1.用于被动语态的句子中,表示动作的执行者,意为“被;由”。
He was praised by the teacher.他受到了老师的表扬。
the book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。
2.表示方式、方法、手段等,后常接无冠词的名词或动名词,意为“通过;靠;用”。 Don't judge a person by appearances. 勿以貌取人。
He made a living by teaching.他以教书为生。
3.表示时间,意为“到……时(为止”或“不迟于……”。
He ought to be here by now.他现在应该在这儿了。
By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语单词。
4.表示(增减)程度,尺寸数量等,意为“至……的程度”。
the bullet missed me by two inches.那子弹以两英寸之差未击中我。
the rope needs to be longer by two feet.这绳子需要再长两英尺。
5.表示交通路线或工具,后接名词不用冠词,意为“乘;坐”。
go by bus / plane / train 乘汽车(飞机、火车)去
travel by land / sea / air 陆上(海上、空中)旅行
6.表示位置,意为“在近旁;在……旁边”。
there is a pumping station by the river.河边有个抽水站
1.从...起,始于
She is singing from morning to night.
她从早唱到晚。
2.从;由
He rose from office boy to managing director in fifteen years.
他十五年里从办公室勤杂员升到总经理。
3.离(开)
Our school is two miles from the station.
我们学校离车站两英里。
4.从...来;出自
He comes from Shanghai.
他来自上海。
5.(表示去除、免掉、阻止、剥夺等)
The pill will relieve you from pain.
这药丸将使你免受痛苦。
6.(表示区别、比较)
He is old enough to know right from wrong.
他已长大,能够辨别是非了。
7.(表示原料)由
Flour is made from wheat.
面粉由小麦制成。
8.因为,由于;出于
He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed from laziness.
他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。
He is trembling from fear.
他吓得发抖。
for有很多种用法：
1. 表示“当作、作为”。如:
I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?
2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如:
Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。
Thank you for your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信。
Thank you for teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们。
3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”。如:
Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来。
Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。
4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如:
I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。 We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天。
5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等。如:
Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。
I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包。
I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典。
6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”。如:
It’s time for school. 到上学的时间了。
Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。
7. 表示“支持、赞成”。如:
Are you for this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?
8. 用于一些固定搭配中。如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师。
第二篇：初中英语各种介词的用法一览
各种介词的用法一览
与形容词搭配的词组有：
be afraid of(怕)
be angry with(生某人的气) be away from(不在某地)
be different from(与…不同) be good at(善于)
be good/ bad for (对…有益/有害) be interested in(对…感兴趣) be late for(迟到)
be/get ready for(为作好准备) be sure of (对…有把握)
be worried about(为…感到担忧)
2.介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式
1) You must take good care of her.
2) Thank you for teaching us so well.
3.几组易混淆的介词
A.“在...之后”
in +一段时间(用于一般将来时)
after +一段时间(用于一般过去时)
after +一点时间(常用于一般将来时)
如：
The baby stopped crying after half an hour.
The baby will stop crying in half an hour.
They will visit their teacher after Friday.
B.for +一段时间
since +过去的一点时间
这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部分，我会继续向同学们讲解。
C.be made of "用……制成"
be made in“由某地制造”
be made by somebody“由某人制成”
D.in，on，at表时间
in表示“在某月(季节、年等)”
如：in 1996, in January, in summer
固定词组：in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the end
on用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等。
如：on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16
at用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中。
固定词组：at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time。 注意：在表时间里，下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有：next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow前不用介词。如：不能说in tomorrow ,只能说tomorrow(在明天)
E. except +宾格/doing something "除…之外”(不包括本身)
Everyone is at school today except Lin Tao. (同义句转换)
=Only Lin Tao isn＇t at school today.
F.“用”交通工具by plane
用语言in English
通过媒介on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV
用工具手段with a pen, with one＇s hands
G.between“在~和~(两者)之间”
between...and...,
between the two...
among在...之间(三者或三者以上)