人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结
Unti1 what’s the matter?
短语归纳
1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下
3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one ’s temperature 量体温
5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧
7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想
9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院
11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的
13.thanks to多亏于；由于 14.in time及时
15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病
17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情
19.fall down 摔倒 20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上
21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣
23.be used to 习惯于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战
25.lose one’s life 失去生命 26.because of 因为
27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除
29.get out of 从...出来 30.make a decision/decisions 做决定
31.be in control of 掌管；管理 32.give up 放弃
用法归纳
1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事
3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事
5.agree to do sth 同意做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事
11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事
13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事
语法点
1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法
2.情态动词should的用法
3.不定代词的用法
精细解读
1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？
What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever发烧 have a cough咳嗽
have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼
3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+形容词或副词，意为太。。。，too much+不可数名词，意为太多。。。。
5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。
good enough足够好，enough money足够的钱
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
8. sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事agree to do ，同意某人的看法、观点agree with sb。
12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble 陷入困境，make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 。
13. right away=right now=at once，意为 立刻，马上 。
14. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
16. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
17. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定
18. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control无法控制，无法管理
重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
用在某些固定短语当中。
如： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.
hurt oneself摔伤自己
say to oneself自言自语
leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
【练习】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by_________ .
5. Help __________to some beef, boys.
6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.
7. We can finish our homework by_________ .
8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.
9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?
10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks
短语归纳
1.clean up 打扫干净 2.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋起来
3.give out 分发 4. used to 曾经......；过去........
5.give away 赠送；捐赠 6.set up 建立；设立
7.make a difference有作为 8.come up with 想出
9.put off 推迟 10.put up 张贴
11.call up 打电话给 12.help out 帮助.....摆脱困难
13.care for 照顾；照看 14.give up 放弃
15.try out for 参加选拔 16.come true 实现
17.run out of 用光 18.take after 与.....相像
19.fix up 修理 20.be similiar to 与......相似
用法归纳
1.need to do sth 需要做某事 2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事
3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事
4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 5.decide to do sth 决定做某事
6.help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事 7.make a difference to 对......产生影响
8.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的
拓展链接
动词+副词短语
cheer up 使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 mix up 修理
give away 赠送 give out 分发 give up 放弃 use up用光 get up 起床
hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量
set up 建立 set off 出发 look out 小心
动词+介词短语
look after 照顾 belong to 属于 take after 与....相像 hear from 收到.....来信
hear of 听说 pay for 支付 wait for 等待
动词+副词+介词 短语
get out of 避免 come up with 想出 catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望
go on with 继续
动词+名词 短语
have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 make mistakes 犯错 have a try 试一下
take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定
动词+名词+介词短语
have a look at 看一看 make a friend with 与.....交朋友pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑
Be+形容词+介词短语
be late for 迟到 be angry with 生气 be fond of 喜欢 be good at 擅长
be good for 对...有好处 be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 与......相似
be strict with 对......严格要求 be pound of 骄傲 自豪
语法点
动词不定式归纳
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
决心学会有希望（ decide,learn,wish,hope）
同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）
忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）
准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）
提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）
记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）
习题链接
1.-Tom failed the exam again
-Sorry to hear that. We should do something to .
A. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him
2.The boys volunteer three hours up the park near their school.
A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. with cleaning
3.The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.
A. used to be B. is used to be C.was used to be D.is
4.The old man lives ,but he doesn’t feel .
A. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely
5.Tina, I have something important you.
A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell
6.--The old man all his money to a charity.
A.took away B.put away C.went away D.gave away
7.We all feel after hear of the news.
A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
短语归纳
1.do the dishes 洗餐具 2.take out the trash 倒垃圾 3.at least 至少
4.throw down扔下 5.all the time 一直；反复
6.in surprise 惊讶地 7.as soon as 一......就......
8.spend......on......在......花费（时间、金钱、精力）
9. in order to 为了 10.provide sth for sb 向某人提供某物
11.depend on 依赖；信赖 12.look after 照顾；照看
13.take care of 照顾 14.as a result 结果
用法归纳
1.finish doing sth 做完某事 2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
3.try (not) to do sth 尽力（不）做某事 4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.spend......(in) doing sth 花费......做某事
6.mind doing sth 介意做某事 7.learn to do sth 学习做某事
8.learn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事
9.The +比较级，the+比较级 越......，就越.....
语法点
情态动词could 的用法
表示请求与准许，could 委婉有礼貌；
表示能力会不会，could只把过去表
Unit 4 why don’t you talk to your parents?
短语归纳
1.too much太多（修饰不可数名词） 2.hang out 闲逛
3.too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数） 4.get into a fight 争吵
5.call sb up 给某人打电话 6.talk about 谈论
7.look through 浏览 8.give back 归还
9.be angry with sb 生某人的气 10.a big deal 重要的事情
11.work out 解决；算出 12.get on with sb 与某人和睦相处
13.communicate with sb 与某人交流 14.be worried about 担心.....
15.be afraid of 害怕..... 16.in front of在...前面
17.not... any more 不再... 18.so much/many 那么多
19.compete with sb 与某人竞争 20.cut out删除；删去
21.all kinds of 各种各样 22.compare....with.....比较；对比
23.in one’s opinion 依...看 24.turn down 调小
用法归纳
1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 2.why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？
3.why not do sth ?为什么不做某事呢？ 4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事
5.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
7.let sb do sth 让某人做某事 8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事
9.not....until....直到....才... 10.it’s time to do sth 该做某事了
11.it +adj+to do sth 做某事是.....的 12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事
13.what do you think of...?你认为....怎么样？
语法点
1.Why don’t you+V.......?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语
2.连词until,so that 以及although 引导的状语从句
Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?
