. He works in a hospital.

A. Yes, he is B. No, he isn?t C. Yes, he isn?t D. No, he is

由答语可知“他”不是一名教师，应作出否定回答， C，D两项前后不对应，可以排除。

4. 排除法：根据题干提供的信息，先排除干扰项，缩小选择范围，然后再验证其他选项。例如：

The girl asked the teacher_______。

A．what does the museum look like B. what does the museum look like C. what the museum looks like D. what the museum looked like

本题的考点是考查宾语从句的语序及时态的对应关系。从句应用陈述语序，排除A,B两项;主句是一般过去式，从句应用相应的过去时态，排除C项。

5．交际法：即用初中新课标要求的30个实际用语，联系上下文直接解题。例如： ---Would you like to have another cup of tea?

---______.

A. Yes, I do. B. Not at all C. No, thanks D. Help yourself

本题考查交际用语的应答，对别人的邀请，如果表示不接受时，应用委婉的语气说出。C项是最佳答案。

Step4近几年中考单项选择形式举例

例1（2010。资阳）--Do you know anything about _______ writer of the book?

-- She is _______ university teacher.

A. an; an B. the; an C. an; a D. the; a

解析：选D。考查冠词的用法。句意：—有关这本书的作者信息吗？—她是一位大学老师。前者强调特指所以填the,后者university 是以辅音因素开头，故用a.（2009有此类题） 例2（2011）—21. You have coughed for several days, Bill. Stop smoking,________ you?ll get better soon.

A. but B. after C. or D. and

解析：选D。考查连词的用法。本题主要根据句意来选择。（2010有此类题）

例3（2010）24. --Where?s Kitty now?

--I?m not sure. She _______ be in the garden.

A. shall B. need C. may D. must

解析：选C。本题考查情态动词的用法。本题根据前面的I?m not sure可以看出表示不肯定，故用may。（2009,2011都有此类题）

例4（2010）--Have you decided _______ to Shanghai to visit World Expo, Simon?

--Yes. I?ll go there by train. It?s much cheaper than by plane.

A. where to go B. how to go C. when to go D. whom to go

解析：选B。此题虽然形式上是考查疑问词跟动词不定式，但选此题主要根据下文by train.可以得出谈的交通方式。（2011有此类题）

例5（2009） You ________ to the party. Why didn?t you go?

A. were invited B. are invited C. will be invited D. be invited

解析：选A。此题考查一般过去时态的被动语态。通过didn?t可以看出来。（2010,2011都有 8

此类题）

例6.（2011）He asked me _______.

A. whom I was chatting with B. when would I go home

C. where am I with my friends D. if I have finished my homework

解析：选A。本题可以考查宾语从句。此题可以通过排除法排除B,C,宾语从句要用陈述语序。再排除D，主句是过去时态，从句应该用过去完成时态。（2009,20xx年都有） 例7（2009）21. Sydney is one of ________ cities in the world.

A. beautiful B. more beautiful

C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful

解析：此题选D，考查形容词或副词的比较级或最高级。（2010,2011有此类题） 例8（2009）I?m waiting for my girlfriend. If she ________, I?ll go to the movies alone.

A. comes B. doesn?t come C. will come D. won?t come 解析：此题选C，考查引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的规律。（2010有此类题） 例9（2009）19. –What?s that noise?

–Bob and his sister ________ computer games.

A. have played B. are playing C. played D. will play 解析：此题选B，考查现在进行时态（2011有此类题）

例10（2010）--How beautiful your skirt is!

--_______.

A. Oh, no B. Thank you

C. You are welcome D. I don?t think so

解析：此题选B。（2009,2011有此类题）

Step42012中考单项选择试题模拟举例。

1. Don?t tell a lie, little boy! You should be ______ honest child.

A. a B. an C. the D. /

2. John, work hard _________ you will make much progress.

A. or B. nor C. but D. and

3. Cars, buses and bikes _______ stop when the traffic lights change to red.

A. can B. may C. must D. need

4. ---Have you finished your fashion design?

