After I read this article ,I felt the author of that kind of freedom.Although the author lets a person feel a little alternative, I still agree with his point of view.Don't go to the pursuit of money and power, do what you like, learn by myself of knowledge to students.There's a sentence in the text, “Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.”

When I first read the text, I'm a little confused, because I understand as "I teach because teaching is easy for me."For the author , teaching is a red-eye, palms sweating, the mood depressed vocation.He from inside to experience a lot of things, such as "magic", "power", "freedom",and so on.Not only he enjoy teaching, and also very happy to teach.He is teaching as to enjoy, but not completely seeking to power and money.

Teaching can come into contact with the latest thing, and involves many aspects knowledge, like Baconic said,“Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.”

第二篇：大学英语精读第三册1

academic [,?k?'di:mi?] adj&n

adj. 1.usually connected with education, especially studying in schools and universities 学业的，教学的，学术的（由指与学校教育有关）：The students return in October for the study of the new academic year.

2.[usually before noun]involving a lot of reading and studying rather than practical or technical skills 学术的（与实践性、技术性相对）:academic subjects\qualifications学科；学历

3.good at subjects involving a lot of reading and studying 学习良好的：She was not very academic and hated school.

4.not connected to a real or practical situation and therefore not important 纯理论的；学究式的:It is purely an academic question.

n. a person who teaches and\or does research at a university or college 高等院校教师；高校科研人员

【典型例题】How to talk to Martin is rather

an____ question.

A. advanced B. absolute C. accurate D. academic

【试题详解】答案 D 如何让与火星人交谈是一个学术性很强的问题。 academic question 学术问题; advanced 高级的 accurate 准确的

absolute 绝对的

【词汇补充】academicals 博士服，硕士服 academic year 学年 academician 院士 academy 私立中学 academicism 墨守成规

adolenscence [???????????] n

a young person who is developing from a child into an adult青少期；青春 adolescent [??????????] n

a young person who is developing from a child into an adult青少年：adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 and the

problems they face

【词汇补充】adolescent 青春期的；青少年 adulthood ['?d?lthud] n. [U] the state of being an adult 成年

affection [?'fek??n] n.

1. [U] the feeling of liking or loving sb\sth very much and caring about them 喜爱；钟爱: He didn’t show his wife any affection.

2. （usually affections）a person’s feelings of love 爱情:Anne had two men trying to win her affections.

【词汇补充】adult 成年人；成熟的 【典型例题】She had a great ___ for the town

where she grew up.

A. affection B. affectation C. infection D. affectionate

【试题详解】答案 A 她热爱她长大的那座小镇

have an affection for 对??有感情 affectation n. 矫揉造作

infection n. 传染，感染 affectionate adj. 深情的 【常用短语】

have an affection for sb\sth 【词汇补充】affect v. 喜爱 affectionate adj. 深爱的 affirm[??????] v. to state firmly or publicly that is true or that you support sth strongly肯定属实；申明；断言：[VN] Both sides affirmed their commitment to the ceasefire. [V that] I can affirm that no one will lose their job 【补充词汇】：affirmation n. 主张，肯定，断言

affirmative adj. 肯定的，同意的； n. 肯定，同意

【典型例题】When you __ big , believe big , and pray big , big things happen! A.affirm B.know

C.agree D.ensure

【试题详解】答案是A。句意：当你确认伟大，相信你伟大，起到伟大，伟大的事情就会发生！

affirm肯定，断言；know知道；agree同意；ensure保证，确保。

agenda [?'d?end?] 会议的议程表，议事日程：The next item on the agenda is the publicity budget.

【记忆技巧】 ：词根ag意思为“做”，-end是名词后缀，-a表示复数。ag做+-end名词后缀+-a复数—agenda— things to be done待做的事项—会议上待议的事项—议事议程 【典型考题】: Now,let us come to item No.5 on the __.

【典型考题】

The _____ of the past week had left her exhausted.

A anxieties B concerns C expectations D anticipation

解析：由同意词辨析可知此题答案选 A 意为过去一个星期的担忧使她筋疲力尽。

Attitudinal /?????????????? adj. (formal) related to the attitudes that people have. 态度上的

【Derivative】 attitude n. 态度 A. plan B. program C.agenda

【典型考题】 D.project

解析：答案是C。句意：现在让我们讨论议_____changes in society make people more 事日程上的第五项。 tolerant. agenda待议诸事一览表；program（行动）计划；project工程，项目；plan计划。

A attitudinal B attitude C altitude D aptitude

解析：此题考查词义，答案为A B项为

Anxiety/???????????????????????名词形式不符合题意。

C项意为海拔高度 D项意为资质才华。故???????????? 1. ~(about/over something)the state of

feeling nervous or worried that something bad is going to happen焦虑；忧虑: Some hospital patients experience high levels of anxiety. 2. a worry or fear about something 担心；害怕?If you’re worried about you health share your anxieties with your doctor.

3. ~to do something/~for something a strong feeling of wanting to do something or of wanting something to happen 渴望 Their anxiety to go was obvious.

【Common phrases】 in anxiety担忧，挂念着 with anxiety焦虑地 【Synonym Discrimination】

Concern: a feeling of worry especially one that is shared by many people.

Expectation: a hope that something good will happen.

Anticipation: a feeling of excitement about something (usually something good) that is going to happen. 【Derivative】 anxious adj.

答案选A.

Baptist /????????? n.

a member of a Christian Protestant Church that believes that baptism should take place when a person is old enough to understand what it means, and not as a baby 浸礼会教徒。

（Complementary meaning） adj. usually before noun a Baptist church 浸礼会教派。 【Derivative】

Baptism n. baptismal adj. baptize v. [usually passive]

Bounce/ ?????/ verb

1. If something bounces or you bounce it ,it moves quickly away from a surface it has just hit or you make it do this (使)弹起，弹跳。 The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.

2. To jump up and down on sth (在…..上)跳动，蹦。 She bounced up and down excitedly on the bed.

3. [v+adv./prep.] to move up and down in a particular direction(朝某个方向)颠簸行进。 The bus bounced down the hill.

4. [v+adv./prep.] (of a person) to move somewhere in a lively and cheerful way 活泼兴奋地走，蹦蹦跳跳的去 He bounced across the room to greet them.

5. N. the action of bouncing. 弹跳 跳动。one bounce of the ball. Or the ability to bounce or to make sth bounce 弹性，反弹力； There’s not much bounce left in these balls. 【Common phrases】 Bounce back 恢复健康（或信心等）；重整旗鼓；He’s had a lot of problems, but he always seems to bounce back pretty quickly. Bounce sb into sth (BrE) 追迫（或催迫）别人做某事;

【Synonym Discrimination】

Recover：to get well again after being ill/sick, hurt, etc or to return to a normal state after an unpleasant experience of difficulty.恢复健康，体力精力等。

Come to oneself; to return your normal state.(old fashioned)

Reverse：to change sth completely so that it is the opposite of what it was before. 【Derivative】

Bouncer n.跳跃者 bouncing adj. 活力充沛的

【典型考题】

He’s had no end of bad luck but he just seems to ______ every time.

A. bounce back B. recover C. reverse D. come to

解析：答案选A 句意：他总是遇到不如意的事，但是好像每次都能恢复过来。bounce back 指失意后恢复过来。

Capability/?????????????/ noun (pl.-ies)

1. ~(to do sth/of doing sth) the ability or qualities necessary to do sth 能力 ；才能：Animals in the zoo have lost the capability to catch/of catching food for themselves.

