P109 流行服饰
Fashion is difficult to follow, some people say fashion is just for selling clothes, we should not follow it and we should dress what we like and feel comfortable in it
Agree or disagree? (现在人们穿着越来越紧跟时尚，但是有些人却不这样，他们认为应该按自己的喜好和舒适来选择服装。你的观点。如今很多人喜欢选择非常时尚的穿着打扮，但是，这种穿着打扮并不实用；人们是否应该选择一些更加comfortable的服装。)
Arguments
1. A good appearance may help people make a better impression in social contacts.
2. When people are getting old, they should pay more attention to their appearance.
3. The way people are dressed helps them to preserve a sense of their own value and
personality.
4. Fashion adds spice to life with its rich colour, variety, and beauty.
5. Men and women follow fashions in order to please each other and themselves.
6. The world will be a dull place to live in if people always wear clothes of the same style
and colour.
7. Mass production makes well-designed clothes cheap, available to everyone.
8. The fashion industry is an enormous one. It provides employment for people like textile
workers, designers, shopkeepers, ect.
9. The fashion industry has helped industrial research in the sense that a lot of new
materials, like nylon, rayon, etc. have been made to meet the demand of the consumers.
10. Being well-dressed is of psychological importance because confidence in one’s
appearance leads to confidence in one’s success in life.
Counter-arguments
1. People sometimes look odd with the so-called fashionable hair styles, make-up, and
dress.
2. Top designers in Paris and London are dictatorial, for they lay down the law and the
whole world rushes to obey.
3. Fashion goes like this: one year, one thing; the next year, the reverse.
4. People are so vain that they are afraid of being seen in old-fashioned clothes.
5. People, especially the fashion-followers, are blackmailed by fashion-designers and
stores.
6. Changing fashions is a deliberate creation of waste because one will have to discard a lot
of new clothes in order to follow fashions.
7. Fashion designers are not interested in important things like warmth, comfort, and
durability of the clothes. They are only interested in outward appearance and profits.
8. The odder the clothes, the more expensive they are, and the more fashionable they
become. It’s a great pity that people have lost their appreciation of real beauty.
9. In order to follow fashions, people have to put up with great discomfort, such as
suffering from cold in winter.
10. One’s confidence does not grow from the way one is dressed, but from the inner qualities
one possesses.
P112 为什么父母和孩子在一起的时间少了？
Today’s parents spend too little time staying with their children and use television to make their children keep quiet. Explain the reason and results by using your relevant experience.
In China, both of the parents have their jobs. With the development of economy, people tend to pursue high quality living conditions. Most of the parents try their best to offer their children comfortable circumstances, but they seldom have time to stay with their children. In my point of view, no matter how busy they are, they should make the best use of their time to stay with their children.
First, the love between children and adults will be improved by spending more time on their children. Children could feel parents? affection through the genial
conversation and sharing their pleasure with them. Every time when parents take them to amusement park, help them to prepare their birthday parties, applaud for them when they are competing in the sports meeting, the time they spend with children will become treasure in their memories.
Second, children need the direction from their parents. There are some wrong
behaviors in our society such as dishonesty, corruption, violence and eroticism and so on. Children have weak resistance in defending this detrimental influence. In this case, parents? instructions seem to be very important to children?s growth. Parents should sit down and talk with them about what they should do and should not do. In addition, if parents often spend time in staying with their children, adults? good behaviors will greatly influence their children.
Here I do not deny that there are some disadvantages in spending too much time on children. Some parents restrict their children, and give them little freedom to develop their interests. Therefore, I emphasize that parents should educate and instruct their children appropriately in their spare time apart from their busy works.
P114 电视会影响孩子的创造力吗？
Some British families decide not to buy televisions because they influence the development of the creativity of children. What do you think?
With the rapid development of science and technology, television, as a new invention in the 20th century is becoming very populous in people?s life. People can be informed of the latest news enjoy the colorful programs at home. In my opinion, television will not affect children?s creativity as exaggerated.
Firstly, television is the most effective tool to inform children of the latest news and scientific development over the world. Television tells us the recent development of some researches, such as clone technology, Genetic breakthroughs, the new computing technology and so on, which can stimulate the imagination of children and encourage them to carry out relevant experiments, making new findings and breakthroughs in their study.
Secondly, some programs like adventures and geography can enlarge children?s knowledge of scope. With the emerge of information technology, the knowledge in textbooks cannot satisfy children?s curiosity any more. Children need to learn winder knowledge and know more about our world. Programs like adventures can cultivate children?s creativity and the ability to tackle difficulty, programs like geography can teach children knowledge about different countries in the world and initiate their aspiration to know about the nature; programs about science can inspire children?s interest in science and technology.
However, the improper programs on television sometimes play negative role in the growth of children. The shots about violence, crimes and pornography contents are making children walk on the criminal road.
To sum up, I believe that television will not influence children?s creativity. But meanwhile, the government and the whole society should do their utmost to prohibit the unhealthy contents on TV and provide the children with a clean growing environment (275 words)
P116 机器人是好是坏？
Is the wildly using of robots will bring our human beings danger？ Is it a blessing or a curse?
Intelligent machines such as robots are widely applied to take the place of human beings. Please discuss the advantages and disadvantages.
