英语六级复习计划

时间：2024.4.13

★ 英语六级复习计划

六级考试一到，引无数mopper竟折腰。每年这个时候，是不是又有很多大大们为了将要来临的六级而废寝忘餐，不分日夜的在背书背书再背书呢？如果正在看的你是这么勤奋的话，很好，你可以不用看了，继续回去背单词吧，这篇东西是给那些不想背单词或者已经没有时间去背单词的人看的，说了是邪道嘛，当然是要捷径，捷径，再捷径的走咯。好孩子不要学喔！英语这种东西有捷径吗?大家可能会提出这种问题。个人认为，捷径是什么东西都有的，不过走捷径当然要付出代价，要承受或多或少的副作用啦。学英语要走捷径的最大副作用就是……对真正想要提高英语水平帮助很小，小到几乎没有。就是说，完全是拿来考试的，考完大概就没用了……

另外，要使用这种短期提高法还是有要求的，就是你本身英语水平要维持一定的水准，大概要四级水平65分以上吧。要是你60分刚过的四级，对不起了，要是现在离六级还有3个月，先去背两个月单词再来看吧^_^说了那么多废话（大家不要扔鸡蛋喔，扔几个圈圈过来好了……），那我们就正式开始我们的邪道之路吧。

第一步，放弃背单词，全力攻阅读。看到这里，大家可能会说，单词不是英语之本吗，不背怎么去考啊?不错，单词虽然很重要，但是重要归重要，背不起来还是背不起来啊，偶最讨厌的就是背单词啦（试过考试前半年开始背六级单词，到临考前10天发现自己才背到E……ToT）。所以，背不起来的东西干脆就不要背，背了也是浪费时间……单词也就那么30题15分，全部用撞的按几率也有1/4吧，背那么辛苦干嘛啊。阅读就不同了，阅读小小的20题就40分了，轻重之分一目了然。所以，你就给我把阅读给攻下去，只要拿到个35分以上，嘿嘿嘿……当然咯，想要提高阅读水平，就只有做了。当然，做也要做得有水平啊，王常喜模拟题里面的阅读给我全部做完他!!!时间要掌握在30分钟之内，不然时间会很紧。你想想，2小时的考试，30分钟听力，20-30作文，30分钟阅读，剩下的单词跟改错也就剩30分钟了。另外，阅读的时候还有习惯问题。有些人喜欢看完整篇文章再做题目，有些人则相反，喜欢看完问题再读文章，这个倒是没什么所谓，自己喜欢就好。不过先看文章的要注意时间的掌握，而先看问题的则要注意与问题对应的答案的出处。因为有时候出题人喜欢在文章里面出一些相近的冬冬，让你会不小心混淆的，特别是时间紧的时候，自己小心了。阅读目标30-35分

第二步，语感里面出听力听力部分常常困扰到平时少接触英语语言环境的朋友。但是大家要记住，听力里面一般不会出到太深的单词，一般的四级词汇绰绰有余。所以要提高的是捕捉语句的重点。本人的办法就是:有条件的，看多点英文台，不是叫你去看电影，电影语言跟听力出题差太多，基本上没用。要听的是新闻，英文台的新闻发音跟速度一般都适中，可以拿来作为听力练习。特别注意的是不要去看那些脱口秀之类的节目，听坏你的语感的:（要是没有英文台的朋友可以买部收听频率阔点的收音机去听美国之音，效果不错喔…… 听力目标是15分

第三步，有错要改，没错也要改第四部分通常是改错或者完形填空，先说说改错吧。改错就是验收你听力跟阅读时期练习出来的语感的时候了。里面会错的一般都是平时我们常常会出错的地方，例如介词，冠词，连词的用法，名次的单复数，动词的时态问题，反正你平 1

时会出错的地方你都找找啦，说不定会有意外惊喜喔^_^另外，改错里面可能会有一个空是没有错的，所以，实在找不到错误的时候你就空了它吧，那个地方说不定是没有错的啦……说完改错，就说完形填空了。说真的，完形填空里面有一部分的语法题跟一部分的单词题。单词题就没什么可说的了，早就说了不背单词，遇到不认识的单词题还有什么可以想的，跟前面的单词题一样对待，全部给我撞吧……而语法题考的其实跟改错差不多，考完形还有可供选择的选项，比改错容易多咯^_^改错（完形）目标7-8分（我记得满分好像是10分吧，考完太久不记得！）

第四步，作文兮，无作乃有文乎作文部分是十分重要的，很多朋友可能会因为时间问题而不去完成作文部分，这就是大大的不智啊。大学时的英语教授曾跟我说过，"四六级的作文采取的是扣分制。15分的作文，你的文章要是在5分以下的话，会倒扣前面卷子的分数"（她是这么说的啦，我是原文引述，不是的话不要骂我ToT）因此，要是你不去完成作文的话，没的就不止15分，而是以上了。六级的作文一般都是出叙事体或者议论体的作文。叙事体是描写一件事或者一个过程，大家从小学就开始学写了吧，现在只不过把它换成英文而已，难度倒不大。而议论体的文章则要把握一个原则，你支持哪一个观点问题不大，问题在于你一定要给出好的理由去支持他。就算你说地球是方的，太阳只从西边出来，你也要给个好理由出来。这个时候，就是考验我们mopper的bt程度（当然不要太刺激了，不然气死了那些改卷的老爷爷老奶奶就不好了）。另外，写作的时候"不要用babyEnglish".何谓babyEnglish，就是说句子结构太简单，单词太常见等等。举个例子，

IamgladtogooutwIThyoutoday.我很高兴今天跟你出外（游玩）。

这个就是标准的babyEnglish了，说得那么简单，改卷的一看就明白了，想都不用想，有什么好啊……，应该用这种表达形

式:ITmakesmesodelightedthatyoucanstayoutwIThmeinsuchafineday.

原则就是要让改卷的第一眼看不明白……你想想，那么多的卷子，改卷的一天改那么多份，他哪里有心情每份仔细看啊，都是粗略的看一下而已。原则就是可以一眼就弄明白的东西，肯定水平不会太高。而看上去比较有文理，用词技巧较好，大致没什么语法错误的才会高分啊……大家朝这个方向努力吧！

★ 英语六级词汇

abbreviation n.节略，缩写，缩短

abide vt.遵守 vt.忍受

abolish vt.废除，取消

absent a.不在意的

absorption n.吸收；专注

abstract a.理论上的 n.抽象

absurd a.不合理的，荒唐的

abundance n.丰富，充裕

accessory n.同谋 a.附属的

accord n.调和，符合；协议

acknowledge vt.承认；告知收到

acquaint vt.使认识，使了解

action n.作用；情节 adhere vi.粘附；追随；坚持 adjacent a.毗连的；紧接着的 adjoin vt.贴近，毗连；靠近 adjustable a.可调整的，可校准的 administration n.局(或署、处等)

admiration n.钦佩；赞美，羡慕 adoption n.收养；采纳，采取 adore

advantageous

advertise

advocate

aerial

aerospace

affirm

agitation

agreeable

alas

album

alert

algebra

alien

alignment

allied

allowance

alongside

ally

alteration

alternate

amateur

ambassador

ambient

ambiguous

ambitious

ample

amplitude

amusement

analogue

analogy

analytic(al)

anniversary

announce

annually

vt.崇拜；很喜欢 a.有利的，有助的 vt.通知 vi.登广告 n.辩护者 vt.拥护 a.空气的；航空的 n.航空和宇宙航行空间 vt.断言，批准；证实 n.鼓动，煸动；搅动 a.惬意的；同意的 int.唉，哎呀 n.粘贴簿；相册；文选 a.警惕的；活跃的 n.代数学 a.外国的 n.外国人 n.队列；结盟，联合 a.联合的；联姻的 n津贴，补助费 prep.在?旁边 n.盟国，同盟者，伙伴 n.变更，改变；蚀变 vt.使交替 a.交替的 a.业余的n.业余爱好者 n.大使，使节 a.周围的，包围着的 a.模棱两可的；分歧的 a.有雄心的；热望的 a.足够的；宽敞的 n.广大；充足；振幅 n.娱乐，消遣，乐趣 n.类似物；同源语 n.相似，类似；比拟 a.分析的；分解的 n.周年纪念日 vt.报告?的来到 ad.年年，每年 3

anode n.阳极，正极，板极

answer vi.符合，适合 antarctic a.南极的 n.南极区 antenna n.触角；天线 antique a.古代的 n.古物 anybody n.重要人物

apparent a.显然的

appendix n.附录，附属物；阑尾 applaud vt.喝彩；欢呼vi.欢呼 applause

appreciable

appreciation

apt

arc

arch

architect

arctic

array

ascend

ascertain

ascribe

ashore

ass

assassinate

assault

assert

assessment

assumption

assurance

astonishment

astronomy

atom

attachment

attendance

attendant

attorney

audience

author

automate

avail

availability

aviation

awake

awful

n.喝彩；夸奖，称赞 a.可估价的；可察觉的 n.欣赏；鉴别；感激 a.恰当的；聪明的 n.弧，弓形物；弧光 n.拱门 vt.用拱连接 n.建筑师；创造者 a.北极的 n.北极 vt.装扮 n.队列；排列 vi.攀登，登高；追溯 vt.查明，确定，弄清 vt.把?归于 ad.在岸上，上岸 n.驴；傻瓜，蠢笨的人 vt.暗杀，行刺；中伤 vt.袭击；殴打 n.攻击 vt.断言，宣称；维护 n.估定；查定；估计数 n.采取；假定；傲慢 n.保证；财产转让书 n.惊奇，惊讶 n.天文学 n.微粒；微量 n.连接物，附件；爱慕 n.到场；出席人数 n.侍者；护理人员 n.代理人；辩护律师 n.正式会见；拜会 n.创造者，创始人 vt.使自动化 vt.有益于 n.效用 n.有效(性)；可得性 n.飞行 vi.认识到 a.威严的；令人崇敬的 4

awkward a.不雅观的

axial a.轴的；轴向的 axis n.轴，轴线；第二颈椎 axle n.(轮)轴，车轴，心棒 baby n.一家中年龄最小的人 bachelor n.未婚男子；学士 bacon n.咸猪肉，熏猪肉 bacterium n.细菌；拳击迷

badge n.徽章，像章；标志 baffle

bait

balcony

bald

ballet

bamboo

bandage

bandit

bank

banker

bankrupt

banquet

barely

barge

barley

barometer

baron

barren

baseball

basement

basin

battery

battle

bazaar

bead

beam

bearing

bed

beetle

beforehand

bend

bestow

between

beware

bewilder

vt.使挫折 n.迷惑 n.饵；引诱物 n.阳台；楼厅，楼座 a.秃头的；无毛的 n.芭蕾舞；舞剧 n.竹；竹杆，竹棍 n.绷带，包带 n.土匪，盗匪，歹徒 vi.把钱存入银行 n.银行家 a.破产的 vt.使破产 n.宴会，盛会，酒席 ad.仅仅，勉强 n.驳船；大型游船 n.大麦 n.气压计，睛雨表 n.男爵；贵族；巨商 a.贫瘠的；不妊的 n.棒球；棒球运动 n.地下室；地窖；底层 n.内海；盆地，流域 n.炮兵连；兵器群 vi.战斗 vt.与?作战 n.集市，廉价商店 n.有孔小珠；露珠 vi.发光，发热；微笑 n.支承；忍受；方位 n.河床，(湖)底，矿床 n.甲虫；近视眼的人 ad.预先；提前地 vt.使屈从 vi.屈从 vt.把?赠与 ad.当中，中间 vt.&vi.谨防，当心 vt.迷惑，把?弄糊涂 5

bid vt.命令 vi.报价

bishop n.(基督教的)主教 bitterness n.苦味，辛酸，苦难 blacksmith n.铁匠，锻工 blast n.管乐器的声音 blaze vt.使燃烧 vi.燃烧 bleach vt.漂白 vi.变白

blind n.百叶窗；窗帘；遮帘 block n.阻塞；障碍物；炮闩 blond

blouse

blue

blunder

blush

board

body

boiler

bore

bound

bourgeois

box

boycott

brace

brand

breakdown

breakfast

breed

bribe

bridegroom

bridge

bridle

brightness

broaden

bronze

brood

Buddhism

budget

buffalo

bug

bugle

bull

bulletin

bump

bureaucracy

n.白肤金发碧眼的人 n.女衬衫；童衫；罩衫 a.伤心的；下流的 vi.犯大错 n.大错 vi.脸红，害臊 n.脸红 vt.(收费)供?膳食 n.物体；(液)体；实质 n.锅炉；热水贮槽 n.讨厌的人；麻烦事 a.应当的；必定的 a.资产阶级的；平庸的 n.专席 vt.&n.联合抵制 n.支柱 vt.拉紧，撑牢 vt.在?上打烙印 n.崩溃，倒塌；失败 vi.吃早餐 n.(动物)品种 n.贿赂 vt.向?行贿 n.新郎 vt.架桥于，用桥连接 n.笼子；束缚 vt.抑制 n.明亮，辉煌，聪明 vt.&vi.放宽，变阔 n.青铜色 vt.沉思vi.郁闭地沉思 n.佛教，释教 n.预算，预算案 n.水牛；水陆坦克 n.虫子；臭虫 n.军号，喇叭 n.买空的证券投机商告示，公告，公报 vt.撞击 vi.撞 n.肿块 n.官僚主义；官僚机构 6

burglar n.夜盗，窃贼

burial n.安葬，埋葬，埋藏 burner n.灯头，煤气头 bushel n.蒲式耳(容量单位) butt n.大酒桶，桶 buzz vi.(蜂等)嗡嗡叫 bypass n.旁通管 vt.绕过 by-product n.副产品 cable n.海底电报 calculus

calibration

can

cane

cancel

capability

capacitance

capacitor

cape

captive

carry

cartoon

cartridge

catalogue

catalyst

directory

disagreement

disappearance

disastrous

discern

discount

discourse

discrimination

disgrace

disillusion

dismay

dismiss

disorder

dispatch

disperse

displace

displacement

disregard

dissatisfaction

dissipate

dissolve

distinct

distinctly

distinguish

distort

distortion

distract

disturbance

diverge

diversion

vt.减少，减小，递减 vi.吃饭 vt.宴请 n.二氧化物 n.毕业文凭，学位证书 a.外交的；有策略的 n.姓名地址录；董事会 n.不一致；争论 n.消失，消散；失踪 a.灾难性的；悲惨的 vt.看出，辨出；辨别 n.折扣；打折扣卖 n.讲话，演说，讲道 n.辨别；识别力；歧视 n.失宠，耻辱，丢脸 n.觉醒 vt.使觉醒 n.惊慌，沮丧，灰心 vt.忘掉 n.疾病，小病 vt.派遣；调度 n.急件 vt.(使)分散；驱散 vt.移置；取代；置换 n.移置；免职；置换 vt.不管，不顾 n.不管 n.不满，不平 vt.驱散；浪费vi.消散 vt.解除(婚约等) a.独特的 ad.显然，清楚地 v.使显出特色，使杰出 vt.歪曲，曲解，扭曲 n.弄歪，歪曲；畸变 vt.分散(心思)；打扰 n.动乱；干扰；侵犯 vi.分岔；分歧 n.转移；改道；娱乐 13

divert vt.使转向 vi.转移

divine a.神的；敬神的 dizzy a.头晕眼花的，眩晕的 dock vt.把?引入船坞 doctrine n.教义，主义；学说 documentary a.纪录的，文献的 dome n.圆屋顶，拱顶 domestic a.养在家里的 dominant a.统治的 n.主因 dominate

doom

doubtless

dove

drain

drainage

drama

drastic

drawback

dreadful

dry

duke

duplicate

dust

dwarf

dwell

dynamic(al)

dynamo

ear

earnings

earthenware

eastward

echo

eclipse

ecology

economically

economics

edit

editorial

Egyptian

eject

elapse

elbow

electrician

electrode

vt.统治，支配，控制 n.命运，毁灭 vt.注定 ad.无疑地；很可能 n.鸽子，斑鸠 vi.(水等)流掉 n.排水；下水道 n.戏剧性事件；戏剧性 a.激烈的；严厉的 n.退款；妨碍；弊端 a.可怕的；令人敬畏的 a.干巴巴的，枯燥的 n.公爵，君主；手 n.复制品 vt.复制 n.垃圾，废品，灰烬 n.矮子，侏儒 n.居住 vi.凝思，细想 a.机能上的 n.发电机 n.(稻麦等的)穗 n.工资，收入；收益 n.陶器 a.&ad.向东的，向东 vt.反射(声音等) n.(日，月)食 n.生态学；个体生态学 ad.节约地，在经济上 n.经济学；经济 vt.编辑，编纂；校订 n.社论，期刊的社论 a.埃及的 n.埃及人 vt.逐出，排斥；喷射 vi.(时间)过去，消逝 vt.用肘挤，挤进 n.电工，电气技师 n.电极；电焊条 14

