定语从句

在复合句(包括主句和从句)中, . 定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 如:

·The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的. ·You must do everything that I do.你必须做我所做的一切.

其中man 和everything 均为先行词,分别受到其后的定语从句who lives next to us 和that I do 的修饰.

初中阶段要掌握的是由that, which, who, whom 等关系代词引导的定语从句.关系代词可在从句中作主语,宾语或表语.通常which指事物,who指人(作宾语时用whom), that 既可指人也可指物. 但在使用时有所区别.

(一) 下列情况,.

1. 先行词是等不定代词或由不定代词时. 如:

·All that is worth doing should be done well.一切值得做的事都应该做好.

2. 时. 如:

·There is little money that I can spend on books. 我几乎无钱买书.

·The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察.

3. . 如:

·We will never forget the first lesson (that) our chemistry teacher gave us. 化学老师上的第一课我们永远难忘.

4. . 如:

·What is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope? 显微镜下能看见最小的东西是做什么?

5. . 如:

·The visitor spoke highly of the children and the performances (that) they saw at the Children’s Palace. 来宾们高度评价他们在少年宫见到的孩子们及其表演.

6. 当主句为who 或which开头的特殊疑问句时, 为避免重复, that. 如:

·Which of us that knows any English doesn’t know the meaning of UFO? 我们懂英语的人中谁不知道UFO的意思?

7. 当关系代词在定语从句用. 如:

·Tom is not the boy (that) he used to be. 汤姆已不是过去的那个男孩了.

8. . 如:

·There is something that I must deal with right now. 我有事必须马上处理.

9. 等时, 用that, 如:

·The real problem with pollution is people- the way(that) people think about their environment. 污染的实质问题是人-人们在考虑其自身环境时就是这样想的.

(二) 下列情况, .

1. . 如:

·Let’s discuss the question, which we are interested in. 咱们讨论下这个问题, 这个问题我们大家都很感兴趣.

2. . 如:

·His house, for which he paid 10,000 Yuan ten years ago, is now worth.30,000 Yuan.他的房子现

在值三万元, 十年前他是花一万元买的.

(三) 下列情况, 定语从句须用who(whom)引导.

1. 当先行词. 如:

·Any who breaks the law will be punished. 任何人犯了法都会受到惩罚.

2. 先行词为. 如:

·Those who hadn’t bought the ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall. 那些未买着票的人拥挤在候车室里.

3. , 但如直接

位于介词后作宾语时, 只能用whom. 如:

·The guest (who/ whom) I ‘ll first introduce to you is a little girl. 我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘.

·I met a few friends of mine, among whom one was my old classmate.

我遇见了几位朋友, 其中一位是我的老同学.

第二篇：初三定语从句总结

定语从句

在复合句(包括主句和从句)中, 修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句. 定语从句必须放在被修饰的词之后.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词. 如:

·The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.住在我们隔壁的那个人是卖蔬菜的. ·You must do everything that I do.你必须做我所做的一切.

其中man 和everything 均为先行词,分别受到其后的定语从句who lives next to us 和that I do 的修饰.

初中阶段要掌握的是由that, which, who, whom 等关系代词引导的定语从句.关系代词可在从句中作主语,宾语或表语.通常which指事物,who指人(作宾语时用whom), that 既可指人也可指物. 但在使用时有所区别.

(一) 下列情况,.

1. 先行词是等不定代词或由词时. 如:

·All that is worth doing should be done well.一切值得做的事都应该做好.

2. . 如: ·There is little money that I can spend on books. 我几乎无钱买书.

·The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助于警察.

3. . 如:

·We will never forget the first lesson (that) our chemistry teacher gave us. 化学老师上的第一课我们永远难忘.

4. . 如:

·What is the smallest thing that can be seen under a microscope? 显微镜下能看见最小的东西是做什么?

5. . 如:

·The visitor spoke highly of the children and the performances (that) they saw at the Children’s Palace. 来宾们高度评价他们在少年宫见到的孩子们及其表演.