The technology of intelligent machines improves amazingly with the help of artificial intelligence. Robots, known as steel-collar workers, are widely employed in different aspects, such as marine research, space meanwhile, they are not as versatile as expected.(49 words)
The advantages of robots are innumerable. The employment of robots on assembly lines saves a lot of labor forces. Robots are widely used in developed countries. In Japan, one out of ten thousand workers are robots, which not only improve the working efficiency, but also enhance accuracy. That is the reason why robots are so popular in automobile industry and electronic production line.(63 words)
Another merit is that robots can take the place of human beings and work in the dangerous environment or the places not accessible for us. Human beings have extended
their cognition to the outer space, where there are considerable unpredictable dangers. Robots can work in any kind of situation, no matter how awful the environment is. In hospital, robots work as professional doctors doing operation on the patients. Furthermore, robots can work around the clock, never knowing what tiredness is (80 words)
However, the disadvantages of robots are undeniable. Firstly, all the robots and other intelligent machines are designed by human beings. What robots do is follow the instruction and pre-set programming by human beings. If there is something wrong with the electric circuit or programs, robots will become good-for-nothing machines. Besides, robots cannot work creatively when confronted with complicated situation.(59 words)
In short, robots are subsidiary to human beings. However competent they are in various kinds of field, robots will never take the place of human beings and play a decisive role in our work and life.(36 words)
(287 words totally)
P117 垃圾问题
Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away society”, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To want extent do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend to reduce this problem? In present-day society, plastic containers and utensils are extensively used in big cities and the countryside alike. They are so ubiquitous I would hazard the guess that each one of us has seen, at one time or another, the unsightly scene of plastic bags swirling in the wind. These plastic shopping bags, chopsticks, to-go boxes and mineral-water bottles, to name but a few, when not properly disposed of, create a colossal amount of non-biodegradable refuse. Therefore, some people argue that we have embarked upon a “throw-away” era when plastic trash is largely dumped indiscriminately and irresponsibly (this practice is often labeled
“white pollution” on account of the color of plastic wastes). Personally, I wholeheartedly support their view.
There are numerous reasons for this worrisome phenomenon coming into being. To begin with, at present the bulk of people who shop and/or eat out regularly are still poorly-informed, uninformed or misinformed about the pernicious influence that non-biodegradable pollutants exert on the ecosystem, which is the main culprit in the global-scale mishandling of the plastic wastes. The chief component of such trash is polythene, which cannot decompose on landfill sites over the process of the next hundreds of years if no major scientific breakthrough comes along in polythene treatment. Thus, such trash must be dealt with collectively rather than be scattered like tumbleweeds. Secondly, the proliferation of
plastic shopping bags and eating ware is largely fuelled by the surging, headlong consumerism. Plastic containers and utensils are lighter in weight, cheaper(often free of charge) in price and water-resistant in performance. These superior properties make them preferable to their paper and cloth counterparts in customers’ eyes; and as consumer
satisfaction reigns supreme in contemporary society, compared with superb portability, affordability and utility, how to dispose of them is the last thing the customers are concerned about. Additionally, plastic bags, wrap and containers are also commercially feasible since they are cheaper to manufacture, ship and store. These mercenary considerations also have prompted the good old cloth or paper bags to be supplanted by plastic bags but over the phasing-out process, few stores and restaurants advocate or encourage the use of environmentally—benign disposal of plastic trash, hence the whole slew of non-biodegradable garbage. And environmental hazards ensue.
Given the scale and severity of “white pollution”, we must take
immediate steps to address this scourge. In the first place, we must do our utmost to enhance people’s awareness of how persistent and
devastating non-biodegradable trash can be to our environment and our posterity’s. Secondly, retail stores and dining establishments should spare no effort in encouraging their customers to reuse plastic packing items. Furthermore, indiscriminate and irresponsible dumping of
household garbage or personal junk should be outlawed by the legislature and heavy fines or even jail terms must be imposed on those compulsive litterbugs who fail to get their act together. Then , on the part of the biochemical researchers and technologists , scientific research must be launched here and now in pursuit of effectual ways to convert
non-biodegradable refuse to biodegradable refuse. Last but not least, the government must not shirk its obligations in mobilizing scientific resources and rallying popular support in the crusade against “white pollution”. Neither should it pay just lip service to relevant research nor can campaigns if no enough funding be obtained otherwise. Additionally, I am convinced a customer tax levied by the government on the use of plastic bags will also help to curb this massive “white pollution”.
The havoc non-biodegradable refuse can wreak on the ecosystem is beyond our imagination. It can eventually devastate soil, water and the aquatic and terrestrial biota. We must start combating this environmental catastrophe before the ecosystem irretrievably breaks down under the reign of the minute plastic debris.
P119
范文 垃圾问题
The roads are dotted with trash, the railways are littered with decaying garbage and our cities are disgraced by plastic bags. Lately, the worsening rubbish problem has aroused people?s wide concern. Some hold the belief that it is an overstatement to claim that people have formed a “throw away” society, and that they just discard the used items, which is necessary. Others, however, firmly contend that people do develop a habit of throwing things away. Personally, I firmly side with the latter.
It is no doubt that our cities are on the way towards becoming a huge landfill. To begin with, people are in the habit of littering. Nowadays, people tend to discard old items like outdated furniture and worn-out appliance, which are actually recoverable. Furthermore, due to the inadequate facilities of garbage collection, people throw away their refuse
everywhere at will. In addition, rubbish is in rapid increase. In the first place the quickening tempo of modern lifestyle gives rise to people?s favor of disposable items for sake of convenience, which greatly adds the amount of rubbish. In the second place, the
development of science and technology also contributes to it. It generates new product in a more frequent way, which makes the old ones cast aside as rubbish at a quicker pace. Consequently, our cities are decorated with trash..
In view of the severity of the issue, we should adopt immediate measure to address it. First of all, the government should play a leading role. It ought to bring in strong
anti-littering laws, backed by heavy penalties and effective enforcement, to tackle the littering behaviors. Also, officials should make good use of mass media to promote the public?s awareness of environmental protection, making sure that everyone will become a conscious environment protector. Additionally, scientists can develop efficient
technologies to degrade and recycle the rubbish. Research findings reveal that 63% of the refuse nowadays are recycled. Finally, it is essential for schools to attach importance to environmental education, so that every child will become environmentally friendly and get rid of the littering habit.
