国贸1103 吴仕聪 2011110440

合同法与公约在买卖货物上的区别

国际货物买卖合同公约是由联合国国际贸易法委员制定，并且由76个国 签署的文件。但是由于其跨越了国家的范围，并不能使某个国家机器对其产生晓丽，所以它是以个惯例性质的条文或协议，并不是一个法律。如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律的除外。并且只同意《公约》适用于缔约国的当事人之间签订的合同。在独立存在的情况下，它并没有法律效力，签署国范围内的当事双方，可以在合同中明确规定不适用该公约，除非另有协议表示受其约束。或者双方当事人默示地同意。而中国合同法是一部中国国内的成文法律，它对国内产生的所有合同都有约束和法律效力。不论合同中有没有注明是否适用，都视为强制约束，具有明显的强制力和约束力。

根据对比中国合同法第九章买卖合同分则和国际货物买卖合同公约，可以找到以下的不同之处：

一、标的物

中国的合同法中规定的买卖货物，既包括实体的货物，也包括服务。而国际货物买卖合同公约第三条规定：“本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同。”

二、合同的形式

公约中第十一条明确规定：销售合同无须以书面订立或书面证明，在形式方面也不受任何其它条件的限制。销售合同可以用包括人证在内的任何方法证明。 合同法第九章第十条：当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。法律、行政法规规定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。当事人约定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。第十一条： 书面形式是指合同书、信件和数据电文(包括电报、电传、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件)等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。

通过对比，我们可以发现细节，公约中接受人证的证明方法。而合同法中并不包括人证，仅有书面和口头等方式，并且两者对于书面的规定也有所不同，公约中的书面仅仅指电报和电传。“第十三条，为本公约的目的，“书面”包括电报和电传。”而我国合同法显然包括更多的内容。

三、约束的程度

公约中第二十五条：一方当事人违反合同的结果，如使另一方当事人蒙受损害，以致于实际上剥夺了他根据合同规定有权期待得到的东西，即为根本违反合同，除非违反合同一方并不预知而且一个同等资格、通情达理的人处于相同情况中也没有理由预知会发生这种结果。

其中提到，重视调查违反合同的原因，并且对确实可能发生的原因给予一定的赦免，而合同法是非常依照于条文的，违反合同就是违反合同。没有太多可以变通的空间。

四、货物的检验

此方面的对比也恰恰能体现上一条的结果。在公约中规定第三十八条：（1）买方必须在按情况实际可行的最短时间内检验货物或由他人检验货物。

而相比中国合同法第一百五十七条：买受人收到标的物时应当在约定的检验期间内检验。没有约定检验期间的，应当及时检验。

可以看出，合同法关于检验货物给出的是相对紧缚的约束，并不考虑实际的情况，当然，合同法也给了双方商定检验时间的权利。但是，一旦超出此商定的时间而没有另行协议补充，将视为违约。至于公约的规定，可能就需要更多的实际调查了。

五、对第三人的规定

合同法买卖合同分则第一百五十条：出卖人就交付的标的物，负有保证第三人不得向买受人主张任何权利的义务，但法律另有规定的除外。

第一百五十一条：买受人订立合同时知道或者应当知道第三人对买卖的标的物享有权利的，出卖人不承担本法第一百五十条规定的义务。

公约第四十一条：卖方所交付的货物，必须是第三方不能提出任何权利或要求的货物，除非买方同意在这种权利或要求的条件下。

对比可以看到，合同法中对于第三人的规定买受人知道即视为同意，也就是说，出卖人只需告知买受人情况，就能不必保证第三人会不会对标的物宣张权利，合同照常进行。而公约中规定，这项内容必须通过买受人的同意，否则，本合同进行不下去。

六、对违约与合同解除的界定

中国合同法中规定：第一百六十五条 标的物为数物，其中一物不符合约定的，买受人可以就该物解除，但该物与他物分离使标的物的价值显受损害的，当事人可以就数物解除合同。

第一百六十四条 因标的物的主物不符合约定而解除合同的，解除合同的效力及于从物。因标的物的从物不符合约定被解除的，解除的效力不及于主物。

第一百六十六条 出卖人分批交付标的物的，出卖人对其中一批标的物不交付或者交付不符合约定，致使该批标的物不能实现合同目的的，买受人可以就该批标的物解除。

出卖人不交付其中一批标的物或者交付不符合约定，致使今后其他各批标的物的交付不能实现合同目的的，买受人可以就该批以及今后其他各批标的物解除。 买受人如果就其中一批标的物解除，该批标的物与其他各批标的物相互依存的，可以就已经交付和未交付的各批标的物解除。