electronics n.电子学

elegant a.(举止、服饰)雅致的 elemental a.基本的；自然力的 elevate vt.提高(思想)；抬高 elevation n.高度；标高；隆肿 elliptical a.椭圆的；省略的

eloquence n.雄辩；口才，修辞 embarrass vt.使负债；使复杂化 embassy n.大使馆；大使的职务 embody

embrace

embroidery

emerge

emigrate

emission

empirical

enchant

enclosure

end

endanger

endeavor

endow

endurance

energetic

energize

engage

engagement

enhance

enlighten

enrich

enroll

enterprise

entertainment

entitle

entreat

entry

environmental

episode

epoch

equation

equator

equilibrium

equivalent

erect

vt.体现；包含，收录 vt.包括，包含；包围 n.绣花，刺绣；绣制品 vi.浮现，出现；显露 vi.永久移居国外 n.散发；传播；发出物 a.经验主义的 vt.迷住；用魔法迷惑 n.围绕；围场，围栏 n.目标，目的 vt.危及，危害 vi.&n.努力，尽力 vt.资助；赋予，授予 n.耐久力，持久力 a.积极的；精力旺盛的 vt.给与?能量；电压 vt.使(齿轮等)啮合 n.婚约；约会，债务 vt.提高，增加；夸张 vt.启发，开导；启蒙 vt.使富裕；使丰富 vt.登记，招收vi.参军 n.艰巨的事业；事业心 n.招待，招待会 vt.把?称作 vt.&vi.恳求 n.通道；条目 a.环境的，环境产生的 n.一段情节；插曲 n.(新)时代；历元 n.平衡；平均；反应式 n.赤道，天球赤道 n.平衡，均衡；均衡论 a.等面(体)积的 a.竖起的 15

erosion n.腐蚀，侵蚀；糜烂

errand n.差使，差事 escort n.&vt.护卫，护送 essence n.本质，本体；精华 essential a.特发的；自发的 establish vt.使?被永久地接受 estate n.房地产；财产，产业 eternal n.永久的；不朽的

evaporate vt.使脱水vi.发散蒸气 even

evenly

everlasting

evil

evolution

excel

except

exceptional

excess

excessively

exclamation

exclusive

excursion

excuse

execution

executive

exemplify

exert

exile

expect

expedition

expenditure

expel

experimentally

experimentation

expire

explicit

exploration

exposition

extinct

extinguish

extra

extract

extraction

extraordinarily

a.同一日期的 ad.一致地，平静地 a.永久的；持久的 n.邪恶，罪恶；祸害 n.开方；(天体的)形成 vt.胜过 vi.杰出 vt.把?除外，除去 a.例外的；优越的 n.过度行为，暴行 ad.过分，极端地 n.呼喊，惊叫；感叹 a.除外的；孤傲的 n.离题 vt.与?辩解；使免除 n.实行，执行；处死刑 n.总经理，董事 vt.举例证明(解释) vt.发挥(威力)，施加 vt.流放 n.被流放者 vt.料想，认为 n.探险；探险队 n.(时间等)支出，消费 vt.驱逐，开除；排出 ad.实验上，实验性地 n.实验，试验；实验法 vi.满期，到期；断气 a.明晰的；直率的 n.考察；勘探；探查 n.说明，解释；陈列 a.绝种的；熄灭了的 vt.熄灭，扑灭；消灭 n.附加物；额外的人手 vt.取出；榨取 n.摘录 n.抽出；提取法；摘要 ad.非常地，特别地 16

extravagant a.奢侈的；过度的

extreme n.极端不同的性质 fabricate vt.制作，组合；捏造 fabrication n.制作，构成；捏造 facilitate vt.使容易；助长

faction n.派别，宗派，小集团 fair a.美丽的

fake n.假货，膺品 a.假的 fall vi.变成，成为；陷于 fantastic

fascinate

fastener

faultless

fearless

feel

fell

fellowship

feminine

fence

ferrous

ferry

fertile

fighter

filament

fill

filter

filth

finance

finely

finite

fireplace

firework

firmness

first-rate

fission

fitness

fitting

fixture

flake

flame

flank

flannel

flap

flask

a.空想的；奇异的 vt.迷住 vi.迷人 n.扣件，钮扣，揿钮 a.无过失的；无缺点的 a.无畏的，大胆的 vi.摸起来 vt.砍倒(树等)；砍伐 n.伙伴关系；联谊会 a.女性的；女子气的 n.击剑(术) vi.击剑 a.铁的；亚铁的 n.渡船；渡口 vt.运送 a.(创造力)丰富的 n.斗争者；战斗机 n.细丝；长丝；灯丝 vt.担任(职务)；填补 vi.滤过 n.污秽，污物；淫猥 vt.提供资金 ad.精细地，美好地 a.有限的；有尽的 n.壁炉 n.爆竹，花炮，烟火 n.坚固，坚定，稳固 a.第一流的，优秀的 n.裂开；分裂生殖 n.适当，恰当；健康 a.适当的 n.配合 n.固定；定期存款 n.片，薄片；肌膈 vi.发火焰 vt.点燃 n.肋，肋腹；侧面 n.法兰绒；法兰绒衣服 vt.&n.拍打 vi.拍动 n.瓶；火药筒；砂箱 17

flatten vt.把?弄平；击倒

flatter vt.奉承，阿谀，谄媚 flavour vt.给?调味 flaw n.缺点，瑕疵；裂隙 flee vi.逃走 vt.逃避

flexible a.灵活的，可变通的 flight n.溃退，逃跑；外流 fling vi.&vt.(用力)扔，抛 float n.漂浮物；浮标，木筏 flock

fluctuate

fluctuation

flush

flutter

flux

fly

foam

follower

footpath

fore

foreign

foresee

forge

formal

formerly

formidable

formulate

formulation

forsake

fort

forthcoming

fortress

forum

forward

fossil

foster

foul

fowl

fraction

fracture

fragile

fragrant

frail

vi.群集，聚集 vi.波动 vt.使波动 n.波动；脉动；踌躇 n.兴奋，脸红；发烧 vi.(鸟)振翼；飘动 n.流；涨潮；流量 v.飞跑，逃跑，消失 n.泡沫；泡沫塑料 vt.从事(职业)，经营 n.契据的附面；从动件 n.小路，人行道 ad.在前面 a.先前的 a.无关的 vt.预见，预知，看穿 vt.打(铁等)，锻造 a.形态的；规范的 ad.以前，从前 a.可怕的；难对付的 vt.用公式表示 n.明确的表达 vt.遗弃，抛弃，摒绝 n.要塞，堡垒 a.即将到来的；现有的 n.堡垒，要塞 n.论坛，讨论会 ad.向前，将来vt.转递 n.化石 a.化石的 vt.养育，抚养；培养 a.肮脏的；丑恶的 n.家禽；禽肉 n.分数；分馏的部分 n.破裂；裂痕 vi.破裂 a.脆的；体质弱的 a.香的，芬芳的 a.脆弱的；意志薄弱的 18

framework n.机构，组织，体制

freight n.运费；货运；负担 frequency n.频繁，屡次；频率 frequent a.常见的；频繁的 freshen vt.使显得新鲜 fret vt.&vi.(使)烦恼 friction n.擦热皮肤

fright n.惊吓，恐怖 frightful a.可怕的；讨厌的 fringe

fro

frock

frustrate

furious

further

fury

fuse

fuss

gamble

gangster

gap

garage

garlic

garment

gather

gathering

gear

generalization

generalize

generate

generosity

geographical

geology

geometrical

germ

gesture

gigantic

ginger

gleam

glider

global

glorify

glossary

glue

n.穗，毛边；边缘 ad.往，去，回，向后 n.(女)上衣，罩衫 vt.挫败；使无效 a.狂暴的；强烈的 vt.增进 n.狂怒，暴怒；猛烈 n.保险丝，导火线 n.忙乱；吹捧 vi.忙乱 n.赌博 vt.冒?的险 n.匪徒，歹徒，暴徒 n.山口，山峡；差距 n.汽车修理站；飞机库 n.蒜，大蒜 n.衣服；服装，衣着 vt.推测，推断 n.集会，聚会，聚集 n.齿轮，传动装置 n.一般化；概括，综合 vt.概括出vi.形成概念 vt.发生，产生；生成 n.慷慨，宽宏大量 a.地理的；地区(性)的 n.地质学；(某地)地质 a.几何学的 n.细菌，病原菌；幼芽 vi.(讲话时等)做手势 a.巨大的；巨人似的 n.姜，生姜 n.微光 vi.发微光 n.滑翔机；滑翔导弹 a.球面的；全球的 vt.赞美(上帝)；颂扬 n.词汇表；术语汇编 vt.粘牢 19

gnaw vt.啃，咬断 vi.啮

goddess n.女神；绝世美女 goodness n.善良，善行，美德 gorilla n.大猩猩；暴徒，打手 gorgeous a.绚丽的；极好的

gossip n.闲谈；碎嘴子；漫笔 govern vt.决定，支配；控制 grab vt.&vi.攫取，抓取 gracious a.谦和的

gradient

gramophone

granite

grant

graphite

grasshopper

grassy

grateful

gravel

graze

grease

greed

grief

grim

grin

grind

groove

grope

gross

grove

growl

grumble

grunt

guilt

guitar

gust

gutter

hail

halve

ham

hamper

handbook

handicap

handout

handy

n.斜坡 a.倾斜的 n.留声机 a.花岗岩，花岗石 n.授予物，拨款 n.石墨，石墨电极 n.蚱蜢，蝗虫，蚂蚱 a.草多的；草似的 a.可喜的，令人愉快的 n.砂跞；砂砾层；结石 vi.喂草；放牧(牲畜) n.动物脂，脂肪 n.贪心，贪婪 n.悲哀，悲痛，悲伤 a.冷酷无情的，严厉的 vi.咧着嘴笑 vt.折磨，压榨 n.槽 vt.开槽于 vi.(暗中)摸索，探索 a.(语言、举止)粗俗的 n.林子，小树林，园林 vi.(狗等)嗥叫；咆哮 vi.抱怨，发牢骚 vi.作呼噜声；咕哝 n.有罪，犯罪；内疚 n.吉他，六弦琴 n.阵风，一阵狂风 n.沟，边沟；檐槽 vt.向?欢呼 vi.招呼 vt.对分；平摊 n.火腿；(兽类的)后踝 vt.妨碍，阻碍，牵制 n.手册，便览，指南 vt.妨碍，使不利 n.施舍物，救济品 a.方便的；便于使用的 20

harbour vt.隐匿，窝藏；怀着

hard a.(酒)烈性的 hardy a.强壮的，耐劳的 harmonious a.和谐的，协调的 harp n.竖琴；天琴座 harsh a.粗糙的；严厉的 hatch vt.舱盖，舱口；短门 haughty a.傲慢的，轻蔑的 haul vt.拖曳；拖运 haunt

hazard

head

heading

headlong

headquarters

hearth

heater

hearty

heave

Heaven

heighten

hemisphere

henceforth

herald

herb

herd

hesitate

hide

hike

hindrance

hinge

hip

hiss

historian

historic

hit

hitherto

hoarse

hoe

hoist

hollow

homely

homogeneous

hook

vt.常去 vi.经常出没 vt.使遭危险 n.危险 vt.用头顶(球)vi.出发 n.标题，题词，题名 a.&ad.头向前的(地) n.总局，总店 n.壁炉地面；炉边 n.加热的人，加热器 a.衷心的；丰盛的 vt.(用力地)举起；抛 n.上帝，神 vt.加高，提高；增加 n.半球；半球地图 ad.今后，从今以后 ad.传令官；通报者 n.草本植物；香草 vt.放牧 vi.成群 vi.含糊，支吾；口吃 n.生皮，兽皮，皮革 vi.作长途徒步旅行 n.障碍，妨碍 n.合页，折叶，铰链 n.臀部，髋；屋脊 n.嘶嘶声 vi.嘶嘶作声 n.历史学家；编史家 a.历史的；历史性的 n.轰动一时的人(或事) ad.迄今，到目前为止 a.(声音)嘶哑的 vt.&vi.锄地 vt.升起 vi.扯起来 vt.凿空 vi.变空 a.家庭的；家常的 a.同类的；均匀的 vt.用钩连接，用钩挂21

hop vi.跳舞；(人)单足跳

horizon n.层位 horn n.角状物，角制品 hose n.长筒袜；软管 hospitality n.好客，殷勤；宜人 hostage n.人质，抵押品

hostess n.女主人；旅馆女老板 hostile a.敌对的；不友好的

hound n.狗；角鲨；卑鄙的人 house

hover

howl

hug

hull

hum

humanitarian

humanity

humidity

hurl

hurrah

hurricane

hurt

hush

hydraulic

hydrocarbon

hymn

hypothesis

ice

icy

idealism

ideally

identical

identification

idiot

idleness

ignite

ignorance

illiterate

illuminate

illusion

imitation

immerse

immigrate

immortal

n.议院，会议厅 vi.徘徊；傍徨；翱翔 n.嚎叫；哀号 vi.吠 vt.搂 n.紧紧拥抱 n.外壳，豆荚；薄膜 n.嗡嗡声 vt.哼曲子 a.博爱的 n.慈善家 n.人类；人性，人情 n.湿气；湿度 vt.猛投 vi.猛冲 int.好哇，万岁，乌拉 n.飓风，十二级风 n.损伤，伤害，创伤 n.沉默 int.嘘！ a.水力的；水力学的 n.烃，碳氢化合物 n.赞美诗，圣歌；赞歌 n.假设；前提 vt.使成冰 vi.结冰 a.冰冷的；冷冰冰的 n.唯心主义；理想主义 ad.理想地；理论上 a.同一的；恒等的 n.认出，鉴定；身份证 n.白痴；傻子 n.懒惰；赋闲无事 vt.引燃 vi.着火 n.无知，无学，愚昧 a.文盲的 n.文盲 vt.照明，照亮；阐明 n.幻想；错觉；假象 n.仿制品，伪制物 vt.沉浸；给?施洗礼 vt.(使)移居入境 a.不朽的；永生的 22

impart vt.给予，传递；告诉

impartial a.公正的，无偏见的 implement n.工具，服装 vt.贯彻 implore vt.乞求，恳求，哀求 impose vi.利用；欺骗

impress vt.盖印，在?打记号 improper a.不适当的；不合理的 impulse n.推动，冲力；冲动 impurity n.不纯；杂质；不道德 inaccessible

inaccurate

inadequate

inasmuch

inaugurate

incapable

incense

incidence

incidentally

inclination

incline

inclusive

incompatible

incomplete

incorporate

incredible

indefinite

indicative

indignation

indispensable

individual

indoor

induce

induction

indulge

industrious

inertia

inevitably

infect

infectious

infer

inference

inferior

infinite

infinitely

a.达不到的，难接近的 a.不精密的，不准确的 a.不充足的，不适当的 ad.因为，由于 vt.开始；使就职 a.无能力的；无资格的 n.香，熏香；香气 n.发生，影响；入射 ad.附带地；顺便提及 n.倾斜，点头；斜坡 n.坡度 a.包围住的；包括的 a.不相容的 a.不完全的，未完成的 vt.结合，合并，收编 a.难以置信的，惊人的 a.无限期的 a.指示的；陈述的 n.愤怒，愤慨，义愤 a.必不可少的，必需的 a.特殊的 a.室内的；室内进行的 vt.劝诱；引起；感应 n.就职；归纳推理 vt.放纵(感情)vi.纵情 a.勤劳的，勤奋的 n.惯性，惯量；无力 ad.不可避免地 vt.使受影响 a.传染的；感染性的 vt.&vi.猜想，臆测 n.推论；推断的结果 n.下级；晚辈，次品 n.无限；无穷(大) ad.无限地，无边地 23

infinity n.大量，大宗；无穷大

inflation n.通货膨胀，物价飞涨 influence n.势力，权势 ingenious a.机灵的；精巧制成的 ingenuity n.机灵；设计新颖 ingredient n.配料，成分