In conclusion, people?s littering habit is turning our communities into a rubbish holder. It is high time that we took joint effort to solve the rubbish problem. Otherwise, we will live with rubbish in the future.
P120
TASK2 关于动物的问题
是说现在有人用live animals 进行research.有人觉得cruel and unnecessary,有人认为是可以进行的for the interests of human. Discuss the two views (注意，这很重要) 题目很有代表性，如果比较爱看动物世界和探索类节目加上如果是半个动物保护主义者，肯定两方面都有话说。结构是典型的平衡型：开头，观点1，观点2，最后陈述自己的倾向。37分钟，400字。
Scientists use living animal to carry our research. Some people think it is interesting, while some other people think it is cruel. What do you think?
Concerning the issue whether scientists should the living animals for scientific research, people hold different views. Some people claim that it is cruel, while come other people argue that it is beneficial to the development of science. As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of carrying out experiments on animals.
Firstly, scientists can do initial experiments on animals to test the effect of new medicine. Scientists have to founded so many milestones on the way to medical development. But they can not find effective treatment to some diseases like cancer and AIDS, which are fatal to people?s health. Through experiments on animals, scientists can not only understand the pathology of some diseases, but also try the effect of medicine and find the most effective treatment to these diseases, making great breakthroughs in the field of medicine.
Secondly, using living animals in the laboratory, the teachers in the university or some research institutes can demonstrate the anatomic knowledge to the students majoring in medicine, rendering students a direct understanding of biological knowledge, which can improve the level of medical research and make great contributions to the medical science. Without experiments on living animals, genetic technology would not have developed so quickly. Actually, most scientists attribute their success and breakthroughs to experiments on animals.
Finally, Some animals can provide human beings with essential organs for transplantation. Genetic technology will change the genes of some animals. In the near future, organs of animals will take the place of artificial organs like heart pumps, prolonging patients? life.
However, researches on living animals face a moral problem because animals are also creatures in the nature, which possess equal rights as human beings. On second thoughts, it is worthwhile for the purpose to accelerate the development of science and the progress of human civilization. (299 words)
(March 2002, 广州真题)
P122 人们的生活变得压力越来越大
It is said that people?s life now is becoming more and more stressful. What are the causes and how to solve it?
The acceleration of industrialization and the prosperity of economy benefit our society a
great deal. But with the speeding up of economic development, people are facing more and more pressure from various aspects of their life. This essay will explore the causes for the heavy pressure and put forward some feasible solutions. (52 words)
One of the major causes is that people?s living rhythm has been promoted immensely with the upgrading of neo-knowledge and hi-tech. TO keep abreast with the society, people have to work intensively on the one hand improve their knowledge on the other. The economic globalization strengthened international cooperation and expand people?s scope of activity. The fierce social competition deprives people of their spare time and makes their life more stressful. (71 words)
Another factor comes from the pressure of people?s family. People in the current society have to shoulder the responsibility of family maintenance. On the one hand, people have t care for their parents, creating for them a happy and comfortable life. On the other hand, they have to give their children good education. To earn more money, people have to work very hard to finance their family. (67 words)
If people live in heavy pressure, they will have problems both physically and psychologically. To relieve the pressure, I think the following suggestions are feasible and practical. Firstly, people are suggested to go in for some sports games in their spare time or at the weekend. Sports can build up people?s physique and make them vigorous. Secondly, people should communicate with others frequently and confess their trouble and difficulty to others, which is a very magic way to release one?s pressure. Finally, people have to fine a balance between money and health. Otherwise, one?s health will be overdrawn and spoiled by money earning. (103 words)
In brief, good life should not be obtained at the price of the deterioration of one?s health. People should improve their living pattern and lead a life of high quality. (30 words) (323 words totally)
P124
老人生活在养老院好还是在家好
Should old man live with young people together or should they live in the clubs for old men? Please discuss.
With the development of society, we have stepped into an old-man world. Many countries and governments are much concerned about the situation confronting us, especially how old men can live a happy life. Under this circumstance, many old-man clubs bamboo up with the view to providing old men a better place to settle down. In my opinion, I think this is a good practice to solve old-man problem.
Firstly, many young people are quite busy now. They devote themselves wholly to their work and life, so that they cannot spare enough time to stay with their parents. Old-man
clubs can offer bounteous food and entertainment facilities to the old people, rendering them a happy life there. In the old-man clubs, they can also make some new companions and friends and establish good relation with them.
Secondly, with the acceleration of people?s living tempo, many young people are facing heavy pressure from the society, their work and families. If they live together with their parents, they will shoulder the responsibility to care for them and their pressure will become heavier and heavier. Old-man club relieves the heavy burden of them and makes them concentrate on their work fully.
Finally, old-man club can also give careful medical to the old people. If old men live with their family, they are not ensured to be sent to the hospital immediately after they get ill. In the old-man clubs, they can get good medical care and recover soon. However, everything has double folds. Sometimes, old people feel very lonely because they often think of their daughters, sons and grandchildren. They prefer family atmosphere.
To sum up, I think the appearance of old-man clubs is a good thing for old people. It provides the old people with a better environment. But old-man clubs are not a paradise definitely, which is a compromise to family intimation. (310 words totally)
P125
TASK 2 有人认为科学家在今后不再可能有什么科技
Scientific and technological advances are benefits in our daily life today. However, most of the scientists will no longer be able to find the solutions to the problems they have created. To what extent do you agree or disagree. Tell reasons.
1． New invention (computer phone etc) more and more change people live.
2． Will it bring some positive or negative effect?