短语归纳
1.wait for 等待 2.look for 寻找
3.go off (闹铃）发出声音 4.take a shower 洗澡
5.pick up 接电话；捡起 6.make sure 确信；务必
7.have fun 玩的开心 8.fall asleep入睡；睡觉
9.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 10.wake up 醒来；叫醒
11.in a mess 乱七八糟 12.take photos 照相
13.turn on 打开 14.in silence 沉默地；无声地
15.take down摧毁；拆卸；记下 16.tell the truth 说实话
17.point out 指出 18.go away 消失
19.as well 也
用法归纳
1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事
2.see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事
3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事
4.try to do sth 努力去做某事
5.have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困难
语法点
过去进行时
过去进行最好记，was/were+doing
特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段
肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前
否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains
短语归纳
1.work on 从事 2.as soon as 一.......就......
3.take...away 拿走，带走 4.a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法
5.a little bit 一点儿 6.once upon a time 从前
7.turn...into..变成 8.come out出现，出版，结果是
9.get married 结婚 10.fall in love with sb 爱上某人
11.be born 出生 12.all over the world全世界
13.make a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事
14.along the way 沿路 15.be lost 迷路
16find out 找出 17.learn about 了解
用法归纳
1.try to do sth 设法做某事 2.finish doing sth 完成做某事
3.continue to do sth 继续做某事 4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事
5.keep doing sth 一直做某事 6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事
7.be able to do能够做某事
8.It takes/took.....to do sth 花费...做某事
9.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事
10.become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣
11.can’t stop doing sth 禁不住做某事
12.hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事
13.lead sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处
14.leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地 15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物
语法点
1.unless引导的条件状语从句
2.so...that...引导的结果状语从句
3.as soon as 引导的时间状语从句
Unit7 what’s the highest mountain in the world?
短语归纳
1.take in 吸入；吞入 2.in the face of 面对（问题；困难）
3.at birth 出生时 4.as you can see 正如你所看到的
5.as far as I know 据我所知 6.up to 直到
7.prepare ...for...为...准备... 8.fall over 摔倒
9.die from 死于...... 10.cut down 砍倒
11.take care of 照顾；照看 12.or so 大约；左右
13.in danger 处于危险之中
用法归纳
1.any other+名词单数 其他任何一个......
2.feel free to ask sb sth on ...... 就...随意问某人某事
3.one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最....的....之一
4.what’s the+形容词最高级+名词 in the world?世界上最....的....是什么？
5.protect....from/against....保护....使不受；防御
6.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事
7.teach sb about sth 教某人有关.....内容
8.send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事
9.There be sb/sth doing.....有某人/物正在做某事
语法点
1.数词 hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法
2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法
比较级变化规则
比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er
词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以
一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写
辅音字母加y结尾，要把y改i加er
Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
短语归纳
1.be full of 充满 2.grow up 长大
3.hurry up赶快 4.bring back to sw 带回到某地
5.more than 超过 6.in the middle of 在....中间 7.fight over 为....争吵；争斗 8. think about 考虑 9.come to realize 开始意识到 10.ever since then 从那时起 11.a kind of 一种 12.such as 例如 13.belong to 属于 14.find out 找出；查出 15.at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候
16.be famous for 因为...而出名 17. leave behind 遗忘；留下 18.the importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性
用法归纳
1.finish doing sth 完成做某事 2.arrive at/in sw 到达某地
3.learn to do sth 学习做某事 4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
5.name sb sth 给某人取名为....... 6.teach sb sth 教某人某事
7.use sth to do 用某物做某事 8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事
9.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 10.be kind to sb 对某人友好
11.hope to do sth 希望做某事 12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事
13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做
语法点
现在完成时
Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?
短语归纳
1.have a great time 玩的开心 2.put up 搭建；支起
3.in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式 4.be able to do sth 能够做某事
5.a couple of 少数；几个 6. on the other hand 另一方面 7.three quarters 四分之三 8.whether...or... 不管...还是...
9.wake up 醒来 10.all year round 一年到头，终年
11.close to 靠近
用法归纳
1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法 2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事
3.It’s unbelievable that....很难相信...... 4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲 6.as...as.. 和...一样
7.the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 8.choose to do sth 选择做某事
9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事
语法点
现在完成时
区分：have been to 和have gone to
Unit10 I’v had this bike for three years
短语归纳
1.h0w long 多长，多长时间 2.not.....anymore 不再....
3.welcome to ...欢迎到.... 4.check out 察看
5.at first 起初 6. no longer 不再；不复 7..as for ...至于.... 8..to be honest 说实在的
9.search for 寻找 10.across from 在.....对面
11.according to依据；按照 12.in one’s opinion 依...看
13.in order to 为了
用法归纳
1.It’s+adj（+for sb)+to do sth (对某人来说）做某事是......
2.decide to do sth 决定做某事
3.have been in+地点 在某处待了多久
5.hope to do sth 希望做某事
7.one of+the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数 最....的...之一是....
8.used to do sth 过去常常做某事
9.need to do sth 需要做某事
语法点
现在完成时
1.since 和for 引导状语的区别
2.延续性动词和瞬间动词
瞬间动词转为为延续动词表
borrow-keep buy-have catch a cold-have a cold put on-wear get to know-know
get to sleep-sleep begin/start-be on go out-be out get to /arrive/reach-be(in)
die-be dead open-be open leave-be away finish-be over fall ill-be ill
join-be in/be a member of fall asleep-be asleep make friends-be friends
Come/go-be+相应的介词 close-be close go to bed-be in bed get up-be up