上海市高级口译复习
301 篇
汉译英
Passage1
近代中国经历了一段积贫积弱、任人宰割的历史。落后就要挨打，这是中国人民从屡遭外来 侵略的悲惨经历中得出的刻骨铭心的教训。一个国家只有首先自强，才能在世界上自立。一 百多年来，中国人民为实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标进行了不懈努力。 //
中华人民共和国成立后，中国人民自力更生、改革开放、与时俱进，在社会主义建设中取得 了举世瞩目的伟大成就。当前，中国人民坚定不移地抓住发展这个第一要务，正满怀信心地 为全面建设小康社会、实现现代化而团结奋斗。 //
China experienced a period of enduring impoverishment and long-standing debility in its modern history and was for a time at the mercy of other countries. Lagging behind leaves one vulnerable to attacks, which is the never-forgotten lesson the Chinese people have learnt from their tragic experience of repeated foreign invasions. A country has to strengthen itself before it can be sure of its place in the world. For over a hundred years, the Chinese people have made unremitting efforts toward the goal of rejuvenating the nation.//
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people, through self-reliance, have carried out the national program of reform and opening up and, by keeping pace with the times, have made great achievements in building socialism that have caught the attention of the world. At present, the Chinese people stay focused on the primary task of development, working together with full confidence to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and striving to achieve modernization.//
Passage2
中方重视美方在贸易不平衡、知识产权保护等问题上的关切，已经并将继续采取积极措施逐 步加以解决。中方不追求长期对美贸易顺差，将继续履行入世承诺，进一步向美国产品开放 市场。中国政府高度重视并将继续加强知识产权保护工作。我们已经降低了对侵犯知识产权 的刑事处罚门槛，已经并将进一步加大执法力度，开展保护知识产权专项整治行动。 // 解决中美经贸摩擦等问题需要双方共同采取行动。我们希望美方承认中国完全市场经济地位，
取消对华出口商品和技术的限制，纠正贸易保护主义的错误做法。增加对华出口，而不是限 制自华进口，才是解决贸易不平衡的正确途径。 //
China pays great attention to U.S. concerns about trade imbalances, IPR protection and others, and has taken, and will continue to take, effective steps to address them gradually. China is not after prolonged surplus in trade with the United States, and will continue to honor its WTO commitments by opening its market still wider to U.S. products. The Chinese
Government attaches great importance to IPR protection and will step up its measures in this
regard. We have lowered the threshold for criminal penalties against IPR infringement, intensified law enforcement and launched IPR protection campaigns. These measures will continue to be implemented.//
It takes the efforts of both China and the United States to address their economic and trade
frictions. We hope that the United States will recognize China’s full market economy status, lift restrictions on commodity and technology exports to China and correct the wrong practices of trade protectionism. Increasing exports to China, instead of restricting imports from China, is the right course of action to solve trade imbalances.//
Passage3
2
泰山的每个季节都有独特的魅力。春天，绿茵茵的山坡上，争奇斗妍的花朵到处可见。夏天 泰山的雷暴雨堪称奇观。秋天，枫树叶漫山遍野，蔚蓝色的河水川流不息。冬天，雪盖群峰 松披霜，景观素雅悲壮，别有一番情趣。喜逢艳阳日，极目远眺，重峦叠嶂，尽收眼帘。 但遇天阴时，环顾四周，苍茫大地，尽入云海。泰山的日出与日落，闻名遐尔。壮观的自然 风景以及不可计数的历史名胜，激发了古代文人墨客，为之舞文弄墨，创作了无数经典佳作。 泰山历来是画家骚客所钟情的聚集地。 //
Each season here has its beauty: bright flowers in full bloom covering the green slopes in spring, spectacular summer thunderstorms which are rarely seen elsewhere, blue rivers running across the mountains overlaid with red maple leaves in fall, and snow-capped mountains and frosted pine trees in winter thatstage a quietsolemn spectacle of particular interest. On a clear day onecan seethe peaks risingone after another. //
When the sky is overcast, the horizon disappears into a sea of clouds. Mount Tai is most famous for its spectacular sunrise and sunset. Its landscape and numerous historical sites have inspired many greatclassics of ancientwriters, scholars and calligraphers. MountTai has longbeen the preferred gatheringplace of artists and poets.//
Passage4
北京观光客自然都会游览故宫和长城，这是因为故宫和长城是举世闻名的旅游景点。而今天 我却想向各位推荐北京第三大旅游场所，北京世界公园。北京世界公园于 90年代初在北京 兴建，是北京的最新旅游景点。这里游客那种“一日游尽天下景”的梦想便可成真。 // 北京世界公园是规模雄踞亚洲同类公园之冠，所收微缩复制品的数量也堪称亚洲之最。世界 七大奇观以及 50个国家的约 100处历史名胜和自然景观均以微缩模型展出。占地面积 46.7公顷的世界公园分为 17处风景区，收集了亚洲、非洲、欧洲、南北美洲以及大洋洲的 主要名胜景点。 //
While the PalaceMuseum and the GreatWall, the two world-famous scenic spots, areknown to all a must tourist destination for people visiting Beijing, today, I’d like to introduce to you the Beijing World Park, the third major tourist site in Beijing. Completed in the early 1990s, the Beijing World
Parkboasts the newest spot in Beijing, and here the visitors may realize their dream of “touring around the world ina day.”//
The BeijingWorldParkis the largestparkof its kind, with mini replicas on the largestscalein Asia.The
Seven Wonders of the World and some 100 famous historical and natural sights from 50
countries areon display in miniature.The 46.7-hectareWorld Parkfeatures 17 scenic areas staging all themajor touristsites ofAsia,Africa,Europe,Americas andOceania.//
Passage5
20国集团会议机制，涵盖了世界最主要的发达国家、发展中国家和转轨国家，成员国人口 占世界总人口的 2/3，国内生产总值占世界国内生产总值的 90%以上，对外贸易额占世界 贸易额的 80%，是一个具有广泛代表性的重要国际经济论坛。 //
在当前国际形势下，20国集团各成员应该在平等互利、求同存异、灵活务实的基础上开展 对话，加强同其他国际和区域经济机构的交流合作，以增进互信、扩大共识、协调行动，在 健全国际经济贸易体制和规则、完善国际经济金融体系、加强南北对话和合作、促进全球减 贫和发展等方面，发挥更大、更积极的实质性作用。 //
The G20 mechanism has included in its members the primary players of both developed and 3