3． Answer your questions with your relevant example of your experience
The development of science and technology makes our life more comfortable and convenient. However, scientists have created many problems, which are not easy to be resolved, such as air pollution, the deterioration of environment and the scarcity of natural resources, to which we must some solutions. Modern science and technology render people many advantages. Modern telecommunication shortens the distance between people and makes communication much easier. Internet is widely used now not only for collection of abundant information but also for correspondence. Email, the most effective communication device now, is becoming very popular. Besides, telephone and mobile phone make contact more convenient than before.
Modern transportation, such as airplanes and high-speed trains make our journey smooth and fast. With the help of modern transportation, people can go everywhere they prefer to. The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more. Rockets and space shuttles can help us realize the dream of space travel.
Modern medicine prolongs people?s life and relieves patients of sufferings from may diseases. Cancer and AIDS are fatal to people?s health. Thanks to the endeavors scientists have made, these diseases become treatable.
However, the process of scientific development also arouses many sever problems to our human beings. Internet, though widely used in modern communication, is easy to be destroyed computer virus. Outer space exploration has produced much waste in the space. A tiny metal, for example for destroy a flying man-made satellite. Industrialization is making resources scarce.
Confronted with these problems, scientists are seeking prompt and feasible solutions. The development of science and technology bring about both positive and negative effects to us. We must eliminate the positive effects to the least extent. (286 words)
P127
TASK 2 不会电脑就落后时代
The one who do not know how to use computer become more and more disadvantage. Show the disadvantages and what action should government take?
What disadvantages will people meet if they cannot use computers? What should our government do?
Computer plays a very important role in people?s work and life. We cannot imagine what our world would be like without computer. With the popularization of computer knowledge, computer is widely used in every aspect of people?s work and life. If a person cannot use computer, he will be confronted with a lot of trouble and difficulty.
Firstly, most machines and equipment are controlled by computer nowadays, for example, automobile industry, manufacturing, power station and even airplanes. If a person cannot use computer, he will have difficulty in operating machines. It is hard to imagine that a pilot can fly an airplane without intimate knowledge of computer. Without compute knowledge, people can not fit in with the rhythm of our society.
Secondly, people can acquire rich information on computer through Internet. Internet, which abounds in innumerable valuable information, Provides people with a lot of information about world events, arts, movies and the latest development of science and technology. If a person cannot use computer, he will be out of fashion and lag far behind the others.
Finally, computer plays a very important role in education. For instance, students have to revise their thesis when they are fulfilling their thesis. Without a computer, the revision
work will be tedious and frustration. In addition, students can study long-distance courses on computer through Internet, which can enlarge their knowledge.
Taking into account of the disadvantages motioned above, I think the government and the authorities concerned should popularize computer knowledge in primary schools and secondary schools, laying a solid foundation of computer knowledge for students. On the other hand, the society and the communities should organize some training courses for the people who cannot use computer. To sum up, the popularization of computer knowledge will not only benefit the people who cannot use computer but also the whole society. (318 words)
P128
TASK 2 老师要学生学会竞争还是合作
Sports encourage competition rather than cooperation. Therefore, sports should not be encouraged at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?
Sports enrich students? campus life and energize their physiques. Faced with immense pressure from work and study, more and more people begin to realize the importance of physical training. However, there is a heated debate over whether sports should be encouraged in school. As for me, I cannot see any contradiction between cooperation and competition.
On the one hand, competition is the driving force of social progress. Without exception, the development of athletics attributes mainly to the competition in sports. Competition, the motivation of athletic development , not only stimulates athletes? desire for winning a game, but also entertains the audience. If there is no competition in sports, NBA games, for instance, will not be that attractive and exciting.
On the other hand, competition is not the decisive factor to win a game. Some sports games such as football, basketball and boat racing require cooperation, and without which, some athletes and sports stars will not be so brilliant. The World Cup gives us a very convincing illustration. Soccer, an overwhelming team game in the world, implies both fantastic individual skills and good cooperation between the players. Therefore, sports can cultivate pupils? team spirit and strengthen unity of a class.
To sum up, competition does not result in hatred between rivalries as expected. On the contrary, it plays a very active role in the building-up of friendship and the relationship between the people from different races, religions, cultures and political backgrounds. Personally, I advocate the encouragement of sports at school because sports benefit students both physically and psychologically. (256 words)
P129 政府应该给艺术家们自由发挥和创作的空间
Creative artists should be given with freedom to express their ideas ( words, pictures, music?s and films. However some people think government should take some restriction with them to what extent do you agree or disagree this opinion. Give your reasons with own knowledge and give examples.
Creative artists always want to express their ideas in what they own ways freely, If the government needs no restriction on what they want? Agree or disagree
1. 文明：这是一种自由，现代社会是一个自由的社会，一个人只要用不违法的方式表达他
本人的想法并付诸实施就是自己的自由，而自由恰恰体现了一个国家的文明程度。
2．教育：艺术家们的自由发挥就是一种革新的意识，而革新意识正式现代人们所必须具备 的才能，通过艺术家们富有创造性的作品，能启发人们的革新意识和创新，这对教育人 们有莫大的帮助
3．经济和文化：政府和社会如果能给艺术家们一个自由发挥和创作的空间和氛围，这有利 于本国艺术的提高，更可以使艺术能成为一种新型的产业，不仅丰富了人们的精神生活还有利于本国经济的增长。（在这里要编一个理由，比如：根据一项调查表明，艺术市场越丰富和壮大的国家，他们的国内生产总值更高。反正这又不是些论文，没人要你写出自那篇调查报告）
当然，文章里还要提及一下适当的限制
就像a coin has its two sides. 过分的自由也会导致一些不良的后果和影响。
道德：如今一些艺术家只强调自己的创作，而不考虑社会和他人的利益，从而引发了一些社会问题，例如：在别人干净的墙上乱些乱划，写一些不顾后果的文章等等。对于这些，政府应该采取措施加以制止和引导。
P132
TASK 2 去国外工作
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad/working abroad for a period of time.
