介词by的用法归纳

介词by可以用来表示方位、时间、手段等,其用法在考试中曾多次出现。下面结合考试和其它一些例句做一下归纳：

一、by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在?旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。

She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.(NMET90)她搜索了山顶，然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。

After supper she would sit down by the fire,sometimes for as long as an hour,thinking of her young and happy days.(20xx上海·春）晚饭后，她常坐在火旁，有时长达一个小时地回忆她那青春、快乐的年代。 注：有时可表:“从?旁经过”,多与动词go/walk/pass等连用。

As we boys were rushing towards the playground,Jim slipped by the table.(NMET92完形）当我们这些男生冲向操场时，吉姆从桌旁溜过。

二、by+时间名词。意为：“到?时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于?，在?之前”。如：by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o`clock等。

By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed.(20xx上海·春）到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。

The train leaves at 6:00 pm.So I have to be at the station by 5:40 pm at the latest.(NMET97)火车下午六点开，所以最晚我得五点四十赶到车站。

…… …… 余下全文

by的用法小结

1.用于被动语态的句子中,表示动作的执行者,意为“被;由”。

He was praised by the teacher.他受到了老师的表扬。

The book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。

2.表示方式、方法、手段等,后常接无冠词的名词或动名词,意为“通过;靠;用”。 Don't judge a person by appearances. 勿以貌取人。

He made a living by teaching.他以教书为生。

3.表示时间,意为“到??时(为止”或“不迟于??”。

He ought to be here by now.他现在应该在这儿了。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语单词。

4.表示(增减)程度,尺寸数量等,意为“至??的程度”。

the bullet missed me by two inches.那子弹以两英寸之差未击中我。 the rope needs to be longer by two feet.这绳子需要再长两英尺。

5.表示交通路线或工具,后接名词不用冠词,意为“乘;坐”。

go by bus / plane / train 乘汽车(飞机、火车)去

travel by land / sea / air 陆上(海上、空中)旅行

6.表示位置,意为“在近旁;在??旁边”。

There is a pumping station by the river.河边有个抽水站。

词by可以用来表示方位、时间、手段等,其用法在高考中曾多次出现。下面结合高考试卷和其它一些例句做一下归纳：

一、by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。

…… …… 余下全文

介词by可以用来表示方位、时间、手段等,其用法在中考、高考中曾多次出现。下面结合高考试卷和其它一些例句做一下归纳：

一、by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在?旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。

She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.(NMET90)她搜索了山顶，然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。

After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for as long as an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.(20xx上海·春）晚饭后，她常坐在火旁，有时长达一个小时地回忆她那青春、快乐的年代。 注：有时可表:“从?旁经过”,多与动词go/walk/pass等连用。

As we boys were rushing towards the playground, Jim slipped by the table.(NMET92完形）当我们这些男生冲向操场时，吉姆从桌旁溜过。

二、by+时间名词。意为：“到?时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于?，在?之前”。如：by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o’clock等。

By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed.(20xx上海·春）到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。

The train leaves at 6:00 pm. So I have to be at the station by 5:40 pm at the latest.(NMET97)火车下午六点开，所以最晚我得五点四十赶到车站。

…… …… 余下全文

介词by的用法

本单元by + v.-ing结构是一个重点，该结构意思是“通过……，以……的方式”，后面常接v.-ing形式，表示“通过某种方式得到某种结果”，即表示行为的方式或手段。

I practice speaking English by joining an English-language club.

我通过加入一个英语语言俱乐部来练习讲英语。

Mr Li makes a living by driving taxis.李先生靠开出租车为生。

介词by + v.-ing 结构常用来回答How do you...?或How can I...?之类的问题。

—How do you learn English? 你怎样学习英语呢？

—I learn English by reading aloud. 我通过大声朗读来学英语。

—How can I turn on the computer? 我怎样才能打开电脑呢？

—By pressing this button. 按这个按钮。

[相关链接]

by 是个常用介词，其他用法还有：

①表示位置，意思是“在……旁边”，“靠近……”，有时可与beside互换。

The girls are playing by (beside) the lake. 女孩们正在湖边玩。

此时要注意它与介词near有所不同，即by 表示的距离更“近”。 比较：

He lives by the sea. 他住在海滨。 He lives near the sea. 他住在离海不远处。

②表示交通方式，意为“乘坐”，后接表示交通工具的名词（如 bus, bike, train, plane, car, taxi, ship等）或与交通工具密切相关的名词（如air, water, land, road等），在句中主要用作方式状语，其中通常不用冠词或其他限定词。