developing countries as well as those in transition. Measured by population size, they account for twothirdsoftheworldtotal;by GDP, over 90percent,andbyforeigntrade,80percent. Allthis has made it a widely representative andinfluentialinternationaleconomic forum.//
In light of the current international context, G20 members must engage in flexible and pragmatic dialogues on the basis of equality and mutual benefits, seeking common ground while shelving differences. Meanwhile, they must also increases exchanges and cooperation with other regional and international economic institutions to build trust, expand consensus and coordinate actions. All this will give them bigger and more active roles that can have a real impact on ameliorating the international trading systems and rules, improving the international economic and
financial structures, enhancing North-South dialogue and cooperation and facilitating
global efforts impoverty reduction and development.//
Passage6
中国是一个有着 5000多年悠久历史的文明古国。长期以来，中国人民以自己的勤劳智慧创 造了灿烂的中华文明，为人类文明进步作出了重大贡献。北京就是一座有 3000多年悠久历 史的文明古城， 800多年前北京开始建都。 //
离今晚会场人民大会堂不远的地方，就是举世闻名的故宫。故宫始建于 600年前，是世界 上现存最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。从历史悠久的北京和建筑精美的故宫这些缩影中，人 们就能够生动地感受到中华文明源远流长、博大精深的深厚底蕴，感受到中华民族自强不息、 顽强奋进的壮阔历程。 //
China is an ancient civilization with a history of over 5,000 years. The Chinese people have made major contribution to human progress by creatingthe splendid Chinese civilization with hard work and ingenuity.The city of Beijing, with its long history of over 3,000 years, stands testimony to thateffort.Its establishmentasthecapitalcity beganover 800 yearsago. //
A short distance from the Great Hall of the People, where we are meeting right now, is the
world-renowned ImperialPalace.Firstbuiltsome 600 years ago, it is the largestand most complete existing architectural complex of ancient royal palace in the world. From the time-honored capital and its majestic palace, people can feel vividly the long standing and profound richness of the Chinese civilization, and the grand course of historical development that the Chinese nation has followed with a dauntless anddashingspirit.//
Passage7
上海的字面意思是指“海上之埠 ”，简称“沪 ”，别称“申 ”。上海面积为 6340平方公里， 占全国总面积的 0.06%，属冲积平原，地势平坦，平均海拔高度为 4米，最高点大金山海 拔
103.4，常住居民达 1700万。这是世界上最大的海港城市之一，也是中国最大的工业、商 业、金融、航运中心之一。 //
这里有着世界上最快的陆地交通工具 ——磁悬浮列车和亚洲最高的高塔 ——东方明珠塔， 它们标志着上海的速度和高度。随着经济改革的日益深化，这座昔日被誉为远东金融、经济 和贸易中心的城市正在为促进长江三角洲的经济发展起着龙头作用。与此同时，上海以她独 特的风韵吸引着数百万计的海内外游客。作为一座国际大都市，上海的国际航班可直达世界 上 60多座城市。 //
Shanghai isliterally named as “aport on the sea”.For historicalreasons, this city has acquired two additional names for short, “Hu” and “Shen”. Shanghai occupies a soil deposit plain land of 6,340 altitude of 4 meters above sealevel, the 103.4 meter Dajinshan being the summitof this land.
About 17 million people register as the city’s permanent residents. Shanghai is one of the world’s 4
largest seaports and among China’s biggest industrial, commercial, financial and shipping centers. Here you will see the world’s fastest means of land transportation, the maglev train, and the tallest tower in Asia, the Oriental Pearl Tower, marking metaphorically the speed and height of Shanghai. With its deepening economic reform, this city, formerly crowned as the financial, economic and trade hub of the Far East, is playing a leading role in boosting economic
development in the Yangtze River Delta. Meanwhile, Shanghai has attracted millions of Chinese and overseas tourists with its unique charm. As an international metropolis, Shanghai provides direct flights to more than 60cities intheworld.//
Passage8
中国是个多宗教的国家。主要宗教有佛教、道教、伊斯兰教、天主教和基督教。佛教在中国 已有 2000多年的历史。现在中国有佛教寺院 1.3万余座，出家僧尼约 20万人。道教发源 于中国，已有 1700多年历史。中国现有道教宫观 1500余座，乾道、坤道 2.5万余人。伊 斯兰教于公元 7世纪传入中国。 //
回族、维吾尔族等 10个少数民族中的群众信仰伊斯兰教。这些少数民族总人口约 1800万， 现有清真寺 3万余座，伊玛目、阿訇 4万余人。天主教自公元 7世纪起传入中国。中国现 有天主教徒约 400万人，教职人员约 4000人，教堂、会所 4600余座。基督教于公元 19 世纪初传入中国。中国现有基督徒约 1000万人，教牧传道人员 1.8万余人，教堂、会所 1.2 万余座。 //
China isa country with a greatdiversity of religious beliefs.The main religions areBuddhism,
Taoism, Islam, Catholicism andProtestantism. Buddhism enjoys ahistory of 2,000 years inChina. Currently China has 13,000-some Buddhist temples and about 200,000 Buddhist monks and nuns. Taoism, native to China, has a history of more than 1,700 years. China now has over 1,500 Taoist temples and more than 25,000 Taoist priests and nuns. Islam was introduced into China in the seventh century.//
In China there are ten minorities, including the Hui and Uygur, with a total population of 18
million, whose faithisIslam. Their 30,000-odd mosques areserved by40,000 Imams andAkhunds. Catholicism was introduced into China in the 7th century. At present, China has four million Catholics, 4,000 priests and more than 4,600 churches and meeting houses. Protestantism was first broughtto China inthe early 19th century.There areabout10 million Protestants, more than 18,000 clergy,more than12,000 churches and meetinghouses throughout China.//
Passage9
素有“江南第一学府 ”之美誉的复旦大学已经成为一个包容文、理、工、医等学科的综合 性大学。一个世纪以来，一代又一代的复旦人秉承“爱国、奉献、求实、创新”的精神，以 丰富的想像力、活跃的创造力和卓有成效的实践，在中国高等教育发展史上留下了深深的足 迹。//