With the rapid development of society, we have entered an ear of information explosion. In order to acquire more knowledge, more and more people decide to further their study abroad. Studying abroad brings about many advantages. It widens students; knowledge and horizons, and meanwhile cultivates their independence and personalities.
Firstly, students can learn advanced knowledge and experience abroad. Since the reform and the policy of opening to the outside world, China has strengthened cooperation with many countries. As a result, the scientific and technological level has been improved very rapidly. However, compared with the developed countries in the world, we still have a very
long way to go. Studying abroad provides opportunities to students, who can learn advanced knowledge and management experience, so as to enhance the scientific level in our country.
Secondly, studying abroad can cultivate students? ability to live independently and their characters. Students have to deal with many problems when they study abroad. They have to learn how to be accustomed to a new environment and how to get along with the teachers and classmates. During their study, they can acquire some interpersonal skills.
Finally, studying abroad can provide a good language environment to students and make it easy to pock up a language. Foreign language is a tool employed to communicate with each other. It can remove language barrier and make international cooperation much easier.
However, “Every coin has its two sides”. Studying abroad also brings about many disadvantages. Firstly, students will be confronted with so many psychological problems. They often feel lonely and helpless in a new environment Furthermore, the tuition is very high, which is a very heavy financial burden to the average people.
To sum up, the advantages of studying abroad outweigh the disadvantages greatly. We encourage students study abroad. When they accomplish their curriculum, they can make more contributions to the construction of our society. (313 words)
P134
关于年轻女孩犯罪的问题，给出解决方案。
It is found by a survey that crime rate of young women is increasing. Please state out the possible reasons and solutions.
Young women crime has become more and more prevalent in recent years. What are the reasons for this and what can be done to combat it?
Firstly, along with the steady improvement of women?s social status, more and more females begin to work in the office rather than at home. This contact with outside world may inevitably give rise to pressure and anxiety among them. As is well known, mental problems have far-ranging effects on people?s behavior. In this case, some unbearable ones could possibly to unethical doing or even crime.
Secondly, crime is frequently connected to poverty. This is especially true for young women coming to big cities from the countryside or living at the bottom of society. In China-the country where I live, over the last twenty years, the gap of income between rich and poor has greatly widened. Those young women who are suffering from poverty, few opportunities and perhaps little education, are more likely to be tempted into a life of crime
as a shortcut to their dreams of leading decent lives.
Of course, it?s impossible for us to turn back the clock. Women who are fresh out of high school or colleges should learn by themselves to adapt to the social changes. Meanwhile, parents should spend more time communicating with their children, and give them helpful suggestions on how to deal with such psychological imbalance as peer pressure and pressure to success. On the other hand, the government has a lot more to do. The most important to two, among others, are to narrow the gap between rich and poor, and to offer everyone a reasonable education, as is the pathway to greater opportunities in the future.
These are just a few reasons and suggestions on the subject of young women crime and how it may be tackled. There are many other areas of debate that an essay of this length cannot discuss.
P136职业体育的收入过高
Is it fair that sports professionals earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Give both sides reasons of the argument and give hour opinion.
Should athletes have a high salary?
Sample 1
The 27th World Football Cup has concluded. People around the world enjoy great fun from the excellent performance of the football players. But meanwhile, a new issue arises. Should athletes have a high salary? From my point of view, I think they should get a good pay.
Firstly, the development of athletic level represents for the power of a country. Athletes make great contributions to the society and earn great glories to their country. When our national anthem is played in the stadium, we feel very proud of our country's strength. Therefore, a high salary is a reward to the efforts athletes make.
Secondly, athletes devote themselves fully to the training and exercises. Every day, they do a lot of exercises with a view to setting new record in the sports games. Athletes are apt to be hurt in the matches, because some sports games are dangerous, for example, football, boxing and WuShu. High pay guarantees prompt and good medical care if they get hurt.
Thirdly, the athletic career is very short. Many athletes retire when they are still quite
young. High salary can ensure that they can have a better life after they retire. If they want a further study, they will have no financial burdens.
However, we have also noticed that some athletes cheat the referees and spectators in order to get money. Some of them even bribe the judges and referees. The government must take some measures to prohibit this kind of corruption.
To sum up, it is reasonable for athletes to get high salary, because they are worth of it. (265 words totally)
Sample 2
Salaries should reflect people?s dedication and job responsibilities. However, sports figures, who don?t benefit the community in general, earn millions of dollars each. In my opinion this is wrong. Things should be done to change this situation.
If we take the example of a sport star such as Tyson, it is hard for us to say in what way he benefits the society. In fact, his disobeying game rules sets a bad example for young people, and his abandoned behavior encourages people to experiment with sex and
violence. Besides, his job does not require special skills or years of training and education. Although he can entertain and excite audience, I do not think he is justified to receive so much money and his job can be considered essential.
On the other hand, most people in ?ordinary? professions like nurses, doctors and teachers earn only a small fraction of the income of these “stars”. However, if we give a careful look at these professions, we will find that they not only require special skills and years of education but also help the people and the whole society. For instance, teachers
disseminate knowledge to the society; doctors and nurses give patients good medical care and prolong their life. They are much more useful, and actually more essential to society than sports personalities. Without these ?ordinary? professions, our society would stop progressing. Their salaries should relate to skill, education or the value of the individual to society.
Things should be done to make salaries fairer. Huge amounts of money shall be given to more deserving people. It seems that the only solution is to impose heavy taxes upon people who earn excessively high salaries. (281 words)
P136
各国文化差异逐步变小，出不出国没有多大的意义
The culture of different countries are becoming similar so there is no point for people to go traveling abroad they could have same experience at home
Agree or disagree
Progress in communication and transport technology during the 20th century has enabled us to overcome geographical boundaries and revolutionize our way of living. The world is now linked to such an extent that a local happening cannot take place without impacting on the international community and vice versa. It is not surprising to find that the great differences between countries, which used to be exist in almost every sphere of people's life, have become less obvious. Nowadays we Chinese are sharing the same Hollywood movie as the American, enjoying the same fashionable clothes as the young girls in Paris and even chasing after the same brands as the people all over the world.