inherent a.固有的，生来的 initial a.词首的

initially ad.最初，开始 initiate

initiative

inject

inland

inlet

innovation

innumerable

inorganic

input

insert

insight

insignificant

insistent

inspector

inspiration

instability

installment

instantaneous

instructor

instrumental

insulate

insulator

intake

integral

integrate

integrity

intellect

intent

interact

interconnect

intercourse

interface

interior

intermediate

interpret

vt.开始，创始；启蒙 a.创始的 n.第一步 vt.注射；注满；喷射 a.国内的；内地的 n.进口，水湾 vt.引进 n.创新，改革，新设施 a.无数的，数不清的 a.无生物的；无机的 vt.输入 n.输入 vi.(肌肉)附着 n.洞察力，洞悉，见识 a.无意义的；低微的 a.坚持的；逼人注意的 n.检查员；巡官 n.灵感；妙想；鼓舞 n.不稳定性；不坚决 n.分期付款 a.瞬间的，即刻的 n.指导者，教员 a.仪器的；有帮助的 vt.使绝缘，使绝热 n.隔离者；绝缘体 n.吸入；输入能量 a.组成的；整的 vt.使结合，使并入 n.诚实，正直 n.理智，智力，才智 a.目不转睛的，热切的 vi.相互作用 vt.使互相联系 n.交际，往来，交流 n.分界面 n.内部 a.内部的 n.中间体；调解人 vt.解释 vi.口译 24

intervene vi.干涉，干预；播进

interview vt.接见，会见，会谈 intonation n.语调，声调；发声 introduce vt.提出(议案等) invalid n.病人 a.有病的 invariably ad.不变地，永恒地 inversely ad.相反地

invoice n.#5@p，发货清单 ion n.离子

irregularity

irrespective

irrigation

irritate

Islam

ivory

jack

jam

jealousy

jean

jelly

jerk

Jesus

jewellery

jingle

jog

jug

junction

jungle

junior

Jupiter

kernel

kidnap

kidney

kilowatt

kindle

kinetic

kit

knight

lace

landscape

largely

late

latent

lathe

n.不规则；不整齐 a.不考虑的，不顾的 n.灌溉；冲洗法 vt.激怒；引起不愉快 n.伊斯兰教，回教 n.象牙；牙质；乳白色 n.起重器；传动装置 n.堵塞 vt.使?堵塞 n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 n.斜纹布，牛仔裤 n.冻，果子冻；胶状物 vt.猛地一拉 vi.急拉 n.耶稣 n.珠宝，珠宝饰物 vt.&vi.(使)丁当响 vt.使(马等)缓步行进 n.带柄水罐，大壶 n.连接；接头；中继线 n.丛林，密林，莽丛 n.年少者；晚辈 n.丘庇特；木星 n.(果实的)核；谷粒 vt.诱拐，绑架 n.肾，腰子；性格 n.千瓦(特) vt.点燃 vi.着火 a.动力(学)的；活动的 n.成套工具；用具包 n.骑士，武士；爵士 vi.系带，用带子束紧 n.风景，景色，景致 ad.大规模地 a.去世不久的 a.存在但看不见的 n.车床 vt.用车床加工 25

latitude n.纬度；黄纬

lattice n.格子；点阵，网络 laundry n.送洗衣店去洗的东西 leaflet n.传单，活页；广告 leakage n.漏，泄漏；漏出物 lease n.租约，契约，租契 legislation n.立法；法规 length n.程度，范围

lengthen vt.使延长 vi.变长 leopard

lessen

lever

liability

liable

lighter

likelihood

likeness

lily

limb

limestone

limp

line

linear

liner

linger

lining

lipstick

literal

literally

literary

litter

lobby

locality

location

locomotive

locust

lodging

lofty

log

longing

longitude

loosely

loosen

lounge

n.豹 vt.减少 vi.变少 n.途径，工具，手段 n.责任；倾向；债务 a.有(法律)责任的 n.打火机，引燃器 n.可能(性) n.同样；类似，相似 n.百合，百合花，睡莲 n.分支，突出物 n.石灰石 vi.蹒跚，跛行 n.跛行 vt.加衬里于 a.线的；长度的 n.班船，定期班机 vi.逗留，徘徊；拖延 n.(衣服里的)衬里 n.唇膏，口红 a.文字(上)的；字面的 ad.照字义，逐字地 a.精通文学的 n.废物，杂乱 vi.乱扔 n.前厅，(剧院的)门廊 n.位置，地点，发生地 n.定位，测位；测量 a.运动的；机动 n.蝗虫；洋槐，刺槐 n.寄宿，住宿；住所 a.高耸的；高尚的 n.航海日志；飞行日志 n.渴望 a.显示渴望的 n.经线，经度 ad.松松地，松散地 vi.变松 n.(旅馆等的)休息室 26

lubricate vt.使润滑vi.加润滑油

luminous a.发光的；光明的 lump vt.(使)成团 vi.结块 lunar a.月亮的 luncheon n.午宴，午餐，便宴 luxurious a.爱好奢侈的，豪华的 magician n.魔法师；变戏法的人 magistrate n.地方行政长官

magnet n.有吸引力的人(或物) magnetism

magnify

magnitude

maid

maiden

main

maintenance

majesty

makeup

malice

mammal

manifest

manipulate

mansion

manuscript

maple

margin

marginal

market

Mars

marsh

marshal

martyr

marvel

masculine

massacre

massive

mast

mature

measurement

mechanics

mechanism

meditate

melancholy

melody

n.磁；魅力；催眠术 vt.放大，扩大 n.大小；重大；星等 n.少女；处女 n.少女，未婚女子 n.总管道，干线 n.扶养；坚持 n.威严，尊严；陛下 n.组织；性格；化装品 n.恶意；蓄意犯罪 n.哺乳动物 vt.表明 a.明白的 vt.操作；控制，手持 n.大厦，大楼；宅第 n.手稿，底稿，原稿 n.槭树，枫树 n.余地；幅度；赚头 a.记在页边的；边缘的 vt.(在市场上)销售 n.火星；战争 n.沼泽地，湿地 n.元帅；陆军元帅 n.烈士，殉难者 n.奇迹；惊奇 vt.惊奇 a.男性的；强壮的 n.大屠杀，残杀 a.粗大的；大而重的 n.桅杆；杆 vt.扯帆 vt.使成熟 vi.成熟 n.(量得的)尺寸，大小 n.力学，机械学；结构 n.机械装置；机制 vt.沉思，冥想，反省 n.&a.忧郁(的)，悲伤 n.旋律，曲调；歌曲 27

membership n.成员资格；会员人数

menace vt.&vi.&n.(进行)威胁 mend vt.改正，修正；改进 merchandise n.商品，货物 merciful a.仁慈的，宽大的 mercury n.汞，水银；水银柱 merit vt.值得vi.应受赏(罚) mesh n.网眼，筛孔，网络 mess vt.弄脏，弄乱，搞糟 message

metallic

metallurgy

metropolitan

microprocessor

microscopic

microwave

mighty

migrate

mild

milky

millionaire

mingle

miniature

minimize

mint

mirror

mishief

miser

misery

misfortune

missionary

mist

mistress

mitten

mixer

mob

mobilize

mock

moderately

modesty

modification

modulate

module

n.启示，要旨，教训 a.金属的 n.金属粒子 n.冶金学，冶金术 a.主要都市的n.大主教 n.微信息处理机 a.显微镜的，微观的 n.微波 a.强大的；巨大的 vi.迁移，移居 a.(烟、酒)味淡的 a.牛奶的；乳白色的 n.百分富翁，巨富 vt.使混合vi.混合起来 n.缩影 a.缩小的 vt.使减到最小 n.薄荷；薄荷糖 n.造币厂；巨额，富源 n.反映，借鉴 n.调皮，捣蛋，胡闹 n.守财奴，吝啬鬼 n.痛苦，悲惨，不幸 n.不幸，灾祸，灾难 n.传教士 n.薄雾 vi.下薄雾 n.情妇，情人 n.连指手套；露指手套 n.混合者，搅拌器 vi.聚众闹事 vt.动员 vi.动员起来 n.嘲弄 vt.嘲弄，挖苦 ad.适度地，适中 n.谦逊；端庄；羞怯 n.缓和；修改；修饰 vt.调整，调节(声音) n.模数；模；组件 28

molecular a.分子的；克分子的

momentary a.瞬息间的，片刻的 monarch n.君主，最高统治者 monk n.和尚，僧侣，修道士 monopoly n.垄断，独占，专利 monster n.怪物；畸形的动植物 monstrous a.可怕的；极大的 moor vt.使停泊；使固定 mop n.墩布，洗碗刷 morality

mortgage

Moslem

mosque

moss

motel

motive

motorway

mount

mountainous

move

multiplication

multitude

municipal

murmur

muscular

muse

mustard

mute

mystery

napkin

narration

negative

negligible

negotiate

neighbouring

nest

net

network

neutron

nice

nickel

nickname

nightmare

nominate

n.道德，美德，品行 n.抵押 vt.抵押 n.&a.穆斯林(的) n.清真寺 n.苔藓，地衣 n.汽车游客旅馆 a.发动的，运动的 n.汽车道，快车路 v.装配；固定 n.支架 a.多山的；山一般的 n.行动，步骤 n.增加；繁殖；乘法 n.大批，大群；大量 a.市的，市立的 n.低沉连续的声音 a.肌肉发达的，强健的 vi.沉思，默想，冥想 n.芥子，芥末 n.弱音器；闭止音 n.神秘小说，侦探小说 n.餐巾(纸) n.叙述；故事；叙述法 a.负的，阴性的 a.微不足道的 vi.谈判，交涉，议定 a.邻近的，接壤的 vi.筑巢 vt.为?筑巢 vt.用网捕；用网覆盖 n.网络；广播网 n.中子 a.细微的，微妙的 n.镍；镍币 n.绰号，浑号 n.恶梦；经常的恐惧 vt.提名，推荐；任命 29

norm n.标准，规范；平均数

normalization n.正常化，标准化 northward(s) ad.向北方 a.向北的 nose n.突出部分(如船头等) notable n.值得注意的；著名的 noted a.著名的，知名的 notify vt.通知，告知；报告 notion n.概念，意念；看法 notorious a.臭名昭著的

notwithstanding

nought

nourish

nourishment

novel

novelty

nucleus

number

numerical

nun

nursery

nut

oar

oath

obedience

obedient

objective

obligation

oblige

obscure

observation

observe

obstinate

occurrence

offence

offensive

offer

offset

offspring

ohm

olive

onward(s)

opaque

operation

opium

prep.尽管，虽然 n.无，零 vt.提供养分，养育 n.食物；营养(情况) a.新的，异常的 n.新颖；新奇的事物 n.原子核；细胞核 vt.共计，达?之数 a.数字的，数值的 n.修女，尼姑 n.苗圃，养鱼池 n.螺帽，螺母 n.桨；划手 vi.划(行) n.誓言，誓约，宣誓 n.服从，顺从；管辖 n.服从的，顺从的 n.宾格 a.目标的 n.义务，职责，责任 vt.使感激；施恩惠于 a.阴暗的；蒙昧的 n.意见，短评，按语 vi.说，评述，评论 a.固执的；顽强的 n.事故 n.犯罪，犯规；冒犯 a.冒犯的；进攻的 vt.呈现出 vi.出现 n.分支，抵销 vt.抵销 n.儿女，子孙，后代 n.欧姆 n.橄榄，橄榄树 a.向前(的)，在前面 a.不透明的；不传导的 n.运算 n.鸦片；麻醉剂 30

optical a.光的；光学的

optimism n.乐观，乐观主义 optimum n.最适条件，最适度 option n.选择，取舍 orchard n.果园

orchestra n.管弦乐队的全部乐器 ordinarily ad.通常，大概

orient n.东方；亚洲，远东 orientation n.向东；定位；方向 originate

ornament

ornamental

otherwise

ought

outbreak

outcome

outermost

outlaw

outlet

outline

outside

oval

over

overall

overestimate

overflow

overhang

overhear

overlap

overload

overlook

overseas

overtake

overthrow

overwhelm

overwhelming

oxide

oxidize

oyster

pace

pacific

pal

pamphlet

panel

vi.发源 vt.首创 n.装饰物 vt.装修 a.装饰的 n.装饰品 ad.另外；在其他方面 v.aux 早应该，本应 n.(战争、愤怒等)爆发 n.后果，成果 a.最外面的，最远的 n.逃犯，歹徒 n.发泄(感情等)的方法 vt.概述，概括 prep.在?外，向?外 a.卵形的 n.卵形 prep.在(做)?时 a.综合的 n.工作服 vt.过高估计 vt.从?中溢出 vt.悬于?之上vi.悬垂 vt.偶然听到；偷听 vt.与?交搭 vi.重迭 vt.使超载 vt.眺望；看漏；宽容 ad.在海外，(向)国外 vt.突然袭击，压倒 vt.推翻 n.推翻，瓦解 vt.压倒，使不知所措 a.压倒的，势不可挡的 n.氧化物 vt.氧化，使生锈 n.牡蛎；沉默寡言的人 vi.(马)溜蹄走 a.性情温和的 n.好朋友；同谋 n.小册子 n.(选定的)专门小组 31

panic n.恐慌，惊慌

pant vi.气喘 panther n.豹，黑豹；美洲狮 pantry n.食品柜，餐具室 pants n.裤子；男用短衬裤 paper vt.用纸包装(或覆盖) parachute n.降落伞；风散种子 parade vt.夸耀(才能等) paragraph n.小新闻，短评 paralyse

parameter

participant

participate

particular

partition

passport

pasture

patent

pathetic

patriot

patriotic

patrol

patron

pattern

peacock

peak

peck

peculiarity

pedal

pedestrian

pedlar

peel

peer

penalty

penetration

pendulum

perception

perch

perfect

perfection

peril

perimeter

periodic

periodical

vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪 n.参(变)数；参量 n.参加者 a.有份的 vi.参与 vt.分享 a.苛求的；特称的 n.分开，分割；融墙 n.达到目的的手段 n.牧场；牲畜饲养 a.专利的 n.专利 a.哀婉动人的；可怜的 n.爱国者，爱国主义者 a.爱国的 n.巡逻 n.巡逻，巡查 n.庇护人；赞助人 vt.仿制，仿造，模仿 n.孔雀 n.(物体的)尖端 vt.&vi.啄，啄起 n.特性，独特性；怪癖 n.踏脚，踏板，脚蹬 n.行人，步行者 n.(挨户兜售的)小贩 n.果皮，蔬菜皮 vi.凝视；隐约出现 n.处罚，刑罚；罚款 n.穿入；渗透，侵入 n.(钟等的)摆 n.感觉；概念；理解力 n.(禽鸟的)栖木 vt.使熟练，使改善 n.尽善尽美；无比精确 n.危机；危险的事物 n.周(边)，周长 n.周期的；一定时期的n.期刊，杂志 32

peripheral a.周界的；末梢的

perish vi.死亡，夭折；枯萎 perpendicular a.垂直的 n.垂直(线) perpetual a.永久的；四季开花的 perplex vt.迷惑，困惑，难住 persecute vt.迫害，残害

persevere vi.坚持，不屈不挠 persist vi.持续，存留

persistence n.坚持；持续，存留 personality

personnel

persuasion

pertinent

pest

petition

petty

photoelectric

photography

physically

pickle

pier

pierce

pilgrim

pineapple

pious

pipe

pirate

piston

pitch

plague

plain

plastic

plateau

platform

plea

plead

pledge

pluck

plump

plunder

pneumatic

poke

polar

polarity

n.人格，个性；人物 n.人事部门 n.劝说，说服；主张 a.恰当的；有关的 n.害虫；害人虫 n.请愿 vt.向?请愿 a.细小的；器量小的 a.光电的 n.摄影术 ad.物质上；体格上 n.腌制食品，泡菜 n.(桥)墩；码头 vt.穿透，戳穿，洞察 n.香客，朝圣者 n.凤梨，波萝 a.虔诚的；虔奉宗教的 n.管乐器 n.海盗；每盗船 n.活塞 n.人造树脂 n.瘟疫，鼠疫；天灾 a.坦白的；普通的 a.塑料的；塑性的 n.高原；平稳时期 n.政纲，党纲，宣言 n.请愿，请求，恳求 vt.为?辩护 vi.抗辩 n.誓言 vt.使发誓 vt.鼓起(勇气)，振作 vt.丰满的；鼓起的 v.&n.掠夺，劫掠 a.空气的；气动的 vt.戳，刺；伸(头等) a.南(北)极的；极性的 n.极性；(思想等)归向 33