同时，为人类的文明和社会的进步，为民族的振兴和国家的强盛，为上海的经济发展和文化 繁荣作出了重要的贡献。当前，复旦大学正在大力推进学科建设和教学改革，提高办学质量 和效益，全面提升复旦学术研究的知名度和影响力。 //
Fudan University,renowned without failas the bestuniversity south of theYangtze River,has
become a comprehensive university with a complete range of disciplines in liberal arts, science, engineering and medicine. For the past one hundred years, the spirit of "patriotism, dedication, truth-seeking and innovation" has guided the Fudan people generation after generation. With its rich imagination, active creativity and effectualpractice, Fudan has setup milestones in the history of China's higher education.//
5
And it has contributed profusely to the progress of humanity and society, to the rejuvenation and prosperity of our nation, as well as to the economic and cultural prosperity of Shanghai. Currently, Fudan University is working hard in the hope of spurring discipline-construction and education reform, and improving education quality and efficiency, and elevating Fudan's academic influenceandvisibility inalldimensions.//
Passage10
上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积 38 000平方米，由地下两层、地上 5层构成，建筑高度
29．5米。这座壮观的新馆将方体基座和巨型圆顶及 4个拱形出挑结合起来，象征着传统文 化与时代精神的完美融合。从高处俯瞰，上海博物馆的玻璃圆顶犹如一面硕大的汉代铜镜。 从远处眺望，新馆建筑犹如一尊青铜古鼎，默默承载着 5 000年历史和文明的重荷。 // 上海博物馆南面大门的两侧，耸立着 8尊汉白玉雕塑。这是从 300多件汉、唐雕塑文物中 遴选出 8件作品加以仿制放大，每件高近 3米，重约 20吨，极具庄严雄浑之气。传统文 化与现代风格的完美结合，在室内装饰上也得以充分体现。 //
The new site of the Shanghai Museum has a construction space of 38,000 squaremeters with two floors underground and five floors above the ground with a height of 29.5 meters. This grand new building, structured with a square base and a circular top with four arch-shaped handles erected on it, symbolizes the perfect fusion of China's traditional culture and the spirit of modern times. When viewed from above, the circular top with a glass dome in the center looks like a huge bronze mirror of the Han Dynasty. When viewed at a distance, the whole building resembles an ancient bronze ding tripod, shouldering in silence the heavy weight of the five-thousand-year Chinese history andcivilization. //
The southern entrance of the Shanghai Museum is flanked by eight dignified mighty animals in white-marble sculpture, each with a heightof close to three meters and a weight of abouttwenty tons. These eight sculptures were modeled and magnified after the prototypes carefully selected from over 300 stone and bronze sculpture relics of the Han, Northern and Southern, Sui and Tang Dynasties collected in the museum. The museum's perfect combination of traditional culture and modern architecturalstyle isalso fully captured by theinterior decoration of the museum.// Passage11
欧洲是交响乐之乡，也是歌剧之乡，是许多杰出作曲家的摇篮。中国也有歌剧，那就是京剧。 京剧起源于 200年前清朝时期的北京。京剧是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术 于一体的表演艺术。我们的服装展览会将展示这个“东方歌剧”历时 200年的发展史，以 及源自清朝后期的舞台服饰。 //
服饰设计采用了夸张性和象征性的手法，色彩明亮鲜艳，用料独特，裁剪别致。另一场展览 将展出 600套服饰，其中有秦汉以来不同朝代的古装，有我国少数民族服装，也有现代服 饰。我国的名模将登台表演，展示我国服装业和服装设计师的成就。 //
Europe is the home to symphonic music and also home to opera. It has been a cradle of many brilliant music composers. China has opera, too. That's Peking Opera, which originated from Beijing some 200 years ago during the Qing Dynasty. It's a performing art that embraces opera performance, singing, music, dancing and martial arts. The costume exposition will present 200 years of development of this "Oriental Opera" and the performance costumes dating to the late QingDynasty.//
The costume design adopted exaggeration and symbolic means and bright colors. The materials areunique, so arethe tailoringskills.Another exhibition willdisplay atotalof 600 setsof clothes, including the ancient clothes of different dynasties from the Qin and Han, the costumes of 6
China's ethnic groups, and modern garments and accessories. Famous models from China will participate to presenttheachievements of the Chinese garmentindustry andChinese designers.// Passage12
中国人民自古以来的哲学思想就是“和为贵”、“和而不同 ”，我们历来主张中美两国文明虽 有不同，却不相斥；虽有差异，却能交融。作为世界上有重要影响的大国，中美应该相互尊 重、相互学习、求同存异、取长补短，为不同国家、不同文明之间和谐共存、进行建设性合 作树立榜样，为实现人类的共同发展作出贡献。去年 8月，美国波士顿斯诺敦公立高中的 9 名学生来到中国，到河北和北京与中国学生开展了为期半个月的“美中城市学生看中国 ” 活动。//
活动中，两国学生克服语言和文化障碍，超越习俗和偏见，通过沟通和互动，结下了深厚的 友谊。美国学生学会了唱中国歌曲《茉莉花》、画中国山水画。“我们喜欢中国 !”是他们由 衷的心声。中国学生练就了标准的美式发音，还学会了跳美国街舞。依依惜别之时，两国学 生彼此承诺：努力学习，健康成长，未来再相会。 //
Since ancient times, China's prevailing philosophy has been one that preaches "peace is most
precious" and "harmony without uniformity." We always believe thatthough the Chinese and U. S. civilizations aredifferent, they caneasily getalongwith eachother instead of repelling eachother. As major countries of global influence, China and the United States should respect and learn from each other, seek common ground while shelving differences, and complement each other with respective strengths. In so doing, we can set a good example for different countries and
civilizations to live side by side harmoniously and engage in constructive cooperation, making a contribution to the common development of humanity. Last August, nine U.S. students from Snowden National School in Boston joined Chinese students in Hebei and Beijing in a 15-day programentitled “U. S.andChinese City StudentsViewChina.”//