--- Not yet. I?ll finish it if I ______ ten more minutes.

A. am given B. give C. will give D. will be given

5. ______ you are, ______ mistakes you will make in the test.

A. The more careful; the fewer

B. The more carefully, the fewer

C. The more careful; the less

D. The more carefully; the less

6. The policeman asked the boy______ .

A. where is his mother B. where his mother is C. where was his mother D. where his mother was

7. The first thing ______ we should do is to tell him the news.

A. who B. which C. that D. whom

8. Some people won?t realize the importance of their health______ they have lose it.

A. after B. when C. until D. as

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9. Mr Smith works with a mobile phone company, but he ______ for this international meeting, since he is on holiday.

A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked

10. ---Excuse me, may I sit here?

---______.The girl on the seat will return soon.

A. Yes, please. B. I?m afraid not. C. No, thanks D. certainly

11. --- Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr Brown?

---Sorry. He_______ the Swan Lake Park.

A. has been to B. went to C. goes to D. has gone to

12. There______ a match between the Lakers and the Rockets on CCTV-5 this evening.

A. will be B. will have C. are going to be D. are going to have

13. I don?t think the girl is right, ______?

A. do I B. is she C. isn?t she D. does she

14. It?s time for lunch now. Let?s _______ it.

A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. stopping to have

15. He had a _____ visit to Canada last month.

A. ten days B. ten-day C. ten-days D. ten day

Step6就本市完型填空的特点

“完形填空”试题的命制，基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路。它是一种障碍性的测试题。在一定程度上考查考生的阅读能力，逻辑推理及分析归纳，综合判断能力。从近几年考试来看这种题型归纳起来有如下特点:

1. 在整份试卷中所占的分值较重，占15分。长度在130-200个单词左右。

2.就近几年我市考的热点还是放在动词上。如动词的正确形式，动词的词义辨析，但是降低了对单词本身的考查要求，重点考查 学生对短文的整体理解，上下文的段落衔接，情理分析及推理判断能力。

3. 一般采用故事体，近年来出现了以意义选择为主，语法选择逐渐减少的趋势。 Step7讲述做型填空试题的基本步骤

细读首末句：透过首末句预测文章的中心内容，把准方向（大多是主题句，关键句，对抓住文章主旨有重要提示）

1、 跳读全文：快速跳过空格，扫读全文，领略大意

2、 看完一段做一段：边做边推测下文内容，在上下文中找信息提示

3、 推敲难题：简单的都解决后，对拿不准的题千万不要凭感觉，再难的题，也能在上

下文中找到

4、 带入验证：在所有的选项都基本敲定后， 一定要带入文章通读验证，保证语法正确，

逻辑清晰，文章流畅。

Step8分析完型填空试题的三个难度等级

1.词组层次。需要填的词，和它前或后的词有固定的搭配关系，只要看空缺前或后的词便能决定该填什么。例如：

_______second month is February, husband and ______

2.句子层次。空缺需要填什么词，本句之内就可以决定，不用超出句子的范围。如：What _____ he do last Sunday?

Can you tell me ______ Tom comes from?

3.语篇层次。空缺需要填什么，光看本句不成，要超出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定。例如：Man is the cleverest animal on earth. He can travel in outer space and land himself on the 10

moon. But in his war against his enemy the rat in his home, he seems always to be the _____.

A. winner B. loser C. hero D. coward(懦夫)。这里的空缺该填什么，仅仅看本句难以决定。要超出句子从语篇语境的层次去考虑，才可以决定空缺应填B。

Step9实例分析（2011中考）

附：A farmer had some little dogs to sell. As he was putting up an advertisement on the fence of his yard, a __31__ happened to pass by.

“I want to __32__ one of your dogs, sir .”

“Well,”said the farmer,“these dogs come from fine parents and cost a lot of __33__.”