politics n.政纲，政见，策略

poll n.投票 vi.投票 polymer n.聚合物，多聚物 ponder vt.考虑 vi.沉思 pop vi.(意外地)出现

pope n.(罗马天主教的)教皇 popularity n.通俗性；普及，流行 porcelain n.瓷 a.瓷的，瓷制的 pore n.毛孔，气孔，细孔 portable

pose

position

positive

positively

possibility

postal

postulate

poultry

practicable

prairie

preach

precede

predecessor

prediction

predominant

pregnant

prejudice

prescription

presentation

preservation

preset

preside

press

pressure

prestige

presumably

presume

prevalent

prevention

prey

prick

primitive

principally

printer

a.可移动的 vt.(使)摆好姿势 n.主张，立场；形势 a.正的；阳性的 ad.确定的，断然 n.可能的事 a.邮政的，邮局的 vt.要求，假定，假设 n.家禽 a.能实行的；适用的 n.大草原，牧场 vt.说教，布道；鼓吹 vt.先于? vi.领先 n.前辈，前任者 n.预言，预告；预报 a.占优势的；主要的 a.怀孕的；意义深长的 n.偏见，成见；损害 n.药方，处方的药 n.介绍；赠送；呈现 n.保存，储藏；保持 vt.预先装置 vi.主持；主奏 n.印刷机，印刷所 n.电压；大气压力 n.威望，威信，声望 ad.推测起来，大概 vt.假定，假设，揣测 a.流行的；盛行的 n.预防，阻止，妨碍 vi.猎物 vi.捕获 vt.刺(穿) n.刺孔 a.远古的，未开化的 ad.主要，大抵 n.印刷工；印花工 34

priority n.先，前；优先，重点

prism n.棱柱(体)；棱镜 probe n.探针 vt.用探针探查 proceeding n.程序，行动，事项 producer n.生产者；舞台监督 productive a.生产的；出产?的 productivity n.生产率；多产 proficiency n.熟练，精通

proficient a.熟练的，精通的 profitable

profound

program

prohibition

projector

prolong

promotion

promptly

propaganda

propagate

propagation

propel

propeller

proper

prophecy

prophet

proposition

propulsion

prose

proton

prototype

proverb

province

provision

provoke

prudent

psychology

puff

pulley

pumpkin

punch

puppy

purify

pyjamas

qualification

a.有利的；有益的 a.深刻的；渊博的 vi.编制程序 n.禁止；禁令，禁律 n.投影仪；探照灯 vt.延长，拉长，拖延 n.促进；提升；创立 ad.敏捷地，迅速地 n.宣传；宣传机构 vt.繁殖；传播，普及 n.繁殖；传播；蔓延 vt.推进，推动 n.螺旋桨，推进器 a.合乎体统的，正派的 n.预言，预言能力 n.预言家，先知 n.命题，主题；提议 n.推进，推进力 n.散文 n.质子，氕核 n.原型；典型，范例 n.谚语，格言，箴言 n.领域，范围，职权 n.规定，条款，条项 vt.对?挑衅；激发 a.谨慎的；精明的 n.心理学；心理 vi.喘气 vt.喷(烟等) n.滑轮，滑车，皮带轮 n.南瓜，南瓜藤 vt.冲压 n.冲压机 n.小狗；幼小的动物 vt.提纯，精炼(金属) n.(宽大的)睡衣裤 n.资格；限制条件 35

qualify vt.限制，限定，修饰

qualitative a.质的；定性的 quantify vt.确定?的数量 quantitative a.量的；定量的 quarterly a.季度的 ad.季度地 quartz n.石英

quench vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 quest vt.寻找 vi.追求 question vt.问，询问，讯问 questionable

questionnaire

quiver

radial

radiant

radiator

radical

radius

raise

raisin

rally

ramble

ranch

random

range

rap

rapidity

rapture

rascal

rash

rate

rational

rattle

reactor

realistic

realization

rear

reason

rebuke

receiver

recipe

reciprocal

reckless

reckon

reclaim

a.可疑的，不可靠的 n.调查表，征求意见表 vi.(轻微地)颤动 a.光线的；放射的 a.绚丽的；容光焕发的 n.暖气片，散热器 a.基本的；激进的 n.半径距离；界限 vt.提出，发起，发出 n.葡萄干 n.&vt.&vi.(重新)集合 vi.闲逛，漫步；聊天 n.(北美洲的)大牧场 n.随机 a.随机的 vt.排列；把?分类 n.轻敲击声 vt.敲击 n.快，迅速；陡，险峻 n.狂喜，欢天喜地 n.流氓，恶棍，无赖 a.轻率的；鲁莽的 n.价格 vt.对?评定 a.推理的；适度的 vt.发出格格声 n.反应器；反应堆 a.现实的；现实主义的 n.(理想等的)实现 vt.饲养，培植；抚养 vt.辩论，讨论 vt.指责，非难，斥责 n.接待者；收受者 n.菜谱，烹饪法；处方 a.相互的；互利的 a.粗心大意的；鲁莽的 vi.数，算帐 vt.认为 vt.开垦，开拓；回收 36

recognition n.认出，识别；重视

recommendation n.推荐，介绍；建议 reconcile vt.使和好；调停 recreation n.消遣，娱乐活动 rectangle n.矩形，长方形

rectify vt.纠正；调整；精馏 reed n.芦笛，牧笛

reef n.礁，礁石，暗礁 reel vt.卷，绕

referee

reference

refinery

refrain

refreshment

refugee

regenerative

regime

regiment

regularity

regulate

regulation

reign

reject

relay

religion

remainder

repay

repeal

repel

replace

replacement

report

representation

representative

reproduce

reproduction

reptile

requisite

resemblance

resent

reservation

reserve

reside

resident

n.(足球等)裁判员 n.参考文献；参照系 n.精炼厂，提炼厂 vi.抑制，制止，忍住 n.(精力的)恢复，爽快 n.难民，流亡者 a.新生的；回授的 n.政体，政权；制度 n.团，军团；一大群 n.规则性；整齐 vt.调整，调节，对准 n.规章，规则；调节 n.朝代 vt.舍弃，抛弃；排斥 vt.分程传递；使接替 n.信念，信条 n.剩余(物)；余数 vt.&vi.偿还，报答 vt.撤销；放弃 n.撤销 vt.拒绝；使厌恶 vt.送还，归还，赔还 n.归还；取代；置换 n.传说，议论 n.描写；陈述；代表 a.代表性的；代议制的 vt.仿造 n.再生(产)；繁殖 n.爬行动物；两栖动物 a.需要的 n.必需品 n.相似，相似性 vt.对?不满，怨恨 n.保留；预定，预订 n.缄默，自我克制 vi.居住，驻扎；属于 n.常住者 37

residual a.剩余的；残数的

resign vt.使顺从，使听任于 resignation n.听从，屈从，顺从 resolute a.坚决的，果敢的 respectable a.可敬的；人格高尚的 response n.回音，回签；灵敏度 responsible a.重要的；可靠的 restrain vt.抑制，制止，遏制 resultant a.作为结果而发生的 resume

retail

retard

retirement

retort

reveal

revenue

reverse

revive

revolve

ridicule

rigorous

rim

rinse

riot

rip

ripple

roam

roller

Roman

romance

romantic

rooster

rotate

roundabout

routine

row

royalty

ruby

rule

ruthless

safeguard

salmon

salute

sandwich

n.(谋职者的)个人简历 n.零售 a.零售的 vt.延迟，放慢 n.退休，引退；退隐 vt.&vi.反击；反驳 vt.告诉，揭示，泄露 n.收入；收入数目 n.背面，反面 vt.&vi.苏醒；复兴 vt.&vi.(使)旋转 vi.&n.嘲弄，挖苦 a.(性格等)严峻的 n.边；边缘，(眼镜)框 vt.涮，嗽；冲洗 n.&vi.骚乱，暴乱 vi.撕啐，扯破，划破 n.涟漪，细浪，波纹 vt.在?漫步，漫游 n.滚柱，滚筒，辊 n.罗马人，古罗马人 n.传奇；浪漫文学 a.好幻想的 n.公鸡；狂妄自负的人 vt.&vi.(使)旋转 a.迂回的；转弯抹角的 a.日常的 n.常规 n.吵嚷，吵架，口角 n.皇家，王族，皇族 n.红宝石 n.裁决，裁定 a.无情的，冷酷的 n.保护措施；护照 n.鲑，大马哈鱼 vt.迎接，欢迎 vt.夹入，挤进 38

sardine n.沙丁鱼

satellite n.附属物

satisfaction n.快事，乐事；愉快 satisfactorily ad.圆满地

saturation n.饱和(状态)；浸透 Saturn n.农神；土星 scan n.扫描，扫掠

scandal n.丑事，丑闻；耻辱 scar n.瘢痕

scarcity

scarlet

scheme

scholarship

scoff

scope

scorch

scout

scramble

scrap

scratch

scripture

scrub

sculpture

seam

seaport

seaside

second

second-hand

section

seemingly

segment

selection

senator

sensation

senseless

sensible

sensitivity

sensor

sentiment

sequence

sermon

serpent

set

settlement

n.缺乏，不足，萧条 n.猩红色 a.猩红的 vt.计划 vi.搞阴谋 n.学问，学识；奖学金 vt.&vi.嘲笑，嘲弄 n.眼界 vi.烧焦，枯萎；挖苦 vt.搜索，侦察，跟踪 vi.&n.爬行，攀登 n.碎片；废料 vt.废弃 n.起跑线，起步线 n.《圣经》；圣书 n.&vt.擦洗，擦净 n.雕刻(术)；雕刻品 n.缝口；接缝；骨缝 n.海港，港口，港市 n.海滨(胜地)；海边 vt.支持 n.旧的，第二手的 n.切下的部分 ad.表面上，外表上 n.切片，部分；段，节 n.精选的东西；选择 n.参议员；评议员 n.感觉，知觉；轰动 a.愚蠢的，无意义的 a.明显的，感觉得到的 n.敏感(性)；灵敏性 n.传感器，灵敏元件 n.感情；情操；情绪 n.序列 n.布道，讲道，说教 n.蛇(尤指大蛇或毒蛇) n.集(合) n.调停；(新)住宅区 39

severe a.激烈的；简朴的 shabby a.褴褛的；破旧的 shade n.(色彩的)浓淡，深浅 shadowy a.有影的；幽暗的 shady a.可疑的，靠不住的 shaft n.(工具的)柄，杆状物 sham n.假冒；膺品 vt.假装 shame vt.使羞愧，玷辱 shameful a.可耻的；不道德的 shark

sharply

shatter

sheer

shell

sheriff

shipbuilding

shipment

shipwreck

shortage

shortcut

shorten

shorthand

should

shoulder

shove

shovel

shower

shrill

shrimp

shrine

shrub

shrug

shutter

shuttle

sideways

siege

sift

sight

sign

significant

signify

silicon

similarity

simple

n.鲨鱼；贪婪狡猾的人 ad.严厉地，苛刻地 vt.粉碎，破碎；毁坏 a.纯粹的；全然的 n.炮弹，猎枪子弹 n.郡长；警察局长 n.造船(业)，造船学 n.装货；装载的货物 n.船舶失事 n.短缺，不足额 n.近路，捷径 vt.弄短，缩小，减少 n.速记，速记法 v.aux.应该，竟然会 vt.承担，挑起，肩负 vt.推 vi.(使劲)推 n.铲，铁铲 vt.铲 vi.下阵雨 vt.使湿透 a.尖声的 vt.尖声地叫 n.(小)虾，河虾，褐虾 n.神殿，神龛，圣祠 n.灌木，灌木丛 vt.&vi.耸(肩) n.耸肩 n.百叶窗；(相机)快门 n.(织机的)梭 ad.斜向一边地 n.包围，围攻，围困 vt.筛，过滤 vi.通过 n.情景，名胜，风景 n.征兆，迹象，病症 a.有效的 vt.表示，意味着 n.硅(旧名矽) n.类似，相似；类似点 a.单纯的；迟钝的 40

simplicity n.单纯，质朴

simultaneous a.同时的，同时存在的 sincerity n.真诚，诚意；真实 singular a.异常的，奇异的 sink n.(厨房内的)洗涤槽 siren n.汽笛，警报器 sitting-room n.起居室

situated a.位于?的

situation n.(建筑物等的)位置 skeleton

skip

skyscraper

slack

slander

slang

slap

slaughter

slave

slide

slim

slit

slumber

smart

smash

smuggle

snack

snail

snap

sneer

sneeze

sniff

snob

snobbish

snore

sociology

sodium

sofa

soften

softness

software

solar

solidarity

solidify

solo

n.骨骼，骷髅；骨架 vi.跳；跳绳；略过 n.摩天楼 a.萧条的；懈怠的 n.&vt.诽谤，诋毁 n.俚语；行话，黑话 vt.掴，拍 n.巴掌，拍 vt.&n.屠杀，屠宰 vi.作苦工 vt.奴役 n.滑板，滑座 a.细长的；微小的 vt.切开 n.狭长的切口 n.睡眠；沉睡状态 vi.刺疼，扎疼，剧痛 vt.打碎，打破，粉碎 vt.私运 vi.走私 n.快餐，小吃 n.蜗牛；行动缓慢的人 vt.猛咬，突然折断 vi.&n.冷笑；嘲笑 vi.打喷嚏 vi.用鼻子吸 vt.嗅 n.势利小人 a.势利的，谄上欺下的 vi.打鼾，打呼噜 n.社会学 n.钠 n.长沙发，沙发 vt.使软化 vi.变软弱 n.温和，柔和；软弱 n.(计算机的)软件 a.利用太阳光的 n.团结；休戚相关 vt.&vi.团结；凝固 n.独唱，独奏；独唱曲41

sophisticated a.老于世故的；高级的 sorrowful a.使人伤心的；悲伤的 southwards ad.向南方

sovereign n.君主 a.统治的 souvenir n.纪念品，黄豆

soy n.酱油；大豆，黄豆 spacious a.广阔的，广大的 span n.(桥墩间的)墩距 spatial a.空间的，占据空间的 specialize

species

specification

specimen

spectacle

spectator

spectrum

speculate

spherical

spice

spill

spiral

spite

splash

split

spokesman

squash

squat

squeeze

stability

stagger

stainless

stairway

stalk

stall

stammer

standardize

start

stationery

statistics

steady

steak

steal

stem

stereo

vt.使专门化，专业化 n.种，物种；种类 n.载明，详述；规格 n.抽样，样品 n.场面；景象，奇观 n.参观者，观众 n.系列，范围；波谱 vi.思索，沉思；投机 a.球形的，球面的 n.香料，调味品；香气 n.(人)摔下，跌下 a.螺旋(形)的，盘旋的 n.恶意，怨恨 vt.溅泼 vi.泼水 n.溅 n.分裂，分化；派系 n.发言人，代言人 vt.压碎 n.鲜果汁 vi.&vt.(使)蹲下 n.压榨；榨取，佣金 n.坚定 vi.蹒跚 vt.使摇晃 a.纯洁的；不锈的 n.楼梯 n.主茎，叶柄；高烟囱 n.货摊，书摊；厩 vt.口吃地说 n.口吃 vt.使与标准比较 vt.开动，着手；开设 n.文具；信笺 n.统计，统计数字 a.坚定的，扎实的 n.大块牛肉；牛排 vt.偷偷地做，巧取 n.词干；(手表的)转柄 n.立体声 a.立体声的 42

stern n.艉，船尾；臀部 stew vt.炖 vi.炖着 n.炖肉 stiff a.生硬的

stiffness n.硬度

stillness n.寂静，无声

sting n.剧痛；刺激 vt.刺 stitch n.一针，缝线 vt.缝 stone n.果核，(水果的)硬核 storage n.贮藏，保管；仓库 storm

stout

straighten

straightforward

strait

strange

stray

streamline

strength

stride

strife

striking

strip

strive

stroll

stubborn

studio

stuffy

sturdy

subdivide

subdue

subject

subordinate

subscript

subscription

subsequent

subsequently

subsidiary

substance

substantial

subtle

succession

successor

suffice

n.爆发 vt.&vi.猛攻 a.矮胖的；坚固的 vt.把?弄直vi.挺起来 a.老实的 ad.坦率地 n.海峡 a.外地的，异乡的 vi.迷路 a.迷路的 n.流线；流线型 n.兵力；强度 vi.大踏步走 n.大步 n.冲突，竞争 a.显著的，惊人的 n.窄条，长带 vi.努力，奋斗，力求 n.散步，溜达，闲逛 a.顽固的；顽强的 n.工作室；播音室 a.不透气的，闷热的 a.坚定的；牢固的 vt.把?再分 vt.使屈服，征服 vt.使隶属 a.下级的，辅助的 vi.订购，认购；预订 a.写在下方的 n.下标 n.预约，用户，订阅费 a.尔后的 ad.其后，其次，接着 a.辅助的，补充的 n.财产；内容，本旨 a.物质的；坚固的 a.微妙的；精巧的 n.继承(权)，后裔 n.继承人，继任者 vi.足够；有能力 43