Duringthe program, the students overcame language and culturalbarriers, roseabove perhaps one-sided views, and forged deep friendship through communication and interaction. The U.S. students learnt to sing the Chinese song “Jasmine” and paint landscape with Chinese brushes. “We like China.” These are words from the bottom of their hearts. The Chinese students learnt quite standard American English pronunciation and theAmerican hip-hop. When it came to the time of parting, the students promised to each other that they would study hard, keep fit and meet again in the future.//
Passage13
中国人认为，太极是天地万物之根源。太极分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气产生木、火、土、金、 水这五行。五行代表或作用于人体器官，即火对心，木对肝，土对脾胃，金对肺，水对。肾。 阴阳化合而生万物，太极则代表了阴阳调和。 //
长期以来，世界只知道中国有指南针、火药、造纸和活字印刷四大发明。几乎很少有人知道 中国已发现了经络的存在。经络是指人体内血气运行通路的主干与分支网络，针刺穴位散布 其间。北京经络研究中心通过现代科学方法，已经证实了经络的存在。经络的发现无疑是为 《易经》和《黄帝内经》的理论提供了强有力的佐证。
We Chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on Earth. Taiji comprises yin and yang, two types of vital energy. The five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and yang. These five elements correspond to, or affect, particular human organs.That is, the element of the firecorresponds to the heart, the wood to the liver, the earthto the spleen and the
stomach, the metaltothelungandthewatertothekidney. The combinationofyinandyanggives
birthtoall lives on Earth.Taiji represents the harmonious stateof balance between yin andyang.// 7
For a long time, the rest of the world was only aware of China's four major inventions: the compass, gunpowder, paper-making and movable-type printing. Very few know about China's discovery of jingluo thatexists in a human body. Jingluo is a system of internalmain and collateral channels, regarded as a network of energy passages, along which acupuncture points are
distributed. The existence of jingluo has been proved by using modern scientific methods at the Beijing Jingluo Research Center. The discovery of the existence of jingluo provides a strong support for the theories advanced in The Book of Changes and Huang Di's Classic of Internal Medicine.//
Passage14
鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。鲁菜注重选料，精于刀工，善于炊技。作为我国北方菜系的 代表，鲁菜烹饪技术广泛用于明清两代的宫廷菜。川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多样。 据统计，川菜的品种在五千种以上。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。 //
最难归类的粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。粤菜源于明清，在发展过程中不仅吸收 借鉴了中国北方烹调和西餐烹调的精华，同时也保持了自己的传统特色。扬州菜以江苏省境 内的扬州、南京、苏州等地的地方菜式为基础之大成。扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味，在菜的 装饰上讲究形态的艺术性和颜色的鲜艳性，扬州菜实际上糅合了南北菜系之精华。也有人以 八个字来归纳这四大菜系的口味特点，即“南淡北咸，东甜西辣 ”。//
Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces. The dishes
featurechoice of materials, adept technique in slicing and perfect cooking skills. Shandong cuisine is representative of northern China's cooking and its technique has been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644 -1911) dynasties. Sichuan cuisine
features a wide range of materials, various seasonings and different cooking techniques. Statistics show that the number of Sichuan dishes has surpassed 5,000.With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies, dominated by peppery and chili flavors andbestknown forbeingspicy-hot.//
Cantonese cuisine, the hardest to categorize, emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitless range of ingredients. Cantonese cuisine took shape in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the process of its development, it has borrowed the culinary essence of northern China and of the Western-style food, while maintaining its traditional local flavor. Yangzhou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing and Suzhou, all within Jiangsu Province. While emphasizing the original flavors of well-chosen materials, it features carefully selected ingredients, also, the artistic shape and bright colors of the dishes and more ornamental value. Yangzhou cuisine is essentially a combination of the best elements of northern and southern cooking.According to some others, the characteristic flavors of China’s four major
cuisines can be summed up in the following expression: “The light southern (Canton) cuisine, and the salty northern (Shangdong) cuisine; the sweet eastern (Yangzhou) cuisine, and the spicy western (Sichuan) cuisine.”//
Passage15
我们应该尊重和维护世界文明的多样性。各国文明的多样性，是人类社会的基本特征，也是 推动世界文明进步的重要动力。当今世界拥有 60亿人口， 200多个国家和地区， 2 500 多个民族， 5 000多种语言。各个国家和地区，无论是历史传统、宗教信仰和文化背景，还 是社会制度、价值观念和发展程度，往往存在这样那样的差异，整个人类文明也因此而交相 辉映、多姿多彩。 //
这种文明的多样性是在历史长河中形成的，并将长期存在下去。中国古代思想家孔子曾说过， 8
“万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖 ”。我们应该充分尊重各国文明的多样性，而不应人 为歧视或贬低他国文明；应该鼓励各种文明在对话交流中相互借鉴、取长补短，而不应相互 隔绝和相互排斥；应该倡导各种文明在相互包容、求同存异中共同发展，而不应强求一律、 强加于人。 //