2. the power or weapons that a country has for war or for military action (国家的)军事力量，军事武器：Britain’s nuclear/military capability 英国的核力量/军事力量。 【易错词辨析】

Capacity noun ：the number of things or people that a container or space can hold. 容量，容积，容纳力。 【Derivative】

Capable adj. 有能力，有才能。 【典型考题】

Age affects the range of a person’s ______ A capacities B capabilities C capacious D capable

解析：答案选B 此题考查易错词辨析。句意为年龄影响一个人能力的大小。Capacity 表示容量容积明显不符合题意。后两个答案分别为他们的形容词形式。

Contribute/????????????/ vt. & vi. 1. ~(sth)(to/towards

sth)

to

give

sth ,especially , money or goods, to help sb/sth. 捐献，捐赠（尤指款或物）；捐助； The writer personally contributed ?5000

to

the

earthquake fund.

2. ~(sth)to sth to increase ,improve or add to

sth 增加；增进；添加（到某物） Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways.

3. ~(sth)(to sth)to write things for a newspaper, magazine ,or a radio or television program ;to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opnion. 撰稿，投稿，讲话，尤指发表意见。 She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.

【Common phrases】 ???????????有?助于，促成。? 【Derivative】

contributor n.捐助者，投稿者 ； contribution n.贡献，捐献物

contributive adj.有助的，促成的 ；contributory adj.促成的，捐助性的。 【典型考题】

Everyone is encouraged to ____ food and clothing for the refugees.

A attribute B contribute C stimulate D distribute

解析：答案为B ,此题考查对形近词的区分。句意：鼓励每个人为难民捐助食品和衣物。contribute 表示“捐赠，出钱（力）”，因为本题是鼓励每个人，所以不可能是“分发”食品和衣物，只会是“捐赠”

Counsel/???????/ noun, verb

? Noun 1.(formal) advice, especially given by older people or experts; a peiece of advice (尤指老年人或专家的)劝告，忠告，建议：Listen to the counsel of your elders. 2 a lawyer or group of lawyers representing sb in a court of law 律师：the counsel for the defence/prosecution.

? Verb 1 to listen to and give support or professional advice to sb who needs help. 为某人提供帮助：Therapists were brought in to counsel the bereaved. 2 to advise sb to do sth 建议，劝告（做某事） Most experts counsel caution in such cases. 【Common phrases】

a counsel of despair 知难而退的建议 ； a counsel of perfection 听上去完美却难以实行的建议 ； keep your own counsel 保留自己的意见。

【Derivative】

counseling noun 咨询，辅导 ； counselor noun 顾问，辅导顾问

【易错词】

Council ; noun a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county.

【典型考题】

The court then heard_____ for the dead woman’s father .

A council B councilor C counsel D counselor

解析：答案选C，句意为：法庭接着听取了已死女人的父亲所请律师的陈述。A项意为委员会 此题考查形近词。

crisis [?kra?s?s] n.<c，u>.a period of great danger,difficulty,or uncertainty. decisive

moment in illness,life,history.etc.危机;紧要关头；决定性的时刻。 名词复数:crises [常用短语]

用法：前面常见形容词：

financial economic ecological political asian serious national international internet-induced pragmatistic

前面常见动词：

tackle

前面常见介词：

of during without in after from by with for [补充意义]:

A financial,political,domestic,etc,crisis; come to/reach a crisis. {attrib}eg:the gvernment is holding crisis talks with the unions. 感情色彩，语源

（ late Middle English (denoting the turning point of a disease): medical Latin, from Greek krisis 'decision', from krinein 'decide'. The general sense 'decisive point' dates from the early 17th cent） [词形变换] Critical adj. 同义词 名词 n.

紧急关 头;转折点 critical，point，turning，crucial，emergency，period。Emergency:n .sudden happing which makes quick action necessary. 同义辨析这两个名词都有“危急”之意

emergency: 多指突然发生的出乎意料的紧急情况或事故。

crisis : 含义广泛，可指国家存亡、历史、经刘或人的生命、疾病等面临危急关头。也可指好的或恶化的转折点。 [典型考题]

That is Taoist pragmatistic ___and positivist___.

a. crisp b. crisis c. crises d. criminate [试题分析] 答案为b. [详细解答]

这主要表现为道教的“实用主义危机”和“实证主义危机. a. crisp是钞票；c .crises是危险; d. criminate是指控，谴责的意思，均与原文不符。

definite [?definit] adj. clearly known,seen,or stated.not doubtful;without any uncertainty or unclearness. 1.明确的, 确切的2.一定的, 肯定的3.肯定；有把握 名词 n. 1.肯定的事（或人）definite article 定冠词 [常用短语]

用法：常见搭配

adj. 明确的 确切的 一定的 肯定的 前面常见副词： rarely not

后面常见名词：

anything nothing something [补充意义]:

1. definite article 定冠词

2. definite undertaking 明确的承诺 3. definite; integral 定积分

4. a definite answer 明确回答

5. definite angle shot 【摄】最佳角度拍摄 6. without definite residence 居无定所

7. definite and indefinite 有限与无限

8. positive definite function 正定函数

9. A definite integral. 一个定积分

10. A definite victory. 确定的胜利

11. Gases have neither definite size nor definite shape.

气体既无一定的体积，又无一定的形状。 同义辨析:

这些形容词均含“清楚的，明白的，明显的”之意。

apparent: 强调显而易见或一想便知。这个词从动词appear派生而来，故有时含有表面如此而事实上未必的意味。

obvious: 语气较强，指极为明显，有目共睹，无需说明和论证。

evident: 指根据事实成为显然的。 clear: 普通用词，侧重清楚明白。 plain: 普通用词，含义与clear很接近，可通用，但plain着重简单明了，不复杂。 distinct: 较正式用词，指轮廓的清楚或定义、含义的明确，不会弄错。

definite : 语气肯定，着重明白无误，无可怀疑。

manifest: 语义较强，书面用词，强调一目了然，暗示不要任何推论就一清二楚。 同义辨析这些形容词均含“明确的”之意。 explicit: 指清楚明白，毫不含糊其辞，因而无任何理解困难。

definite : 指对所提到的事的范围及其细节毫无疑问，含有明确和确定界限的意味。 specific: 强调内容明确，毫不抽象、笼统。 express: 语气较强，较正式，指不但清楚明确，而且含有直截了当和有力等的意思。 同义辨析这些形容词均含“无疑的，确信的”之意。

sure: 侧重主观上对某事确信无疑。

certain: 与sure同义，但语气比sure强，着重指有确切理由或不容置疑的证据所支持的确信。

definite : 指已毫无怀疑的余地。 positive: 语气强烈，指对自己的看法或作的结论的正确性有不可动摇的信念。 前缀：de 反义词：

indefinite,obscure,vague,indistinct. [典型考题]

I want an appointment for a___time and place.

a. definitive b.definitely c.definite d.distinct [试题分析] 答案为c

[详细解答]

句意：我要有确切的时间和地点的约会。表

示“明确的，不可能引起误解的”；显然约会的时间和地点是不能含糊的，应该明确无误的。

developmental adj. [d??vel?p'mentl] having to do with the growth of a child; 发展的 [词形变换]

development 发展 developmental 发展的 deverbative 动词派生词 [补充意义]:

用法：常见搭配

adj. 发展的 前面常见副词：later 1. developmental study 发展研究

2. developmental biology 发育生物学

3. Developmental Educator 发展教育家

4. developmental psychology 发展心理学

5. developmental genetics 发生遗传学

6. Developmental Engineer 开发工程师

7. Gesell Developmental Schedules 格塞尔婴幼儿发展量表

8. Denver Developmental Screening Tests 丹佛发展筛选测验 后缀：tal.形容词后缀。 同义词 : experimental: adj. 1.实验(性)的, 试验(性)的 This trip will be only experimental. 这次旅行只是试验性的。 formative: adj.