公约第五十一条（1）如果卖方只交付一部分货物，或者交付的货物中只有一部分符合合同规定，第四十六条至第五十条的规定适用于缺漏部分及不符合同规定部分的货物。（2）买方只有在完全不交付货物或不按照合同规定交付货物等于根本违反合同时，才可以宣告整个合同无效。

可以看出，公约中规定，出卖方没有按照合同规定交货，就很有可能被买受人拒绝从而宣布合同无效，而合同法中规定的是需要考察交货方面的违约是否影

响到买受方整体的利益。可以想象，中国合同法在合同解除的方面对出卖方给予了交多的保护。

除以上几点外，我认为两者在货物运输的方面也有很大的区别。由于公约涉及到货物的国际运输，必然在规定运输方面有更多更精细的规定，而合同法在这方面的规定数量远远没有公约多。

第二篇：标准国际货物销售合同

标准国际货物销售合同（中英对照）

CONTRACT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE

第一部分  特别条款
Part I   SPECIFIC CONDITIONS
 
　　该特别条款不限制当事人双方作出另外的约定。
　　These Specific Conditions does not prevent the parties from agreeing other terms or further details in box I-16 or in one or more annexes.
 
卖    方：　　　　　　　　　　　　　买    方：
SELLER:________________　　　　　　BUYER: ______________________        
  
地址（Address）: ___________   　　　　　地址（Address）: ___________________
电话（Tel）: _____________       　　　　电话（Tel）: ___________________
传真（Fax）: _____________       　　　　传真（Fax）: ___________________
电邮（E-mail）:____________    　　　　　电邮（E-mail）: ___________________
  
联   系   人：　　　　　　　　　联    系    人：
CONTACT PERSON: _________       CONTACT PERSON:_______________
 
地址（Address）: ___________　　　　地址（Address）: ___________________  
电话（Tel）: _____________        　电话（Tel）: ___________________
传真（Fax）:_____________　　　　　传真（Fax）:___________________
电邮（E-mail）: ____________     　 电邮（E-mail）: ___________________
 
　　本销售合同由第一部分的特别条款（相应的栏目中应填写了内容）和第二部分的一般条款组成，并受该两部分的约束。
　　The present contract of sale will be governed by these Specific Conditions (to the extent that the relevant boxes have been completed) and by the General Conditions of Sale  which constitute part II of this document.
 
I-1  销售的货物
I-1  Goods sold _____________

 
　　货物的品名及规格
　　description of the goods
 
　　若空白处不够填写，可使用附件。
　　an annex may be used If there is insufficient space.
 
I-2  合同价款（第4条）
I-2  CONTRACT PRICE (ART. 4)
  
货  币：
Currency:
用数字表述的金额：                         用文字表述的金额：
amount in numbers:______ ____________________               amount in letters:_______________
  
I-3  交货贸易术语
I-3  DELIVERY TERMS
 
推荐的贸易术语（依照《20##年国际贸易术语解释通则》）
Recommended terms (according to Incoterms 2000):
______ EXW 工厂交货（Ex Works）          指定地点（named place）:______
______ FCA 货交承运人（Free Carrier） 指定地点（named place）:______
______ CPT 运费付至（Carriage Paid To ）指定目的地（named  place of destination）:_____
______ CIP 运费、保险费付至            指定目的地:_________________________
　　　　 （Carriage and Insurance Paid To）named place of destination:______
______ DAF 边境交货（Delivered At Frontier）指定地点（ named place）:____
______ DDU 未完税交货                   指定目的地:_______________________
（Delivered Duty Unpaid）    named place of destination:  ____
______ DDP 完税后交货                   指定目的地: _______________________
（Delivered Duty Paid）        named place of destination: ____
其它贸易术语（依照《20##年国际贸易术语解释通则》）
Other terms (according to Incoterms 2000)
______ FAS 船边交货                    指定装运港：_______________________
（Free Alongside Ship）      named port of shipment: ____
______ FOB 船上交货                    指定装运港：_______________________
（Free On Board） named port of shipment: ____
______ CFR 成本加运费                  指定目的港：_______________________
（Cost and Freight）               named port of destination:____
______ CIF 成本、运费加保险费           指定目的港：___________________
（Cost Insurance and Freight ）named port of destination:____
______ DES 目的港船上交货               指定目的港：_____________________
（Delivered Ex Ship）          named port of destination:____
______ DEQ 目的港码头交货               指定目的港：_______________________
（Delivered Ex Quay）          named port of destination:____
 
其它交货贸易术语：
Other delivery terms：
承运人（当需要时）
CARRIER (where applicable)
地址（Address）: ___________       
电话（Tel）: _____________                            
传真（Fax）: _____________                         
电邮（E-mail）: _____________
联系人：
CONTACT PERSON: _________              
　　　地址（Address）: ___________                    
　　　电话（Tel）: _____________                        
　　　传真（Fax）: _____________                     
　　　电邮（E-mail）: _____________
  
I-4   交货时间
I-4  TIME OF DELIVERY
  
（在此处注明卖方依照相应的贸易术语中第A4款的规定必须履行交付货物义务的日期或期限）
Indicate here the date or period (e.g. week or month) at which or within which the Seller must perform his delivery obligations according to clause A.4 of the respective Incoterm. 