suicide n.&vi.&vt.自杀

suit vt.使配合vi.彼此协调 suitcase n.小提箱，衣箱 sullen a.绷着脸不高兴的 summary a.概括的；速决的

summit n.顶点，最高点；极度 summon vt.召唤；鼓起(勇气) superb a.壮丽的；超等的 superficial a.表面的；肤浅的 superiority

supersonic

superstition

supervise

supplement

support

suppress

surpass

surplus

survival

suspicious

sweeten

sweetness

swell

switch

symmetrical

symmetry

symphony

symposium

symptom

synthesis

systematic

systematically

tabulate

tack

tackle

tact

tactics

tangle

tanker

tape

taper

tar

team

tease

n.优越(性)，优势 a.超声的，超声速的 n.迷信，迷信行为 vt.&vi.监督，监视 n.补角 vt.经受，承受，忍受 vt.镇压；抑制；隐瞒 vt.超过，超越，胜过 n.过剩，剩余(物资) n.幸存，残存；幸存者 a.可疑的；猜疑的 vt.使变甜 vi.变甜 n.甜蜜；新鲜；温和 vi.&vt.使膨胀，隆起 n.(树木的)软枝条 a.对称的，匀称的 n.对称(性)，匀称 n.交响乐；交响乐团 n.酒会；座谈会 n.症状，征候，征兆 n.合成；综合，综合物 a.成体系的；分类的 ad.系统地，有规则地 vt.把?制成表 n.平头打 vt.钉住 vt.解决，对付 n.用具 n.机敏，圆滑，得体 n.策略；战术，兵法 vt.使缠结，使纠缠 n.油船；空中加油飞机 vt.系，捆 n.细小的蜡烛；微光 n.柏油，焦油 vi.协作，合作 vt.逗乐，戏弄；强求 44

telex n.电传，用户电报

tempt vt.引诱，诱惑，劝诱 tensile a.张力的；能伸长的 terminal n.计算机终端；线接头 terminate vt.&vi.停止，终止 terminology n.术语学，术语

terrace n.平台，阳台，露台 terrify vt.使恐怖，使惊吓 terrorist n.恐怖分子

testify

Thanksgiving

theatre

theft

theme

theorem

theory

thereafter

therein

thereof

thermal

thesis

thicken

thigh

thorough

thoughtless

thrash

thresh

threshold

thrifty

thrill

through

ticket

tickle

tighten

tightly

tile

tilt

timely

tiresome

toad

token

tolerant

tone

torment

v.证明，证实，作证 n.感恩节 n.戏剧效果 n.盗窃，偷窃(行为) n.题目；词干；主旋律 n.定理；原理，原则 n.见解，看法，推测 ad.此后，以后 ad.在那里，在那时 ad.它的，其；由此 a.热的；温泉的 n.论题，论点；论文 vt.使变厚(或粗、密) n.股，大腿 a.精心的；详尽的 a.欠考虑的；自私的 vt.痛打，鞭打 vi.打 vt.打谷，脱粒；推敲 n.门槛；入门，开端 a.节俭的；兴旺的 vt.&vi.(使)激动 prep.因为，由于 n.(交通违章)罚款传票 vt.挠，胳肢；逗乐 vt.&vi.(使)变紧 ad.紧地，牢固地 n.瓦片，瓷砖；贴砖 vt.&vi.(使)倾斜 a.及时的；适时的 a.使人厌倦的，讨厌的 n.蟾蜍，癞蛤蟆 n.象征；辅币；纪念品 a.容忍的；有耐力的 n.色调，光度；风气 n.痛苦 vt.折磨 45

torpedo n.鱼雷，水雷

torque n.转(力)矩，扭(力)矩 toss vi.翻来复去 tow vt.&n.拖引，牵引 towards prep.为了，有助于 tower vi.高耸，屹立；翱翔 track vi.留下足迹

trade vi.做买卖；交换 trader n.商人；商船 tradesman

tragic

tramp

trample

tranquil

transaction

transform

transition

transmission

transplant

transverse

traverse

tread

treasurer

trench

triangular

tribute

trifle

trigger

triumphant

trivial

trolley

troop

tropic

tropical

trot

troublesome

tuberculosis

tug

tulip

tuna

turtle

tutor

twilight

twist

n.商人；手艺人 a.悲剧性的，悲惨的 vt.&vi.&n.步行，跋涉 vt.&vi.&n.践踏，蹂躏 a.平静的；稳定的 n.处理；交易；和解 vt.变压；变换 n.转变，变迁；过渡 n.遗传，传染 vt.&vi.移植，移种 a.横切的 n.横轴 vt.横越，横切，横断 vi.&vt.踩，踏，践踏 n.司库，财务主管 n.深沟；壕沟，战壕 a.三角的；三者间的 n.贡物；献礼，贡献 vi.玩忽；闲混；嬉耍 n.扳机 vt.触发，引起 a.得胜的；得意洋洋的 a.琐碎的；平常的 n.手推车；无轨电车 n.一群，一队，大量 n.热带地区；回归线 a.热带的；炎热的 vi.&n.(马)小跑，慢跑 a.累赘的，困难的 n.结核病，肺结核 vi.用力拖 n.猛拉，拖 n.郁金香 n.金枪鱼 n.海龟，玳瑁；甲鱼肉 vt.教，指导 n.黎明，黄昏；曙光 v.歪曲，曲解 46

tyranny n.暴政，专制；残暴

tyrant n.暴君；专制君主 ultimate a.基本的，首要的 ultrasonic a.超声的 n.超声波 ultraviolet a.紫外的n.紫外线辐射 unanimous a.(全体)一致的 uncertain a.不定的；无常的 underestimate vt.低估，看轻 underline vt.着重；预告 undertake

undertaking

underwear

undesirable

uneasy

unemployment

unfit

unfold

uniformly

unique

universally

unlimited

unlock

unpaid

unreasonable

untie

uphold

uproar

uranium

urge

usage

utensil

utilization

vaccinate

validity

valuable

value

valve

vault

vector

veil

vein

velocity

velvet

vengeance

vt.约定，保证；从事 n.任务，事业；承担 n.衫衣，内衣，贴身衣 a.不合需要的；讨厌的 a.不安的；拘束的 n.失业；失业人数 a.不合适的；无能力的 vt.展开 vi.呈现 ad.相同地；一贯 a.无可匹敌的；极好的 ad.普遍地，一般地 a.无限的；不定的 vt.开?的锁；开启 a.未付的；不支薪水的 a.不讲道理的；过度的 vt.解开，松开；解放 vt.举起；支撑；赞成 n.骚动，扰乱；喧嚣 n.铀 vt.&vi.强烈希望 n.习惯法 n.器皿，用具 n.利用，效用 vt.给?种牛痘 n.有效，效力；正确 n.贵重物品，财宝 vt.尊重，重视，评价 n.阀，阀门；电子管 n.拱顶；地下室，地窖 n.矢量；飞机航线 vt.以面纱遮掩vi.遮盖 n.静脉，血管，矿脉 n.迅速，快速 a.丝绒制的；柔软的 n.报复，报仇，复仇 47

ventilate vt.使通风，使换气

Venus n.维纳斯；美人；色情 verge n.边缘，边界，界限 versatile a.多方面的；通用的 verse n.诗，韵文；诗行 version n.解释

versus prep.(比赛等中)对

veto n.否决，否决权，禁止 vicinity n.邻近；附近地区 vicious

video

vigorous

vigour

villa

vine

violate

violation

violent

virgin

virtual

visa

viscous

vision

visit

vital

vitamin

vocabulary

vocation

void

volunteer

vow

vowel

vulgar

wade

wag

waggon

waitress

walnut

ward

wardrobe

ware

warehouse

warfare

warning

a.邪恶的；恶性的 a.录象的 a.精力旺盛的，茁壮的 n.活力，精力；元气 n.别墅；城郊小屋 n.蔓，藤，藤本植物 vt.违犯，违背；侵犯 n.违犯；侵犯，妨碍 a.狂暴的；歪曲的 n.处女 a.处女的 a.实际上的，实质上的 n.签证 a.粘滞的，粘性的 n.视力；眼光，想象力 vt.常去 a.生命的，生机的 n.维生素，维他命 n.词汇表，词汇汇编 n.职业，行业 a.空的；无效的 n.志愿者 vt.志愿 n.誓言，誓约，许愿 n.元音；元音字母 a.粗俗的，庸俗的 vt.趟(河)，跋涉 vt.摇，摇摆，摆动 n.敞蓬车厢 n.女侍者，女服务员 n.胡桃，核桃树 n.病房，病室；监房 n.衣柜，衣橱，藏衣室 n.商品，货物；物品 n.仓库，货栈 n.战争，战争状态 n.警告，告诫，鉴诫 48

warrant n.许可证，委任状 wasp n.黄蜂，蚂蜂

wasteful a.浪费的；破坏性的 watchful a.注意的，警惕的 watertight a.不漏水的，防水的 watery a.水的；湿的；乏味的 watt n.瓦(特)

waver vi.摇摆；犹豫不决 way n.状态，状况，规模 weaver

web

wedge

whale

wharf

what

whereby

whilst

whisker

whisper

white

whitewash

whoever

wholesome

widely

wield

willow

wind

winding

windmill

windy

wink

wisdom

wither

whereas

witty

woe

woodpecker

workpiece

workshop

worship

wrath

wrench

wrestle

wretched

n.织布工，编织者 n.网，丝，网状物 n.楔 vt.楔入；挤入 n.鲸；庞然大物 n.码头，停泊所 a.所?的，尽可能多的 ad.靠什么；靠那个 conj.同?同时；然而 n.髯，连鬓胡子 vt.低声地讲，私下说 a.白种(人)的 n.石灰水 vt.粉饰 pron.究竟是谁 a.适合卫生的 ad.大大地 vt.挥(剑)；行使 n.柳树，柳木 n.胸口，心窝 n.卷绕着的线a.卷曲的 n.风车 a.多风的，刮风的 vi.眨眼；使眼色 n.(古人的)名言，格言 vi.枯萎 vt.使衰弱 conj.而，却，反之 a.机智的；风趣的 n.悲哀，悲痛，苦恼 n.啄木鸟 n.工(作)件 n.专题讨论会 vt.崇拜 vi.做礼拜 n.暴怒，狂怒，愤慨 vt.拧，扭伤 n.拧 n.摔交；斗争，搏斗 a.不幸的；卑鄙的 49

wring vt.拧，挤，扭，榨

wrinkle n.皱纹 vt.使起皱纹 xerox vt.&vi.用静电复印

yacht n.游艇，快艇 yearn vi.想念，怀念，向往 yeast n.酵母

yoke n.轭，牛轭；枷锁

yolk n.蛋黄，卵黄 youngster n.儿童，少年，年轻人 zinc n.锌 vt.在?上镀锌

英语六级复习资料（完整版）

英语六级复习专题一完形填空-固定搭配

1. account for 说明?的原因，是?的原

因

2. ccuse?of? 控告；谴责 3. allow for 考虑到，顾及，为?留出预

地 4. appeal to 诉诸，诉请裁决(或证实等) 5. bring about 导致，引起 6. call off 取消

7. care for 照顾，照料；喜欢

8. check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记，报

到 9. check out 结帐后离开，办妥手续离去 10. come up with 提出，提供，想出 11. count on／upon 依靠，指望 12. count up 共计，算出?的总数 13. draw up 起草，拟订；(使)停住 14. fall back on 借助于，依靠 15. get at 够得着，触及；意思是，意指；

查明，发现；指责

16. go in for 从事，参加；爱好

17. hang on to 紧紧抓住；保留(某物) 18. turn out 制造，生产；结果是；驱逐；

关掉，旋熄

19. take over 接受，接管；借用，承袭 20. take in 接受，吸收，接纳；理解，领

会；欺骗；包括

21. stick out (把?)坚持到底；突出，显

眼

22. stick to 坚持，忠于，信守；紧跟，

紧随；粘贴在?上 23. set out 陈述，阐明；动身，起程；开

始；摆放

24. set forth 阐明，陈述 25. set about 开始，着手 26. put in for 正式申请

27. refer to?as? 把?称作，把?当作 28. pay off 还清(债)；付清工资解雇(某

人)；向?行贿；得到好结果，取得成功

29. make up for 补偿，弥补 30. look over 把?看一遍，把?过目；察

看，参观

31. look through 详尽核查；(从头至尾)

浏览 32. live on 靠?生活，以?为食物lie in

(问题、事情等)在于

33. lie in (问题、事情等)在于 34. let go(of) 放开，松手

35. hold out 维持，保持；坚持(要求)，

不屈服

36. hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；

隐瞒，保守(秘密等)

37. have an advantage over 胜过. have

the advantage of 由于?处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事 38. take advantage of (=make the best of,

utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。

39. attribute?to?(=to believe sth. to

be the result of?)把。.归因于.., 认为。.是。.的结果

40. begin with 以?开始. to begin with

(=first of all) 首先，第一(经常用于开始语) 41. on behalf of (=as the representative

of) 以?名义

42. believe in(=have faith or trust in;

consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。

43. get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打

败，胜过。 44. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at

birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生、 45. blame sb. for sth. 因?责备某人 .

blame sth. on sb. 把?推在某人身上 46. in blossom开花(指树木) be in

blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 47. take the floor 起立发言

48. be capable of 能够，有能力 be

capable of being +过去分词是能够被?的

49. compare?with ? 把?与?比较 50. compare?to? 把?比作?

51. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控

告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb。) 向某人抱怨?; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)

52. delight in(=take great pleasure in

doing sth。)喜欢，取乐

53. take (a) delight in 喜欢干?, 以?

为乐

54. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物

质的)东西

55. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 56. deviate from 偏离，不按?办 57. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食，节食 58. differ from?in 与?的区别在于? 59. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)

处理掉 60. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议 61. in dispute 在争议中

62. (be) distinct from ( = be different

from) 与?截然不同

63. distinguish between (=make or

recognize differences) 辨别

64. distinguish?from 把?与?区别开 65. do away with(=get rid of; abolish;

discard eliminate) 除去，废除，取消; do away with (=kill) 杀掉，镇压

66. come off duty 下班

67. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃，

逍遥法外 at large(=in general) 一般来说，大体上 at large(=at full length; with details)详细地

68. accuse?of?(=charge?with; blame

sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告 69. allow for (=take into consideration,

take into account) 考虑到，估计到。

70. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计，

等于。 71. answer for (undertake

responsibility for, be liable for,

take charge for) 对?负责。

72. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠

于;遵守 73. comply with (=act in accordance with

a demand, order, rule etc。) 遵守，依从 74. apply to sb. for sth. 为?向?申请 ;

apply for申请; apply to 适用。 75. apply to 与?有关;适用 76. arise from(=be caused by) 由?引起。 77. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地

(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 78. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or

sorrow because of sth. done) 以? 为羞耻

79. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to

believe or trust in sth。) 向?保证，使?确信。

80. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join)

缚，系 ,结

81. attend to (=give one’s attention,

care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料

82. in accordance with (=in agreement

with) 依照，根据

83. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人

的缘故，为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of ?account 有?。.重要性。 84. take?into account(=consider)把.。.

考虑进去 85. account for (=give an explanation or

reason for) 解释，说明。

86. on account of (=because of) 由于，

因为。

87. be accustomed to (=be in the habit

of, be used to)习惯于。

88. be acquainted with(=to have

knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉

89. act on 奉行，按照?行动; act as 扮

演; act for 代理 adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

90. adapt?(for) (=make sth. Suitable

for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)

91. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，

加之 92. in addition to(=as well as, besides,

other than)除?外

93. adhere to (=abide by, conform to,

comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持，遵循

94. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻

的，临近的

95. adjust。.(to) (=change slightly)调

节; 适应;

英语六级复习专题二翻译-语法精要

Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)

时态

1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.

I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

I’ve been sitting in the garden.