1.(影响)形成〔构成, 发展〕的

Parents have the greatest formative effect on their children’s behaviour.

父母对孩子的行为有最深远的影响。 反义词： unexperimental.不发展的 [典型考题]

Believe in each child is own ----potentiality. a. developmental b. experimental c. formative d.development [试题分析]

答案为a.

[详细解答]

句意为 相信每一个儿童都有发展的潜能。b. experimental多用于表达实验(性)的, 试验(性)的；而c. formative是(影响)形成〔构成, 发展〕的，但developmental更贴近句意；d.development为名词，词性不符。

distinct adj.[dis?ti?kt] clearly different or belonging to a different type;earsily

heard,seen,understood,plain.marked. 1.截然不同的, 2.清晰的, 3.清楚的4.不同的 [常用短语]

用法：常见搭配

adj. 截然不同的 完全分开的 清晰的 明白的 明显的 前面常见副词：

quite singularly culturally fundamentally once genetically sexually never perfectly not 后面常见名词：

principle

感情色彩： late Middle English (in the sense 'differentiated'): from Latin distinctus 'separated, distinguished', from the verb distinguere (see distinguish) [词形变换] 派生词

distinctly； distinctness

distinct 清楚的 distinction 区别 前缀：dis- 多用于表否定的意思。 [补充意义]:

同义词: adj. 不同的,有区别的

辨析：distinct ; 和 distinctive; distinct表示“不同的，清晰地”；而distinctive表示“特殊的，有特色的，明显不同的” diverse; separate; dissimilar; different 明显的;确定无误的

definite; clear-cut; exact; plain. 反义词 adj. 明显的,清楚的 indistinct; vague 1. distinct improvement 明显的改进

2. a distinct pronunciation 发音清晰

3. a distinct writing 清楚的笔迹

4. a distinct opportunity 难得的机会

5. clear and distinct 清晰而明了 6. a distinct image 清晰的图像

7. A distinct flavor.

独特风味

8. On two distinct occasions. 在两种不同的场合 9. have a distinct theme 主题鲜明

10. Distinct from all others. 独特的与众不同的 11. Be distinct in...from... 在某方面与。。。不同

12. a distinct flavor; a distinct odor of turpentine; a distinct outline; the ship appeared as a distinct silhouette; distinct fingerprints.

清晰易辨的气味；明显的松节油的气味；清晰的轮廓；轮船显出清晰的侧影；清晰的指纹。

13. Distinct or different; remote 有区别；不同；遥远；关系远

[典型考题]。 He could not give a ____explanation of his intention.

A. distinct B. Obvious C.clear D.plain [试题分析] 答案为 A. [试题分析]

本题考查近义词的辨析问题。他不能清楚明白地解释他的意图。Distinct指人表达思想，概念清楚明白；指容易感受到或看到。本题的宾语是“解释他的意图”。Obvious指事物一目了然，含无可置疑之意。Clear范围较广，指事物清楚明白；plain注重作品等显而易见的，浅显易懂的。

distressed [di?strest] adj.extremely upset or shocked;causing distress; 1.哀伤的2. 哀伤的

distress-warrant扣押令状 distressed 哀伤的 distressful 使苦恼的3. 苦恼的 常见搭配 adj. 哀伤的 前面常见副词：

financially bitterly terribly much so 后面常见名词： mind

[词形变换]

distrsression n.

前缀：dis- 多用于表否定的意思。 [常用短语] ：

1. Distressed furniture; distressed denim. 仿古磨损的家具；仿旧磨损的斜纹布 2. Distressed real estate. 廉价的不动产

3. be distressed by thirst 渴得难受

4. He is distressed for money. 他为而苦恼。

5. He felt troubled and distressed. 他感到烦恼苦闷。

6. Lester felt troubled and distressed. 勒斯特觉得又忧虑又苦恼。

7. I find her distressed about something. 我看到她因事很悲伤。

8. distressed looks; have a worried look 愁眉苦脸

9. The distressed parents of wayward youths.

为任性的年轻人而苦恼的双亲 10. be distressed at some sad news 因不幸消息而悲痛 同义词

ailing adj.

1.不舒服的, 生病的 My husband is ailing. 我丈夫生病了。

2.境况不佳的，面临困难的 alarmed adj.

1.担心的, 害怕的

I’m rather alarmed that you’re planning to leave the company.

你打算离开这个公司, 我有些担心

uneasy adj. 1.心神不安的

She had an uneasy feeling that they were still following her.

她有一种他们仍在跟踪她的不安感觉。 He feels uneasy today. 他今天心里感到不安。 I am uneasy about this decision. 我为这一决定感到不安。

There was one thing that made me very uneasy after hearing what he had said. 听了他的讲话后, 我感到非常不安。 2.不稳定的

The nuclear deterrent has maintained an uneasy peace.

核威慑一直使和平处于不稳定状态。 3.不舒服的

She felt uneasy with her new in-laws. 她和新姻亲在一起感到不自在。 [补充意义]:

反义词： gay contented joyful delighted

[典型考题]：

I was most ____to hear the sad news for your father death.

a. distressed b. distressing c. distressful d.distress [试题分析]

分析：答案为a.

[试题详解]

distressed我听到你父亲去世的消息，十分难过。Distressed使某人感动痛苦，难过。多用于修饰人。而b. distressing以形容事情令人痛苦为主；c. distressful与b. distressing 的用法相同，多用于修饰事件；d.distress是动词，此处应为形容词，词性不符。

dorm [d?:m] n. {c,u} dorms. (infml) a dormitory,which in a A

merican English means a large bulinding in a college or university where students live. 1.宿舍

[常用短语] ：

n. 宿舍 前面常见形容词： co-ed new

same

前面常见介词： in 语源

early 20th cent.: abbreviation [词形变换]

dormitory 宿舍 n.

[补充意义]:

1.一套房间, 一户

There's a nine-storey apartment building next to the bank.

银行旁边有一座九层高的宿舍大楼。 Many city dwellers live in apartment buildings.

许多城市居民住在公共住宅楼里。 2.厅堂, 殿堂

You can visit the whole palace except for the private apartments.

整个宫殿都可以参观, 只有内殿不开放。 3.（尤指在同一楼层的）公寓套房 4.（租赁的）度假套房

5.（尤指巨屋、名宅的）房间 chamber ;flat; room.

1. A coed dorm; a coed pool. 男女合住的宿舍；男女联营 2. A new dorm rule was announced. 新宿舍规范出台了。 间。

[典型考题]

In most universities, males and females live in the same____.

a. room b.flat c.chamber d.dorm [试题分析] 分析：答案为d. [试题详解]

在大部分高校，男生和女生住在相同的宿舍里。room指房间，显然与原句不合逻辑；flat强调一套房间，公寓套房；c.chamber是指会议厅，会所。所以只有d.dorm最符合原文。而且学生公寓一般均用dorm表示。 encyclopedia

(BrE

also

-paedia)/????????????????//???????????????/ n.

a book or sets of books giving information about all areas of knowledge or about different

areas of one particular subject, usually arranged in alphabetical order; a similar collection of information on a CD-ROM 百科全书；（某一学科的）专科全书；光盘版百科全书

[词形变换]encyclopedic(BrE also -paedic)adj. 1百科全书的；百科知识的

2包含各种学科的；知识渊博的；博学的 Encyclopedists n. 百科全书派

?典型考题?That old professor is a walking____.