I-5  买方对货物的检验（第3条）
I-5  INSPECTION OF THE GOODS BY BUYER (ART. 3)
     装运之前（Before shipment）____天（date）检验地（place of inspection）: __________________ 其它（Other）: ________________
 
I-6  货物所有权的保留（第7条）
I-6  retention of title (ART. 7)
____ 是（YES）
____ 否（NO）
 
I-7  付款条件（第5条）
I-7  PAYMENT CONDITIONS (ART. 5)
     往来帐户付款（第5.1条）
___ Payment on open account (art. 5.1)    
 
付款时间（如与第5.1条的规定不同）〔Time for payment (if different from art. 5.1) ：开出发票之日起____ 天。其它：_____________days from date of invoice. Other: _______开立需要即期担保或备用信用证保证的帐户（第5.5条）  __ Open account backed by demand guarantee or standby letter of credit (art. 5.5)
 
　　预先付款（第5.2条）
___ Payment in advance (art. 5.2)
     日期（如与第5.2条规定不同）：_________      总价款_____  合同价款的___%
     Date (if different from art. 5.2): ____________ Total price      ______% of the price
 
      跟单托收（第5.5条）
___ Documentary Collection (art. 5.5)    
 
     ___付款交单(D/P Documents against payment     )_________
承兑交单(D/A Documents against acceptance)_______
不可撤销的跟单信用证（第5.3条）
___ Irrevocable documentary credit (art. 5.3)
___保兑（Confirmed） ___ 非保兑（Unconfirmed）
发出地（如适用时）〔Place of issue (if applicable)〕: _________  
保兑地（如适用时）〔Place of confirmation (if applicable)〕: _________
     款项的取得（Credit available）: 
     __ 即期付款（By payment at sight）
     __ 延期付款（By deferred payment at）: ___ 天（days）       
     __ 承兑汇票（By acceptance of drafts at）: ___ 天（days）
     __ 议付（By negotiation）
     部分装运（Partial shipments）:  __ 允许（Allowed）     __不允许（Not allowed）
转运（Transhipment）: __ 允许（Allowed）      __ 不允许（Not allowed）
必须向卖方通知跟单信用证的日期（如果与第5.3条不同）：
交货日前______天             其它：_______________
     Date on which the documentary credit must be notified to seller (if different from art. 5.3)
     ________ days before date of delivery    __ other: _____________
____ 其它（Other）: _______________
     比如：采用支票、银行汇票、电子资金转让至卖方指定的银行帐户。 (e.g. cheque, bank draft, electronic funds transfer to designated bank account of seller)

I-8  单证
I-8  DOCUMENTS
（在此处注明卖方提供的单证。建议当事人对照其在特别条款第I-3款中选定的贸易术语。）
Indicate here documents to be provided by Seller. Parties are advised to check the Incoterm they have selected under I-3 of these Specific Conditions.
__ 装运单证（Transport documents）: 注明要求提交的装运单证的类型（indicate type of transport document required ）_________
__ 商业发票（Commercial Invoice）              __ 原产地证书（Certificate of origin）
__ 装箱单（Packing list）           __ 检验证书（Certificate of inspection）
__ 保险单（Insurance document） __ 其它单证（Other）: ____________

I-9  解除合同日期
I-9  CANCELLATION DATE
（当双方要修改第10.3条时，才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify article 10.3
不论何种原因（包括不可抗力），如果货物在____年___月___日之前不能交付，买方有权通知卖方立即解除合同。
If the goods are not delivered for any reason whatsoever (including force majeure) by (date) _______ the Buyer will be entitled to CANCEL THE CONTRACT IMMEDIATELY BY NOTIFICATION TO THE SELLER.

I-10  迟延交货责任（第10.1、10.4和11.3条）
I-10  LIABILITY FOR DELAY (art. 10.1, 10.4 AND 11.3)
（当双方当事人要修改第10.1、10.4和11.3条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 10.1, 10.4 or 11.3
迟延交付货物约定的损害赔偿金应为：迟延交付货物价款的______％/周，最高不超过迟延交付货物价款的______％。
Liquidated damages for delay in delivery shall be:
__  ____ % (of price of delayed goods) per week, with a maximum of ____ % (of price of delayed goods)
或者（or）:
__  ________ (注明具体金额)（specify amount）.
如果因迟延交货终止合同，卖方迟延交货应支付的赔偿金限制为未交付货物价款的_____%.
In case of termination for delay, Seller,s liability for damages for delay is limited to ____ % of the price of the non-delivered goods.