…… …… 余下全文

by小结

1.用于被动语态的句子中,表示动作的执行者,意为“被;由”。

He was praised by the teacher.他受到了老师的表扬。 The book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。

2.表示方式、方法、手段等,后常接无冠词的名词或动名词,意为“通过;靠;用”。

Don't judge a person by appearances. 勿以貌取人。 He made a living by teaching.他以教书为生。

3.表示时间,意为“到……时(为止”或“不迟于……”。

He ought to be here by now.他现在应该在这儿了。 By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语单词。

4.表示(增减)程度,尺寸数量等,意为“至……的程度”。

the bullet missed me by two inches.那子弹以两英寸之差未击中我。 the rope needs to be longer by two feet.这绳子需要再长两英尺。

5.表示交通路线或工具,后接名词不用冠词,意为“乘;坐”。

go by bus / plane / train 乘汽车(飞机、火车)去 travel by land / sea / air 陆上(海上、空中)旅行

6.表示位置,意为“在近旁;在……旁边”。

There is a pumping station by the river.河边有个抽水站。

下面结合高考试卷和其它一些例句做一下归纳：

一、by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在…旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。 She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the

…… …… 余下全文

词by的用法讲与练

初中英语课本中，多次出现了介词by，用法归纳起来大致有如下几种： 1．表示位置：“在??旁边，靠近??”，表示此意时，常可与beside换用。如：

Some are drawing by（beside）the lake．

2．表示时间：“到??为止，不迟于”，常与过去完成时连用，当by引导的是未来的时间状语时，可用一般将来时。如：

How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? Your son will be all right by supper time．

3．表示旅行、运输等的路线、工具或方法：“由??，经??，乘??通过??”。如：

Every day he went there by train．

The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing． 4．与反身代词oneself连用，表示独自、单独或没有人帮助（全凭本人）。如：

I can’t leave her by herself． 5．用于被动结构中，意为“由、被”。如： The pupils were given some advice by the pianist． 6．用于某些固定短语中。如： by the way顺便，顺便问一下 by and by不久以后 little by little逐渐地 by hand用手

【练习】根据提示，用含有by的短语完成下列各题： 1．Come and sit _____（我旁边）．

2．_____（到上星期日）I had finished the book． 3．She came home _____（乘飞机）．

4．Did you make the desk _____（自己独自）?

…… …… 余下全文

介词by的用法归纳

介词by可以用来表示方位、时间、手段等,其用法在高考中曾多次出现。下面结合高考试卷和其它一些例句做一下归纳：

一、by+地点名词。表方位，意为：“在?旁边”。如：by the lake/river/tree/window/door等。 She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path.(NMET90)她搜索了山顶，然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息。

After supper she would sit down by the fire,sometimes for as long as an hour,thinking of her young and happy days.(20xx上海?春）晚饭后，她常坐在火旁，有时长达一个小时地回忆她那青春、快乐的年代。

注：有时可表:“从?旁经过”,多与动词go/walk/pass等连用。

As we boys were rushing towards the playground,Jim slipped by the table.(NMET92完形）当我们这些男生冲向操场时，吉姆从桌旁溜过。

二、by+时间名词。意为：“到?时（已发生某事），此时谓语多用完成时；最晚、不迟于?，在?之前”。如：by now/then/this time/next Friday/the end of/three o`clock等。

By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed.(20xx上海?春）到去年年底，又有一座新体育馆峻工了。

The train leaves at 6:00 pm.So I have to be at the station by 5:40 pm at the latest.(NMET97)火车下午六点开，所以最晚我得五点四十赶到车站。

…… …… 余下全文