A. book B. encyclopedia C. novel D. fiction ?试题分析?本题为词义辨析题。考查名词的辨义。

?详细解答?典型考题答案B。句意：那位老教授是一个活百科。book n.书本，书籍；encyclopedia n.百科全书；novel n.长篇故事，小说；fiction n. 虚构的文学作品，小说。

endeavor(AmE)(BrE

endeavour)/???????//????????/ ?n.[U,C](formal)an attempt to do sth, especially sth new or difficult(尤指新的或艰苦的)努力，尝试：Please make every endeavor to arrive on time.

vi.[v to inf](formal) to try very hard to do sth努力；尽力；竭力：I will endeavor to do my best for my country.

[常用搭配]endeavor to do sth 尽力做，努力做

[同义词辨析]try; attempt；endeavour

（1） try指用试探性的努力来完成某事，不强调结果。

（2） attempt指争取开始做某事，暗示并未实现其结果。

（3） endeavour强调愿望发自内心以及用异乎寻常的极大努力来克服极大的困难。 ?典型考题?After many years of unsuccessfully_____ to form his own orchestra, Glenn Miller finally achieved world fame in 1939, as a big band leader. A. enforcing B. entreating C. endeavoring D. enchanting

?试题分析?本题是形近词辨析题。 ?详细解答?典型考题答案C。句意：在多年试图组建自己乐队而未成功之后，格兰米勒终于在19xx年获得了世界声誉，成为一名了不起的乐队指挥。enforce vt.实行，实施；entreat vt.恳求，请求；enchant vt.使迷住，使心醉；endeavor vi.尽力，努力，后接to do sth。

endowment/??????????/ n.

1[C,U]money that is given to a school, a college or another institution to provide it with an income; the act of giving this money 捐款；捐赠；资助

2[C, usually pl.](formal) a quality or an ability that you are born with 天资；天赋；才能 [常用搭配] endowment mortgage 定期人寿保险按揭；两全人寿保险按揭

endowment policy 定期人寿保险，两全人寿保险

[词形变换]endow vt.（向学校等机构）捐钱，捐赠，资助 be endowed with 有?的特质，被赋予? ；endow sb. with sth.赋予?，向?捐钱（或物）

[同义词] donation; gift; talent; genius [易混词] endorsement n. 1.(公开的)赞同，支持，认可,2.(通常为名人在广告中为某一产品的)宣传，吹嘘 ?典型考题? His____ are limited, and scarcely fit him for his post.

A. endorsement B. engagement C. endowment D. enlargement ?试题分析?本题是形近词辨析题。 ?详细解答?典型考题答案C。句意：他的天资很有限，不太适合担任这项职务。endorsement n. 1.(公开的)赞同，支持，认可,2.(通常为名人在广告中为某一产品的)宣传，吹嘘；engagement n.预约，约会，订婚：enlargement n. 扩大物（尤指照片），扩大，增大;endowment n.天资，天赋。

environment/?????????????/ n.

1 [C,U]the conditions that affects the behavior and development of sb/sth; the physical

conditions that sb/sth exists in (影响个体或事物行为或发展的)环境；客观环境：A unhappy home environment can affect a child’s behaviour.

2(the environment) [sing.]the natural world in which people, animals and plants live 自然环境；生态环境：measures to protect the environment

3[C]（computer 计）the complete structure within which a user, computer or program operates(运行)环境；工作平台；软件包：a desktop development environment

[常用搭配]a pleasant working/learning environment 令人愉快的工作/学习环境 the political/financial environment 政治/金融环境

pollution of the environment 环境污染 damage to the environment 对环境的破坏 [词形变换]environmental adj.

1自然环境的；生态环境的；有关环境的 2（影响个体或事物行为或发展的）环境的 [同义词辨析]environment; surroundings; circumstance; setting

(1) environment表示环绕着某一特定的人或物并对其产生某种影响的“环境氛围”。 (2) surroundings(一定用复数)指“周围事物，环境”。如：We live happily in these beautiful surroundings.

(3) circumstances(一定用复数)指事物或动作发生时的“情况”，常与under或in连用，表示“在?情况下”

(4) setting常指“背景，环境”。如 Rome is the setting of the story. ?典型考题?Students of social problems investigate the home, social and moral_____(s) of different classes of people.

A. surroundings B. conditions C. environment C. situation ?试题分析?本题为词义辨析题。考查名词的辨义。 ?详细解答?典型考题答案C。句意：研究社会问题的学者调查各阶层人民的家庭，社会和精神方面的生活环境。surrounding 多指

地理环境；condition 意为“情况，条件”；situation 指“情况，状况”；environment指“环境”。

ethical/?????//?????/ adj.

1[not before noun]connected with beliefs and principles about what is right and wrong(有关)道德的；伦理的：the ethical problems of human embryo research

2morally correct or acceptable合乎道德的：The committee judged that he had not behaved ethically.

[常用搭配] ethical issues 有关道德的问题 ethical standards道德标准 ethical questions道德问题

ethical investment 合乎道德的投资 [词形变换]ethic n.

1(ethics)[pl.]道德准则；伦理标准 2（sing.）道德体系；行为准则 3（ethics）[U]伦理学；道德学 ethically adv.合乎道德地

[同义词]moral; virtuous

[易混词]ethnic adj. 种族的，民族的 [感情色彩]approving word ?典型考题? Is it____ to promote cigarettes through advertising?

A. ethereal B. ethnic C. ether D. ethical ?试题分析?本题是形近词辨析题。 ?详细解答?典型考题答案D。句意：通过广告推销香烟合乎道德吗？ethereal adj.轻飘的，灵气的；ethnic adj.种族的，民族的；ether n.乙醚，太空；ethical adj.合乎道德的

evaluate

/??????????/

/??????????/vt.

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????估值；评价；评估：

W????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?词形变换????????????评价?估计 [同义词]estimate; assess

[易混词] evacuate vt.撤退，疏散 ?典型考题?The teacher____ the performance of each student.

A. evacuated B. evaluated C. equated D. evoked ?试题分析?本题是词义辨析题。 ?详细解答?典型考题答案B。句意：老师对每个学生的成绩进行评估。evacuate vt.撤退，疏散；equate vt.同等看待，使相等,与equal是同根；evoke vt.唤起，激起；evaluate vt.对某物进行评价，评估。

Excessive/????????/adj （excess+ -ive形容词后缀）

greater than what seems reasonable or appropriate; extreme 过分的；过度的；极度的 ：1、Excessive drinking can lead to stomach disorders.2、The amounts she borrowed were not excessive.

[典型考题]They complained about the ＿＿noise coming from the upstairs flat. A、overladen B、immoderate C、inordinate D、excessive

［试题分析］近义词辨析 答案为D ［详细解答］句意为他们抱怨楼上发出的噪音太大。A意为装货过多的; (房间)装饰[摆设]过多的; (工作)负担过多的。B意为无节制的,极端的C意为紊乱的; 放肆的，无限制的, 无节制的D excessive noise 表示噪音的音量很大

［词形变换］exceed v. 超过 excess n. 超过，超越，过量，过度 excessively adv. 极端地，过分地

Feminine/???????/adj

1、 having the qualities or appearance considered to be typical of women; connected with women(指气质或外貌)女性特有的，女性的，妇女的:He had delicate,almost feminine features.