I-11  货物不符约定的责任限制（第11.5条）
I-11  limitation of liability for lack of conformity (art. 11.5)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.5条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.5.
卖方由于交付不符约定的货物应承担的损害赔偿金应为：
应限于已证明的损失（包括导致的间接损失、利润损失等），不超出合同价款的______%;
Seller,s liability for damages arising from lack of conformity of the goods shall be:
___ limited to proven loss (including consequential loss, loss of profit, etc.) not exceeding ___ % of the contract price;
或者（or）:
___ 具体列举如下〔as follows (specify)〕:

I-12买方保留不符约定货物时的责任限制（第11.6条）
I-12  LIMITATION OF LIABILITY WHERE NON-CONFORMING GOODS ARE RETAINED BY THE BUYER (ART. 11.6)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.6条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.6
保留约定不符的货物所作出的价格减让应不超过：这些货物价款的_____%.
The price abatement for retained non-conforming goods shall not exceed:
___ ___% of the price of such goods。
或者（or）:
___ ________ (列明具体的数额）(specify amount)

I-13   时间限制（第11.8条）
I-13  TIME-BAR (Art.11.8)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.8条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.8.
由于交付的货物与合同约定不符，买方应自货物到达目的港之日起不迟于_____天内提出诉求（第11.8条列明的情况）。
Any action for non-conformity of the goods (as defined in article 11.8) must be taken by the Buyer not later than __________ from the date of arrival of the goods at destination.

I-14(a), I-14(b)  适用的法律（第1.2条）
I-14(a), I-14(b)  APPLICABLE LAW (Art.1.2)
（当双方当事人想适用某国法律而不适用《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》时，才应填写）
以下的做法不予推荐
to be completed only if the parties wish to submit the sale contract to a national law instead of CISG. The solution hereunder is not recommended ：
（a）本销售合同适用______________（国名）国内法。
(a) This sales contract is governed by the domestic law of __________ (country)
（当双方当事人对于《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的事项不想适用卖方所在国法律时，才应填写）
To be completed if the parties wish to choose a law other than that of the seller for questions not covered by CISG
（b）《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的任何事项，应适用______________（国名）法律。
(b) Any questions not covered by CISG will be governed by the law of ____________ (country).

I-15 其它事项
I-15  OTHER

第二部分  一般条款
Part II  general conditions
第一条  总则
Art. 1  GENERAL
1.1 这些一般条款与第一部分的特别条款一起适用于本国际货物销售合同，但也可以将这些一般条款加入其它任何的销售合同。当第二部分的一般条款独立于第一部分的特别条款使用时，第二部分对第一部分的任何援引应解释为对双方约定的对应的特别条款的援引。当这些一般条款与双方约定的任何特别条款相矛盾时，应以特别条款为准。
1.1   These General Conditions are intended to be applied together with the Specific Conditions (part I) of the International Sale Contract of Manufactured Goods, but they may also be incorporated on their own into any sale contract. Where these General Conditions (Part II) are used independently of the said Specific Conditions (Part I), any reference in Part II to Part I will be interpreted as a reference to any relevant specific conditions agreed by the parties. In case of contradiction between these General Conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon between the parties, the specific conditions shall prevail.
1.2 合同自身（即指这些一般条款和双方当事人约定的特别条款）的规定中未明示或默示处理的与本合同有关的任何事项应适用：
A．《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（1980年维也纳公约，下称《销售公约》），和
B．在《销售公约》未对这些事项作出规定时，适用卖方营业所在地国法律。
1.2    Any questions relating to this Contract which are not expressly or implicitly settled by the provisions contained in the Contract itself (i.e. these General Conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon by the parties) shall be governed:
A.  by the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (Vienna Convention of 1980, hereafter referred to as CISG), and
B.  to the extent that such questions are not covered by CISG, by reference to the law of the country where the Seller has his place of business.
1.3 援引的任何贸易术语（比如：EXW，FCA 等）应视为国际商会出版的《国际贸易术语解释通则》中对应的贸易术语。
1.3    Any reference made to trade terms (such as EXW, FCA, etc.) is deemed to be made to the relevant term of Incoterms published by the International Chamber of Commerce.
1.4 援引的国际商会的出版物应视为达成本合同时最新的版本。
1.4    Any reference made to a publication of the International Chamber of Commerce is deemed to be made to the version current at the date of conclusion of the Contract.
1.5 除非达成书面协议或有书面证据证明，任何对本合同的修改均无效。但是，当另一方信赖该方所作出的行为时，该方由于其作出的行为而不得主张该款规定。1.5    No modification of the Contract is valid unless agreed or evidenced in writing. However, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting this provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct.

