应用文类作文结构
?四级写作目前考过的应用类作文包括：建议信、投诉信、竞选演说词、景点介绍和海报，另外，拒绝信、求职信、申请信、祝贺信、倡议书等校园生活中常涉及的应用文体也在大纲的考察非为内。下面列举10种易考的应用类作文结构：
?1） 建议信结构公式
? 右上角：日期
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：交代建议针对的背景时间，说明写信的目的；针对该事件提出建议，引出对建议的具体阐述。
? 第二段：具体阐述自己的建议并说明理由。
? 第三段：表达良好的祝愿和期望。
? 右下脚：署名
?范文： A Letter to a Schoolmate
? June 20,2001
?Dear Xiao Wang,
? I am very glad to learn that you will visit me soon. Here I am writing to give you my advice about the arrangement for your coming holiday in Hangzhou.
? In my opinion, West Lake should certainly be your first destination since it is such a famous and beautiful place. Then, I suggest you go to Lingyin Temple, Luhe Tower and Yuewang Shrine. Besides, if you have time, Qiandao Lake is also a good site you could not miss. Of course, besides visiting the interest of places, you should taste the local flavor snacks of Hangzhou, like small steamed buns and West Lake Vinegared fish. Finally, I must remind you that you should not leave your belongings unattended since there are so many people on the train and at the railway station.
? I am sure you will enjoy your visit in Hangzhou. If you have any questions or requirements, do not hesitate to tell me. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
? Truly yours,
? Wang Fang
?2） 投诉信结构公式
? 右上角：日期
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：表明自己的身份，写信的目的，因何事投诉何人或机构。
? 第二段：具体阐述投诉的内容和投诉的理由。
? 第三段：提出解决建议并期望尽快解决，表示感谢。
? 右下脚：署名
?范文： A letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus
? Dec.20,2002
?Dear President,
? My name is Li Ming. I am a junior form the Civil Engineering School. I venture to write you a letter to make a complaint about the canteen service or your school.
? The focus of the complaint if the poor quality and high price of the food. On one hand, the rice is very hard, the steam bread is often cold, and the vegetables are always overcooked. On the other hand,
the price of the food is so high that many poor students are burdened heavily. Under these circumstances, I find it impossible for us students to fully concentrate on the study and enjoy the campus life.
? I will be very obliged if you can consider my compliant seriously, I do hope the service of the canteen will be much improved as soon as possible. Thank you for your time and kind consideration. ? Sincerely yours,
? Li Ming
?3 ）拒绝信结构公式
? 右上角：日期
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：交代写信目的，委婉表达自己对邀请、请求等的拒绝，并向对方表示谢意。 ? 第二段：具体阐述拒绝对方的理由。
? 第三段：希望不会给对方带来不便，向对方表示抱歉和祝愿。
? 右下脚：署名
?范文：A Letter Declining a Job Offer
? Jan.12,2008
?Dear Mr. Wang,
? I am very sorry to tell you that I have to decline your job offer. To be honest, it would be a very good chance for me to work in your company. However, the current situation doesn’t allow me to do this.
? This has been a difficult decision for me, but I have to do this. On one hand, I have accepted another job offer before you informed me your decision, which is more in line with my skills and career goals. On the other hand, two hours’ commute to your building is really a burden on me. On account of all these, you can understand why I could not accept your offer.
? I hope this does not cause you too much inconvenience. Anyway, I do appreciate your kindness to discuss the details of the position with me and give me time to consider your offer. Meanwhile, I wish that your company would find a more suitable talent as soon as possible. ? Sincerely yours, ? Jane
?4）求职信结构公式
?右上角：日期
?左上角：称呼
?正文：第一段：交代写信目的，申请某职位，说明获得招聘信息的来源，表达申请职位的愿望。
?第二段：介绍自己的学习经历、能力和特长，证明自己能够胜任工作。
?第三段：感谢对方抽出时间和经历，随信附有自己的简历，并愿意提供进一步的信息，希望等到面试的机会。
?右下脚：署名
?范文：A Job Application Letter
? June 20, 2003 ?To whom it may concern,
? I am writing to apply for the post of engineer advertised in China Daily, I believe my qualifications are ideal match of your requirements.
? I will graduate on July 1 of this year form Dongbei University. My major in mechanical
engineering and my training in this aspect definitely meet your requirements. In addition to learning the required courses, I have also accepted training in Professional Training Program at spare time. What’s more, I have been an intern student in several companies related to my major, which provided me a great deal of experience in computer applications. I believe my training and experience will enable me to perform better than other candidates who are lack of working experience.
? I would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me. I will be very grateful if you can give me a personal interview at your convenience.
? Sincerely yours, ? Li Hua
?5）邀请信结构公式
?右上角：日期
?左上角：称呼
?正文：第一段：交代写信目的，邀请某人参加某项活动，说明活动的时间和地点，正式向对方那个发出邀请。
?第二段：介绍事件的具体安排和对方接受邀请的必要性。
?第三段：希望对方能够接受邀请，期望对方的尽快答复。
?右下脚：署名
?范文： An Invitation Letter
? June 15, 2008 ?Dear Li Liang,
? This June 30th I am going to graduate, so I am going to hold a party on Saturday evening in my house. It would be pleasant to have you here.
? So interesting will the party be that you can’t afford to miss it. For one thing, we can have a big meal, sing the popular songs and play games. For another, it also provides a good opportunity for you to meet many friends that you haven’t seen for a long time.
? What an important thing it is to get your participation! First, you are my best friend and bring home to me many things. Second, we haven’t seen each other for quite a long time and I am eager to see you. The party would not be complete without you!