We should respect and maintain the diversity of the world's civilizations. The diverse civilizations are a hallmark of human society and an important driving force behind human progress. Our world today has over 6 billion inhabitants living in more than 200 countries and regions. They break down into over 2,500 ethnic groups and speak more than 5,000 different languages. Be it historical tradition, faith and culture, or social system, values and level of development, those countries or regions areoften different from one another.It is these differences thatmake our planetdazzling, colorfuland bustling with life.//
Such diversity is a legacy of history and will stay with us into the future. The ancient Chinese thinker Confucius once said, "All living creatures grow together without harming one another; ways run parallel without interfering with one another." Instead of harboring bias against or
deliberately belittlingother civilizations, weshould give fullrespectto the diversity of civilizations. Instead of shutting each other out in mutual exclusion, we should encourage dialog and exchange between civilizations so that they can learn from each other in mutual emulation. Instead of demanding uniformity and imposing one's will on others, we should promote common
development of all civilizations in the course of mutual tolerance and seeking agreement while shelving differences.//
英译汉
Passage1
Australiais a land of exceptional beauty.It is the world's smallest continent and largestisland, and a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. A series of geological and historical accidents has made Australia one of the world's most attractive counties from the tourist's
viewpoint. This country has a land areaof 7,686, 850 square kilometers and its coastline is 36,735 kilometers.//
The vast movements of the earth's crust created a vast land of Australia, isolated it and
positioned it across the tropical and temperate climatic zones. This land has a small population, which left enormous areas unspoiled. Here you witness an astonishing variety of environments, from desert to rain forest, tropical beach to white snowfield, from big, sophisticated cities to vast uninhabited areas.//
澳大利亚是一个异常美丽的国家。这是世界最小的洲，也是最大的岛，是在古老的土地上建 立起来的较为年轻的国家。地质史上，这块土地的地貌形态发生了一系列变化，澳大利亚在 旅游者眼中成了世界上最吸引人的国家之一。这个国家的陆地面积为 7 686 850平方公里， 海岸线长达 36 735公里。//
地壳的剧烈运动使澳大利亚成了幅员辽阔，与大陆分离，地处温、热带地区的国家。由于澳 大利亚可以观赏到各种地形风貌，从沙漠到热带雨林，从地处热带的海滩到白雪皑皑的田野， 从扑朔迷离的大都市到人迹罕到的旷野，景观各异，令人叹为观止。 //
Passage2
It isalways apleasure to beamong thebestandthe brightestinanatmosphereof learning.The university setting is the bestincubator thatexists for the inception and sharing of ideas.The agenda you’ve set forth here for the next two-and-a-half days is one that goes to the heart of what is exciting and important to business and industry today. I’ve been asked to share my 9
thoughts with you today aboutmoving from “me” thinkingto “we” thinking. My view is simple: individuals add; teamplayers multiply.//
Tsinghua undergrads are fortunate in that more and more your university is encouraging
teamwork in your casework, stimulating the transition from “me” to “we”.AtWilson, we, too, are making greatstrides inbreaking down the psychologicalandorganizational barriersthatresultfrom “me” thinking. Even though we have more yet to do, we have been reaping exciting rewards by effectively using work teams to reengineer processes to gain improvements in costs, quality and response times.//
在学术气氛中置身于最优秀、最聪明的人士中间总是一件令人愉快的事。大学是思想涌现和 交流的孵化器。你们所制定的两天半的议程将探讨的问题对今天工商业界来说是一些既令人 兴奋又有重要意义的核心问题。今天我应邀向各位交流一下我对由“我 ”思维转为“我们” 思维的看法。我的观点很简单，我认为个人做的是加法，而集体做的是乘法。 //
清华大学的学生很幸运，因为贵校越来越提倡学生在案例学习中开展集体活动，促使“我” 思维模式向“我们”思维模式的转变。我们威尔逊公司也正在努力打破那些由“我 ”思维 带来的心理障碍和组织障碍。虽然我们还有许多事要做，但是由于我们在调整营运过程中有 效地发挥了团队的作用，我们已经在降低生产成本、提高产品质量、缩短反应时间等方面收 到了令人鼓舞的成效。 //
Passage3
London is one of the world’s great centers for classical and popular culture. it has enjoyed a reputation for superb theater since the time of Shakespeare in the 16th century.The variety ranges from the majestic Royal National Theatre to the lavish Royal Opera House. The sheer
number of symphony orchestras is impressive and includes the London Symphony Orchestra, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestraandthe English Chamber Orchestra.//
Some of the most well-known concert halls in the world, such as the Royal Festival Hall, provide favorable venues for the cornucopia of performances in London. London itself is a living museum, with more than 2,000 years of history and culture. But it also boasts one of the greatest
concentrations of significant museums (more than 100) of any city in the world. The jewel in this cultural crown is the British Museum, with 4 kilometers of galleries and more than 4 million exhibits.//
伦敦是世界上古典文化和通俗文化的大中心之一。自 16世纪莎士比亚时代起伦敦一直享有 拥有一流剧院的美誉，如宏伟的皇家国家剧院和豪华的皇家歌剧院。伦敦拥有数量众多的交 响乐园，如伦敦交响乐团、皇家爱乐乐团和英格兰室内乐园。 //
伦敦有一些世界上最负盛名的音乐厅，如皇家节日厅，为伦敦各类音乐演出提供了良好的场 所。虽然有着 20xx年历史和文化的伦敦自身就是一座活生生的博物馆，它却集中了一个宠 大的博物馆群，数量超过 100个，为世界其他城市所少见。大英博物馆镶刻在这顶文化皇 冠上的一颗宝石，拥有 4公里长的展廊和 400万余件展品。 //
Passage4
Vancouver is predominantly a service center. Since the 1960s, employment in finance, insurance, and real-estate-related activities has tripled, that in accommodation and food services has quadrupled, thatin health and welfareservices has quintupled, and thatin services for business has increased eightfold. Employment in primary and secondary industries has declined relative to population.//
