定语从句

一．概念：

定语的作用：说明名词的特点和状态，对名词进行修饰或限定。如：

a (bright) room a girl (in red)

the neighbor (next to me)

这些是由一个词或一个词组修饰或限定一个名词，充当名词的定语。也可以由一个句子修饰或限定一个名词说明名词，充当名词的定语。 充当名词的定语的句子称为————定语从句。 定语从句所修饰或限定的名词称为————先行词

二．定语从句的结构：先行词+关系代词/关系副词+从句

象任何一种从句一样，定语从句也必须有一个引导词来引领整个从句。 定语从句的引导词称为————关系词。关系词分为性质不同的两类—————关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词在从句中起名词的作用，充当主语，宾语。（特殊：whose充当定语，as可充当表语。）

关系副词在从句中起副词的作用，充当状语（时间，地点，原因，方式等）

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三、对名词进行修饰或限定的定语从句称为限制性定语从句。 如果名词是确定的人或事物，从句只起到对名词的情况进行补充说明的作用，这类定语从句称为非限制性定语从句。

非限制性定语从句，需用逗号与主句隔开。

非限制性定语从句关系词不能用that，关系词不能省略。先行词是事物，须用which. 先行词是人物，作主语须用who; 作宾语须用whom.（不可用who） His mother ,who loved him very much, died in an accident.

We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy. 非限制性定语从句还可以对前面的整个主句进行补充说明.

He gave me some advice as well as some money, which is very kind of him.

四、定语从句考查热点

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在非限制性定语从句中，不用that：若指物用“which”，指人用“who”或“whom”;若替代主句中的整个内容，用“which.”

? By serving others ,a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself ,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A.who B.which C. what D.that

五、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

e.g The man with whom Mr.King competed was a very confident fellow.

在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词？

方法一：看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配

1、 He is the man ___ whom I think you can depend.

2、 The girl ___ whom he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

3、 He advised me to buy some reference books _____ which I am not very familiar.

方法二：看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配

1、 He made a hole in the wall ,_____ which he could see what was going on outside the house.

2、 The comments on their product ,_____ which this is one example ,are very sharp.

方法三：根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配

1、The rate ____ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.

2、We saw several natives advancing towards our party,and one of them came up to us,____ we gave some bells and glasses.

A. to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which

六、名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom

名词/代词/数词+of,表示物用which ;表示人用whom.

1、The man pulled out a gold watch ,____ were made of small diamonds.

A.the hands of whom B.whom the hands of

C.which the hands of D.the hands of which

2、We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people ,most of ___ are healthy.

A.that B. which C.what D.whom

七、whose的用法

1、Don’t use a bike ______ brake doesn’t work well.

2、Last month ,part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,from______ effects the people are still suffering.

A.that B.whose C.those D.what

八、关系代词as和which的区别

1、_______ is often the case ,we have worked out the production plan.

A.which B.when C.what D.As

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2、His movie won several awards at the film festival ,_____ was beyond his wildest dream.

A.which B.that C.where D.it

区别：

1、 which代替前面的句子，表示“这一点，这件事”而as代替前面的句子，表示“正

如，好像”

2、 which引导的从句不能放在主句之前

3、 as常形成一些固定搭配，例如：

AS is well known

AS has been mentioned above

AS is often the case

AS it often happens

AS is expected /said /reported??

4、 当先行词与as ,so,such ,the same 连用或先行词本事是such ,the same时，

关系代词用as .as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

5、 1）He is not such a man as only think of himself.

6、 2) I will read as many books as are required.

试比较：

同位语从句和定语从句的区别

He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.（同位语从句） The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.（定语从句）

定语从句与强调句比较

Is it the school we visited three years ago has changed rapidly?（that which what where)

真题再现

1．By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.(20xx年湖南卷)

A．who B．which C．what D．that

解析：B 考查定语从句。先行词为前面整句话所表达的内容，故用which引导一个非限制性定语从句。

2._____is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A．Which B．When C．When D．As

解析：D as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句，放在句首。

3．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,____meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.

A．who B．that C．as D．which

解析：D从句中缺少主语，which指代前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语，that不能用在非限制性定语从句中。As意为“正如，就像”，不符题意。

4．______I explained on the phone, you request will be considered at the next meeting.