2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I’d been working for some time when he called.

We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.

By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch.

They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

语态

可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:

He was said to be jealous of her success.

It was said that he was jealous of her success.

能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.

It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:

Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)

双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态

双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.

He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. 宾补结构的被动语态:

She was called Big Sister by everybody.

Then he was made a squad leader.

He was considered quite qualified for the job.

The room was always kept clean and tidy.

短语动词

Vi + adv

The plane took off two hours late.

Vi + prep

They looked round the Cathedral.

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Vi + prep (有被动语态)

She’s looking after her sister’s children.

The children were always well looked after.

Vi + adv + prep

I began to look forward to their visits.

Vt + O + adv

Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.

The children were brought up by their mother.

They took him on.

Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)

I am trying to give up smoking.

Vt + O + prep

We talked Donald into agreement.

省略

在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略: 在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉.

Look out for cars when crossing the street.

When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.

While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.

Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.

If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.

Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.

This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.

Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out. She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.

She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.

Fill in the application as instructed.

Whenever known, such facts should be reported.

The documents will be returned as soon as signed.

He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.

Once having made a promise, you should keep it.

If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.

Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.

If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.

As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.

在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略.

He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.

We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.

They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).

He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before. Their training is free, as is all education.

We will, as always, stand on your side.

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错误的省略

His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.

While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her. 一致

如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式.

Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.

An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.

代词作主语时的一致

each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待. Each of us has something to say.

Is everybody ready?

Somebody is using the phone.

Neither of us has gone through regular training.

Has either of them told you?

some, few, both, many 等作复数

some 可后接复数,也可接单数,表示某一.

none作复数看待时较多,但也有时作单数看待,主要看说话人脑中联系想到的是复数还是单数概念, 但none 在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数:

None of the books are easy enough for us

None of us seem to have thought of it.

None (= not a single one) of us has got a camera.

None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did.

None of this worries me.

all 和most 可后接复数,也可接不可数名词 (all of the?, most of the ?), 动词用单数.

由and 或 both? and 连接名词词组时, 后用复数; 由not only?but (also), either?or, neither?nor或 or 连接的并列主语, 谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致.

Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.

My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.

Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work.

Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. 如果一个句子是由there 或here引导, 而主语又不止一个, 谓语通常也和最邻近的那个主语一致.

There was carved in the board a dragon and a phoenix.

Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.

people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽), militia (民兵) 等通常都用作复数. Cattle are grazing on the pasture.

The police are looking for him.

有些集体名词有时作单数看待, 有时作复数看待, 主要根据意思来决定.

His family isn’t very large.

His family are all music lovers.

The committee meets twice a month.

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The committee are divided in opinion.

The audience was enormous.

The audience were greatly moved at the words.

有些名词单复数同形, 可根据意思决定谓语动词的数:

This new series is beginning next month.

These new series are beginning next month.

This species is now extinct.

These species are now extinct.

表示时间, 重量, 长度, 价值等的名词, 尽管仍是复数形式, 如果作整体看待, 动词也可用单数形式 (当然用复数动词也是可以的):

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.

One hundred li was covered in a single night.

其他问题

书名, 国家名用单数:

Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.

学科名, 如mathematics, economics用单数.

many a 或more than one 所修饰的词作主语时, 谓语动词多用单数形式:

Many a person has had that kind of experience.

More than one person has involved in the case.

a number of 后接复数, the number of后接单数:

A number of books have been published on the subject.

The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.

one of those 后用单数. 在“one of + 复数名词 +关系分句”结构中，关系分句中谓语动词的单复数形式在一般情况下有两形式，一是根据先行词采用复数形式：

Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.

当one 之前友the only 等限定词和修饰语时，关系分句谓语动词根据one 而定，即采用单数形式：

He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.

Ⅱ 非谓语动词

不定式

形式

英语六级复习计划

完成式: 不定式的一般形式所表示的动作, 通常与主要谓语表示的动作(状态)同时(或几乎 56

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同时)发生, 或是在它之后发生. 假如不定式所表示的动作, 在谓语所表示的动作(状态)之前发生, 就要用不定式的完成式.

I am glad to have seen your mother (= I am glad I have seen your mother). (比较: I am glad to see you.)

He is said to have written a new book about workers.

He pretended not to have seen me.

进行式: 如果主要谓语表示的动作(状态)发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行, 这时要用不定式的进行式.

You are not supposed to be working. You haven’t quite recovered yet.

We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.

He pretended to be listening attentively.

完成进行式: 在谓语所表示的时间之前一直进行的动作, 就要用不定式的完成进行式. The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years.

We are happy to have been working with you.

被动式: 当不定式的逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时, 不定式一般要用被动形式.

It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.

She hated to be flattered.

He wanted the letter to be typed at once.

This is bound to be found out.

There are a lot of things to be done.

She was too young to be assigned such work.

功用: 不定式可以作主语 (a), 宾语 (b), 表语 (c), 定语 (d) 或是状语 (e).

a. To scold her would not be just.

b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.

c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.

d. Do you have anything to declare?

e. We have come to learn from you.

不带to 的不定式:

在“动词+ 宾语+不定式”结构中, 如果动词是表示感觉意义的see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice等, 或是表示“致使”意义的 have, make, let等, 其后的不定式结构不带to.

John made her tell him everything.

这类结构转换为被动语态时, 后面的不带to 的不定式一般还原为带to 的不定式. She was made to tell him everything.

在 had better, had best, would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) 57

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as well, cannot but 等搭配之后, 动词不定式也不带to.

I’d rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.

They cannot but accept his term.

在make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go of, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go of等固定搭配中, 用不带to的动词不定式.

John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.

I’ve heard tell of him.

在动词help(或help +宾语)之后可用不带to的不定式, 也可用带to的不定式.

Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?

在介词except, but 之后, 如果其前有动词do的某种形式, 不定式一般不带to, 反之带to.

There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.

Smith will do anything but work on a farm.

There’s no choice but to wait till it stops raining.

连词 rather than, sooner than 置于句首时, 其后的不定式不带to.

Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.

出现在句中其他位置时, 其后的不定式有时带to, 有时不带to.

He decided to write rather than telephone.

The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.

用作补语的动词不定式, 如果主语是由“all + 关系分句”，“thing +关系分句”，“what分句”或“thing +不定式结构”等构成，并带有do的某种形式，这时，作为主语补语的不定式可以省to，也可以不省.

What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.

All you do now is complete the form

The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.

The thing to do now is clear up this mess.

The least I can do is drive everybody else closer to the issue.

不定式的其他用法

too?to 结构通常表示否定意义:

She was too young to understand all that.

enough?to结构则表示肯定意义:

She was not old enough to understand all that.

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not too, but too, all too, only too等和不定式连用时,不定式一般不表示否定意义: He’s only too pleased to help her.

so?as (to)这种结构也可用不定式作状语:

Be so kind as to drop in some time when you are free.

如果要说明不定是表示的动作是谁做的, 可以在不定式前加一个for引起的短语: It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.

It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.

在以某些形容词(如 kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时, 不定式前可加一个of引起的短语, 来说明不定式指的是谁的情况:

It’s kind of you to think so much of us.

(It is) Awfully good of you to come and meet us.

It’s very nice of you to be so considerate.

It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal.

V+ing形式(现在分词及动名词)

形式

完成式: 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生, 通常用动名词的完成形式.

He didn’t mention having met me.

I regret not having taken her advice.

在某些动词后(或成语中), 常用(或可以用)动名词的一般形式, 尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的.

Excuse me for coming late.

I don’t remember ever seeing him anywhere.

现在分词的完成式主要用在状语中, 表示这动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生.

Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide.

Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy.

另外, 独立结构也可用现在分词的完成形式.

The guests having left, they resumed their discussion.

The children, having eating their fill, were allowed to leave the table.

被动式: 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时, 动名词一般要用被动形式.

His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.

He couldn’t bear being made fun of like that.

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但要注意, 在want, need, deserve, require 等动词后, 尽管表示的是被动的意思, 却用动名词的主动形式.

My pen needs filling.

The point deserves mentioning.

This problem requires studying with great care.

在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样.

Her method is worth trying.

现在分词的被动式可以用来作定语, 宾语补足语, 状语及用于独立结构中.

This is one of the experiments being carried on in our laboratory.

You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere.

Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.

These are sold at reduced prices, the defects always being pointed out to the customers.

完成被动式: 如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生, 有时需要用动名词的完成被动式.

I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.

但在多数情况下都避免使用这一形式, 而用一般被动形式代替, 以免句子显得累赘.

现在分词的完成被动式一般用来作状语或用于独立结构中.

Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?

The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan. All the compositions having been written and collected, the teacher sent the students home.

句法功用

作主语:

Walking is good exercise.

It’s nice talking to you.

There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.

作宾语:

Your shoes need polishing.

You mustn’t delay sending the tractors over.

He avoided giving us a definite answer.

作介词宾语: 动名词作介词宾语用的时候最多. 它常可以用在某些成语后面, 常见的有: insist on, persist in, think of, dream of, object to, suspect?of, accuse?of, 60

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charge?with, hear of, approve of, prevent?from, keep?from, stop?from, refrain from, be engaged in, look forward to, opposed to, depend on, thank?for, feel like, excuse?for, aim at, devote?to, set about, spend?in, get (be) used to, be fond of, be capable of, be afraid of, be tired of, be sick of, succeed in, be interested in, feel (be) ashamed of, be proud of, be keen on, be responsible for.

作表语:

The real problem is getting to know the needs of the people.

动名词和不定式都可以作主语或表语. 一般说来, 在表示抽象的一般的行为时多用动名词; 在表示具体某词动作, 特别是将来的动作时, 多用不定式.

作宾语补足语: 分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, find, keep, get, have等动词后作宾语补足语.

The words immediately set us all laughing.

Once we caught him dozing off in class.

His remark left me wondering what he was driving at.

在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等动词后, 及可用现在分词, 也可用不定式构成宾语补足语. 用现在分词时, 表示动作正在发生, 用不定式时表示动作发生了.

Do you hear someone knocking at the door?

Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.

作状语: 现在分词作状语时, 通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作, 来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬.

I ran out of the house shouting.

I got home, feeling very tired.

Driving to Chicago that night, I was struck by a sudden thought.

现在分词短语有时可以用作状语表示原因, 相当于一个表示原因的状语从句.

Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.

Having already seen the film twice, she didn’t want to go to the cinema.

现在分词短语有时可用作时间状语, 相当于when引起的从句:

Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days they spent together.

如果两个动作是完全同时发生的, 多用when 或while加分词这种结构.

Be careful when crossing the street.

When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.

She got to know them while attending a conference in Beijing.

前面带有代词或名词的动名词结构: 一个动名词前面可以加一个物主代词(或名词的所有格 61

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结构), 来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语.

Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.

Our sole worry is your relying too much on yourself.

Do you mind my reading your paper?

They insisted on my staying there for supper.

如果不是在句子开头, 这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词宾格), 这比用所有格更自然一些.

I don’t mind him going.

She hates people losing their temper.

只能用动名词作宾语的动词: suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, admit, enjoy, leave off, require, postpone, put off, delay, practise, fancy, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, deny, endure, escape, miss

既可用动名词, 也可用不定式作宾语的动词: love, like, hate, dislike, begin, start, continue, intend, attempt, can’t bear, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, neglect, try, deserve, can’t afford等.

有时两种结构之间意义差别不大, 有时却有不同的意思. 在remember, regret, want, try等词后差别是比较明显的.

I remember seeing her once somewhere.

I must remember to take my notebooks with me.

I regret not having accepted your advice.

I regret to say I haven’t given you enough help.

She doesn’t want (need) to come.

The house wants (needs) cleaning.

We must try to get everything done in time.

Let’s try doing the work some other way.

悬垂修饰: 分词作状语时, 表示的必须是主语的一个动作或状态.

Walking through the park, we saw a lot of flowers. (walking是we的动作, 正确) Walking through the park, the flowers looked very beautiful. (错误)

Standing on the tower, we could see the whole city. (正确)

Standing on the tower, the whole village could be seen. (错误)

分词

意义: 过去分词通常来自及物动词, 带有被动意义和完成意义; 而现在分词有的来自及物动词, 有的来自不及物动词, 通常带有主动意义和未完成意义.

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frozen food a freezing wind

a boring journey a losing battle

the last finishing touch a bored traveller a lost cause a conquered army

the spoken word

a closed shop

a recorded talk a conquering army a speaking bird the closing hour a recording machine a finished article

来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置修饰语, 能作这样用的仅限于下面几个词, 仅表示完成意义, 不表示被动意义.

the risen sun, fallen leaves, faded/withered flowers, returned students, retired workers, departed friends, escaped prisoners, the vanished jewels, newly-arrived visitors

用作后置修饰语的过去分词一般都带有修饰语或其他成分, 在意义上相当于关系分句. Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.

句法作用

作定语: distinguished guest 贵宾, unknown heroes 无名英雄, armed forces武装部队, canned food罐头食品, boiled water开水, steamed bread馒头, stricken area灾区

分词还可构成合成词作定语: simply-furnished room陈设简单的房间, clear-cut answer明确的答复, highly-developed industry高度发展的工业, heartfelt thanks衷心的感谢, hand-made goods手工制品, man-made satellite人造卫星

作补足语: 可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有:

see, hear, feel, find, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词.

I saw the students assembled in the hall.

We found her greatly changed.

make, get, have, keep等表示”致使”意义的动词:

I have my hair cut every ten days.

She got her bad tooth pulled out.

Please keep us informed of the latest developments.

like, want, wish, order等表示希望, 要求, 命令等意义的动词:

I don’t want any of you (to be) involved in the scandal.

He won’t like such questions (to be) discussed at the meeting.

过去分词短语常用作状语, 修饰谓语, 很多都说明动作发生的背景或情况.

Guided by these principles, they went on with the work,

Delighted with her work, they made her the general manager.

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过去分词短语也可作状语表示原因, 相当于一个表示原因的状语从句.

Influenced by his example, they performed countless good deeds.

有时也可说明动作发生的时间, 相当于一个表示时间的状语从句.

This method, tried in areas near Shanghai, resulted in a marked rise in total production.

间或也可表示一个假设的情况, 相当于一个条件从句.

Given closer analysis, we can see this is totally wrong.

偶尔也可用来代替一个“让步”状语从句.

Picked 20 years a year, it grows tired only after 40 or 50 years.

独立结构: 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一.致. 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为独立结构, 一般表示一种伴随的动作或情况.

He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.

有时可以表示时间:

Late that autumn, his work finished, he prepared to return to his institute. 表示原因:

Her eyes dimmed with tears, she did not see him enter.

条件:

All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.

Ⅲ 虚拟语气

that从居中:

wish, would rather (sooner), had better:

I wish I were as strong as you.

I wish I had paid more attention to our pronunciation.

I wish I remembered the address.

I would rather they came tomorrow (you had gone there too).

I had rather (that) you told him than I did.

suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist 等动词后的宾语从句:

The commander ordered that all civilians (should) be evacuated.

He asked that he be given an opportunity to try.

She urged that he write and accept the post.

it is desired, it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed, it is necessary, it is important, it has been decided 等结构后的主语从句中. It was arranged that they leave the following week

It will be better that we meet some other time.

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suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendations, plan, idea等后面的表语从句和同位语从句:

His sole requirement is (was) that thy system be adjusted.

在某些句型中

it is time that

It is time that we went (或should go) to bed.

It is high time we (should) put an end to this controversy.

as if (though) 引起的从句:

They talked (are talking) as if they had been friends for years.

It seems as if it was (were) spring today.

He acts (acted) as if (though) he were (was) an expert.

以lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句(这时谓语多用 should +动词原形): He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.

He put his coat over the child for fear that (或lest) he should catch cold. I’ll keep a seat for you in case you should need it.

以whatever, whoever, no matter what这类代词或词组引起的从句(这时, 谓语多用may加动词原形构成):

Whatever defects he may have, he is an honest man.

Come what may, we will go ahead. 不管发生什么情况, 我们都要干下去.

I accept that he is old and frail; be that as it may, he’s still a good politician. 我承认他年老体衰, 然而尽管如此, 它仍是优秀的政治家.

条件句

虚拟条件句主要有下面两类:

表示现在及将来情况(表示纯然假设或实现的可能性不大的情况):

英语六级复习计划

How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer.

表示过去情况的虚拟条件句(

英语六级复习计划

与事实完全相反的假设情况), 谓语主要形式如下:

She would have come if we had invited her.

If I hadn’t taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake,

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You wouldn’t have caught cold if you had put on more clothes.