The majority of Vancouver's historicbuildings arein the Gastown andChinatown areas.Older 10
sections of the city have undergone considerable change since 1960, when downtown high-rise office buildings and hotels were built. False Creek – a decaying industrial area with sawmills, rail yards, and small shops --was transformed into a residential development project. Gastown, the original heartof the city,was restored inthe 1880sstyle with antique stores andboutiques.//
服务业是温哥华的主要行业。自 20世纪 60年代以来，金融、保险以及房地产相关行业的 从业人员增至 3倍，旅馆餐饮服务业的从业人员增至 4倍，卫生福利服务业的从业人员增 至 5倍，商业服务的从业人员增至 8倍。第一和第二产业的从业人员的比率下降了。 //
温哥华的历史建筑大多坐落在盖斯敦和中国城地区。自 19xx年以来，温哥华的老城区发生 了相当大的变化，市中心的摩天办公楼和旅馆拔地而起。法尔斯河这个锯木厂、铁路调车场、 小店铺充斥其间的日渐衰败的工业区，已被改造为住宅发展区。旧城的市中心盖斯敦区已重 新恢复了 1880年代的风格，古玩店和时装礼品店四处可见。
Passage5
The plunging water hasworn awaythe lower rocks so thattherearecaves behind the sheets of waterof both falls.Sightseers may enter the Caveof theWinds at the footof theAmericanfalls and get anunusual view.The Canadian falls has carved a plunge basin 59 meters deep. Both the United States andCanadiangovernments havebuiltparks, viewingplatforms, paths, andhighways. //
The Niagara Reservation State Park was established in 1885 and is New York's oldest state park. It includes an observation tower, elevators that descend into the gorge at the base of the American falls, and boat trips into the waters at the base of the Horseshoe Falls. At night colored lights illuminate the falls and create a charming spectacle which viewers find hard to turn away from. The park area has long been a tourist site and a favorite spot for couples to spend their
honeymoons.//
飞泻直下的河水冲蚀着下面的岩石，久而久之，两大瀑布的水帘之后便出现了洞穴。游客可 以进入位于美国瀑布谷底旁的“风穴 ”，观赏穴内奇景，可一饱眼福。加拿大瀑布长年累月 的冲蚀，在其谷底造就成一个 59米深的盆池。美加两国政府分别为尼亚加拉瀑布建造了公 园、观赏台、步行路径和高速公路。 //
尼亚加拉保护区州辖公园于 1885年建立，是纽约州年代最久的州辖公园。公园里耸立着一 座观察塔，游人乘电梯直下，可来到美国瀑布底部的峡谷地带。游客还可以乘坐游艇驶入马 蹄瀑布谷底的水域。夜幕降临后，瀑布在五色斑斓的灯光的照耀下，显得风情万种，妩媚无 比，令人流连忘返。多年来，尼亚加拉瀑布公园一直是游人驻足之胜地，鸳侣蜜月之佳所。 Passage6
New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the Equator and the South Pole. Lying within the South Temperate Zone, New Zealand has an oceanic climate, without extremes of heator cold. Mostparts of the country enjoy ample sunshine and rainfall, although the weather is rather changeable. Seasons are the reverse of the Northern Hemisphere, with temperatures generally higher in the north of the country, which experiences sub-tropical warmth
insummer.Winter brings extensive snowfalls inthe SouthernAlps.//
New Zealand is an active trading nation, linked to its principal trade partners by regular sea and air services. The country is one of the world’s largestexporters of wool, and the largest
single-country exporter of dairy products (notably butter, cheese and milk powder), lamb and mutton. Other major exports and timber products, fish and horticultural products. China is one of New Zealand’s principal trade partners. The two countries have experienced increasing
exchanges in many areas in recent years, including the frequent exchanges in cultural,
11
educational and public health fields.//
新西兰是一个南太平洋国家，位于赤道和南极洲之间。新西兰地处南温带，属海洋性气候， 没有严冬和酷署。尽管气候变化较大，但全国大部分地区阳光充足，雨量充沛。新西兰的季 节与北半球相反，北部的气温一般较高，夏季有着亚热带地区的温暖。冬季到来时，南阿尔 卑斯山脉为大雪所覆盖。 //
新西兰是一个活跃的贸易国，通过定期海上和空中运输服务与主要的贸易伙伴保持联系。新 西兰是世界上最大的羊毛出口国之一，也是单个出口乳制品（尤其是黄油、奶酪和奶粉）、 羊羔内和羊肉最多的国家。其他主要出口产品有木材、木器、水产和园艺品。中国新西兰的 主要贸易伙伴国之一，两国在许多领域里的交往，包括文化、教育和卫生方面的交流，近年 来有增无减。 //
Passage7
The Sydney OperaHouse isthe mother andfather of allmodern landmarkbuildings.Although its architect was forced to resign and it was never properly finished inside, the opera house has
come to define not only a city, but also an entire nation and continent. The Sydney Opera House was meantto look like agiant sailingship. Butyou may bringwhatever interpretation you would to it.//
Since its opening in 1973, the Sydney Opera House has been host to many of the most
memorable, world-class artistic performances. However, as time goes by, modifications are
required to meet the needs and technology of the day, without, of course, losing its architectural integrity. The New South Whales government has agreed to provide $69. 3 million for several projects to improve the facilities and environment for performing arts companies, patrons and visitors.//
悉尼歌剧院是现代社会所有划时代建筑物的先驱。虽然歌剧院的设计师被迫辞职，虽然歌剧 院的内装潢从未圆满竣工，但是这件作品已不仅仅是一座城市的标志，而且也是一个国家和 一个洲的象征。虽然悉尼歌剧院的原创形象是一艘巨大的航船，但是你可以按自己的理解作 出解释。 //
自 19xx年剧院落成营业以来，已上演了许多场最令人难忘、世界级水平的艺术表演。然而， 随着时间的流逝，这座剧院需要修整以满足时代发展的需要和技术进步的要求。当然，任何 修整都不能以牺牲建筑整体特色为代价。澳大利亚新南威尔士州政府已决定斥资 6 930 万 关元，推出了几个旨在改进剧院设施和环境的工程项目，为表演艺术公司提供更好的演出条 件，为观众和参观者营造更好的观摩环境。 //
Passage8
Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of qi --an
energy forcethatflows through the body. Qi canbehindered or helped by yin andyang --opposing forces that, when balanced, work harmoniously together.According to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance --and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body.//