第2条货物的特征
Art. 2   Characteristics of the goods
2.1 双方约定，与货物及其用途有关的任何资料，比如；包含在卖方的目录、说明书、函件、广告、图片和价目表中的重量、尺寸、容量、价格、颜色和其它数据不应作为生效的合同条款，除非在合同中明确作了约定。
2.1    It is agreed that any information relating to the goods and their use, such as weights, dimensions, capacities, prices, colours and other data contained in catalogues, prospectuses, circulars, advertisements, illustrations, price-lists of the Seller, shall not take effect as terms of the Contract unless expressly referred to in the Contract.
2.2 除非另有约定，买方不拥有购买的软件、制图等产品中的知识产权。卖方仍然是货物涉及的知识产权或工业产权的独占所有权人。
2.2 Unless otherwise agreed, the Buyer does not acquire any property rights in software, drawings, etc. which may have been made available to him. The Seller also remains the exclusive owner of any intellectual or industrial property rights relating to the goods.

第3条  货物装运前的检验
Art. 3  Inspection of the goods before shipment
如果双方约定买方有权在装运前对货物进行检验，卖方必须在装运前的合理时间内通知买方，货物在约定的地点已准备好进行检验。
If the parties have agreed that the Buyer is entitled to inspect the goods before shipment, the Seller must notify the Buyer within a reasonable time before the shipment that the goods are ready for inspection at the agreed place.

第4条  价格
Art. 4  Price
4.1 如果没有约定货物的价格，将适用达成合同时卖方最新列出的价格。若没有这样的最新列出的价格，将适用达成合同时这些货物的一般价格。
4.1    If no price has been agreed, the Seller,s current list price at the time of the conclusion of the Contract shall apply. In the absence of such a current list price, the price generally charged for such goods at the time of the conclusion of the Contract shall apply.
4.2 除非另有书面约定，货物价格不包含增值税，没有必要调整价格。
4.2    Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the price does not include VAT, and is not subject to price adjustment.
4.3 第I-2款（合同价款）注明的价款包括卖方按照本合同的约定收取的任何费用。但是，如果卖方承担了依照本合同的约定应由买方承担的费用（比如：EXW或FCA术语中的运输费或保险费），那么这些款项不应视为已包含在第I-2款项下注明的价款中，买方应予偿还。
4.3    The price indicated under I-2 (contract price) includes any costs which are at the Seller,s charge according to this Contract. However, should the Seller bear any costs which, according to this Contract, are for the Buyer,s account (e.g. for transportation or insurance under EXW or FCA), such sums shall not be considered as having been included in the price under I-2 and shall be reimbursed by the Buyer.

第5条   支付条件
Art. 5  Payment conditions
5.1 除非另有书面约定或者双方之间此前交易另有默契，买方应通过往来帐户向卖方支付价款和其它应付的款项，支付时间是开出发票之日起30日。除非另有约定，到期应付的款项应可在结算时远程转帐至卖方在其所在国开立的帐户，当相应的应付款项作为可立即存取的资金为卖方银行收到时，应视为买方履行了其付款义务。
5.1    Unless otherwise agreed in writing, or implied from a prior course of dealing between the parties, payment of the price and of any other sums due by the Buyer to the Seller shall be on open account and time of payment shall be 30 days from the date of invoice. The amounts due shall be transferred, unless otherwise agreed, by teletransmission to the Seller,s bank in the Seller,s country for the account of the Seller and the Buyer shall be deemed to have performed his payment obligations when the respective sums due have been received by the Seller,s bank in immediately available funds.
5.2 如双方约定预先付款，则无须作出进一步的表示，支付的预先付款应指全部的价款，除非另有约定。而且预先付款必须作为可立即存取的资金，在约定的交货日期或者约定的交货期限内最早的一天之前至少30日为卖方银行收到。如果双方约定仅预先支付部分合同价款，剩余价款的支付条件将按照本条款中规定的规则确定。
5.2 If the parties have agreed on payment in advance, without further indication, it will be assumed that such advance payment, unless otherwise agreed, refers to the full price, and that the advance payment must be received by the Seller,s bank in immediately available funds at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. If advance payment has been agreed only for a part of the contract price, the payment conditions of the remaining amount will be determined according to the rules set forth in this article.
5.3 如果双方约定通过跟单信用证付款，除非另有约定，买方必须按照国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定安排一家著名的银行开出一张以卖方为受益人的跟单信用证，并且在约定交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早一天前至少30日作出通知。除非另有约定，跟单信用证应为即期、允许部分装运和转运。
5.3    If the parties have agreed on payment by documentary credit, then, unless otherwise agreed, the Buyer must arrange for a documentary credit in favour of the Seller to be issued by a reputable bank, subject to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits published by the International Chamber of Commerce, and to be notified at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. Unless otherwise agreed, the documentary credit shall be payable at sight and allow partial shipments and transhipments.
5.4 如果双方约定通过跟单托收付款，那么，除非另有约定，单证应在付款时交付（付款交单），单证的交付无论如何应受国际商会出版的《托收统一规则》支配。
5.4    If the parties have agreed on payment by documentary collection, then, unless otherwise agreed, documents will be tendered against payment (D/P) and the tender will in any case be subject to the Uniform Rules for Collections published by the International Chamber of Commerce.
5.5 在双方约定付款需要银行担保支持的情况下，在约定的交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早日期之前至少30日，买方应按照国际商会出版的《即期担保统一规则》的规定提供一份即期银行担保，或者按照该规则或国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定提供一份备用信用证，在两种情况下，均应由一家著名的银行开出。
5.5    To the extent that the parties have agreed that payment is to be backed by a bank guarantee, the Buyer is to provide, at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period, a first demand bank guarantee subject to the Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees published by the International Chamber of Commerce, or a standby letter of credit subject either to such Rules or to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits published by the International Chamber of Commerce, in either case issued by a reputable bank.