2、 (grammar语法)belonging to a class of words that refer to female people or animals and often have a special form阴性的

［补充意义］noun (grammer语法)1、阴性

（指名词，形容词和代词的形式）2、阴性词（形式）

［词义辨析］辨别male,female,masculine与feminine的用法。Male和female用于表明生物的性别。如：a male chimpanzee(雄猩猩)，a female elephant(雌象)，还用来说明雌雄性别有关的事物。如：The male height tends to be taller than female height.(男人的身高通常比女性高。)masculine和feminine只用于人，用于描述这个或那个性别特有的气质。如：He is a very masculine sort of person.(

他是男子气十足的人。)She has a deep masculine voice.（她有男子一般深沉的嗓音。）

［词形变换］femininity n.女子气，娇柔；feminism n.女权主义，女权运动；feminist n/adj.热心女权主义者；femmefatale n.祸水红颜，妖妇

Financial/fai??????/adj

Connected with money and finance财政的，财务的，金融的：Tokyo and New York are major financial centres.

［常用词组］financial services /institutions金融服务/机构 to give financial advice/assistance support提供财务建议/援助/支持 to be in financial difficulties处于财务困难之中

［典型考题］America has suffered the ＿＿crisis.

A、economic B、economical C、financial D、monetary

［试题分析］近义词辨析 答案为C ［详细解答］固定搭配 financial crisis 金融危机。A意为经济的, 经济学的

合算的, 有经济效益的 B意为节约的, 节俭的, 经济的 D意为货币的; 通货的; 钱的; 金融的; 财政的

［词形变换］finances n、财力、财源、基金；finance n、财政、金融；financer n、财政家、金融家；financially adv、在财政上、在经济上

Functional/?????????/adj

1、 practical and useful;with little or no decoration实用的；少（或无）装饰的：Bathrooms do not have to be purely functional.

2、 having a special purpose;making it possible for sb to do sth or for sth to happen作用的；功能的；机能的；职能的:a functional approach to language learning功能语言学习法

3、 （especially of a machine,an organization or a srstem尤指机器、组织、机构或体系）working;able to work(能)起作用的、工作的、运转的:a fully functional hospital 全面正常运作的医院

［词形变换］function作用、职能、功能 ；社交聚会、典礼、宴会；functionalism功能注意;functionality实用、符合实际；设计目的、设计功能；functionary公职人员、官员

Genetic/?????????/adj

Connected with genes (=the units in the cells of a living thing that control its physical characteristics )or genetics (=the study of genes )基因的，遗传学的

［常用词组］genetic code 遗传密码；genetic engineering 遗传工程（学）；genetic fingerprinting 基音指纹鉴定、遗传指纹法 ［词形变换］gene n、基因；geneticist n、遗传学家；genetics n、遗传学；genetically adv、转基因地、由基因决定地、遗传地

Guilt/?????/noun

1、 the unhappy feelings cause by knowing or thinking that you have done sth wrong内疚，悔恨：she had feeling of guilt about leaving her children and going to work.

2、 The fact that sb has done sth illegal 犯罪、罪行、有罪：his guilt was proved all beyond all doubt by the prosecution.

3、 Blame or responsibility for doing sth wrong or for sth bad that has happened 罪责、责任、罪过：the investigation will try to find out where the guilt for disaster really lies.

［常用词组］a sense of guilt 内疚感 a guilt complex 内疚情结 a guilt trip 使人内疚的责备

［词形变换］guilty adj、感到内疚/惭愧的 犯了罪；有过失的；有罪责的

Heighten ['?????] vt & vi

to make or become stronger or greater （使）加强，提高，增加：[V]Tension has heightened after the record bomb attack..[VN]The campaign is intended to heighten public awareness of the disease.

[SYN] intensify

【构词法】n.\ adj. + -en 使?? heighten 使加强 weaken 使削弱

tighten 使变紧

【词形变换】 height n. 高度

【典型例题】It's the music to ____ the dramatic effect.

A. enhance B. heighten C. intensify D. aggravate

【试题详解】答案 B 那是用于提高戏剧效果的配乐。

区别 enhance\heighten\intensify\aggravate 这些动词均有“加强，增强”之意：

enhance：侧重指增加价值，魅力或声望等使人或物具有超科寻常的吸引力。

heighten：通常指使某物的某种性质变得不同一般的显著或突出。

intensify：指深化或强化某事或某物，尤指其特别之处。

aggravate：指加剧令人不快或困难的形势。

Inherit [????????] verb

1.[T]. to receive money, property, etc. from sb when they die 继承（金钱、财产等）:[VN]She inherited a fortune from her father.

2.[T] to have qualities, physical features, etc. that are similar to those of your parents, grandparents, etc. 经遗传（获得品质、身体特征等）[VN]She inherited her mother’s beauty.

3.[T] if you inherit a particular situation from

sb, you are now responsible for dealing with it, especially because you have replaced that person in their job 接替（责任等）；继任:policies inherited from the previous administration因袭上届政府的政策 【典型考题】 He has ___his mother’s patience.

sth.=prohibit sb.'s doing sth.禁止某人做某事 inhibit “阻止；抑制”

常用搭配形式：inhibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid vt.“禁止，不许”，普通用语，比prohibit通俗，用于较小事物或个人、上级、官方、长辈做出的禁止命令、规定，或客观条件不

A. inhabited B. inhibited C. inhered 允许。

D. inherited

【试题详解】答案 D 这种耐心是母亲遗传给他的。 inhabit v. 居住

inhibit v. 阻止；抑制

inhere v.存在于??中；归属于 inherit v. 继承

【常用短语】 inherit (sth) from sb

【词形变换】 inheritance n. 继承物 inheritor n. 后继者，继承人

Inhibition ????????????????? 1.[C,U] a shy or nervous feeling that stops you from expressing your real thoughts or feelings 拘谨；拘束感:The children were shy at first, but soon lost their inhibitions.

2.[U] (formal) the act of restricting or preventing a process or an action 阻止；抑制；禁止:the inhibition of growth 对生长的抑制 【典型例题】She had no ___ about making her opinions known.

A. fear B. afraid C. interest D. inhibition

【试题详解】答案 D 她敢于公开地谈论自己的想法。

fear “害怕” 常用搭配“fear of\ for sth” afraid “恐惧的” 常用搭配 “be afraid of sth” interest “兴趣” 常用搭配 “interest in\on sth”

【词形变换】inhibit v.阻止；使拘束 inhibited adj.拘谨的

【词义辨析】区别 prohibit\inhibit\forbid prohibit “禁止，不准”(forbid by authority)，指通过法律、法令、警告等作出禁止命令的正式规定或规则。

常用搭配形式：prohibit sb. from sth/doing

常用搭配形式：forbid sb. to do sth. 或者 forbid sth 例：He forbids smoking during office hours. 他禁止上班时间抽烟。

Interact ???????????? verb

1. [I] to communicate with sb, especially while you work, play or spend time with them 交流；沟通；合作：Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child. 2. [I] if one thing interacts with another, or if two things interact, the two things have an effect on each other 相互影响；相互作用 :Human beings are interacting with nature. 【联想记忆】inter(between) + act(作用) → 相互作用

【典型例题】Perfume____ with the skin’s natural chemicals.

A. communicate B. influence C. affect D. interact

【试题详解】答案 D 香水和皮肤的天然化学物质相互作用。

communicate with sb “与某人沟通” influence 仅指单方面的影响，对??起作用 affect 同上“influence”

【词形变换】interaction n.相互作用 interactive adj. 合作的；相互影响的；互动的

Interaction ??????????????[C,U] 【常用短语】interaction between sb\sth interaction with sb\sth Involve ??????????verb

1. [T] cause (sb or sth) to be caught or mixed up, get into a complicated or difficult condition 使陷入，使卷入复杂的情况:How many vehicles were involved in the crash?