Acupuncture is widely employed in easing cravings and withdrawal pains of heroin addicts. 40% of the drug courts in the United States use acupuncture as part of their therapy. In the Miami system alone thereareclose to four hundred treatments per day.Insome countries, such
asSweden,
the doctors have achieved success with acupuncture in treating the effects of stroke. Those 12
stroke patients getting acupuncture along with physical therapy did a lot better than those getting physical therapy alone.//
中国传统医学认为，健康的体魄与气脉平衡有关。所谓“气”就是流动于体内的能量，其通 畅与否由阴阳二气决定，当这两种相对立的气脉趋于平衡时，它们在一起就十分和谐。根据 传统理论，针刺疗法的目的就在于使阴阳二气平衡从而加羁气脉的流动。其方法是将针刺入 体内交错的主要脉络上的各穴位。 //
针刺疗法被广泛用于缓解海洛因吸毒者的吸毒欲望以及戒毒带来的痛苦。在美国， 40％的 戒毒所将针刺疗法用作治疗的组成部分。仅仅在迈阿密地区，每天就有近 400项治疗使用 针刺疗法。在有些国家，如瑞典，医生用针刺疗法成功地治疗了中风。那些同时接受针疗和 理疗的中风病人与仅接受理疗的中风病人相比，前者的疗效远比后者好得多。 // Passage9
You'll find restaurants for every situation in the United States. If you're in a hurry, you may
justwantto grab some "junkfood" at a grocery store, or you canget abite to eatat one of the many fast food chains, like McDonald's, Burger King, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, or Taco Bell. Oryou canget a heroor submarine sandwich "tostay" or "togo" from asandwich shop or deli.// Some of these places have tables, but many don't. People eat in their cars or take their food
home, to their offices or to parks. If you prefer sitting down butstilldon't wantto spend much, you cantry a cafeteria.Atallof these places, you pick and choose your own food and then pay at a cash register,butyou usually haveto clearthetable when you finish!//
在美国，你可以找到任何一种餐馆。你若来去匆匆，可以去食品店随手买些“方便食品”， 也可以从麦当劳、汉堡王、肯德基炸鸡店、“必胜客”比萨饼屋，或玉米卷这些快餐连锁店 中挑上一家，买些食物权且充饥。你还可以上三明治店或熟食店买一块“英雄 ”型或“潜 水艇”型的大三明治，你可以“堂吃 ”，也可以“外卖 ”。//
这类快餐店有的甚至连餐桌都没有，人们买了一份快餐后，有的拿到自己的车里去吃，有的 拿回自己的家里去吃，也有的拿到办公室或公园里去吃。如果你既想坐在餐桌边上吃，同时 又不愿多破费，那么你可以去自助餐厅。在那里，你可以先挑选自己喜欢的食物，然后到账 台付钱。不过通常用完餐后，你得把自己的餐盘从餐桌上端走。 //
Passage10
The economist John Maynard Keynes argued that market behavior could not be rational, or subject to improvement, since our existing knowledge did not provide a sufficient basis for a
calculated mathematical expectation of investment returns. I think this observation is particularly true when the object of speculation involves the application of a new technology, such as the Internet.//
Modern financial theory attempts to surmount the problem of an unknowable future by
suggesting that returns can be predicted by measuring the past volatility of share prices --shares thatexhibithigher volatility areexpected to yield greater returns.Yet this assumes thefuture willbe a continuation of the past --like steering a car by looking in the rear-view mirror. Investors therefore remain heavily dependent on their emotions. The feelings of "greed" and "fear”, that drive markets remain constant throughoutthe ages.//
经济学家约翰 ·梅纳德·凯恩斯曾经说过，市场的行为不可能是理性的，也不可能改进， 因为我们现有的知识不能为经过精确计算而得出的投资收益预期提供充分的依据。我认为在 投机对象涉及到新技术的使用时，例如因特网的使用，凯恩斯的这种看法尤为正确。 //
现代金融理论试图解决未来不可预测的问题。按照现代金融理论，投资收益可以通过对股价 13
以往的波动幅度来预测，也就是说，股价波动较大的股票可望带来较大的回报。但是这种理 论是以未来是过去的延续为前提的，如同看着后视镜驾驶汽车一样。所以投资者仍然在很大 程度上凭着自己的情感操作。在任何年代，推动市场的“贪心”和“担心”这两种心情总是 永恒不变的。
Passage11
The psychology of the market is one that includes both the psychology of investing and the psychology of gambling. There are the compulsive attractions of gambling in the market. The undulating moods of the stock market, alternating between its bull phase of energy greediness and grandiosity,and the bearphase of timidity,anxiety,indecisiveness and self-doubt, reflectthe manic behavior of the gambling addict. Speculation differs from most gambling activities in that the beliefs of the participants affect the results. In certain circumstances speculators are capable of creatingself-fulfilling prophecies.//
Success in speculation is ultimately dependenton finding someone elseto buy your shares at a higher price than you paid for him or her. Every speculative bubble resembles a chain letter in that profits are provided by late entrants to the market. Everyone is attempting to anticipate the immediateintentions of his competitors. In such circumstances, paying attention to shifts in market psychology becomes essential.//
市场的心态表现出投机与赌博兼而有之的两重性。市场有难以抗拒的赌博诱惑。股市的情绪 在牛市和熊市之间交替波动，牛市充满了高涨的贪婪情绪，熊市则弥漫着胆怯、焦虑、犹豫 不决和自我怀疑的情绪。股市心态的这种波动折射出赌徒的躁狂行为。投机活动与大多数赌 博活动的不同之处在于，投机参与者的信念会影响投机结果。在某些情况下，投机者能够创 造出自我实现的预言。 //
投机的成功归根到底取决于别人能否以比你买入时更高的价格买下你手中的股票。每个投机 泡沫就好比一封连锁信，利润是由后来入市者提供的。每一个人都在预测竞争对手下 _步的 意图。在这种情况下，对市场心理变化的关注是至关重要的。 //
Passage12
The utility of the United Nations to the United States as an instrument of foreign policy can too easily be underestimated. Over the years since its founding in 1945, the United Nations has been more or less a servant of American interests. The most spectacular examples were the official UN authorization and sponsorship of intervention in the “troubled spots” of the world with an international peacekeeping force. Consider this fact: The United States provides anaverage quarter of theUN budget. //
ManyAmericans feelthe United Nations does notgive good value forthe investment. Butany