Now that American films can be easily accessed to, it goes without saying that people in other countries can have more opportunities to know more about the American culture since films are frequently referred to as the carrier of a particular culture. Thus, some people welcome these decreasing differences among countries without any reservations in the wish to see a better chance to link the cultures among individual countries, which appear to be the greatest merit stemming from it.
But pause and reflect. This kind of chance for communication may not seem so surprising after considering some disheartening facts indicating that the potential demerits may well outweigh the relatively weak merits. To be exact, globalization, in its powerful extension of market principles, by highlighting the culture of economically powerful nations, has
created new forms of inequality. Just look at several figures you'll have a more clear idea on this point: 90% of the world's languages are not represented on the Internet; Some 5 countries monopolize the world cultural industries trade and in the field of cinema, for instance, 88 countries out of 185 in the world have never had their own film production.
Therefore, it has understandably ignited severe anxiety and confrontation in almost every comparatively powerless country, thereby fostering cultural conflict rather than cultural pluralism.
In a nutshell, this phenomenon, in some sense, depicts what is called "cultural hegemony" by some sociologists and thus contains several disquieting factors which will inexorably destroy the naive wish of some people about a better world where communication are much more easily to handle.
P137
英语的普及是否影响其它语言
Will the popularity of English and tourism harm the minorities and minor languages?
Economic globalization benefits the world immensely, especially the prosperity of tourism. As a result, the cultures, languages and customs in the minorities are not mysterious to the world any more, which should be attributed to the popularity of tourism. (39 words)
It is a consensus that tourism can stimulate the economic development in a region, since tourism plays an important role in the acceleration of the improvement of service, such as transportation, accommodation, catering and other marginal business. With a view to attracting more tourists, the minority regions have to consider how to improve their image and service, during the course of which they can have an overall plan to promote the status of their region. Nowadays, many people travel for minority regions to satisfy their curiosity, where they can have unexpected findings. (92)
Furthermore, tourism can strengthen the interflow of cultures can traditions between the people in different regions. Trips to minority countries and regions render people a lot of new cultures and customs, which, presumably, have been handed down from old ages and enjoyed very splendid history. Formerly, people can only get some segments about
the minorities from videos, films and other incomplete descriptions on books. Now,
tourists have more opportunities to communicate or even live with the minority people and acquire first-hand knowledge about them, which provides the researchers with a lot of authentic information. (94 words)
Admittedly, tourism damages the natural environment in some minority regions and spoils the peaceful life of them to some degree due to their frequent activities in the minority regions, the environment being deteriorated in some regions, which is not what we expected/(42)
Generally, the popularity of English and tourism brings more advantages than damage to the minority regions, since it has enriched people?s knowledge and widened their horizons. But meanwhile, we should be on the alert for the damage to the minority regions and take effective means to tackle the problems tourism arouses. (49 words) (316 words totally)
P140 学生的态度引起的问题
Many schools have the severe problems with the students? behaviors. What are the causes of it? What are the solutions?
原因：
一．学校的治安状况不尽人意，不能及时制止学生的一些不良行为，导致暴力事件的发生
二．暴力电影看太多，影响了他们对社会的看法
三．学生的心理素质发展不够全面，不能及时地合理地解决好出现的问题。
办法：
1． 校方应大力宣扬健康生活，限制校园里的暴力电影的播出；
2． 学校也应该加强教育，灌输正确的世界观，指导学生参加学校的健康活动；
3． 多举办激发学生学习动力和发展他们个人爱好的活动；
School violence becomes very protrusive in many countries, most of which are
caused by the irrational attitudes of students. The school authorities have shown great
concerns about the young trouble-makers in schools. From my point of view, these
problems are aroused by three factors, the development of society, the influence of family and media and the weakness of school education.
The rapid development of the society offers more opportunities for the young
students to contact the outside world. Due to the lack of social experience, some
youngsters are not capable of distinguishing right from wrong. Curiosity drivers them into imitation what they see on TNV or from the people around them. Therefore, it is easy for them to be addicted to alcohol, smoking and drugs. Some students even smoke and take drugs at school.
Family violence is another major factor causing problems in schools. Family violence hurt children both physically and psychologically. Physically, family violence will hurt their tender body because children are still in the stage of development. Psychologically,
physical punishment will hurt children?s self-confidence and make them have a tendency of violence. Recently, school gunshots hit the headlines frequently, which should partly attribute to family violence.
Finally, the weakness of school education is anther factor carousing school
problems. Some schools only stress students? achievements in their study, neglecting their moral education. Therefore, even some top students are apt to stride on the criminal road.
To solve these problems, I think we should take the following measures. Firstly, schools should strengthen students? moral education, giving them correct directions and cultivating their ability to tell right from wrong. Secondly, parents should spare some time to communicate with their children, resolving difficulties and troubles for them timely. If the school and family can join hands in solving these problems, I think the students will
develop healthily and the environment in schools will become much clearer. (306 words)
P143
现代经济依赖妇女出去工作，政府是否应该给他们提供免费的facilities and staff.
More and more women got out to work. It is responsibility of government to provide staff and facilities for children of working mother, free of charge. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
After a long, bitter struggle, women now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. More and more educated women go out to work graduation. The achievement they have made in almost every field is spectacular. But no matter which kind of occupation they go into or how hard those works are most of them at the same time are engaged with another labor some work, that is, bearing and rearing children. All of these things could have put men to shame who cling to their supremacy and always moan about the work pressure. However they are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It is about time the government done something about it. Many sociologists present their views on this issue and give a lot of practical advice. The most practical one among them, from my point of view, is to provide staff and facilities for children of working mother by government, free of charge.