The boy __34__ his head for a moment. Then he reached deep into his __35__ and pulled out some change. “I?ve got thirty-nine cents(美分). Is that __36__ to take a look? ”

“__37__,”said the farmer. And with that he let out a whistle(口哨),“Here, Dolly!” Dolly ran out of the doghouse ___38___ by four little dogs. The boy?s eyes danced with joy. As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else moving inside the __39__.Slowly another little dog __40__; this one much smaller. It was doing its best to __41__... “I want that one,”the little boy said.

The farmer said,“Son, don?t want that dog. He will __42__ be able to run and play with you like the other dogs would.”

The boy rolled up(卷起) one leg of his pants and showed a steel(钢) __43__.Looking back up at the farmer, he said,“You see, sir ,I don?t __44__ too well myself ,and he will need someone who __45__.”

31. A. boy B. dog C. farmer D. son

32. A .sell B. see C. buy D. feed

33. A. time B. money C. work D. study

34. A. shook B. covered C. knocked D. dropped

35. A. pocket B. yard C. heart D. mouth

36. A. enough B. easy C. necessary D. simple

37. A. No B. Sure C. Sorry D. Thanks

38. A. sent B. driven C. followed D. taught

39. A. farm B. fence C. advertisement D. doghouse

40. A. died B. shouted C. appeared D. watched

41. A. catch up B. go away C. give up D. look out

42. A. sometimes B. always C. often D. never

43. A. hand B. back C. arm D. leg

44. A. speak B. run C. walk D. swim

45. A. asks B. understands C. thinks D. succeeds

1.(2011)考查英语固定搭配、习惯用语的运用。此时，考生不需对句意有太多的理解，一眼就能锁定答案。lowly another little dog __40 appeared,

this one much smaller. I “I want that one,”the little boy said.

A. catch up B. go away C. give up D. look out

2.(2011)考查对文段语境的理解能力。考生必须通过语境作出判断，一般要看懂一两句话作情景铺垫。例如：A farmer had some little dogs to sell. As he was putting up an advertisement on the fence of his yard, a __31_A__pened to pass by.

11

“I want to __32__ one of your dogs, sir .”

“Well,”said the farmer,“these dogs come from fine parents and cost a lot of __33__.” 31. A. boy B. dog C. farmer D. son

3. (2011)考查对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断的能力。要求考生能理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。例：The boy rolled up(卷起) one leg of his pants and showed a steel(钢) “You see, sir ,I don?45. A. asks B. understands C. thinks D. succeeds Step10.2012中考完形填空模拟举例(见作业)

The other had no wife yet. Although they lived in different houses, they shared everything they got from their farm.

One day, the single brother said to himself, “ It?s not that we share all the rice. I?m ” So, every night he took a bag of rice from his store-room and across the field ?s store-room.

At the same time, the married brother thought, “ It?s not fair to share all the rice. I?m married and I have my wife and children to take care of his ”So, each night he also took a bag of rice and put it into his brother?s store-room.

Several months passed by. They found strange that their rice never became less. Then, one dark night the two brothers ran into each other. Slowly they began to understand what was happening. Their bags fell onto the ground and tears in their eyes at once.

( )1. A. group B. family C. class D. team

( )2. A. right B. popular C. interesting D. wrong

( )3. A. poor B. happy C. alone D. rich

( )4. A. jumped B.played C. went D. rode

( )5. A.from B. through C. off D. between

( )6. look after B. look for C. look out D. look at

( )7.A. worried B. old C. healthy D. dead

( )8. A. hope B. children C. farm D. future

( )9.A. them B. this C. it D. that

( )10. A. appeared B. filled C. dropped D. rose

Step11.Summarize the main contents in this class.