A．When B．After C．As D．Since

解析：C表示“依据，正如??”之意时，用as引导。Which不能用在句首。

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第二篇：新总结高中定语从句试题

定语从句

1. I have a friend__ has a good camera.

a. who b. whom c. whose d. he

2. The man __ today left this message for you.

a. called b. has called c. whom called d. who called

3. The man __ is our new teacher.

a. whom you spoke b. whom you spoke to

c. you spoke d. you spoke with whom

4. I don’t think the number of the people__ this happens is very large.

a. whom b. who c. of whom d. to whom

5. Do you work near the building__ color is yellow?

a. that b. which c. whose d. its

6. Here is the girl__ school bag has been stolen.

a. who b. whom c. whose d. her

7. The number of people __lost homes reached as many as 250000.

a. who b. whom c. whose d. which

8. It sounded like a train___ was going under my house. a. who b. which c./ d. whom

9. The car＿my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the

earthquake.

a. which b. whom c.who d. whose

10. The boy ___ we saw yesterday was John’s brother. a.which b.who c.whose d. what

11. The swimmer ___ you are asking about is over there. a. whom b.which c.whose d.what

12. The building ___ window are bright at night is our school building.

a. which b.that c.whom d.whose

13. Is the river___through that town very large?

a.which flows b.flows c.that flowing d.whose flows

14. The games in ___the young men competed were difficult. a.whom b.whose c.which d.that

15. He helped his father on the small town ___they lived. a.which b.that c.when d.where

16. That’s the Science Museum___ we visited last year. a.where b.to whom c.which d.in which

17. That’s the factory____ we paid a visit last year.

a.where b. to which c.which d.in which

18. She likes to use words___ is clear to him.

a.of which the meaning b.of which meaning

c.whose of meaning d.meaning of which

19. This is the house___ we used to sleep.

a.where b.which c.that d.when

20. This was a time___ there were still slaves in the USA. a.which b.that c. when d.where

21. Her sister, ___you met at my home, was a teacher of English.

a. whom b.that c.which d./

22. I’m one of the boys___ never late for school.

a.that is b.who is c.who are d.who am

23. He is the most boring speaker ___ I have ever heard.

A.who b.that c.whose d.which

24. Mr Anderson I thought ___died 3 years ago , is still living. a.who b.whom c.that d.which

25. He is the last person ___I want to see.

a. who b.whom c. that d. which

26.---Did you ask the guard what happened?

---Yes, he told me all_____ he knew.

a. about which b. which c. that d. what

27. John was the only one ___ I had visited.

a. which b. that c. whom d. who

28. The second book ____ I want to read is Red Star Over Cina. a. which b. what c. that d. as

29. The boy handed everything____ he had picked up in the street to the police.

a. which b. what c. that d. whatever

30. There is nothing in the world ____ can frighten him. a. that b. who c. which d. whom

31. Who ____ knows him would trust him?

a. whom b. that c. who d. which

32. The man and the horse ____ fell into the river were drowned.

a. which b. who c. of which d. that

33. which of these trains is the one ____ goes to Nanjing? a. which b. of which c. of these d.that

34. Look at the girl and her dog____ are crossing the bridge. a. which b. who c. they d. that

35. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage__ already seven other people.

a. when there were b. which there were c. that there were d.where there were

36. I’ll never forget the days __I stayed in your beautiful country.

a. when b. in which c. on which d. on that

37. September13,1931 is the day__ we’ll never forget.

a. when b. on which c. on that d. that

38. I know a place__we can have a quiet talk.

a. which b. where c. when d. at which

39. Is there any fruit shop nearby__ we can buy some fruit? a. at that b. at where c. which d. at which

40. I see no reason__ this can’t be done right now.

a. but b. why c. how d. which

41. The building__ all elder university teachers prefer looks so beautiful.

a. at which b. where c. which d. on which

42. You may stay__ you like.

a. for how long b. for which time c. at which d. where

43.The only language__ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. a. which b. whose c. that d. it

44. Have you seen the girl__?

a. that I told b. I told you of c. whom I told you d. I told you of him

45.The dictionary__ is sold out in the bookshop.

a. you need b. which you need it c. what you need d. that you need it

46. Is this the shop __sells children’s clothing?

a. what b. which c. in which d. where

47. The company __I visited last year was not the one__ I once worked.

a. which ;which b. where ;which c. which ;where d. where ; where

48. The orphan came from Henan Province, __ is far from here.

a. which b. that c. where d. in which

49. They rely on themselves,__ is much better.

a. what b. that c. who d. which

50. You are the very man__ they are looking for at the moment. a. that b. which c. whom d. who

51. He said he had read a book, __was a lie.

a. about which b. which c. of which d. of course it

52. They are the boys __I went to school with.

a. which b. where c. whom d. when

53. __ we know, more than seventy percent of the earth is covered with water.