There are least two obvious advantages of this policy. First if all, it will disengage women from the time consuming work of rearing and educating children and give them a chance to enjoy life equally as men do. Just take a look at the wrinkles on the faces of your mother and wife and hoary hair as well. They could have been more beautiful and stylish but for years of hard work as a mother of three or four.
Secondly, it?s better for children to be brought up in group instead of individually. For instance, those children brought up in group will be excellent in social activities and are naturally good at getting along with others. In addition, the professional staff who have years of nursing education can take better care of the children by contract with their young parents lack of experience.
To sum up, this is surely a long-sighted policy. Not only women but also children are its beneficiaries. And perhaps the great contribution of it is the spirit of equality between sexes we encourage. (320 words)
More and more women go out to work. Is it the government?s responsibility to subsidize them and provide free staff and facilities to care for their children? To what extent do you agree or disagree to this idea?
The rapid development of economy and society results in the significant improvement of women?s social status. More and more women, confined to baby-sitting and chores previously, have stepped out of their family and become career women. But of the meantime, career women are confronted with considerable nuisances, one of which is baby caring. (53 words)
Women?s participation in the employment contributes a great deal to the society. Thanks to women?s patience, warmth and carefulness, most women are employed as secretaries, nurses, consultants and baby sitters. But due to the pressure form work and family, they cannot concentrate themselves fully on their work. Some countries and governments
adopted some active measures to resolve the contradiction, such as the policy of feasible working time, which renders women some freedom. However, this is not a radical solution (79 words)
From my point of view, the government should subsidize women in baby caring and
provide charge –free facilities and working staff to relieve women of their pressure. On the one hand, women can focus themselves on their work and study, with no distraction from their family and children. In return, factories and companies can benefit a lot from the practice of subsidiary, which exempts them from the losses caused by female absentees. On the other hand, children enjoy the right of education. Many countries give priority to children?s education, providing children with free elementary schooling, which not only popularizes knowledge, but also cultivates skilled talent for the society. Besides, the United Nations have issued relevant laws and regulation with a view to protecting children?s educational right .(125 words)
To sum up, a government should spare n efforts to relieve women of their burden and shoulder the responsibility of children?s education, which is not only a government?s obligation, but also people?s appeal. (33 words) (290 words)
P145 男女是否应该一起学习
V95男女分校的利弊: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of segregated schools. Image being asked to spend twelve or so year of years of your life in a society that consisted only of members of your own sex. How would your react? Unless these was something definitely wrong with you, you wouldn?t be too happy about it, to say the least. But the fact is that segregated school shoot up very rapidly around the world, furthermore, so many parents choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children-conditions which they themselves wouldn?t put up with for one minute>
Many sociologists and educationalists present their views on this issue from both sides. Those advocates do segregated schools argue that children form segregated schools have greater achievements academically. socially in athletic and have greater
self-confidence. Further, there are many more practical advantages in segregated schools such as administration. Adolescent problems can be dealt with better and more easily. Lastly in many countries, the most famous schools are segregated. It is a wonderful proof of their worth.
On the other side, those advocates of co-education point out that any discussion of this topic is bound to question the education. One of the chief aims of education is equip future with all they require to take their places in adult society which is made up of men and women. When segregated, boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation only be in for a shock. Segregated schools sometimes provide the right condition for sexual deviation and make children lack of healthy attitude to life that co-education encourages.
To sum up, every coin has double sides but from my point of view, I believe that though segregated schools have successfully existed for centuries it is about time somebody exploded that hoary old myth about segregated schools being the better place for your children.(290 words)
缺点：
1． 经济：男女分校，是一种资源的浪费，浪费了空间和教资力量。这是一种经济上的浪费。
2． 情感＋交流：男女同校更有利于学生情感的培养，相对与男女分校的学生，他们更能与
同年龄的异性交流。
3． 效率：根据一项调查，男女同校的学生学习的效率很好（编造）
4． 不适合将来的社会，因为社会是男女共同的社会
5． 不同性别之间的思想交流有益学习
6． 有助于学生身心的发展，特别是青春期的心理
7． 刻意扼杀，反而适得其反
优点：
1． 方便：男女分校在处理各自问题的时候，更加方便，没有性别的障碍。
2． 避免早恋的出现
3． 更能详细系统的分课程教学
4． 女孩子有可能受到欺负
5． 有利于教学管理
P148
不同的工作和假期
Some people say that people should have different amount of holiday according to their job. To what extent do you agree or disagree to this opinion?
The development of industrialization and the amazing improvement of working efficiency render people more chances to enjoy holidays in the current society. Suppose you are making a trip to a place totally strange to you, the first thing you do is to find yourself
accommodation and lodging. But you will fell disappointed the moment you arrive with the situation that all the hotels, restaurants, stores and even banks are closed because of an important holiday, such as Christmas day or Thanksgiving. At this moment, you are in the same boat as Robinson Crusoe, who was abandoned on a lonely island without any help or hope.(107 words)
To erase the embarrassment, some corporations and government work out some flexible and feasible holiday policies, providing people with convenience. Shifting is often adopted by factories and manufacturers because it guarantees timely fulfillment of production targets and orders on the one hand and gives employees sufficient time for relaxation on
the other. If needed, employees have to work overtime, with a bonus as a compensation for the holiday they missed. (70 words)
For banks and other public services, things are quite different. Holidays are prime time for supermarkets, department stores, restaurants and retailers. Some people like holding parties or having feasts with their friends at the weekend, and other people prefer to go shopping in department stores, which will take great profits to merchandisers. With large amounts of cash flow, banks must keep open from Monday to Sunday.(65 words)
Teachers enjoy very long holidays during an academy year because they can prepare their lectures and lessons for the new semester and relax themselves in the holiday. Long holidays are not only beneficial to teachers? health but also to the students. (41 words) Considering the different characteristics of people?s employments, I think that different people should have different amounts of holidays. At the first sight, this idea sounds unfair. But on second thoughts, it is reasonable and understandable. (37 words) (319 words totally)
P149
关于电视对人们生活的影响
Television is dangerous because it destroy the family living and community. Some people said that it absorb peoples? time too much so that they have on time to talk about each other. In how extent do you agree or disagree, give your opinion.