第6条迟延付款时的利息
Art. 6  Interest in case of delayed payment
6.1 如果一方未支付到期款项，另一方有权从该款项到期应支付之日起对该笔款项计算利息。
6.1    If a party does not pay a sum of money when it falls due the other party is entitled to interest upon that sum from the time when payment is due to the time of payment.
6.2 除非另有约定，利率应高于付款货币在付款地适用于一般借款人的平均的银行短期贷款利率的2％，或者若在付款地没有这种利率时，适用付款货币国的相同的利率。如果在这两个地方均不存在该种利率，利率应是依照付款货币国法律确定的适当的利率。
6.2    Unless otherwise agreed, the rate of interest shall be 2% above the average bank short-term lending rate to prime borrowers prevailing for the currency of payment at the place of payment, or where no such rate exists at that place, then the same rate in the State of the currency of payment. In the absence of such a rate at either place the rate of interest shall be the appropriate rate fixed by the law of the State of the currency of payment.

第7条货物所有权的保留
Art. 7  Retention of title
如果双方对于货物所有权的保留作了有效的约定，卖方对货物保留所有权直到价款支付完毕为止，或者依另外的约定。
If the parties have validly agreed on retention of title, the goods shall remain the property of the Seller until the complete payment of the price, or as otherwise agreed.

第8条合同的交货贸易术语
Art. 8  Contractual term of delivery
除非另有约定，应采用“工厂交货”（EXW）方式交货。
Unless otherwise agreed, delivery shall be "Ex Works" (EXW).

第9条单证
Art. 9  Documents
除非另有约定，卖方必须提供适用的国际贸易术语中要求的单证（如有的话），或者如果没有适用的国际贸易术语，则按照先前交易过程确定。Unless otherwise agreed, the Seller must provide the documents (if any) indicated in the applicable Incoterm or, if no Incoterm is applicable, according to any previous course of dealing.

第10条迟延交货、不交货及其补偿
Art. 10  Late-delivery, non-delivery and remedies therefor
10.1 当迟延交付货物时，若买方将延迟的情形通知了卖方，则每延迟一个完整周，买方有权索要迟延交付货物价款0.5%或约定的其它比例的约定的赔偿金。如果买方从约定的交货日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从约定的交货日起或在约定的交货期限内的最后一日起算。如果买方从约定的交货之日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从通知之日起算。约定的迟延赔偿金不得超过迟延交付的货物价款的5%或约定的其它补偿金的最高数额。
10.1 When there is delay in delivery of any goods, the Buyer is entitled to claim liquidated damages equal to 0.5% or such other percentage as may be agreed of the price of those goods for each complete week of delay, provided the Buyer notifies the Seller of the delay. Where the Buyer so notifies the Seller within 15 days from the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the agreed date of delivery or from the last day within the agreed period of delivery. Where the Buyer so notifies the Seller after 15 days of the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the date of the notice. Liquidated damages for delay shall not exceed 5% of the price of the delayed goods or such other maximum amount as may be agreed.
10.2 如果双方当事人在第I－9条中就合同解除日期达成一致，基于货物由于任何原因（包括不可抗力事件）未能在解除合同日期前交付，买方有权通知卖方解除合同。
10.2 If the parties have agreed upon a cancellation date in Box I-9, the Buyer may terminate the Contract by notification to the Seller as regards goods which have not been delivered by such cancellation date for any reason whatsoever (including a force majeure event).
10.3  当第10.2条不适用，并且卖方在买方依照第10.1条的规定有权获得最高数额的约定赔偿金日为止仍未能交付货物时，如果货物未在卖方收到该通知之日起5日内交付给买方，买方基于这些货物的原因有权书面通知卖方解除合同。
10.3  When article 10.2 does not apply and the Seller has not delivered the goods by the date on which the Buyer has become entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages under article 10.1, the Buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the Contract as regards such goods, if they have not been delivered to the Buyer within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the Seller.
10.4 如果合同依照第10.2条或第10.3条解除，那么除了依照第10.1条已付或应付的款项外，买方有权索要不超过未交付货物价款10%的其它损失的赔偿金。
10.4 In case of termination of the Contract under article 10.2 or 10.3 then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 10.1, the Buyer is entitled to claim damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-delivered goods.
10.5 本条款项下的补偿不包括迟延交货或不交货时的其它补偿。
10.5 The remedies under this article are exclusive of any other remedy for delay in delivery or non-delivery.