Blackboard Writing:

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III、初中英语中考阅读理解归类复习

阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要考查内容。一般来说，中考英语试卷包含四篇阅读文章，阅读量在800单词左右；要求阅读速度为每分钟30-40词。文章的题材广泛、体裁多样。

《新课程标准》要求学生在阅读中既要能理解个别句子的意义，也要能理解上下文的逻辑关系，把握篇章结构；既能理解字面的意思，也能理解隐含的意思；既能理解事实和细节，也能理解所读材料的主旨和大意；能就文章的内容进行判断、推理和信息转换。然后根据试题的要求选出最佳答案或做出正误判断。

中考阅读理解中主要有主观性题型和客观性题型。前者主要包括主旨型、推理型、态度型和结论型等。后者主要包括事实型、推测词义型、指代关系型、常识题、是非题等。从问题设置上可以将问题总结为四种类型：归纳概括题，细节理解题，语句理解题和推理判断题。下面我们主要对这四种题型的解题技巧进行简要分析。

归纳概括题

此类题主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次（主题句或主题段）、作者的写作目的等方面，要求考生在准确理解全文后，归纳短文要点、概括中心思想，分析和归纳段落大意、重要情节、人物特征和环境特点等。

这类题常见的命题方式有：

1. What is the main idea of this passage?

2. What does this passage mainly talk about?

3. The main theme of this passage is ______.

4. The main point of the passage is ______.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

6. The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ______.

7. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is _____.

8. Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?

【解题技巧】领会全文大意，灵活运用判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法，真正理解文章的主题和中心思想。一般而言，英语文章的主题通常反映在文章的题目或一段短文的小标题上。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的主题。如新闻报道第一段通常是故事的梗概(leadparagraph)。但也要注意，不少文章的中心思想也常贯穿于全文之中。主题句(topicsentence)常在一段的 13

开头，也有可能在段中或段末。

在阅读理解时，归纳概括的题型可分为主题型(找出文章的main idea),标题型(即选择合适的title)和目的型（寻找作者写作的purpose）。

【例】54. The passage is mainly about ______. （北京中考第54小题，阅读理解B篇）

A. the rules of behavior in public

B. the easy of communication

C. the acts of kindness among people

D. the knowledge of social life

本题问及文章的大意。通过跳读（skimming ）我们知道这篇文章有六段描述在公众场合如何表现，所以A是正确答案。

细节理解题

细节理解题常出现在应用文中,一般针对某个特定细节而提出问题，难度小，属浅层理解，通读短文后一般能直接找出答题依据。

细节类问题的命题方式有：

1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the information in the passage?

2.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?

3. What is the example of... as described in the passage?

4. The author mentions all of the following except...

5. The reason for... is...

6. The author states that...

7. According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, etc)...

【解题技巧】

1.通读全文，领悟大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意以下几个方面：

数字、日期和时间等；同位语、破折号、括号和省略号等；表示附加说明的词，如：by the way, besides, what’s more,in addition to, including, as well as等；倒装句及加强语气的词，如above all, mainly,mostly, certainly, indeed等。

2. 选用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。

【例】61. Who will be guests at the party? (09辽宁锦州卷)

A.The children of Mr Wilson.

B. The Marleys.

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C. Mr Wilson and his wife.

D. Mr and Mrs Marley.

The children of and Mrs Marley invite you, Mr and Mrs Wilson, to a party! Join us for food, fun and a crazy time to celebrate: the 50th birthday of Richard Marley On Friday, July 13th, From 2 pm to 9 pm at Golden Sun Park Remember to bring your swimsuits and dancing shoes. Call or email us for directions to the party or arrange for a ride.

Tel: (605) 392-4814

E-mail: smarley@

本题是考核学生根据上下文全面理解和进行正确判断的能力。做题时要重点看好Who，guests的问题，这是一封请柬，被邀请的才是客人，所以答案是Ｃ。

语句理解题

要求正确理解短文中一些关键词、短语或句子的含义。常用的手段是利用多种表达法、词的多义性、同近义语替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换等。

语句理解类问题的命题方式有：

1. The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________.

2. What does “______” in paragraph... stand for /mean?

3. “______” could best be replaced by which of the following?

4. The expression/phrase “____” means ______.

5) The word “_____” is closest in meaning to _____.