Some people think TV destroys the family life and any sense of community. People don?t go to visit people or talk to the family. They just watch TV. Do you agree or disagree with this?
It is generally agreed that TV can benefit its audience. this is not to say that watching TV programs is of no disadvantages for us; in fact, TV programs have caused a lot of troubles us. But there no doubt that TV is playing an increasingly important role in our life. For instance, TV can keep us informed, can be instructive, and can be entertaining.
TV exists to inform its audience. A lot of TV programs expose us to the things that we have never thought of or heard of. For example, by watching TV, we can follow the latest developments in science, politics, and sports. The news broadcasted by BBC, the world largest broadcasting company, informs us of the latest technical breakthroughs and the current political affairs; TV provides live broadcasts of important matches, allowing us to know the newest results of football leagues in every country. By watching TV, people across the world are no longer distant and isolated from each other, and the most distant countries and strangest customs are brought right into one?s living room.
In addition to its informing effect, TV can also be instructive. This is especially true in view of the enormous educational opportunities TV provides. Via closed-circuit televisions, or through public televisions, TV provides special broadcasts of educational programs such as language teaching, sewing, cooking, painting, and cosmetics for those who are
interested. The educational function of TV is one of the factors that make it increasingly popular.
TV is not only informing and instructive but also entertaining. Undoubtedly, TV is the most appropriate source by which we are looking for entertainments. If one is a music fun, he or she can stay at home and watch a lot of free musical performances on TV; if one is interested in celebrities, he or she can watch the late-night shows on TV and have a “visual dating” with his or her idols. The entertaining effect of TV is another factor that adds to its popularity.
The informing, instructive, and entertaining effects of TV make this broadcasting means increasingly popular. But, for your good, don?t fall in love with TV as watching it can often be a waste of time.
电视在现代社会得角色
Does television play a positive or negative role in the modern world?
Arguments
1. Television is now playing a very important part in our lives.
2. Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively
cheap one.
3. Television keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.
4. A lot of television programmers introduce people to things they have never thought or heard of before.
5. Television has been good company to those who do not work, like housewives, lonely old people, etc.
6. Television provides enormous possibilities for education, like school programmes via closed-circuit television.
7. Television provides special broadcasts for those in TV university, or open university. It also offers specialized subjects like language teaching, sewing, cooking, painting, cosmetics, etc.
8. Television does the job of education in the broadest sense. Instructive programmers achieve their goal through entertaining the viewers.
9. Compared with the radio, everything on television is more lifelike, vivid, and real.
10. Television may be a vital factor in holding a family together where there are, for example, economic problems and husband and wife seem at breaking point.
Counter-arguments
1. Television is a great time-waster.
2. Television makes the viewer completely passive because everything is presented
to him without any effort on his part.
3. Television is to blame for the fact that children take longer to learn to read these
days and barely see the point at all of acquiring the skill.
4. Television takes up too much of our time. We no longer have enough time for
hobbies, entertaining activities, and other outside amusements like theaters,
cinemas, sports, etc.
5. People rush home, gulp their food, which is often as simple as sandwich and a
glass of beer, and start watching the TV programs.
6. The monster, i.e. television, demands absolute silence and attention. No one
dares to open his mouth during a program.
7. People have grown addicted to television, often neglecting the necessary and
more important things like meals, sleep and even work.
8. A lot of parents use television as a pacifier for their children. They put their
children in front of the set and don?t care whether the children are exposed to rubbishy commercials or spectacles of violence as long as the children are quiet.
9. What the viewer receives from television is nothing but second-hard experience.
He is completely cut off from the real world.
10. Television prevents peoples from communicating with each other. It has done a
lot of harm to the relationship between family members.
P152
关于动物的保护问题
When it comes to discuss how to treat animals, different people may have different answer due to their respective point of view. Some people think that animals are the source of food and clothes, but other people argue that it is cruel and human beings should treat animals like pets and friends. Carefully consideration leads me to believe that both opinions seem to be reasonable but cannot without its defects.
People who think animals should be treated as pets argue that human beings and animals are all the essential part of natural. They can not live without each other. It must be taken some serious problem if human beings kill amount of animals as source of foods and clothes. Many animals will border on extinction and then the earth?s ecological system can?t maintain the balance.
In addition, animals take a lot of convenience to human and make our life more colorful. For example, dog help people to detect crime, such as battle against drug. Some people keep animals as pets and pets became their companions, which is
especially important for people who live alone. Some pets such as cats and dogs can give us a lot of funny when we played with them.
On the contrary, some people regard animals as source of food and clothes. They think people must absorb the necessary nutrition through eating meat. For example, chicken contain a lot of protein. People can not live without meat unless they are vegetarian. Besides that, some animals like sheep are suit to make clothes. The
woolen clothes can keep people warm. People can cut the wool to make clothes and no need to kill the sheep.
In my opinion, both opinions have its own defect and the key point is that we should treat animals in moderate way. We should protect some animals which are bordering an extinction. On the whole, for the animals suitable for cloth-making, who are easily proliferated, people do not need to feel guilty of slaughtering them.