有时候, 条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作, 发生的时间是不一致的(如一个是过去发生的, 一个是现在发生的). 这时, 动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整. 这种句子可以称为错综时间条件句.

If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.

If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.

有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示, 而是通过一个介词短语来表示.

Without music, the world would be a dull place.

We could have done better under more favorable conditions.

That would have been considered miraculous in the past.

But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.

如果条件句从句中包含有 were, had, should 或could, 有时可把if省略掉, 并把were, had, should或could放在主语前面.

Had we made adequate preparation, we might have succeeded.

Should there be a flood, what should we do?

Were it not for their assistance, we would be in serious difficulty.

Ⅳ 介词

合成介词和复杂介词

合成介词: inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon within, without 复杂介词: according to, along with, apart from, as for, as to, because of, by means of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, in accordance with, on account of, on behalf of, owing to, due to, together with, up to, with regard to, prior to等

介词在句末:

This is what he is interested in.

Does everyone has a seat to sit on?

名词加介词 ( n + prep)

某些名词之后要求用某些介词: solution to, faith in, glance at, need for

某些名词之前要求用某些介词: on one’s guard, at one’s request, in all probability, to my delight

动词加介词

Vi + prep: prevail on, appeal to, fall into, apply for, touch upon

Vt + O + prep: lay emphasis on, take advantage of等

Vi + adv + prep:

I don’t wish to break in on your thoughts.

The family came up against fresh problems.

You’re not telling me the whole story. You’re holding out on me.

She got off with him soon after she began to work at the institution.

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Vt + O + adv +prep:

You shouldn’t take your resentment out on me.

We shouldn’t put the shortage down to bad planning.

形容词加介词

about --- anxious, careful, careless, certain, considerate, enthusiastic, guilty, happy, mad, particular, sad, sure, timid, unhappy, etc

at --- awkward, bad, clever, disappointed, disgusted, good, marvellous, quick, skilful, skilled, useless, weak, etc

for --- convenient, eligible, grateful, homesick, hungry, necessary, noted, perfect, responsible, etc

from --- evident, exempt, inseparable, safe, tired, etc

in --- deficient, expert, liberal, quick, rich, successful, weak, etc

of --- apprehensive, characteristic, critical, destructive, envious, hard, inconsiderate, impatient, dependent, jealous, positive, scared, sensible, short, sick, suspicious, typical, worthy, etc

on --- dependent, keen, intent, etc

to --- acceptable, accessible, agreeable, alive, attentive, blind, comparable, courteous, deaf, destructive, essential, favourable, hostile, indifferent, married, obedient, parallel, preferable, related, responsible, sensitive, suitable, unjust, etc

with --- awkward, bored, careful, disappointed, generous, identical, ill, impatient, popular, sick, wrong, etc

Ⅴ 连词

并列连词

表示意义的引申: and, both?and, not only?but(also), as well as, and ?as well, neither?nor

表示选择: or, either?or

表示转折: but, while, whereas, yet, however/nevertheless(也可认为是副词) 表示因果: for, so, therefore, hence

从属连词

表示时间: when, while, as, after, before, since, until(till), as soon as, once 表示原因: because, as, since, now that, seeing that

表示条件: if, unless, in case, provided(that), suppose, as long as, on condition (that),

表示其他关系: (al)though, than, as/so?as, lest, in order that, so?that Ⅵ 定语从句

限制和非限制性定语从句: 限制性定语从句是名词词组不可缺少的一个组成部分, 去掉了会造成病句或意义不明确; 非限制性定语从句属于补充说明性质, 去掉了不会影响主要意义, 通常用逗号与它的先行词分开.

The boys who wanted to play football were disappointed when it rained.

The boys, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.

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如果定语从句的先行词是专有名词, 或是带有形容词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或形容词性指示代词(this, that, etc)作限定词, 其后的定语从句通常都是非限制性的:

Mary Smith, who is in the corner, wants to meet you.

Her mother, who had long suffered form arthritis, died last night.

All these books, which have been donated by visiting professors, are to be used by the postgraduates.

在非限制性定语从句中只能用who/whom指人, 用which指物,通常不用that替代. My father, who had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday.

All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.

定语从句的引导词

that, who, whom: 非限制性定语从句, 如果修饰人, 一般用who, 有时用that (作主语时用who较多). 如果关系代词在从句中作宾语, 就应当用宾格 whom 或that, 但在大多数情况下都可以省略掉, 在口语中可用who代替whom.

Here is the man (whom) you’ve been looking for.

He is a man (that) you can safely depend on.

The people (who/that) you were talking to were Swedes.

There are some people here who I want you to meet.

但在介词后只能用whom:

This is the man to whom I referred.

但在口语中一般都把介词放到句子后面去, 这时可用that, 但省略时更多一些.

Have you met the person about whom he was speaking?

Have you met the person (that) he was speaking about

The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.

The girl (who/that) I spoke to is my cousin.

限制性定语从句如果修饰“物”, 用关系代词that的时候较多, 也有时用which.. 当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时, 在绝大多数情况下都是省略的, 特别是口语中(尤其是当被修饰的词是all, everything等词时):

Have you everything you need?

(Is there) anything I can do for you?

All you have to do is to press the button.

在介词后只能用which, 在口语中一般都把介词放到从句后部去, 这时可以用that, 但省略的时候更多一些:

The tool with which he is working is called a wrench.

The tool (that) he is working with is called a wrench.

This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.

This is the question (that) we’ve had so much discussion about.

定语从句一般是修饰名词或代词的, 但间或也可以修饰整个句子a), 或是句子的一部分 68

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b), 引导词用which:

They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them. The activity was postponed, which was exactly what we wanted

When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping.

She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.

whose: 在表示“．．．的”这个概念时, 可用所有格 whose; whose 用于指物, 有时可与of which交替使用, 通常的词序是名词词组 + of which:

Is there anyone in your class whose family is in the northeast?

We had a meeting whose purpose was completely unclear. (?the purpose of which was?) He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (?whose name I’ve?)

of which前的名词词组也可以由some, any, none, all, both, several, enough, many, most, few以及基数词担任; 这些词也能用在 of whom之前.

The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. It’s a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.

关系副词 when, where, why: 它们的含义相当于 at which, in which, for which, 因此它们之间有交替使用的可能.

The day when he was born?

on which he was born?

which he was born on?

The office where he works?

at which he works?

which he works at?

有时可用that替代关系副词, 在口语中that 可省略.

Every time (that) the telephone rings, he gets nervous.

This was the first time I had serious trouble with my boss.

Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink?

This is the place (where) we met yesterday.

That is the reason (why) he did it.

在the way 后也可用that 替代in which, 在口语中that也可省略.

This is the way (that/in which) he did it.

That’s the way I look at it.

如果定语从句中谓语为 there is, 作主语的关系代词也常可省掉:

I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.

This is the fastest train (that) there is to Nanjing.

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定语从句的简化: 定语从句与不定式结构, -ing分词结构, -ed分词结构以及无动词分句等有着转换关系.

He was the only one to realize the danger (= who realized the danger).

The woman driving the car (= who was driving the car) indicated that she was going to turn left.

The man injured by the bullet (= who was injured by the bullet) was taken to hospital. All the women present (= who were present) looked up in alarm.

Ⅶ 倒装

全部倒装和部分倒装: 如果谓语在主语前面, 就是倒装语序. 倒装语序又分为全部倒装和部分倒装. 在全部倒装的句子中, 整个谓语都放在主语的前面:

Here are some registered letters for you.

In came a man with a white beard.

在部分倒装的句子中只是谓语中的一部分(如助动词, 情态动词, 或系动词be等)放在主语前面, 其余部分仍在主语后面:

Under no circumstances must a soldier leave his post.

I couldn’t answer the question. Nor could anyone else in our class.

Only in this way is it possible to accomplish the above-mentioned glorious task.

以neither, nor, so等开始的句子: 由so引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(肯定句), 由neither, nor引起的表示前面所说情况也适用于另一人(或东西)的句子(否定句), 助动词或be置于主语前.

“We must start for the work-site now”. “ So must we.”

I am quite willing to help and so are the others.

He didn’t drop any hint. Nor (Neither) did his secretary.

“I won’t do such a thing.” “Nor (Neither) will I.”

如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思, 尽管是用so开头, 语序也不要颠倒.

“It was cold yesterday.” “So it was.”

“Tomorrow will be Monday.” “So it will.”

当句首状语为 never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely等否定词或有否定意义的词语时, 一般引起部分倒装.

No longer are they staying with us.

No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.

Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle.

表示位置或方向的副词提前, 谓语动词为 go, come等表示位置转移的动作动词而主语又较长时, 通常用全部倒装:

There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat.

The door burst open and I rushed the crowd.

There comes the bus!

Now comes your turn.

㈠如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:

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There comes your turn.

有here引起, 谓语为be的句子, 也要倒装:

Here is China’s largest tropical forest.

Here are some picture-books.

㈡如果主语是代词, 仍用正常语序:

Here we are. This is the new railway station.

“Give me some paper.” “Here you are.”

㈢表语和系动词提前:

介词短语: On the other side was northern Xinjiang.

Near the southern end of the village was a large pear orchard.

形容词: Very important in the farmer’s life is the radio weather report. Worst of all were the humiliations he suffered.

副词: Below is a restaurant.

Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 acres of sandy wasteland.

分词: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and recreation rooms.

Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.

Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.

Standing beside the table was an interpreter.

6) 句首状语若由 only + 副词,

装: only + 介词词组, only + 状语从句构成, 引起局部倒

Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.

Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.

Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. 有not only开头的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒装:

Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn’t done a very good repair job either.

Ⅷ 比较级和最高级

无比较级和最高级的形容词及副词: complete, perfect, utter, etc

比较从句

as?as, almost/just/nearly as?as, not so/as ?as:

We’ll give you as much help as we can.

I haven’t made as much progress as I should.

We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did ten years ago. My command of English is not half so (as) good as yours.

than, so much/a lot more than, no more? than, not more?than, less than more?than, less?than可表示“与其说?不如说?”:

He is more good than bad.

He was less hurt than frightened.

The present crisis in capitalist countries is much more a political than an economic crisis.

“no + 形容词或副词比较级 + than”所表示的可以是该形容词或副词的相反的含义: 71

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no rich than = as poor as

no bigger than = as small as

no later than = as early as

John is no better than Tom.

I have taken no more than six courses this semester.

the more? the more (越是?就越?)

Actually, the busier he is, the happier he feels.

The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.

more of a, as much of a, less of a, etc: 当as much of a?as, more/less of a ?than等结构与单数可数名词搭配时, 名词只能置于比较结构中间.

He is more of a sportsman than his brother.

Ⅸ 名词性从句: 名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句.

主语从句有三类:

由what等代词引导的主语从句: what表示“?所?的(东西)”, 在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句; whatever表示“所?的一切”; whoever表示“一切?的人”.

What you need is more practice

What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

Whatever I have is at your service.

Whoever comes will be welcome.

Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.

由连词that引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句在大多数情况下都放到句子后部去, 而用代词it做形式上的主语:

That we need more equipment is quite obvious.

It is impossible that I may not able to come.

It doesn’t seem likely that she will be here.

在口语中连词that有时可以省略掉:

It’s good you’re so considerate.

It’s a pity you missed such a fine talk.

由连接代词或连接副词(或whether)引起的主语从句: 这类主语从句, 也可以放到句子后部去, 前面用it做形式上的主语.

When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.

It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.

Whether he will join us won’t make too much difference.

It won’t make too much difference whether he will join us.

2宾语从句: 和主语从句及表语从句一样, 宾语从句也有以上三类.

a) 连接代词或副词引导的从句只是在某些动词后能用作宾语.

Tell me what you want.

I just can’t imagine how he could have done such a thing.

Have you decided whom you are to nominate as your candidate.

能跟这类宾语从句的常见动词有: see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discover, discuss, understand, inform, advise等. 这种动词后也常用whether或if引导的从与作宾语:

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I don’t know whether these figure are accurate.

I’m wondering if the letter is overweight.

这种从句有时前面可以有另一个宾语:

Has she informed you when they are to hold the meeting?

Please advise me which book I should read first.

有时这种从句也可用作及词的宾语:

Whether that is a good solution depends on how you look at it.

He was not conscious of what an important discovery he had made.

I was curious as to what he would say next.

b) 用that引导的从句作宾语的情形最为普遍, 在很多动词如boast, say, think, insist, wish, hope, suppose, see, believe, agree, acknowledge, admit, deny, expect, explain, confess, order, command, suspect, dream, suggest, propose, know, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, report, urge, 以及doubt的否定和疑问式后面都可以用它. Ⅹ 情态动词:

may/might表示允许和可能:

允许: 询问或说明一件事可不可以做.

May I trouble you with a question?

You may take this seat if you like.

He asked if he might glance through my album.

You might as well speak your mind. (比may?显得婉转一些)

可能: 表示一件事或许发生(或是某种情况可能会存在).

You may walk ten miles without seeing a house.

She was afraid they might not like the idea.

A bad thing might be turned to good account.

might 表示请求:

Might I ask for a photograph of your baby? (比May I ?更客气一些)

can’t, couldn’t表示否定的推测:

She can’t be serious.

A more suitable book can’t be found. (It is not possible to find a more suitable book.)

He couldn’t (can’t) be over fifty.

should, ought to: 表示应该做的事, ought to比should口气稍重一些.

You should (ought to) do as he says.

You shouldn’t (oughtn’t to) talk like that.

但这两者间也有一些差别, 在表示责任, 义务等该做的事情时, 常用ought to, 在表示某件事宜于做时, 多用should, 在下面的句子中这两个词就不宜换用:

You are his father. You ought to take care of him.

We should not use too many big words in our everyday speech.

will, would

shall, should表示意愿

情态动词后接进行式, 完成式和完成进行式:

情态动词可以和动词的进行式构成谓语, 表示”应该正在?”, “想必正在?”这类意思: Why should we be sitting here doing nothing?

This isn’t what I ought to be doing.

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She might still be thinking about the question you raised.

They must (may) be waiting for us, let’s hurry up.

They can’t be using the room now.

情态动词有时和动词的完成形式构成谓语, 表示”应当已经?”, “想必已经?”这类意思:

I should have thought of that.

They shouldn’t have left so soon.

She must have arrived by now.

You needn’t have told them that.

Where can (could) he have gone?

He can’t have finished the work so soon.

He may not have achieved all his aims. But his effort is praise-

worthy.

We ought to have give you more help.

情态动词间或也可以和一个动词的完成进行式构成谓语,表示”应当一直在?”, “想必一直在?”这类意思:

They are sweating all over. They must have been working in the fields.

They may have been discussing the problem this morning.

You should have been waiting for us. Why haven’t you?

She couldn’t have been swimming all day.

翻译预测

1.Out of my expectation, _____________________________________.

(经济危机给我的企业造成了如此巨大的冲击)

2.Only through these measures, _______________________________.

(我们能够赢得这场战斗)

3.___________________(为了重建我们新的家园), we are hand in hand.

4.Due to his negative behavior, ________________________________.

(他总被视作团队中最不稳定的因素)

5.______________________________________(如果你更早的意识到这个问题的严重性), you would not have been so regretful.

六级复习专题三作文模板

Chapter One 文章开头句型

1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题.

[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.

[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)

[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

1-2 现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .

[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused 74

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public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

----- To be continued !!

1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...

[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......

[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....... 1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .

"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.

[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......". 1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.

[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .

[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.

Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型

原因结果分析

3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.

[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...

[2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...

[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....

3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!

[1]. Another important factor is ....

[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.

[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....

3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .

[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....

[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........

比较对照句型

3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯 75

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定其缺点的时候用 !

[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from

[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.

[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects. 3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!

[1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.....

[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.

Chapter Three 文章结尾形式

2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .

[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....

[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......

2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.

[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......

[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.

2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.

[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ......

[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency. 2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.

[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....

[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation. 2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.

[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .

[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.

[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........ 2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!

[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .....

[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ..

结尾万能公式

1．结尾万能公式一：如此结论

Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that?