【解题技巧】透彻理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境判断理解，推敲斟酌，最后确定含义。

猜测词义要根据：上下文间意义的联系；同义和反义关系；词的定义；对词的解释和举例以及构词法知识来进行。

【例】 Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try toexplain why people behave in the way that they do, calledpsychologists, are starting to believe it.

55. A psychologist is a person who may help you with your ______.（09北京中考C篇）

A. illness and abilities

B. thoughts and behaviour

C. mind and nervous system

D. physical activity and daily exercise

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通过仔细阅读分析这句话，找出医生和科学家们study the human mind（研究人的思想）和explain why people behave（解释人们的行为），可以找出thoughts and behaviour，因此答案是B。

点睛：Words, like people, are frequently known by the company they keep.

A word’s context or surroundings, can provide clues to meaning.

推理判断题

主要对短文的结论、隐含意义、作者的倾向、文章的论调、写作的思路及目的等进行考查。纵观全文，在汇集短文提供的各项信息的基础上，严格按照短文陈述的观点或描述事实，进行正确的、合乎逻辑的推论和引申。有时还可能会假设一种情况要求考生对原文中没有提及的情况进行推理和想象，对题目中提出的各种可能性进行推敲，从而选出符合原文信息或作者意图的最佳答案。推理性问题与细节性问题相似，这部分往往出题分量大，难度大，同

学们出错也多，归根结底还是对文章内容没有做到真正的理解和掌握。

推理判断题的命题方式有：

1. We can infer / conclude from the passage that ______.

2. It can be inferred / concluded (from the passage) that ______.

3. The passage / story / author /paragraph implies, but does not directly state that

_______.

4. The author strongly suggests that ____________.

5. What do you think would happen (to…) at the end of the story?

【解题技巧】读懂原文，抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章内容，注意文章结构层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会常识，仔细斟酌，做出准确的推断

和引申。

【例】You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or apsychologist to try to

work things out with your family or yourfriends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation.Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good

change,but it will still be stressful. （北京中考第57小题，阅读理解C篇）

57. From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer that ____.

A. it’s difficult to change a stressful situation

B. it’s not stressful when a good change takes place

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C. a big change will cause another stressful situation

D. a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort

此题考查了学生在对文章语句理解基础之上的推断能力，通过抓住重点单词good, but,

still stressful, 我们可以推出答案是Ｃ。

IV、初中英语中考选词填空归类复习 学生在做英语的“选词填空”时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，我把平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略作归纳，希望能给有需要的学生朋友提供一点帮助。

“选词填空”要求学生利用所给的10个词汇（一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等）补全一篇有10个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。

1.在拿到题目后，不要急于看文章，首先对备选的词汇研究几遍，对词性作简单的标记，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a.，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初步的理解。

2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。

3.在选定单词后，不要轻率地填入。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。当你选定一个名词时，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式。例如：match-matches， friend-friend?s/friends?。其他还要考虑名词是否需要变成形容词，例如：sun-sunny， use-useful/useless/used， danger-dangerous；在遇到动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化（动词不定式- to do， 现在分词-doing， 过去分词-done， 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done…）。 17

形容词和副词填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting， happy-happily，happy -happiness； 填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主

代词或反身代词的用法；数词方面要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third， 2/3-two thirds， one thousand/thousands of ；冠词只需要在 a或an之间判别，如a girl/an old man； 当遇到介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“名词”单复数要牢记，还有?s 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意要用三种级，要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。

4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查单词拼写是否正确，是否有时态、

语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位。

We can?t stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they don?t destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 .________ idea to build houses along lines where 2. ________ of the earth?s plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. ________ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks , not on 4. ________. Third, you must make the houses as 5. ________ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6. ________ . .

Scientists are 7. ________ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, people today are still building more 8. ________ . The population in and around San Francisco is 9. ________ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. ________ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.