2. [T] have a necessary consequence 牵涉，包含:Any investment involves an element of risks.

3. to make sb take part in sth （使）参加；加入:We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.

4. to say or do sth to show that sb took part in sth, especially a crime 表明（某人参与了罪行等）:His confession involved a number of other politicians in the affairs. 【联想记忆】in（into） + volve（卷） → 使卷入

【典型例题】There was a serious incident ___ a group of youths.

A. including B. revolving C. involving D. evolving

【试题详解】答案C 有一起严重的事件涉及一群年轻人。

include v. 包含，包括 revolve v. 旋转，转动 evolve v. 发展，演变

【常用短语】involve (sb) in sth\doing sth be\get involed in sth be\get involed with sb

【词形变换】involved adj. 有关联的；复杂的；关系密切的

involvement n. 参与；加入；恋爱

Journal ['d??:n?l] 【释义】

1 witten record of the things you do ,see etc. everyday cn. 日志，日记

eg. He kept a journal of his travels across Asia. 他把自己的亚洲之行记录下来。 2 a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject or profession cn .某学科或专业报纸，刊物，杂志

eg. a scientific/trade journal 科学/行业杂志 【补充意义】；1, used in the title of some newspaper 用于报纸名

eg. the Wall Street Journal 《华尔街日报》 2 , daily records of events ,records of daily proceedings 议事程

【衍生词汇】journalism ucn. 新闻业，

新闻工作

Journalese ucn. 新闻体，新闻语调

Journalist ucn. 新闻记者 【同义词辨析】journal ,diary ,newspaper ,periodical 1)

When compared to a journal ,”diary ” refers to a book in which you can write down the experience you have each day ,in addition ,you private thoughts .

2) “Newspaper” is a set of paper containing news , articles. advertisement etc. and published everyday or every week . The “periodical” refers to a magazine that is published every week, month ,especially one that is concerned with an academic subject . 3) 【典型考题】

The cherk of the House prepares the ___ of the House .

A journal B diary C record 答案：A

解析：下议院的书记整理了下议院的议事录。Journal 在这里的是议事程的意思，diary 是指日记，不仅记录所发生之事，还强调包括个人情感与想法。

masculine ['m?skjulin] 【释义】

1) having the qualities or appearance considered to be typical of men ,connect with or like man adj. 男子汉气概的，像男人的 eg. He was handsome and strong ,and very masculine 他英勇强壮，富有男子气概。 【衍生词汇】masculinity n. 男子汉气概，阳性

【近义词辨析】male ，masculine When used as a adj. “male” means belonging to the sex that dose not give birth to babies ,and connected with this sex .it is a neutual word , eg a male bird /servant .While masculine is generally used to praise a man who has typical qualities of man ,and is a word of approving.

【典型考题】He likes to show off his ___

physique.

A. male B. masculine C. manly D. man

答案：B 解析：句意：他喜欢显示他强健的男子本色。Masculine指在心理上或身体上具有男子特征，本句中形容词所修饰的名词是physique (体魄)，所以，masculine 符合题意。

maturity [m?'tju?riti]

【释义】1, the quality of thinking and behaving in a sensible ,adult way 思想，作品成熟

eg. He has maturity beyond his years .他过于老成。

2, the state of being fully grown or developed (a person , a animal or a plant )

eg. The forest will take 100 year to reach maturity. 这树要花100年才能成材 【补充意义】（business）the time when money you have invented is ready to be paid .n.到期，应付款

【词根与构词法】mature adj. 成熟的，像成人的 v. 成长，成熟 —ity (suffix) in nouns 构成名词 the quality or state of ?性质，?状态 【典型考题】

As he reached ___ Bandit became more difficult to live with .

A mature B ripe C maturity D matured 答案：D

解析：然而到了成年之后，邦就变得特别难相处。Reach maturity 表示长大成熟，为固定搭配， ripe通常表示作物和时机成熟。

mistrust [,mis'tr?st]

【释义】1, to have no confidence in sb.or sth. because you think they may be harmful ,not to trust sb. or sth. v. 猜疑，不信任

eg. She mistrusts anyone in a position of authority .

2, n. a feeling that you can not trust sb./sth.猜疑，猜忌

【衍生词汇】mistrustful adj.不信任的,不放心的 be mistrustful of mistrustfully adv. 不信任地，不放心地

【词根与构词法】词根：trust v. 不信任 prefix mis-- （in verbs and nouns , bad or wrong ,badly or wrongly ）坏的，错的 【典型考题】She has a deep ____of strangers, so she never lkes to talk to them.

A.mistrust B.distrust C.trust D.untrustworth 答案：A

解析:她对陌生人猜忌及深，她也从不喜欢跟陌生人搭讪。根据句意。C选项不符合题意，D为形容词，所填选项必须为名词 ，予以排除。 distrust 和 mistrust 都有猜忌的意思，但差别很小。distrust 更为通用，语气稍强，确信某人不诚实或不可信常用distrust .表示并不信任则大概用mistrust .这里只是表示她对陌生人不信任所以选A.

newscast ['nju:zkɑ:st]

【释义】a news programme on radio or television n. 新闻节目，新闻广播 【构词法】news 新闻 news--

newsagent 报刊经销人 newshound 独家专访的新闻记者 newsflash 简明新闻，简讯 newsroom 新闻编辑室

【典型考题】Have you listened to ___ this morning ?

A newsagent B newspaper C newsdom D newscast 答案：D

解析：newsagent 意为报刊经销人， newspaper 不符合题意， newsdom 代表报界 ，固选D 代表新闻。

parental [p?'rentl]

【释义】1,（usually before nouns）connected with a parent or parents adj. 父亲的，母亲的，父母亲的

eg. parental responsibility /rights 父母的职责/权利

【词根与构词法】

词根：parent n. 父亲，母亲

——al suffix (in adjectives)connected with 与?有关的 【衍生词汇】

parenting ucn. 养护，抚养，教养 parenthood ucn. 做父母的身份

【典型考题】He was born in a ___ family. A single parent B single-parent

C single-parents D single-parental 答案：B

解析：single-parent 为固定搭配意为“单亲家庭的”。他出身在一个单亲家庭。所填词应属形容词性质，B符合题意。 parental 本身就是形容词，所以D选项不符合题意，予以排除。

peer [pi?] noun, verb

1. [n] （usually pl.） a person who is the same age or has the same social status as you 同辈的人；同等地位的公民

2. [n] <in Britain> a member of any of five noble ranks 贵族；有爵位的人

[常用短语] life peer 终身贵族

3. [v] to look very carefully or hard, esp. as if not able to see well 仔细看；端详

[补充意义] （计算机常用术语）对等 peer review eclipse plug-in. eclipse，是一种基于Eclipse上的插件程序

[常用短语] peer at/into sth/sb 仔细看 [典型考题] He ____ through themist， trying to find the right path.

