五年级上册英语语法

时间:2024.4.29

一、名词复数规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

5.不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children

foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanes

二、(一)一般现在时的构成

1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:

I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:

We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

(二)一般现在时的变化

1. be动词的变化。

否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。

如:-Are you a student?

-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:

I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:

He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:

- Does she go to work by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?

动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

三、现在进行时

1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:

疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?

但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?

动词加ing的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

4、like+动名词(动词+ing)

练习:

1、写出下列各词的复数

I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______

sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______

sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________

2、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________look _________ have_______

carry ____ come________watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______

brush_______ do_________ teach_______ pass_______

3、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.) He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. )Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

3. )We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. )Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

4、、写出下列动词的现在分词:

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________ like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .


第二篇:五年级上册英语语法小结1


1、be动词:am、is、are。am用于I,are用于you,we,they和名词复数;is用于he,she,it

和名词单数(统称为'三单',即第三人称单数)。

2、助动词,主要分为do和does。do用于主语为'非三单'(I,you,复数); does用于主语为'

三单'(he,she,it,名词单数)助动词用于“否定句和疑问句”,后面一律加“动词原形”。 例:(1)I like apples. 否定句: I don't like apples.

一般疑问句:Do you like apples?肯定回答: Yes,I do. 否定回答: No, I don`t.

(2)He reads books on Sundays. 否定句:He doesn't read books on Sundays.

一般疑问句:Does he read books on Sundays?

肯定回答:Yes,he does. 否定回答:No,he doesn't.

3、主语为'非三单'时,动词用原形;主语为'三单'时,动词后面加-s或-es。

4、名词单数变复数规则变化的规律

(1) 以s,x,sh,ch结尾的单词,加-es。如bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes,watch-watches

(2)以o结尾,有的单词加-es,如tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes

有的单词加-s,如piano-pianos,photo-photos

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,把y改成i,再加es,如story-stories,baby-babies

(4)单词以f或fe结尾的,把f或fe改成ves。如,knife-knives,leaf-leaves

(5)一般情况直接加-s,如 boy-boys,girl-girls,apple-apples

不规则变化

(1) 字母a或o变成e,如man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese

(2) 单复数同形:sheep,deer,fish,Chinese ,people

(3) 其他:child-children,mouse-mice

5、many+可数名词复数,much+不可数名词

some、any后面既可以加可数名词复数,也可以加不可数名词

some用于肯定句和表示请求及建议的一般疑问句(Would you like/ Can(May/Could) I ...?) 例如:(1)I'd like some apples.

(2) There is some water in the glass.

(3) Would you like some tea? May I have some noodles?

any用于否定句和疑问句

例如:(1)I don’t have any notebooks.

(2)I don’t have any soup for lunch.

(3)Do you have any sisters? Is there any Coke?

6、形容词前面必须用be动词。

例:He is my music teacher. Lucy is polite.

7、情态动词:can,could,may,would,should,have to,has to,后面必须加动词原形。 例如: I can swim. I have to eat vegetables.

祈使句用动词原形。表示请求、命令等句子叫祈使句。它的主语是听话人(you),一般不需要说出来。通常以动词原形开头。

如:Let's go to school. Open the door,please.

8、冠词 a 、an、the

不定冠词(a、an),表示泛指,a+辅音,如 a young man, a university student

an+元音,如 an e-mail, an active girl,an interesting book 定冠词(the),表示特指、世界上独一无二的东西,如the sun,the Great Wall(注:there be不与the连接)

9、时间介词 in,on,at

in+一段时间:年份;季节;月份;上午、下午、晚上

on+具体时间:X月X日;星期几;节假日

at+时间点:at noon,at night,几点钟(at 7 o’clock;at 7:30)

10、 play+体育项目,如play football,play chess,play sports,play basketball

play + the + 乐器,如play the piano,play the pipa,play the violin

11、 问人的外貌、个性特征以及物体的外观句式:

What + be动词+主语+like?

12、 问星期几

What day is it today/tomorrow?

13、 问你午餐吃了什么?(已吃) What do you have for lunch?

问你午餐想吃什么?(未吃) What would you like for lunch?

问午餐有什么吃? (未吃) What’s for lunch?

14、 It’s time for + 名词,如 It’s time for music class.

It’s time to + 动词,如 It’s time to go to school.

15、

16、 The first day of a week is Sunday. like + 可数名词复数/不可数名词,如 I like Mondays. / I like beef.

like + 动词的现在分词(动词的ing形式),如 I like reading.

like + to + 动词原形,如 I like to read a book.

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