a. Which b. As c. Whom d. When

54. He was in a traffic jam,__ made him late for school.

a. that b. what c. how d. which

55. I don’t like the people__ lose their temper easily. a. whose b. which c. who d. whom

56. You d better make a mark__ you have any questions__ you read a book.

a. in the place; while b. to the place; where

c. where ; / d. in the place where; when

57. The reason__ he was late for school was that he had knocked down by a bike.

a. why b. where c. when d. that

58. That was __I wanted.

a.which b. the one what c. the one d. one which

59. This is the largest clock in the world,__ the minute hand is six metres long.

a. where b. of which c. whose d. which

60.Look! the dictionary,__ is red, is a birthday gift given by father.

a. which cover b. the cover of which

c. the whose cover d. that the cover

61.Do you still remember one evening a week ago __I came to your room and borrowed a diamond necklace?

a.that b which c. when d. where

62.Do you know the actor you saw playing Hamlet is now doing King Lear?

A.who B.whom C.whose D.which

63. She didn’t tell us the reason__ she had given up the chance. a. for that b. for which c. for it d. because of which

64. Who can think of a situation__ the idiom is often used?

a. where b. which c. that d. how

65. They are carrying some empty boxes__ these books will be placed.

a. where b. which c. that d. as

66. Bamboo grows best in the place __ it is warm and rains often.

a. which b. where c. that d. as

67. Is this museum__ some German friends visited last Sunday?

a. that b. where c. which d. the one

68. Is this the factory__ he worked twenty years ago? a. where b. that c. which d. the one

69. Is this the factory__ you visited last month?

a. where b. that c. in which d. the one

70. Those __not only from books but also through practice will succeed.

a. learn b. who c. that learn d. who learn

71. Can you lend me the novel__ the other day?

a. that you talked b. you talked about it

c. which you talked with d. you talked about

72.Anyone__ this opinion may speak out.

a. that is against b. who are against c. that against d. who is against

73. A room__ we do experiment is a lab.

a. where b. that c. which d. in that

74. Mr Smith is one of the foreign experts who __ in China. a. works b. is working c. are working d. has been working

75. She had two daughters ,__became doctors.

a. all of them b. both of them c. all of whom d. both of whom

76. Don’t talk about such things __ you are not sure of.

A .that b. what c. those d. as

77. They talked for about an hour of the things and persons __they remembered.

a. which b. that c. whom d. who

78. The children were all interested in __they had seen in the exhibition.

a. which b. that all c. all what d. all that

79.__ is known to us all, the earth moves around the sun. a. This b. That c. It d. As

80. He was the man __ Master of the Game was translated. a. by whom b. by who c. by whose d. by him

81. This is the very child__ parents were killed in the war. a. who b. that c. whose d. whom

82. The number of the visitors,__ we had expected, was well over two thousand.

a. that b. as c. who d. where

83. How do you like the book? It is quite different from ＿I read last month.

a. that b. which c. in which d. the one

84.The house __ roof was damaged has now been repaired. a. that b. who’s c.whose d.of which

85. The building over there is a library ,__is our gym. a.on the east of which b. to the east of it

c. on the east of that d. east of which

86. In our school there are one thousand students,40 percent of __ are girl students.

a. who b. whom c. whose d. which

87. He was the only one of the students __ late this morning. a. that was b. that were c. who was d. who were

88. The stems of bamboo are hollow,__ them very light.

a. that make b. that makes c. which make d. which

makes

89. I will give your daughter a toy plane__ she would like to play.

a. which b. that c. for which d. with which

90. The magazine __ Betty paid one dollar was very good. a. that b . which c. for which d. to which

91. My mother has a house in New York,__ she bought three years ago.

a.which b. where c. that d. whose

92. We admired him for the way__ he faced his difficulties. a. in which b. in that c. which d. how

93. –What game is popular with them?

--The __most is tennis.

a. game they like it b. best game they like

b. best game they like it d. game they like

94. Keep away from such things__will do you harm.

a.as b. that c. to which d. which

95. You can buy as many copies of this book__you want. a.that b. as c. which d. for which

96.The freezing point is the temperature __ water changes into ice.

a. of which b. at which c. on which d. in which

97. Because of my poor memory, all __ you told me has been forgotten.

a. that b. which c. what d. as

98. He returned home much sooner __ expected.

a. which b. than c. as d. but

99. Tom didn’t take away the camera because it was just the same camera__he lost last week.

a. which b. that c. whom d. as

100.The foreign guests, __were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

a. most of them b most of whom c. most of that d. most of those

定语从句专项练习答案：

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