一：句与词
1，过渡词
1.to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
2.to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
3.first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
4.most important of all, moreover, finally
5.on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
6.for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
2，结尾
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that?
把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论?
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that?
考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论?
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that?
因此,我们最好得出这样的结论?
All in all, we cannot live without? But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之,我们没有?是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题. 综合运用
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that?.
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.
然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to?.
随着社会的发展，人们开始关注????
As to whether it is worthwhile ?.., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不
同的观点。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma. 在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that?. 最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
?? plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?” _______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：“我们该如何抉择？”
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
At present, some people think ?.while others claim ?Both sides have their merits. 目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。 Just as the saying goes: “so many people, so many minds”. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.
俗话说，“...”。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that? 万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it. 那些从中受益的人对此大加褒奖。
几个例句：
1）Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of every day life. ??能让我们的生活更美好，也就是说，??可以给我们枯燥的生活带来色彩
2）For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment 对于很多人来说，学习一门新技术占据了他们的生活和充实了他们的生活。
3）??, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom. ??占据了某人大部分时间，使得某人没空想东想西（充实了某人生活）
4）What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work. 住校为学生省去了不少时间，这样学生可以把更多的时间用在学习上
5）Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.
一点一滴，这样做可以丰富我们的知识和拓宽我们的视野
6）For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.对于想过一种有意义的人来说，抽空学习一门新技术很重要
7）The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.兼职可以让学生们学习个人技巧，这样可以在找工作时更有竞争力
8）By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.学生不仅可以提高学习成绩，还可以获得在课本上学不到的工作经验
9）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.
10）1Sth can produce positive effects on ?in more than one way.什么东西可带来好影响
2Sth may bring about negative impacts on ?什么东西可带来不好的影响
11） Nowadays with the rapid development of advanced ??., more and more?.. are commonly and widely used in everyday life.(讲重要性)
12）The popularity of digital ?will have great influence on our work, study and everyday life. On the one hand ?, But on the other hand.（讲影响）
13）To conclude, ?..are just like a double-edged sword. With them we may have less trouble dealing with problems in life and enjoy a better-off life. However, one point should be kept in mind that we should take sensible use of them , always being the master of them.（结尾段）
二：文章结构
一、对比观点题型
（1）要求论述两个对立己的看法。
The topic of ①_________________（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②_________________（支持A的理由一）What is more,
③_____________理由二）. Moreover, ④_______________（理由三）.
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,_________________（支持B的理由一）. Secondly （besides）,⑥
__________________（理由二）. Thirdly （finally）,⑦__________________（理由三）. From my point of view, I think ⑧________________（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨____________________（原因）. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
二、阐述主题题型
阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义分析并举例使其更充实．
The good old proverb ________________（名言或谚语）reminds us that ________________（释义）. Indeed, we can learn many things form it.
First of all,_________________（理由一）. For example, ___________________（举例说明）. Secondly,________________（理由二）. Another case is that _______________（举例说明）. Furthermore , __________________（理由三）．
In my opinion, ________________（我的观点）. In short, whatever you do, please remember the say______A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
三、议论文的框架
（1）不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more _______
（2）利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play,
and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
（ 3 ） 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
（4） 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （ also theoretically ）
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
四、图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table（graph/picture/pie/chart）, ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease （goesup/increases/drops/decreases）,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are .
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well_grounded.
五、Hot Issue型
With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem that ______________ (主题问题). Accordingly, _______________________________ (伴随主题问题出现的新问题) is becoming more and more serious.
Confronted with ___________________________ (主题问题), we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ____________________ (解决方法1). For another, _________________________ (解决方法2). Finally, ____________________________ (解决方法3).
As far as I am concerned, the best way out is _____________ (解决方法3). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because __ __________________ (解决方法3的优点和好处).
六、利弊型
Nowadays many people prefer __________ (主题) because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. On the one hand, ________________ (主题的优点1). On the other hand, ___________________ (主题的优点2).
But everything can be divided into two. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvant
ages is that ___________________ (主题的缺点1). To make matters worse, __________________________ (主题的缺点2).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, ________ (主题) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.