一．主语从句

主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

It is in the morning that the murder took place.

It is John that broke the window.

2. 用it 作形式主语的结构

(1) It is ＋名词＋从句

It is a fact that … 事实是…

It is an honor that …非常荣幸

It is common knowledge that …是常识

(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句

It is natural that… 很自然…

It is strange that… 奇怪的是…

(3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句

It seems that… 似乎…

It happened that… 碰巧…

(4) it ＋过去分词＋从句

It is reported that… 据报道…

It has been proved that… 已证实…

3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况

(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)

That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)

(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)

That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)

(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)

Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)

(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)

Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)

4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

1) What you said yesterday is right.

2) That she is still alive is a consolation.

二．宾语从句

宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。

1. 作动词的宾语

(1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：

I heard that be joined the army.

(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：

1) She did not know what had happened.

2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.

(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：

She told me that she would accept my invitation.

2. 作介词的宾语

例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.

3. 作形容词的宾语

例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.

That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：

Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud,

surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

4. It 可以作为形式宾语

It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：

We heard it that she would get married next month..

5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词

这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：

I admire their winning the match. (right)

I admire that they won the match. (wrong)

6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：

He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)

He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)

7. 否定的转移

若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）

三．表语从句

表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：

1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.

2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people

3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.

4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.

四．同位语从句

同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

1. 同位语从句的功能

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：

1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.

2. 同位语在句子中的位置

同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别

(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：

1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

第二篇：名词性从句讲解

名词性从句

一： examples: is more practice. is still a question.

I don’t know where he lives.

This is where he lives . = This is the place where he lives.

Give it to whomever you trust.

I find it That wasShe looked Mr Smith leftthat our team had won the match.

We can’t believe ththat he told us.

（That 引导的定从句与同位语从句的区别）

二：名词性从句引导词（连接词）

a. 连词：that ; if /whether ;

b. 连接代词what /whatever

which /whichever

who/ whoever

whom/whomever

whose

c. 连接副词when /whenever / where / whevever / why/ how

That 从句：

1. 主语从句： it

That we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us.

（主谓一致）

It is +adj +that … It is obvious that he is the best .

It is +n +that ... It is no wonder that he won the first prize.

It is +done +that …it is reported that he has gone abroad.

2. 宾语从句：

(that) he has joined the army?

she had been there and she liked it very much.

d. I know nothing about his career he is a graduate of Oxford University. He differed from classmates he devoted his spare time to reading. You may depend on it that I shall always help you.

3. 同位语从句：

(fact, hope, desire, thought , suggestion, idea, news, problem, possility ,chance ) News came from the school office ____ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

总结that 的省略问题

4. 表语从句：

The reason ____ he was late was ____ he got up late this morning.

What 从句 :

1. What he said is right.

2. We finally reached ____is now the USA.

A. which B. what C. where D. that

3. She is not ____ she used to be .A. who B. what C. which D. that

4.____ is known to us all is that the 20xx Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It B. what C. As D. Which

5. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ___ it was 20 years ago.

A. what B. that C. which

6. After ____ seemed to a long time , he came back to life.

A. it B. what c. which D. when

7. The manager asked ___ was the matter? (语序问题)

8. A modern city has been set up in ___ was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

9.It is not always easy for the public to see ____ use a new invention can be of to human life.

A. whose B. what C. which D. that

10. He is ____ is generally called a traitor.

11.Our income is now double / ten times ____ it was ten years ago.

Whether or if

1. The problem is _____ he will recover.

2. I have no idea ____ he will recover.

3. ____he will come is doubtful.

4. I don’t care _____ or not he comes.

5. I don’t know _____ to go there

6. It denpends on ____ you can do the work well.

7. I don’t care ____ he doesn’t come.

其他引导词：

1. It's a matter of __ _ would take the position.

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

I will give the dictionary to ___wants to have it.

无论谁违反法律，他都将受到惩罚。

---Could you do me a favour?

--- It depends on ___ it is

a. What b. whatever

2.

This is where our problem lies. She walked up to where he stood.

Tomorrow is when it would be most convenient.

There is so many books on the shelf that I don't know which I should read first.

3. This book can be of help to ___ wants to do the job.

A. who B. whomever c. no matter who D. whoever

Exercises :

1. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game.

A. why b. what c. who D. that

2. we haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

A. if B. where C. whether D. that

3. ______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. what B. who C. Whatever D. Whoever

4. _____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

A. Anyone B. The one C. whoever D. who

5. It is obvious to the students ___ they should get well prepared for their future.

A. as B. which C. whether D. that

6. we should consider the students’ request _____ the school library provide more books .

a. that b. when c. which d.where

7. –Is there any possibility _______ you could pick me up at the airport ?

--- No problem.

A. when B. that C. whether D. what

8. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _____ it takes to save her life.

A. whicheverB. howeverC. whatever D. whoever

9. Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom?

A. that B. what C. as D. which

10.People in Chongqing are proud of _____ they have achieved in the past ten years.

A. that B. which C. what D. how

11. This book can be of help to ___ wants to do the job.

A. who B. whomever c. no matter who D. whoever

12. The fact has worried many scientists ___ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

A. what B. which C. that D. though

13. ____ made the school proud was __ more than 90 percent of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A. What . because B. what , that c. that , what D. That , because

14. I want to be liked and loved for ____ I am inside.

A. who B. where c. what d. how

15.He is ___ is known as a hacker- he secretly uses or changes the information in other peoples’ computer systems.

A. that B. who C. which D. what

16. It is not expected ___ he said caused so much discussion at the meeting.

A. that B. what that C. what D. that what

17.It was ____ he said ___ disppointed me.

A. what , that B. that , that c. what , what D. that , that

18. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is __ I disagree.

A. why B. where C. what D. how

19.Why not try your luck downtown, bob? That’s ___ the best jobs are.

A. where B what C. when D. why

总结名词性从句解题技巧：

1. ____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A. It B. This C. What D. As

2. Of one thing I am certain ____ he will come back sooner or later.

A. what B. which C. that

3. Our school has declare ___ our headmaster thinks is energetic, clever, and has good personal characters and qualities will be put in the position of school leadership.

A. that B. who C. whoever D. whomever

4. it is uncertain ___ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A. that B. what C. how D. whether

5. I want to be liked and loved for ____ I am inside.

A. who B. where c. what d. how

6..Of one thing I am certain __ hard work contributes to good results.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

7. it is not expected ___ he said caused so much discussion at the meeting.

A. that B. what that C. what D. that what

8. it is not necessary to explain the truth__ there are air, water and sunlight, there are living thing.

A. in wherever B. that wherever

C. which D. that

9. The proposal had been put forward, and then ___ the question ___ we were to get the proofs needed.

A. rose ; what B. came; that

C. aroused; how D. arose ; where

10. we will all appreciate __ you can come to join us in developing our hometown.

A. that if B. it if C. it that D. that when

12. It was ____ he said ___ disppointed me.

A. what , that B. that , that c. what , what D. that , that

13. ____ made the school proud was __ more than 90 percent of the students had been admitted to key universities.

A. What . because B. what , that c. that , what D. That , because