6. 当主句为who 或which开头的特殊疑问句时, 为避免重复, that. 如:

·Which of us that knows any English doesn’t know the meaning of UFO? 我们懂英语的人中谁不知道UFO的意思?

7. 当关系代词在定语从句用. 如:

·Tom is not the boy (that) he used to be. 汤姆已不是过去的那个男孩了.

8. . 如:

·There is something that I must deal with right now. 我有事必须马上处理.

9. 等时, 用that, 如:

·The real problem with pollution is people- the way(that) people think about their environment. 污染的实质问题是人-人们在考虑其自身环境时就是这样想的.

(二) 下列情况, .

1. . 如:

·Let’s discuss the question, which we are interested in. 咱们讨论下这个问题, 这个问题我们大家都很感兴趣.

2. . 如:

·His house, for which he paid 10,000 Yuan ten years ago, is now worth.30,000 Yuan.他的房子现在值三万元, 十年前他是花一万元买的.

(三) 下列情况, 定语从句须用who(whom)引导.

1. 当先行词. 如:

·Any who breaks the law will be punished. 任何人犯了法都会受到惩罚.

2. 先行词为. 如:

·Those who hadn’t bought the ticket for the train crowded in the waiting hall. 那些未买着票的人拥挤在候车室里.

3. , 但如直接位于介

词后作宾语时, 只能用whom. 如:

·The guest (who/ whom) I ‘ll first introduce to you is a little girl. 我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘.

·I met a few friends of mine, among whom one was my old classmate.

我遇见了几位朋友, 其中一位是我的老同学.

习题

I. Use which, that, who, whom to fill in the blanks:

1. Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?

2. All ______ is good for you should be done well.

3. Mr. Smith, _______ gave a talk several months ago, will come again.

4. The only thing _______ she could do was to ask the police for help.

5. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.

6. We will never forget the first lesson _______ our English teacher gave us.

7. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_______ cost me more than 100 yuan .

8. What is the smallest thing _______ can be seen with our eyes.

9. My uncle has come back from abroad, ________ I haven’t met for along time.

10. I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.

11. That is the girl from ________ he borrowed it.

12. Anyone _____ breaks the law will be punished.

13.She missed the last bus, ______ made her walk all the way home.

第三篇：定语从句总结

定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主语的全部内容。通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。定语从句的三种功能：1.连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句

2.指代功能：指代先行词

3.语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分

(定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种)

that which who whom whose when where why

注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、定语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。

1.

① A plane is a machine 作主语)

The dog 作主语)

② The number of people Here comes the girl wants to see you .

2.

① The noodles （作宾语）

This is the book that / which I want to read .

The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father . ② The girl Mr Li is a manwe should lear from .

3. 关系代词在从句中做定语

① The novelcover was broken blongs to me .

② Henery is the boymother is our English teacher .

I know the person company produces computers .

This is the person

4. 关系代词在句中作表语时可省略（只能用that）

She is not the girl

定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择

1. 明确关系代词，关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用

关系代词which , that , who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语

关系副词when , where, why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语，只缺时间、地点或原因状语

2. 分析句子结构，明确句法成分

关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果定语从句中谓语动词是及物动词，应观察其后有无宾语。如果没宾语，则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关系代词which或that。如果句子中有宾语，就考虑关系副词when或where等

关系副词（when , where , why ）

1. When的用法（在定语从句中做时间状语）

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing .

We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm .

He came at a time when (at which ) we needed help .

2. where的用法（在定语从句中做地点状语）

This is the house where we lived last year .

The factory where his father works is in the west of the city .

After living in Pairs for fifty years , he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child .

3. why的用法（在定语从句中做原因状语）

There are several reasons why we can’t do that .

He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school . Is this the reason why ( for which ) he refused our offer ?

The reason why ( for which ) she was ill is that she had eaten bad meat .

4. 比较

I’ll never forget the days that / which I spent with my teacher .

I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you .

It is the house that / which was built two years ago .

It is the house where / in which I was born .