2．结尾万能公式二：如此建议

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Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

写作的“七项基本原则”

一、长短句原则：

As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主题句原则

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）. Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、一二三原则

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）

8）most important of all, moreover, finally

9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）

10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）

说明原因型

模板一：这个模板的中文大意是：在某种场合，发生某种现象，并提供一些相关数据，然后列出这种现象的三个原因，并将三个原因总结为一个最主要原因，最后提出避免这种现象的两个办法。总的来说，利用这个模板写英语作文，是相当容易的，您只要将适当的内容，填写到对应的方括号中，一篇通顺的英语作文即可完成。下面就是这个模板。

Nowadays, there are more and more [某种现象] in [某种场合]. It is estimated that

[相关数据]. Why have there been so many [某种现象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is [原因一]. Besides, [原因二]. The third one is [原因三]. To sum up, the main cause of [某种现象] is due to [最主要原因]. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, [解决办法一]. On the other hand,

[解决办法二]. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某种现象]. 模板二：

These days we often hear that (1). It is common that (2).

Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,( 3 ). For another，( 4 ). What is more, since (5), it is natural that (6).

To solve the problem is not easy at all，but is worth trying .We should do something such as ( 7 ) to improve he present situation ,and I do believe everything will be better in the future .

英语四六级作文35个加分句型

一、~~~ the + ~ est. + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) ~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/ heard/ had/ read, etc)

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例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)

例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的优点是...)

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.

用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的原因是...)

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此...以致于...)

例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈...愈...)

例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.

你愈努力，你愈进步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.

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我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。

十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...，..能够..)

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)

例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxd.

听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)

例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了)

例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)

例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)

例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.

没有人不渴望上大学。

十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)

例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.

既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。

十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)

It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)

It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)

例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)

例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it. 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...(过去...年来，...一直...) 例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。

例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)

例句：It pays to help others.

帮助别人是值得的。

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二十四、be based on (以...为基础)

例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)

例句：We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与...息息相关)

例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.

做运动与健康息息相关。

二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)

例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream. 因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...！)

例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise! How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

遵守诺言是多么重要的事！

三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)

例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. 我们的交通状况令人不满意。

三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对...有很大的影响)

例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

三十三、do good to (对...有益)，do harm to (对...有害)

例句：Reading does good to our mind.

读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.

工作过度对健康有害。

三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (尽全力去...) 例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life. 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标

作文中结束语

1. The most effective means to solve this problem is that ______________. In that case, ______________.

2. Everything has its own two sides, no exception with AAA. For one thing, ______________. for another, ______________.

3. My experience tells me that to ______________ needs a thorough and persevering process, and in this process you had better abide by the principles mentioned above.

4. On the whole, it is high time that we recognized the significance of ______________.

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5. As a result, we should take some effective methods to ______________.

6. Judging by the figures, we can draw a conclusion that ______________.

7. In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______________. Only in this way can ______________ in the future.

8. In my opinion, we should place much emphasis on the importance of ______________.

9. But ______________ and ______________ have their own advantages. For example, ______________, while ______________. Comparing those two, however, I prefer to ______________.

10. In my opinion, ______________ is just as common as ______________. If ______________, it may be very useful. Whatever ______________, the key point lies in ______________.

11. Are their opinions correct? To my mind, the first idea seems ______________. As for the second idea, ______________.

12. As a popular saying goes, ______________. In my opinion what really counts is not ______________, but ______________. I believer that as long as ______________, we will ______________. So I am for the opinion that ______________.

13. In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we ______________, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems, and then make the right decision.

14. Personally, I believer that ______________. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ______________.

15. In my opinion, all of the people should be brave enough to show our disapproval and criticism when confronted with ______________.

大学英语六级听力考试新题型解读

一、听力理解题型解读

听力部分旨在通过听力的方式考查考生对于校园生活，日常交际以及一些科普与历史文化信息获取和判断推理能力，从而测试考生的听力与综合理解能力。听力部分的录音材料均为标准的英音和美音朗读，语速约为每分钟150个单词，属于正常语速。考试时间为35分钟，分值占六级考试总分的35%。共分为三个部分：对话部分，包括短对话和长对话，占分值的15%；短文理解部分，占分值的10%；复合式听写部分，占分值的10%。

（一）对话部分

短对话与长对话均采用选择题的形式进行考查，短对话共8组，每组为一轮对话和一个问题，长对话共两段，每段为7-8轮对话，后面有3-4个问题。每个问题后有13秒的答题时间。考试时对话内容和问题均只读一遍。

（二）短文部分

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通常由3篇文章组成，每篇240-260个单词，每篇后面有3-4题，共10题。每个问题后也是有13秒的答题时间。考试时短文内容和问题也只读一遍。

（三）复合式听写

主要包括单词听写与句子或从句听写两种考查方式，从不同层面考查了考生的听力理解、文意把握以及词汇速记等综合能力，属于新题型，文章为240-260字，前8个空要求准确填入所缺单词，后三个空格较长，要求考生将所听到的内容用原文或自己的话表达出来。

考试时全文朗读三遍，第一遍朗读时中间没有停顿，要求考生听懂全文大意；第二遍朗读时，在每个空格所在句的后面都有停顿，以便考生可以填写所缺内容；第三遍朗读时没有停顿，目的是供考生校对所填内容。

二、应试要点与解题技巧

（一）改革后听力理解的要求

听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力，包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义，判断话语的交际能力、说话人的观点、态度等。大学英语六级考试听力理解部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中较高要求，即“能基本听懂英语国家人士的谈话和讲座，能听懂题材熟悉、篇幅较长的国内英语广播或电视节目，语速为每分钟150词左右，能掌握其中大意，抓住要点和相关细节。能听懂外国专家用英语讲授的专业课程。”

（二）听力理解的应试要点

1. 听力理解的考前准备要求

a. 掌握听力考试的一般题材，如：校园生活、人际交往、科技文化以及人物传记等。平时

注意积累一些欧美文化的常识性知识。

b. 就听力考试常考题材准备一定的词汇，词汇是听力理解的基础。词汇的累积如同登上，

要稳步向前，重在坚持不懈。另外，要有目的的记忆，以《教学要求》所涉及的词汇范围为蓝本，以泛记和精记相结合。泛记的词是指在听音时只需辨别词汇本身含义的词；而需精记的词是指那些除了了解词汇本身的含义，还要熟知其用法和搭配的词汇。 c. 熟悉标准的英式与美式发音，基本了解常用词汇在发音上的区别。由于部分考生的个人

偏好，有时厚此薄彼，这点在考前需要调整。

d. 注意听写的训练。有些考生平时会购买大量的听力材料进行训练，做大量的习题，虽然

成绩会有所提高，但是还远达不到预期的目标，究其原因是其复习方法还有待改进。大 82

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部分考生购买听力资料之后只会用它来做大量的习题，殊不知这些对话，尤其是短文还是听写的良好素材。听力理解的难点，并非仅仅在于听不懂单词，即使是能够读懂的文章，如果出现较多的弱读或连读，仍然会让考生为难，而听写不仅可以增强我们的瞬时记忆功效，还可以帮助我们适应和熟悉英美发音的连读和弱读，甚至还可以巩固我们的词汇掌握。

e. 注意泛听和精听的结合

文武之道，贵在一张一弛，听力训练也是如此，精听练习适用于那些难度较高，题材具有很强代表性的材料，比如：历年真题，而泛听练习则适用于那些选材广泛，形式多样，内容时尚的素材，比如：英语新闻，各类电视辅导性英语节目。精听的目的在于提高考生的听力理解能力，熟悉考试题型，而泛听的目的在于帮助考生熟悉各类发音，增强词汇的敏感性，了解不同领域更加广泛的词汇表达。

2. 听力理解的考试技巧

听力部分考试技巧有个十六字决：看题猜题一马当前不识既过无字亦书。具体的意思就是：

在听力录音开始前，先将题目快速浏览一遍，在浏览的过程中不仅要对即将播出的听力素材的内容有个初步判断，同时还必须学会“猜题”。

听力考试时碰到听不懂的词句，切不可纠缠其中，这样很容易影响后面的答题效果。对于新增长对话部分和短文理解部分，其信息量远远大于考生可以瞬时记忆的能力范畴，因此，有效的做笔记也是解题的一个关键，做笔记时可以采用一些简单明了的方法来节省时间，例如：

∵ because ∴ therefore

√ true/correct × wrong/false

？ not sure/question

或者采用单词的几个字母缩写来代表整个单词。

另外要听清楚提问问题所在，考生在浏览选项进行推测判断时切不可忽略听力中所提的问题，免得虽听懂了原文的内容，却因没有注意细节内容，仍选择错误。

对于听力中没有记录，没有听清以及似是而非的题目，不要放弃，要学会从出题者的角度来选择答案。心理上要放轻松，树立自己的自信心。

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听力理解的考试技巧具体到不同的部分既有区别也有共性，本书后面会按照不同的题型，分别加以论述。

★ 英语六级复习专题一完形填空-固定搭配

1. account for 说明?的原因，是?的原因

2. ccuse?of? 控告；谴责 3. allow for 考虑到，顾及，为?留出预

地 4. appeal to 诉诸，诉请裁决(或证实等) 5. bring about 导致，引起 6. call off 取消

7. care for 照顾，照料；喜欢

8. check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记，报

查明，发现；指责

16. go in for 从事，参加；爱好

17. hang on to 紧紧抓住；保留(某物) 18. turn out 制造，生产；结果是；驱逐；

关掉，旋熄

19. take over 接受，接管；借用，承袭 20. take in 接受，吸收，接纳；理解，领

会；欺骗；包括

21. stick out (把?)坚持到底；突出，显

眼

22. stick to 坚持，忠于，信守；紧跟，

紧随；粘贴在?上 23. set out 陈述，阐明；动身，起程；开

始；摆放

24. set forth 阐明，陈述 25. set about 开始，着手 26. put in for 正式申请

27. refer to?as? 把?称作，把?当作 28. pay off 还清(债)；付清工资解雇(某

人)；向?行贿；得到好结果，取得成功

29. make up for 补偿，弥补 30. look over 把?看一遍，把?过目；察

看，参观

31. look through 详尽核查；(从头至尾)

浏览 32. live on 靠?生活，以?为食物lie in

(问题、事情等)在于

33. lie in (问题、事情等)在于 34. let go(of) 放开，松手

35. hold out 维持，保持；坚持(要求)，

不屈服

36. hold back 踌躇，退缩；阻止，抑制；

隐瞒，保守(秘密等)

37. have an advantage over 胜过. have

the advantage of 由于?处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事 38. take advantage of (=make the best of,

utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。

39. attribute?to?(=to believe sth. to

be the result of?)把。.归因于.., 认为。.是。.的结果

40. begin with 以?开始. to begin with

(=first of all) 首先，第一(经常用于开始语) 41. on behalf of (=as the representative

of) 以?名义

42. believe in(=have faith or trust in;

consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。

43. get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打

败，胜过。 44. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at

birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生、 45. blame sb. for sth. 因?责备某人 .

blame sth. on sb. 把?推在某人身上 46. in blossom开花(指树木) be in

blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作) 47. take the floor 起立发言

48. be capable of 能够，有能力 be

capable of being +过去分词是能够被?的

49. compare?with ? 把?与?比较 50. compare?to? 把?比作?

51. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控

告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb。) 向某人抱怨?; complain (抱怨); complement (补充); compliment (恭维)

52. delight in(=take great pleasure in

doing sth。)喜欢，取乐

53. take (a) delight in 喜欢干?, 以?

为乐

54. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求(物

质的)东西

55. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物

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56. deviate from 偏离，不按?办 57. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食，节食 58. differ from?in 与?的区别在于? 59. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)

处理掉 60. beyond dispute不容争议的，无可争议 61. in dispute 在争议中

62. (be) distinct from ( = be different

from) 与?截然不同

63. distinguish between (=make or

recognize differences) 辨别

64. distinguish?from 把?与?区别开 65. do away with(=get rid of; abolish;

discard eliminate) 除去，废除，取消; do away with (=kill) 杀掉，镇压

66. come off duty 下班

67. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃，

逍遥法外 at large(=in general) 一般来说，大体上 at large(=at full length; with details)详细地

68. accuse?of?(=charge?with; blame

sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告 69. allow for (=take into consideration,

take into account) 考虑到，估计到。

70. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计，

等于。 71. answer for (undertake

responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对?负责。

72. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠

于;遵守 73. comply with (=act in accordance with

a demand, order, rule etc。) 遵守，依从 74. apply to sb. for sth. 为?向?申请 ;

apply for申请; apply to 适用。 75. apply to 与?有关;适用 76. arise from(=be caused by) 由?引起。 77. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地

(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 78. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or

sorrow because of sth. done) 以? 为羞耻

79. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to

believe or trust in sth。) 向?保证，使?确信。

80. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join)

缚，系 ,结

81. attend to (=give one’s attention,

care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料

82. in accordance with (=in agreement

with) 依照，根据

83. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人

考虑进去 85. account for (=give an explanation or

reason for) 解释，说明。

86. on account of (=because of) 由于，

因为。

87. be accustomed to (=be in the habit

of, be used to)习惯于。

88. be acquainted with(=to have

knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉

89. act on 奉行，按照?行动; act as 扮

演; act for 代理 adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

90. adapt?(for) (=make sth. Suitable

for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)

91. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，

加之 92. in addition to(=as well as, besides,

other than)除?外

93. adhere to (=abide by, conform to,

comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持，遵循

94. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻

的，临近的

95. adjust。.(to) (=change slightly)调

节; 适应;

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★ 英语六级复习专题二翻译-语法精要

Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等)

时态

1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束.

I’ve been writing letters for an hour.

I’ve been sitting in the garden.

2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I’d been working for some time when he called.

We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作.

By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.

In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.

4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch.

They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October.

语态

可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:

He was said to be jealous of her success.

It was said that he was jealous of her success.

It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.

The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:

Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制)

双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态

He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.

Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

宾补结构的被动语态:

She was called Big Sister by everybody.

Then he was made a squad leader.

He was considered quite qualified for the job.

The room was always kept clean and tidy.

短语动词

Vi + adv

The plane took off two hours late.

Vi + prep

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They looked round the Cathedral.

Vi + prep (有被动语态)

She’s looking after her sister’s children.

The children were always well looked after.

Vi + adv + prep

I began to look forward to their visits.

Vt + O + adv

Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.

The children were brought up by their mother.

They took him on.

Vt + adv + O (无被动语态)

I am trying to give up smoking.

Vt + O + prep

We talked Donald into agreement.

省略

Look out for cars when crossing the street.

When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.

While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.

Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.

If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.

Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.

This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.

Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out. She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.

She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.

Fill in the application as instructed.

Whenever known, such facts should be reported.

The documents will be returned as soon as signed.

He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.

Once having made a promise, you should keep it.

If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.

Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.

If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.

As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.

在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略.

He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.

We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.

They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).

He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before. Their training is free, as is all education.

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We will, as always, stand on your side.

错误的省略

His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.

While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her. 一致

如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式.

Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.

An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team.

代词作主语时的一致

each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待. Each of us has something to say.

Is everybody ready?

Somebody is using the phone.

Neither of us has gone through regular training.

Has either of them told you?

some, few, both, many 等作复数

some 可后接复数,也可接单数,表示某一.

none作复数看待时较多,但也有时作单数看待,主要看说话人脑中联系想到的是复数还是单数概念, 但none 在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数:

None of the books are easy enough for us

None of us seem to have thought of it.

None (= not a single one) of us has got a camera.

None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did.

None of this worries me.

all 和most 可后接复数,也可接不可数名词 (all of the?, most of the ?), 动词用单数.

由and 或 both? and 连接名词词组时, 后用复数; 由not only?but (also), either?or, neither?nor或 or 连接的并列主语, 谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致.

Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.

My sister or my brother is likely to be at home.

Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work.

There was carved in the board a dragon and a phoenix.

Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.

people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽), militia (民兵) 等通常都用作复数. Cattle are grazing on the pasture.

The police are looking for him.

有些集体名词有时作单数看待, 有时作复数看待, 主要根据意思来决定.

His family isn’t very large.

His family are all music lovers.

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The committee meets twice a month.

The committee are divided in opinion.

The audience was enormous.

The audience were greatly moved at the words.

有些名词单复数同形, 可根据意思决定谓语动词的数:

This new series is beginning next month.

These new series are beginning next month.

This species is now extinct.

These species are now extinct.

表示时间, 重量, 长度, 价值等的名词, 尽管仍是复数形式, 如果作整体看待, 动词也可用单数形式 (当然用复数动词也是可以的):

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.

One hundred li was covered in a single night.

其他问题

书名, 国家名用单数:

Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb.

学科名, 如mathematics, economics用单数.

many a 或more than one 所修饰的词作主语时, 谓语动词多用单数形式:

Many a person has had that kind of experience.

More than one person has involved in the case.

a number of 后接复数, the number of后接单数:

A number of books have been published on the subject.

The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing.

Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.

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