1.good 2.two 3. may 4.sand 5.strong 6. stay up 7. afraid 8.houses 9.now 10.if

【剖析】

这是一篇科普类文章，要求选填的词汇都是浅显易懂的常用词，且都是《大纲》范围内的词汇。因此，学生要通读全文，了解大意。只要能够理解文章上下的内容，对短文语境中有用的信息进行分析、推敲、结合整篇，就可以确定所需词汇。值得注意的是，题目提供的词中有两组形容词、副词的同根词，这就要求我们既要明白文章的意思，还得善用所学的综合知识。

第1题选good。依句型这里需要形容词，看全文应是 “好”。

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第2题选two。文章一开始就说，我们虽然不能阻止地震，但可以采取措施减少地震对城市

的破坏程度。如果那样的话，那么在地球板块与板块交界的地方建造房屋肯定不是好办法。 （这是一个跨学科的问题，世界上已经发生的地震多数发生在地球板块与板块交界的地方，科学家们称之为地震带。 由此可见，要学好英语，还要学好其他学科。）

第3题选 may。在这里表示猜测、假设，意思是“可能”。

第4题选 sand 。 “沙地”与前面的rocks 一词对应。这句话是说，如果你认为某个地方

可能要发生地震，最好是将房屋建筑在地质比较坚硬的地带，而不能建在地质松的地带。 比如像沙漠这样的地带就不能建造房屋。

第5题选strong 。除地质条件外，将房屋建得strong“牢固”些，也是减轻地震灾害的一项

重要措施。

第6题选stay up 。在这里是“站立、矗立”的意思，与前面的 fall down 一词相对应。 第7题选afraid。因为旧金山这个城市就建在太平洋板块与美洲大陆板块交界的地带（环太

平洋地震带），所以说科学家们感到担心、害怕。

第8题选houses。科学家们之所以感到担心和害怕，是因为那里的人还在那里建造房屋，这

正好与前面说的减轻地震灾害的方法相反。

第9题选now 。与前面的19xx年相对比。

第10题选if 。文章最后小结提出假设：旧金山如果依旧那样的话，一旦有一天发生地震，

后果将不堪设想。

Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 ________ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 ________ there. One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 ________ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _______ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 ________ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 ________ by the man. He said angrily, “That?s 7________ !” Mr. Brown? s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 ________ of them, he said, “You?ve mended them very well.”

In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 ________ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “You?ve had a 10 ________ day,” he said.

1.brought 2.mended 3. forgot 4. beside 5.picked 6. stopped 7. mine 8.each 9. same 10. lucky

【剖析】

这是一篇伞店老板Mr Brown在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章。要求填的词汇都是《大纲》范围内的词汇，因此难度不是很大。学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇。通读全文，了解大意。再读全文，确定所需词的词义、词性和词形。

第1题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是“带来”或“给”，所以选brought。 第2题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是“被修理”，选mended。

第3题为动词，由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是“忘记”，选forgot。 第4题选介词。由语境决定的，意思是“在座位旁边”，选beside。

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第5题选动词，意思是“拾起”，恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去，所以选picked。 第6题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选stopped。

第7题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是“我的”，选mine。

第8题选代词，由后面的of结构决定的，指“每一”或者“全部”，选词中没有提供all；

所以选each 。

第9题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“相同的”，选same。

第10题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“幸运的或好的”，选lucky。

V、初中英语中考任务型阅读归类复习

任务型阅读理解是21世纪开始在我国各地的中考试卷中大量出现的新题型。任务型阅读理解题的出现与我国实施新课程、进行新课程改革的大环境直接有关，也与我国外语界最热火的任务型英语教学趋势相吻合。笔者，特此撰文介绍该新题形的特点和解题方法，希望能对同学们提高中考任务型阅读理解的解题能力有所裨益。

一、任务型阅读理解题解读

任务型阅读阅读理解测试的主要体裁为应用文--广告，主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。

该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说,这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如果考生心理承受力比较弱,或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍,恐怕很快就会感觉犹如“雾里看花”,似它而非它了；而且,考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延作用。

二、解题步骤

任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该类的“对应”可能是“主旨对应”,也可能是“情节对应”,还可以是“细节对应”等。同学们只要能够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。