The reason which / that he gave was an excuse .

The reason why he was late was the rain .

Do you know the reason why he didn’t turn up ?

只能用that的定语从句

1. 先行词为不定代词all everying nothing anything little much none时或被这些词修饰时 ，关系代词只用that

All that can be done has been done .

2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时，只用that

This is the most beautiful park that I have visited .

The Titanic is the most dangerous film that I’ve ever seen .

The best one that I’ll choose will be you .

3. 当先行词被序数词the first , the second , the last等修饰时，只用that The first lesson that we have learned will never be easily forgotten .

This is the last class that we will have this term .

4. 当先行词被the only , the very , the last修饰时，只用that

( some any few much no very only )

The only student that may be elected is in our class .

I have no question that will be asked .

There was little that interested him at the meeting .

This is the very book that I am looking for .

5. 当先行词既指人又指物时

We often talk about the persons and things that we remember .

The characters and the animals that are in the picture are very native . The train ran over a boy and his dog that were just crossing the railroad .

6. 当主语是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that

Who is the girl that is standing there ?

Who is the boy that shook hands with you just now ？

Which is the hotel that you stayed at last month ?

7. 当way做先行词时，关系代词可以有三种形式 ①that ②in which ③×

I don’t like the way that / in which / × you speak to your mother like that .

8. 先行词在句中作表语

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be .

定语从句练习：

1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.

A. that B. who C. whom D. this

2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.

A. whom B. which C. who D. /

3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.

A. that B. whose C. which D. as

4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A. the one B. which C. who D. whom

6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.

A. which B. that C. / D. it

7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.

A. which B. in which C. that D. all

9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.

A. which B. whom C. whose D. this

10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.

A. who B. whom C. which D. /

11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.

A. was B. were C. is D. are

12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.

A. whom B. who C. / D. he

13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.

A. who live next door B. which lives next door

C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door

14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.

A. which B. whom C. that D. who

15. The farm _____ we stayed last week is a lovely place for a holiday.

A. when B. where C. that D. at that

16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.

A. what B. which C. as D. ./

17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.

A. in that B. when C. where D. there

18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?

A. where B. in that C. that D. which

19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.

A. when B. where C. that D. which

20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?

A. that B. when C. what D. on that

21. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.

A. when B. that C. where D. in which

22. October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.

A. which B. when C. where D. in which

23. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?

A. which B. where C. in which D. what

25. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

26. Have you seen the girl _____?

A. that I told B. I told you of C. whom I told D. I told of

28. Finally the thief handed in everything _____ he had stolen to the police.

A. which B. that C. what D. whatever

29. The lecture spoke of some writers and novels _____ were known to us all.

A. which B. that C. who D. what

30. I can still remember the sitting room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.

A. what B. which C. that D. where

32. The only question _____ is to find our way home.

A. that mattered B. that matters C. which mattered D. matter

34. The farmers used wood to build a house _____ grain can be stored.

A. with which B. where C. in that D. which

1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

-Yes， he’s our headmaster.

A. he B. who C. which D. whom

2. Is this the river _____I can swim？

A. which B. in which C. that D. the one

3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.

A. where B. which C. that D. it

4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？

A. that you bought B. you bought it

C. that you bought it D. which you bought it

5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.

A. which agrees B. who agree

C. who agrees D. which agree

6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.

A. that B. it C. which who

7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A. who’s B. whose C. that of which.

8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.

A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was

9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.

A. that B. which C. where D. who

10. The world ______ is made up of matter.

A. in that we live B. on which we live

C. where we live in D. we live in

Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词that， which， who， whom填空。

1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.

2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.

3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.

4. The house _____we live in is very old.

5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？

参考答案：

I. 1-5BBCAC 6-10 ABCCD

Ⅱ. 1. that 2. which / that 3. who / that 4. that / which 5. who/ whom/ that

Keys：1-5ACABA 6-10BCCAD 11-15CBDDB 16-20DCABB 21-25.BBADD 26-30.BDBBD 31-34ABDB