A. pecked B. peered C. peeped D. peeled [试题分析] 本题考查形近词的辨析。pecked 啄；peered 仔细看；peeped 偷窥；peeled 削皮；可知正确答案为B

perceive [p?'si:v] verb

1.[T] to have or come to have knowledge of sth through one of the sense or through the mind；notice；observe 感觉，感知到，意识到

2.perceive sth as sth ：interpret sth in a certain way;view 理解或领悟某事

[常用短语] perceive sth/to do/ perceive sth as

[典型考题] I ___his commment as a challenge. A． feeled

B.

observed

C.

perceived

D.comprehend

[试题分析] 本题考查近义词辨析。perceive 的意思是interpret sth in a certain way，与as 搭配。选C [adj.]perceivable

position [p?'zi??n] verb ,noun

1. [C] the place where someone or sth is or should be位置，方位

2. [U] state of being advantageously placed 有利的状况

3. [C](fml文)a job ; employment 职位 4. [C,U]the way or manner in which someone or sth is placed or moves,stands,sits 所处或被安放的位置，姿态，姿势 in an upright,a horizontal，etc position 以水平，垂直等方式

5. [C] place or rank in relation to orhers’ society 地位，等级 high/low position 高/低 的社会地位 people of position 上层人士 6. opinion or view held by sb看法，观点

position on sth 7. [T] to put in the stated or proper position 放在某一位置上

8. [T] find or mark the position;locate 定位 [adj.] positional

[补充意义](军)阵地

[常用短语] out of position 在不适当的位置上 put oneself in sb’s position 设身处地地为某人想 in position 在适当的位置上 [典型考题] Mr. Smith had an unusual ___, he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.

A. profession B.occupation C. position D. carrer

[试题分析] 本题考查近义词辨析。A,B指所从事的职业，C 是指所在职位，D指职业生

涯。正确答案为D。

prejudiced ['pred?udist]

[adj.] (usu derog) having or showing prejudice有偏见的，有成见的，偏颇的 [常用短语] a prejudiced attitude 存在偏见的态度prejudiced remarks 存在偏见的话 [词形变体][v/n] prejudice ['pred?udis]

1. [idm] to the prejudice of sth with the result that sb’s interests are harmed 损害某人的利益 I don't want to prejudice your chances in any way. 我决不想破坏你的机会。

~ against/ in favor of sb/sth

[近义词] biased, discriminatory, partial, unfair [典型考题] Few people will admit being racially ___ .

A. pride B. proud C. prejudiced D. pessimistic

[试题分析] 本题考查形近词辨析。A、B项的意思是骄傲的，自豪的；C项是有偏见的、有歧视的；D项的意思是悲观的。根据句意，很少有人愿意承认他们有种族歧视，正确答案为C。

project

1. [C]plan for a scheme or undertaking计划；规划；工程；事业

2. [C]task set as an educational exercise which requires students to do their own research and present the results 科研习作项目；课题

3. [T](esp.passive) plan(a scheme,course of action,etc) 拟制方案、行动步骤

4. [T]~sth on/on to sth cause (lights,shadow,etc) to fall on a surface 投射，放映

5. [I]extend outward beyond a surface;jut out 突出，伸出

6. [T] to caculate the size, amount or rate of sth as it will be in the future, using the information you have now 设想，推测 Can you project your company’s total sales next year?

7. [T] to present sb/sth/yourself to other people in a particular way , esp. one that gives a good impression 展现，表现（好印象） Politicians ofen try to project an image of a man who cares only for the people.

8.[T] to imagine，to predict project one’s thoughts into the future 展望未来 [常用短语] project on/onto 投射在 project oneself 树立好形象

project sth onto sb 把（自己的感觉等）加诸某人

[词形变体] n. projection

[补充意义] n. projectionist 电影放映员 projector放映机，投影仪

[典型试题] The next edition of the book is ___ for publication in March.

A. projected B.propelled C. professed D. protected

[试题分析] 本题考查形近词辨析。project是计划、规划的意思。propel是推动、迫使的意思。C 项 公开表明的。protect 保护。

rebel [ri'bel]

1．n. a person who fights against, or refuse to serve, the established government 反政府的人；反叛者；造反者

2. person who resists authority or control 反抗权威的人；叛逆者

v. [I] ~ against sb. fight against or resist the established government

[词形变体] rebellion

1.[U] open (esp. armed) resistance to the established government or the authority 对政府的（犹指武装）反抗；造反 2.[C] act of rebelling 反叛行动

rebellious adj. showing a desire to rebel, not easily controlled 显示反叛欲望的；难以控制的rebellious acts 反叛行为

[常用短语] ~ against sb/sth rise (up）in open rebellion 起来造反

[近义词] disobey，dissent，fight

[典型试题] Most teenagers find something to ___ against.

A. fight B. rebel C. protest D. strike

[试题分析] 本题考查与against 搭配的短语的意思。rebel against 反抗、反叛；fight against 与···搏斗；protest against 抗议；strike against 攻击，选B。

relate [ri'leit] v.

1. vt. to see or show or establish connection between看出??的关系，使联系，与??产生关系：I can’t relate those two ideas. 2. vi./vt. to have reference or relation to 有关，涉及：Happiness doesn’t always relate to wealth.

3. vt. to tell (a story) or describe (an event)叙述，讲：He related the story of his escape. 【常用短语】

relate to

a.[often use negtive form ]与??有友好关系：She doesn’t relate very well to her mother. b.relate sth. to sth.把（一事）同（另一事）联系起来：I can’t relate what he does to what he says.

【典型考题】

He is my wife’s cousin, so we are distantly _______.

A. linked B. connected C. united D. related

【试题详解】答案D.

句意：他是我妻子的表弟，我们是远房亲戚。relate指存在某种抽象联系，包括亲属关系；link指连环式的连接，或用接合物或其他方式连接，还可指一事物与另一事物的关系或联系，含义最广；connect指把两个不同的、分离着的事物在某点上相互接触，但各自保持原有特性及独立性；unite侧重团结。 resentment [ri'zentm?nt]n.

[U]the feel of resenting bad treatment 愤慨，愤怒，怨恨，憎恨：I don’t bare you any resentment.我不记恨你。 【常用短语】

bear/ harbor resentment against对??怀恨在心

express/voice resentment表达忿恨

profound/deep/bitter resentment深切的怨恨 popular resentment民怨

【典型考题】

Everyone feels _______at being treated unfairly and resultingly .

A. resentment B. indignation C. rage D. fury

【试题详解】答案A. 句意：所有人都对遭到不公平和侮辱性的对待感到愤怒。 resentment指因受到侮辱或自尊心受损伤而产生的愤慨，多用于正式场合和书面语中；indignation愤慨，义愤。正式用语，指正义的愤怒，往往由不道德的、卑鄙下流的、禽兽般的野蛮行为所引起，也常含蔑视心理；rage盛怒，指一种狂暴、无法控制的愤怒，有时还含有蓄意报复的心理,某些情况下甚至达到完全丧失理智的地步；fury是一种接近疯狂的愤怒感情，使人失去常态和理智，做出伤害或毁灭对方的举动，在这组词中语气最强烈，比rage更进一步。

role[r?ul] n.[C]

1. the part of some particular actor in a play角色:It is one of the greatest role she has played.

2. the part taken by someone in life or in other activity作用，职责:She refuse to take on the traditional woman’s role. 【常用短语】

play an important role in在??中起重要作用

fill the role of担负??的任务

seminary['semin?ri] n.

[C] a college for the training of priests神学院：With two small children and little money, there seemed to be no possibility for Tony to attend college or seminary.

separation [sep?'rei??n] n.

[C;U]separating; the state of being separating分开，离开 【补充意义】

1.[C;U]（a time of）being or living apart分离，分别的时间：You could have love, but do not persist, because separation is inevitable.

2.[law]a formal agreement by a husband and wife to live apart(夫妻正式同意)分居：Tom’s parents were still in separation and this depressed him a lot. 【词形变换】

separate v./adj.分开，分开的 separable adj.可分离的

separatism n.分离主义

separatist n.分离主义者，独立派

sexual ['seksju?l] adj.