“一一对应阅读方法”的具体步骤如下：

第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。

第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。

第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。

第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。

三、解题思路

任务型阅读理解的解题难度比较大,干扰性强。该类阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握住当事人的要求与符合其要求的条件之间的“一一对应”关系。以下是笔者总结的解题思路和解题体会：

1、 快读以了解短文大意,明了题目要求。考生通过快速浏览文章首句、尾句和关键词语,来了解文段的大意并明确试题的具体要求,了解广告或海报的话题或主题,保证答题时不 20

会出现离题现象,否则一错就很可能会错两到三题,严重影响答题的效果。接下来按照五个人不同的个人信息；对照要求匹配与之相适应的选项；A-E五个选项分别是五段材料的关键信息。

2、 寻读时要依照题项信息,寻找匹配信息。考生首先要读懂题项,抓住关键信息,然后再带着所获关键信息,有针对性地寻找所需要的相关的匹配信息,对号入座,而不必句句都读。

3、考生还得注意:每读一段话,做一道题,每确定一题的答案后,将该选项从列表中划去,以免在以后的选择中干扰视线,同时也将相应的短文划去,减少以后的阅读段落。

俗话说得好：“解题有法， 但无定法，一定要得法。愿本文能对同学们解好任务型阅读理解题起到一定的 “抛砖引玉”的作用。

【典型训练】

1 As we know, Xiao Shenyang and Liu Qian did wonderful jobs in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. Now many people are crazy about these two persons. But how much do you know about them?

Xiao Shenyang was born in a poor peasant family which is in difficult family conditions. His real name is Shen He. He is an actor. He is good at Er Ren Zhuan. He learned acts, following Zhao Benshan. During the school life, he was very active in many activities. He looks like a simple man, but he never stops pursuing (追求) his artistic aspiration (渴望). More and more people like his style of performance, and we hope he can make great progress in the future.

Liu Qian is a young magician from Taiwan. At the age of 7, Liu saw a cute magic toy in a shop. At that moment he began to love and decided to learn magic. Liu didn?t go to any magic school. he practiced tricks every day to improve his skills, until one day he was able to put on a show for his class. He saw the surprise on everyone?s face, and he felt it was cool. He often does street shows for passers-by, police and farmers. He worked hard at it. Now he is a famous magician.

任务：请阅读这篇短文，根据短文内容完成下面表格中关于小沈阳和刘谦的信息。

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VI、初中英语中考书面表达归类复习

书面表达是考查英语语言、语法综合运用的题型，它不但要求学生有丰富的语法知识，还应有较强的表达能力和逻辑思维能力。现将提高分数的六要素讲解如下：

一、要点全

中考英语书面表达题都是根据内容和表达给分的，因此要点是否齐全，直接影响考生能否得高分。

（1）标题要点

有些书面表达需要写标题，不少考生审题粗心漏写标题，造成不必要的失分。标题书写应力求简洁、明确，有较强的概括性和针对性，并注意单词的大小写。

（2）格式要点

不少应用文要求正确的格式，如通知开头常交待通知对象；日记开头常交待“时间”和“天气”；信件左上角必须注明写信的地址和写信的时间，下一行要顶格写上称呼，正文结束后，要有结束语并签名。

（3）正文要点

正文要点是全文主要要点集中的地方，老师应指导考生认真思考材料含义，理清深层意义，并将所给要点一一落实，并检查是否有遗漏。

二、语法正确

在写书面表达时，每一个句子都要尽可能避免语法错误，考生们通常在下列语法角度最易出错。

1. 动词错误

1）多用动词错误

例1：of students couldn?t go to school because they were poor. （改为hundreds）

例2：（改为coming或去掉comes）

2）动词空缺错误

例1：He wouldn?t ∧ able to work out the problem. （加be）

例2：It is said that they ∧ often careless in class. （加are）

3）动词时态错误

中考书面表达题通常都考查一到数种时态，而每一个特定时间背景下的时态都是相同的，比如介绍人物和单位的现状，应以一般现在时为主，介绍其过去情况，应以一般过去时为主，日记的写作应以一般过去时为主，通知的写作应以一般将来时为主，千万不能随心所欲地使用时态，造成大面积失分。