第11条  货物不符约定
Art. 11  Non-conformity of the goods
11.1 买方应在货物到达目的港之后尽快检验货物，并应在买方发现或应该发现货物不符之日起15日内，将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。无论如何买方将无权因货物不符约定要求补偿，如果买方未能在货物到达约定目的港之日起12个月内将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。
11.1 The Buyer shall examine the goods as soon as possible after their arrival at destination and shall notify the Seller in writing of any lack of conformity of the goods within 15 days from the date when the Buyer discovers or ought to have discovered the lack of conformity. In any case the Buyer shall have no remedy for lack of conformity if he fails to notify the Seller thereof within 12 months from the date of arrival of the goods at the agreed destination.
11.2尽管在特定的贸易或双方之间交易当中存在一些常见的细微差异，货物仍将视为与合同相符，但买方有权获得因这些细微差异在这种贸易或交易当中通常的价款减让。
11.2    Goods will be deemed to conform to the Contract despite minor discrepancies which are usual in the particular trade or through course of dealing between the parties but the Buyer will be entitled to any abatement of the price usual in the trade or through course of dealing for such discrepancies.
11.3 当货物与合同约定不符时（并且买方依照第11.1条的规定已发出了货物不符约定的通知，而买方未在通知中选择保留货物的情况下），卖方有权选择：
（a）用符合合同约定的货物替换不符的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
（b）修复不符约定的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
（c）向买方偿还不符约定货物的已付价款，并由于货物不符合同约定而终止合同。
在依照第11.1条规定发出货物不符通知和依照上述第11.3(a)的规定提供替代货物或依照第11.3(b)的规定修复货物的日期之间，每过一个完整周，买方有权依照第10.1条的规定获得约定的赔偿金。这些赔偿金应与第10.1条项下应付的赔偿金（如有的话）累计，但无论如何不得超过这些货物价款总额的5％。
 