evaluation of the United Nations must take into account the purpose for which the United States sought to create it: power without diplomacy. In many cases, a victory of the United Nations is a victory of the United States. Inrecentyears, however,with the growing position of Chinaand some other countries in international diplomacy,the United States can no longer control UN decisions as it did before. But the United Nations will continue to function as a useful instrument of American foreign policy.//
美国利用联合国作为其外交政策的工具很容易被低估。联合国自 19xx年成立以来，或多或 少地成了美国利益的服务工具。最典型的事例是，在联合国正式授权和操办下，国际维和部 队可以对世界上的“麻烦 ”地区进行干预。你得考虑这样一个事实，美国给联合国提供的 经费占了联合国总预算的 1／4。//
许多美国人认为，联合国没有对这种投资予以良好的回报。但是，对联合国的任何评价都必 14
须考虑到美国所追求的目的，即不使用外交手段的力量。很多事例表明，联合国的胜利就是 美国的胜利。然而，由于中国以及其他一些国家近年来国际外交地位的提高，美国再也无法 像以前那样控制联合国的决策。当然，联合国作为美国外交政策的有效工具，将继续发挥这 样的作用。 //
Passage13
We must recognize that the world today is diverse, manifold, colorful and rich in terms of culture. This should be an asset rather than a debt of humanity. It permeates all aspects of human rights, whether civil, political, economic, social or cultural. The world would be a much better place to live in if we respected cultural diversity, practiced tolerance and lived together in peace with one another asgood neighbors.//
It is essential to transcend the differences in social system and ideology in handling state-to-state relations, and work to seek convergence of common interests, rather than model the world after one political system or development mode. We hope thatthe United Nations willtruly become a center for harmonizing actions of nations. We call for stronger efforts by the United Nations to harmonize cultures through dialogues and consultation, as well as to resist any attempt to build a mono-culturalworld bymeans of political pressureandcoercion.//
我们必须认识到，当今世界的文化纷然杂陈、丰富多彩。这是人类的财富，绝非负担。这一 特征反映在人权的各个方面，如民权、政治权、经济权、社会权和文化权。如果我们尊重文 化的多样性，宽容忍让，和睦相处，这个世界会变得更美好。 //
处理国与国的关系应超越社会制度和意识形态的差异，努力寻求共同利益的汇合点，不能用 一种政治制度和发展模式去规范世界。我们希望联合国成为国际协调中心。我们要求联合国 发挥更强有力的作用，以对话和协商的方式协调文化关系，抵剖任何企图以施加政治压力的 手段来建立一个单一文化世界的行为。
Passage14
Our country has been a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for almost 30 years. Global economic issues are among the core elements of post-Cold War international relations and like other countries, we give priority attention to these issues. Our increasing dependence on international trade and the effects of world economic conditions on our domestic economy have led to a sharpened focus on international trade issues in the pursuit of our foreign policy.//
Our economic and political future is linked closely with those of its Asian and other Pacific
neighbors. Our trade, investment and technology transfer, in the form of joint ventures with such countries, continue to grow. Through regular, reciprocal, high-level exchanges of visits, our close contact with their governments continues, particularly with the government of the People's
Republic of China. We takethe view thatpeace andprosperity intheAsia-Pacificregion depend on the ability of the region's countries tocooperate tomaintain economic growth and
politicalstability.
We are keen to ensure the stability and security of this region and to develop mutually profitable trade, investment, technological exchanges andcooperation.
近 30年来我国一直是经济合作与发展组织的成员。全球经济问题在冷战后的国际关系中处 于中心位置，我们同其他国家一样对这些问题给予优先考虑。由于我国对国际贸易的依赖越 来越大，由于世界经济对我国经济的影响，我们在奉行外交政策的同时更为关注国际贸易问 题。 //
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我国政治和经济前途与亚洲以及其他太平洋邻国的政治和经济前途休戚相关。通过与这些国 家建立合资企业，我国的贸易、投资和技术转让继续得到增长。经常性的高层次互访使我们 同这些国家的政府，特别是同中华人民共和国政府，继续保持密切的接触。我们认为，亚太 地区的和平与繁荣取决于该地区各国能否进行合作以保持经济增长和政治稳定。我们迫切希 望保障亚太地区的稳定和安全，发展互惠互利的贸易、投资和技术交流与合作。 Passage15
Round-the-clock timetable ischanging ourwayof life.The 21stcentury officenever leaves us. We bring our wireless cell phones and notebook computers when vacationing. There are people who bring their cell phones into concert halls and auditoriums. For them, missing an important business message is not a miss that is remediable. The round-the-clock hyperspeed "Internet time" won't give us quiet time for resting and thinking. An increasing number of business
executives have taken to bragging about how much sleep they get. For them, the ultimate status symbol isthepower tolive bynature's clock ratherthan theNet'sclock.//
Ofcourse, there is no going backtothe agrarianpast.I think the right attitude is to go with the tide of the times and live as a master of our time without submitting to a kind of 21st century enslavement. We will learn to arrange our lives according to our nature's clock within the
framework of the 24-hour timetable of the Net, rather than chasing after the Net's sun that never sets, for such an actis, undoubtedly, not only a sign of incompetence but also anactof burning the candle at both ends.//
二十四小时的全天候时间表在改变着我们的生活方式。 21世纪的办公地点无处不在。我们 外出度假时会随身携带无线手机或手提电脑。有些人甚至把手机带入音乐厅和会议厅，因为 在他们看来，错过一个重要的商业信息是不可弥补的过失。二十四小时的超高速的“因特网 时问 ”使我们无法静心休息和思考。越来越多的企业行政主管开始把自己有时间睡觉作为 吹牛的资本。对他们来说，地位的最大标志在于有无能力按照自然的生物钟而非网络钟来工 作和休息。 //
当然，从信息时代退回到农耕时代是不可能的。我认为，正确的态度应该是顺应时代的潮流， 做时代的主人，而不要做二十一世纪的奴隶。我们要在这个二十四小时的因特网时间表内， 学会按照自己的生物钟来安排自己的生活，而不要去追赶那永不落的网络太阳。二十四小时 地拼命追赶网络太阳无疑是一种无能的表现，等于两头点蜡烛。 //
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