4）动词语态错误

汉语被动色彩不浓厚，因此在不少场合考生易受汉语的习惯影响，忘记使用被动语态。 例1：Wei Fang fell from the tree and her leg ∧ hurt. （加was）

例2：He remembered his wallet had ∧ lost in the bus. （加been）

有时不该用被动语态，不少考生却用了被动语态。

例1：去掉was)

例2：（去掉was）

不少基础较差的考生喜欢在行为动词前加be动词。

例1：think that I?ll learn how to use a computer. （去掉am）

例2：（去掉are）

2. 名词的单复数错误

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例1：（改为student）

例2：（改为teachers）

3. 冠词错误

很多考生不重视冠词，实际上冠词用错了也影响表达。

例1：There are many buildings in our school such as ∧ library, ∧ laboratory and ∧ teaching building. （分别加a）

例2：It was fine last Sunday. In ∧ morning we went to the zoo. （加the）

三. 表达准确

学生写书面表达时，要使用正确的、地道的语言。不能使用生涩难懂或不符合英语表达习惯的语言，学生常犯的语言错误有下列几种：

1. 英语单词堆砌法

就是考生在写英语句子时，不会使用准确的英语，而根据汉语的句子顺序用相应的英语单词堆砌成英语句子。

A. 误：They study hard, because they know is the Hope Project give their chance to go to school.

正：They study hard, because they know the Hope Project gives them a chance to go to school.

B. 误：Welcome you come to our school to visit.

正：You?re welcome to visit our school.

2. Chinese English 表达法

很多考生写英语短文时易受汉语习惯影响，所写句子虽然语法正确，却不符合英语表达习惯。

A. 误：His works are many.

正：He has many works.

B. 误：My body is healthy.

正：I?m healthy.

3. 难词解释法

不少考生平时不注重记忆必要的单词，写作时碰到生词就绕道走，最后只好用解释法、定义法来说明，结果语言生涩难懂，文意错乱难以表达。

A. 误：Mr Li is good at teaching, he has many ways of teaching his students.

正：Mr Li is good at teaching, he has many teaching methods.

B. 误：He telephoned her with his hand machine.

正：He telephoned her with his mobile phone.

四、结构整

所谓结构整，就是要求考生在初学写作时要用完整的简单句将句意表达清楚，这里要把握好两个关系。

1. 完整不等于一定用复杂的句子。

考生一味追求新、奇、难，很容易出差错。

A. 误：Li Ping, a boy who is sixteen years old and who is a middle school student. 正：Li Ping is sixteen years old, he is a middle school student.

2. 简单不等于一定用省略句。

考生在不可省略的地方省略，结构就不完整，句意就不明确。

A. 误：He studies very hard and kind.

正：He studies very hard and he is very kind.

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B. 误：He doesn?t know what and how to do it.

正：He doesn?t know what to do and how to do it.

五、逻辑顺畅

不少考生在写英语短文时完全根据材料前后顺序，将所给内容一一译成英语，或者虽有变化，但文意仍不通顺。这两种情况都会使短文前后不连贯、层次不清晰、逻辑性不强。因此，考生应认真思考所给材料，找到短文表达的主旨文意及线索，然后在文意及线索的引导下将短文内容顺畅地表达出来。为了增加文章的可读性，考生应学会使用and, so, then, at the same time, on the one hand, on the other hand, first, second, at last, what?s more, I?m afraid, I think 等表过渡及连接的词汇，这样就可有效增强文章的可读性，使之有较强的感情色彩。

六、卷面整洁

考生写好书面表达后，应认真修改，避免大小写及标点符号错误，誊写时应尽可能书写工整，布局美观，卷面漂亮整洁，这会增加得高分的机会。

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