11.3     Where goods are non-conforming (and provided the Buyer, having given notice of the lack of conformity in compliance with article 11.1, does not elect in the notice to retain them), the Seller shall at his option:
 (a)    replace the goods with conforming goods, without any additional expense to the Buyer, or
 (b)    repair the goods, without any additional expense to the Buyer, or
 (c)    reimburse to the Buyer the price paid for the non-conforming goods and thereby terminate the Contract as regards those goods.
The Buyer will be entitled to liquidated damages as quantified under article 10.1 for each complete week of delay between the date of notification of the non-conformity according to article 11.1 and the supply of substitute goods under article 11.3(a) or repair under article 11.3(b) above. Such damages may be accumulated with damages (if any) payable under article 10.1, but can in no case exceed in the aggregate 5% of the price of those goods.
11.4 如果卖方在买方依照第11.3条的规定有权获得最高额约定的赔偿金之日为止，未能依照第11.3条的规定履行义务，买方基于货物与合同不符，有权书面通知卖方解除合同，除非卖方在收到该通知之日起5日内提供了替代货物或修复了货物。
11.4 If the Seller has failed to perform his duties under article 11.3 by the date on which the Buyer becomes entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages according to that article, the Buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the Contract as regards the non-conforming goods unless the supply of replacement goods or the repair is effected within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the Seller.
11.5 当合同依照第11.3（c）条或第11.4条的规定终止时，除了依照第11.3条支付的或应付的退款和迟延损害赔偿金外，买方有权获得不超过不符约定货物价款10％的附加损失的损害赔偿金。
11.5 Where the Contract is terminated under article 11.3(c) or article 11.4, then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 11.3 as reimbursement of the price and damages for any delay, the Buyer is entitled to damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-conforming goods.
11.6 买方选择保留不符约定的货物的，买方有权获得相当于若货物与合同相符时在约定目的地的货物价格与实际交付时在同一地的价格之间的差价。这些差价不应超过不符约定货物价款的15％。
11.6 Where the Buyer elects to retain non-conforming goods, he shall be entitled to a sum equal to the difference between the value of the goods at the agreed place of destination if they had conformed with the Contract and their value at the same place as delivered, such sum not to exceed 15% of the price of those goods.
11.7 除非另有书面约定，第11条中约定的补偿不包括任何因货物不符约定的其它救济。
11.7 Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the remedies under this article 11 are exclusive of any other remedy for non-conformity.
11.8 除非另有书面约定，在货物到达之日起两年之后，买方不得向法院或仲裁机构提出货物不符约定的诉求。双方明确约定，在该两年期限届满之后，卖方以不履行合同为由向买方提出诉求时，买方不得在答辩中主张货物不符约定，或据此提出反请求。
11.8 Unless otherwise agreed in writing, no action for lack of conformity can be taken by the Buyer, whether before judicial or arbitral tribunals, after 2 years from the date of arrival of the goods. It is expressly agreed that after the expiry of such term, the Buyer will not plead non-conformity of the goods, or make a counter-claim thereon, in defence to any action taken by the Seller against the Buyer for non-performance of this Contract. 
 
第12条双方的合作
Art. 12  Cooperation between the parties
　　12.1 买方应将其顾客或第三方提出的关于交付的货物或涉及货物的知识产权的索赔即时通知卖方。
　　12.1 The Buyer shall promptly inform the Seller of any claim made against the Buyer by his customers or third parties concerning the goods delivered or intellectual property rights related thereto.
　　12.2 卖方应即时将可能涉及买方产品责任的索赔通知买方。
　　12.2 The Seller will promptly inform the Buyer of any claim which may involve the product liability of the Buyer. 
 
第13条不可抗力
Art. 13  Force majeure
　　13.1  一方对于不履行义务不必承担责任，只要其能证明：
（a）不履行义务是由于其不能控制的阻碍，及
（b）在达成合同时，尽其所能也不能合理地预见该阻碍和其影响，及
（c）其不能合理地避免或克服该阻碍或其影响。
13.1 A party is not liable for a failure to perform any of his obligations in so far as he proves:
　　(a)　that the failure was due to an impediment beyond his control, and
　　(b)　that he could not reasonably be expected to have taken into account the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform at the time of the conclusion of the Contract, and
　　(c)　that he could not reasonably have avoided or overcome it or its effects.
　　13.2 主张免责的一方，尽其所能在知道该阻碍及其影响时，只要可行应将该阻碍及其影响通知另一方。当免责事由消除时，也要发出通知。
　　13.2 A party seeking relief shall, as soon as practicable after the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform become known to him, give notice to the other party of such impediment and its effects on his ability to perform. Notice shall also be given when the ground of relief ceases. 
 
　　未发出两种通知中任一种通知的一方，应对本应可以避免的损失承担损害赔偿责任。
　　Failure to give either notice makes the party thus failing liable in damages for loss which otherwise could have been avoided.
 
  　13.3 在不违反第10.2条的前提下，本条款规定的免责事由使不能履行义务的一方免除了支付损害赔偿金、罚金和其它合同制裁的责任，但只要该事由存在并持续，对于支付拖欠款项利息的责任则不能免除。
　　13.3 Without prejudice to article 10.2, a ground of relief under this clause relieves the party failing to perform from liability in damages, from penalties and other contractual sanctions, except from the duty to pay interest on money owing as long as and to the extent that the ground subsists.
 
  　13.4 如果免责的事由持续存在超过六个月，任何一方均有权通知解除合同。
 13.4 If the grounds of relief subsist for more than six months, either party shall be entitled to terminate the Contract with notice.
 
第14条  争议的解决
Art. 14  Resolution of disputes
 
  　14.1 除非另有书面约定，凡因本合同产生的或与本合同有关的任何争议，均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会华南分会，按照申请仲裁时该会现行有效的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。
 
 14.1 Unless otherwise agreed in writing, all disputes arising in connection with the present Contract shall be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, South China Sub-Commission for arbitration, which shall be conducted in accordance with the Commission’s arbitration rules in effect at time of applying for arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.
 
卖方签字　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　买方签字
seller　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　buyer
signature　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   signature　　　　　　　　　　  

地点（place）_____________                                   地点（place）____  

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