1. [usu. before noun]connected with the physical activity of sex关于性的：a disease passed by sexual contact有性接触传染的疾病

2. [usu. before noun]connected with the state of being male or female性别的，两性的:sexual identity性别;sexual discrimination性别歧

【词形变换】

sexualia n.有关性的书籍或著作

sexualise v.使有性的特征，使有性别

sexualist n.(用性解释各种现象的)性论者，性主义者

Shrink [?????] v (shrank

or

shrunk,shrunk)

1.[I;T] to (cause to) become smaller (as if)

from the effect of heat or water (使)缩小，收缩：

a.Washing wool in hot water will shrink it/make it shrink.羊毛织品在热水中洗涤会收缩。

b.The number of students has shrunk(from 120 to 75). 学生的人数减少了（从120人减少到75人）.

c.shrinking profits 正在缩减的利润 | the shrinking pound 正在贬值的英镑

2.[I+adv/prep] esp.lit to move back and away, esp. because of fear [尤文]（因害怕而）退缩，畏缩：Fearing a beating, the dog shrank into a corner. 这只狗因为怕挨打而退缩到一个角落。

n（humor） a psychoanalyst or psychiatrist

【幽】精神分析学家；精神病医生。 [常用短语]shrink from sthg.phr v [T+obj/v-ing] to avoid or be unwilling to do (something difficult or unpleasant) 不想做...,躲着不...，避免做...：He shrank from (the thought of) having to kill anyone.他一想到要去杀人就不想干了。shrink up 由于不好意思退缩

[典型考题] This dress material _______ in the wash.

A. shrinks

B.shortens C.dwindles D.decreases

[试题分析] 此题属于词义辨析题，答案为A.

[详细解答]句意：这种衣料一洗就缩水。A有缩水的意思；B一般是（使）变短；缩短之意；C是指人口，人数，希望，金钱等逐渐减少（变小）；D是减少，减弱，减轻，降低的意思。

[词形变换] shrinkage n.缩小，减小（量），收缩（程度）

Stress [?????;?????] n.

1.[C;U](a state of worry resulting from) pressure caused by the problems of living, too much work, etc.压力，重压，紧张：the stresses and strains of a busy business exercutive’s life. 一位繁忙的商界行政人员生活的紧压力。

2.[C;U (on)] force of weight caused by pressure 重力，应力：The vehicles passing over put stress on the old bridge. 来往的车辆给这座旧桥增加了应力。 3.[U (on)] a sense of special importance;emphasis 重点，重要性，强调：The teacher laid particular stress on the need for accuracy.教师特别强调准确的重要性。 4.[C;U (on)] the degree on force put on a part of a word when it is spoken , or a note in music,making it seem stronger than other parts or notes 重音，重读；[音乐中的]加强 [补充意义] v.[T]

1.to give particular importance to;mention strongly;着重；强调：He stressed the need for

careful spending if they were not to find themselves without enough money.他强调说，他们如果不想使自己缺钱花，就有必要仔细规划各项开支。

2.to give gorce to(a word or word-part) when speaking 重读：The word“machine”is stressed on its secong syllable. “machine”这个单词的第二个音节要重读。

[典型考题] Susan was completely weighed down by the_____of examinations.

A.strain B.stress C. pressure D. anxiety [试题分析]此题属于词义辨析题，答案选B。 [详细解答] 句意：苏珊被考试的压力压垮了。A.stain一般指张力，拉力，拉紧；B.stress一般可指由于过多的工作或者是生活所造成的压力，stress 做名词时，意思偏指精神方面的压力。而C.pressure.做名词时，意思就偏指与物理方面的压力。且pressure只有名词形式，无动词形式。D.anxiety是焦虑之意。

[词形变换] stressful adj. full of problems that cause great worry 充满压力的，紧张的。

Superior [???????????

]

adj.1.[(to)] of higher rank or class 级别或地位更高的；上级的： Ex:a.I’ll report you to your supeior officer! 我要把你的情况报告给你的上司！ b.a superior court 上级法院 2.[(to)]better,more powerful,more effective etc than a similar person or thing, especially one that you are competing against. 更好的，更强的，更有效的： Ex:Of the two books, I think this one is superior (to that). 就这两本书而言，我认为这本（比那本）更好。 3. of high quality;a word meaning of very good quality, used especially in advertising 质量上乘的，优质的【尤用于广告】Ex:a.This is a very superior make of car,sir. 只是一辆质量上乘的车，先生。b.superior craftsmanship 高超的工艺。

4. derog (as if ) thinking oneself better than others [贬] 有优越感的，高傲的，傲慢的: Ex: He smiled a superior smile as he drove past in his expensive new car. 他开着他那辆豪华的

新车驶过时，傲慢地微微一笑。

5. [A](tech) higher in position;upper [术语]上部的，上面的；Ex: the superior limbs(= the arms) 上肢

6.[after n 用于名词之后](usu.cap. 一般用大写)（a little for）the head of a religious group 修道院院长（的称号）： Mother/Father Superior 女【男】修道院院长

n.[often pl. 常用复数] a person of higher

rank, esp. in a job 上级，长官，上司： Ex: He always does what his superior tell him. 他惟上级之命是从。

[典型试题] She imagined herself to be _______ to others.

A. inferior B.superficial C.superstitious D.superior

[试题详解] 答案：D 句意：她自认为她比别人都优秀。A.inferior是superior的反义词，低等的，较差的；B.superficial，肤浅的；C. superstitious 迷信；D.superior常与to搭配，是优越于···的意思。 [词形变换] superiority [??????????????] n.[U (over)]:their obvious superiority over the other team.他们与另一队相比所具有的明显优势。 inferior adj.（质量，价值）次的，差的

theological [?????????????] adj. related to theology, the study of religion and religious ideas and beliefs.神学的，研究神学的。Ex: Priests are trainedat theological colleges.教士受训于神学院。

[典型试题] The sixties were a time of_________ ferment.

A.theological B.theoretical C.professional D.theory

[试题详解]答案 A，神学的。句意：六十年代是神学上骚动的时代。B. theoretical理论上的；假设的；C.professional 职业的；专业的; D.theory理论；学理；原理； [词形变换] theologically adv. 研究神学地

theory [?????] n. 1.[C] a reasonable or

scientifically acceptable explaination for a fact or event, which has not been proved to be true[很具推理或者科学对于某一事实或事件的解释，但未经证实的]学说；说法；论。

2.[U](the part of science or art that deals with) general principle and knowledge as opposed to pratical methods or skills;set of rules or principles for the study of a subject. 理论；学理；原理；（与时间相对而言）

不确定的，有问题的

unquestionably [???????????????] adv. Doubtlessly;certainly;无成问题地，无可质疑地；确实地

[典型试题] He is _________ the best tennis player in England.

A. unquestionable B. unquestionably

C.doubtful D.questionably

[试题详解] 答案，B无成问题地，无可质疑地。句意：他无疑是英国最好的网球手。

A. unquestionable 是形容词，词性不合，毫无疑问的；C.doubtful 不确定的；不明确的；

D.questionably 不确定地，有疑问地。

[词形变换]unquestionable

[??????????????] adj. impossible to doubt; certain 不成问题的；无可置疑【非议】的；确实的。

unquestioned [???????????] adj. something that is unquestioned is accepted or believed by everyone. 无争议的，公认的： the monarch’s unquestioned right to rule 公认的君主统治权

unquestioning [??????????????] adj. a unquestioning faith, attitude etc is very certain and without doubt 无疑问【异议】的，不犹豫的： an unquestioning belief in God. 对上帝深信不疑

[构词法]Unquestionably <un-(not)+questionable(可疑的)+-ly(有古英文lic（=like）而来的字根，大多接于形容词之后，副词词尾)>

[反义] questionably adv. 有问题地，不确定地

questionable adj. not definitely true or correct