? The party will begin at 7:30p.m. Is it possible for us to see you at 7:00 on Saturday evening in my house> I do hope you can come.
? Sincerely yours, ? Sun Li
?6） 道歉信结构公式
? 右上角：日期
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：交代写信目的，因某事想某人道歉，恳请对方接受自己的歉意。 ? 第二段：向对方解释导致自己所犯过失或错误的原因。
? 第三段：希望能够得到对方的理解和原谅，希望有机会不久，并提出不久措施。 ? 右下脚：署名
? 范文： An apology Letter
? Jan.24, 2009 ? Dear Mary,
? I am excessively sorry for my absence yesterday when you come to see me during your trip.
Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret. Please accept my sincere apology with gratitude.
? I hope you will understand me and excuse me for my absence. The reason for my absence was that I had an engagement with some friends and, ignorant of your visit, accompanied them to the cinema. Besides, not until 9 o’clock in the evening did I come back. Therefore, it is not in my power to arrange time to meet you.
? Naturally, I hope you won’t leave the city this week so that I can call on you. I shall be obliged if you will kindly tell me when and where you are at convenient. In that case I can take you to some places that may interest you. I hope to see you soon.
? Sincerely yours, ? Li Ming
?7）倡议书结构公式
? 右上角：日期
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：交代写信目的，倡议的人群和倡议的主题。
? 第二段：介绍倡议针对对象的具体情况和倡议的具体内容（如捐钱、捐物）。
? 第三段：提供联系方式，再次发出倡议，呼吁大家参与，并表示感谢。
? 右下脚：署名
?范文： Your Help Needed
? Nov.15,2008 ?Dear fellow students,
? I am writing this letter to call on all the students in our university to do something for Li Ping, one of our schoolmates, who is suffering from the serious disease.
? As some of you may know, Li Ping is one of the freshmen the English Department. She is longing for the bright future like you and me . Unfortunately, last month, she was struck by Leukemia. Now she is hospitalized and in a serious condition. What is worse, Li Ping comes from a poor village family and it is impossible for her family to raise such a large sum of money in such pressing time. ? As you see, now Li Ping is in great need of financial aid and daily caring. So it is high time for you to extend your helping hands to her. If you would like to provide your love and care to Li Ping, especially in the form of donation, please call at 12345678 or 23456789 at any time.
? Thank you!
? Sincerely yours, ? The Student Union
?8） 海报结构公式
? 标题：活动主题或直接用poster
? 正文：第一段：概括引出活动，交代活动主办单位、活动的时间和地点。
? 第二段：阐述活动的主要目的和具体安排。
? 第三段：说明参加活动的条件和方式，交代联系或咨询方式，呼吁大家踊跃参与。 ? 右下角：落款写主办单位名称。
?范文：Volunteers Needed
? The Student Union of our university will organize a volunteer activity to the rural areas during the summer holidays. No we are recruiting the volunteers.
? This activity aims to help the children in rural areas improve their computer and English level, and meanwhile provide a platform for our college students to show and prove abilities. It is planed to
begin on July 5th and last 10 days. The volunteers will be assigned to different country primary schools to teach children how to use the computer and how to learn English well. ? Any student who is good at English and computer is warmly welcomed. Those interested are expected to come to the office of the Student Union to fill in an application form before July 1st. Please call62511123 for further information. We are looking forward to your active participation. ? The Students’ Union
?9）竞选演说词结构公式
? 左上角：称呼
? 正文：第一段：表达自己的喜悦和荣幸之情，简要介绍自己，表明自己要竞选职位。 ? 第二段：说明自己具备的条件和优势，证明自己能够胜任。
? 第三段：承诺当选后会采取哪些措施，表明自己的决心，左后想听众表达祝愿和感谢。
?范文： A Campaign Speech
?Ladies and gentlemen,
? I am Wang Lin from the Computer Science Department, and I am honored to stand here to give my speech. I will show you that I am the best candidate to the post of Chairman of the Students’ union.
? I have gained a lot of experience and received wide praise from my classmates for my job as the monitor. Moreover, I am warm-hearted and always ready to help others. Besides, I am good at organizing activities and have experience in holding contests and sports meetings.
? Looking into the future, I will try my best to serve my fellow students if I am lucky enough to be the president of the Students’ Union. On one hand, I will organize more activities to color our campus life. On the other hand, I’ll reform the Student Union, changing it from a problem-solving one into a service-providing one. And more channels will be opened for our students to voice opinions and needs.
? I, Wang Lin, am worth your trust. Don’t hesitate to vote for me. Thank you!
?10 ）景点介绍机构公式
? 左上角： 称呼
? 正文：第一段：向大家表示欢迎，简要介绍自己的身份和任务，并表达自己的喜悦和荣幸之情。
? 第二段：具体介绍景点的内容和特点以及具体的行程安排。
? 第三段：提醒相关注意事项，并表示如有疑问欢迎咨询。祝愿大家玩得愉快，感谢大家的倾听。
?范文： A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction
?Ladies and gentlemen,
? Welcome to China and thank you for your trusting our travel agency. I am Lisa. It’s my pleasure to be your guide. ?The following is the schedule of the day. In the morning, the first spot we are going to visit is the Great Wall, the grandest fortification in ancient China. Then I will take you to the Ming Tombs, which is one of the best-preserved tombs in China and the last home for 13 emperors in Ming Dynasty. In the afternoon, we will go to the Summer Place, the royal park for ancient Chinese emperors. That’s the end of our visiting of today.
? By the way, please bring a plastic bag with you to hold the rubbish you make so as to protect our environment. If any of you have questions, please feel free to ask me at any time. I hope that you will enjoy your day. Thank you very much for your attention.