考纲分解系列二：广告、通告类文章的阅读微策略 （合肥八中 高先宏）

I．20xx年安徽高考说明关于阅读理解方面的要求及指导

【考纲原文】阅读是获取信息的主要途径。因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。该部分考查考生理解不同题材和体裁的书面材料的能力以及从中获取信息的能力。要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段。考生应能：

1. 理解主旨和要义 每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨大意。有时文章的主旨要义则需要从文章的字里行间进行推断。这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。

2. 理解文章具体信息

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。考生应能够根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可作答；有时则比较间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能作答。

3.根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义

正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是才理解文章的基础。不懂单词含义就谈不上理解文章。但英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境有所不同。考生应能共根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义。此外，阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些生词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来。这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断生词含义的能力，是考生所必须具备的，也是阅读测试中经常考查的一种能力。

4.做出推理和判断 阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即理解作者所要传达的信息。在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。

5.理解文章的基本结构

英语文章讲究使用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章开头，简要概括文章的主题。主题句可能在一段的开头，也可能在中间或末尾，作用是交代该段的中心思想，再由全段展开或讨论这个主题。各个段落通常由某些起连接作用的词语连接，以使文章行文连贯。若要准确、深刻地理解一篇文章，则必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握全篇的文脉，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。对这种能力的考查，一般反映在理解文中某一段落的作用或某些词语的指代关系的题目中。

6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度

每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的---或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是阐述某个道理。而这些信息通常并不是明确的表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。因此，这类考题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者

的言外之意。

II.应用广告、通告类阅读文章对考纲阅读部分的链接式解读

◆ 应用广告、通告类文章语言精练，惜字如金，篇幅不长，但信息量很大 ◆ 高考阅读对应用广告类文章的考查主要涉及细节理解、推理判断以及主旨大意或写作意图三种题型

III．应用广告类阅读策略研究取材：20xx版天利38套卷广告类文章：

14A-B篇 20A-A篇 30A-B篇

34A-D篇 35B-D篇 36B-D篇

●常见题型及解答策略

(I)细节理解、推理判断类

策略1 对于产品（或服务）的优势或优惠、联系或购买方式进行介绍的句子应做读中标记，如划下划线法，以应对细节理解题；对于如上句子做读中归纳，以应对推理判断题。

策略2 对于长句子（一般跨3行货3行以上）应采取慢读方法，以梳理句子层次，归纳句子涵义。

策略3 对于通告类文章应该对参赛时间、参赛资格、作品要求以及奖项设置等内容进行字面细读，以应对细节理解；对于如上内容要及时做读中归纳，以应对推理判断题。

策略4 对于同类或分类广告，应重点关注每则广告的自身特点（个性）和某几则广告所共有的特点（共性）做读中标记，以应对细节理解题；对于描述如上特点的句子做读中归纳，以应对推理判断题。

策略5 对于广告、通告文中或结尾处附加的信息，常放在括号里的补充性信息，考生应格外留意，做好读中标记和读中归纳。

策略6 对于广告、通告文中出现的例子，要研究其上下文语境，对语境关键词做读中标记，在应对与之有关的提问。

策略7 对于该文体中有关联系方式、信息获取手段等关键词要做读中标记。

■ 体例展示

【14A-B篇】

46题：考查该家网站所提供的住宿服务的优点

47题：答案是A、help travelers find the right places to put up in.本题针对地是考生能否驾驭文章中Our Goal部分开头的一个长句子。本题启发考生在阅读广告、通告类文章时，关注长句子，做好读中标记和归纳。

【20A-A篇】

56题：命题者从参赛资格这一点入手，进行命题。

57题：答案是C、whether it is first written by yourself,是考生对文章倒数第二段的on the basis of originality进行读中标记的结果。

58题：答案是D、Winners will be awarded prizes one year later.考查考生对文章首段的Entries will be accepted?20xx以及第二段的Awards ceremony?20xx参照策略第3条进行读中标记。

60题：考生对照策略3即可在“一读”时做好读中笔记。

【30A-B篇】

24题：答案是C. Crustache and Pyramid are two types of moustache.该题的答案源在第一则广告倒数1和2行中。其中倒数第二行的modern moustaches为语境关键词，27题解题策略类似。

25题：考查同类广告的共性，对应策略4。

26题：考查同类广告中其中一则广告的个性，对应策略4。

这两题启发考生在读同类或分类广告时应充分利用策略，做好读中标记。

【34A-D】

13题参照策略4；14题参照策略第6条。

【35B-D】

33题参照策略1；34题参照策略4。

35题：答案A. From a website.答案源在文章第一段第四行click here,符合策略7。

【36B-D篇】

32题：参照策略4；33、34题参照策略4；35题参照策略5.

(II)主旨大意、写作意图类

策略1 读前体裁意识，即在读前浏览或读中应知晓这是一篇广告或通告说明,

并能做到问题特征明确（如广告就是推介产品等）。

策略2 读中标题意识，有些广告和通告有标题，标题能反映出文章主题。

策略3 读后小结意识，即总结出文章中关于产品、服务、参赛环节等主题思想和写作目的 。

■ 体例展示

【14A-B篇】

49题： The above passage is written to＿＿. 答案是C. introduce service and attract customers.考生只要能在阅读过程中明确广告的问题特征，即可得出正确结论。

【20A-A篇】

59题：The advertisement is about＿＿. 答案是A. a teen writing contest。本题的答案只要考生参照本文的标题 The 13th Annual Poetry & Fiction Writing Contest即可选出答案。

【34A-D篇】

15题：For what purpose is the text written? 答案是C. Letting the apartment.本题由于其它3个干扰项中均含有apartments,故应该在读后小结出答案。考生可利用到策略3.

IV．学生作业

●《黄金大考卷高考真题》

20xx年安徽卷阅读理解A篇

20xx年安徽卷阅读理解A篇

20xx年湖南卷阅读理解B篇

20xx年辽宁卷阅读理解A篇

●作业要求：1.在文章中标注问题题号，即定位问题的答案源；

2.在题目栏的横线上写出问题类型（如细节理解）以及解题策略（如

读中标记）；

3.对文章中出现的忘记含义的影响文章理解的考纲词汇要求查词典

进行汉字意思的注释。

4.在做题中由学生自己发现的阅读策略的小结和分享。

第二篇：高三英语：20xx高考英语单词重点突破

20xx高考英语单词重点突破（一）

[一]

一、单词拼写：

根据下列句子及所给汉字注释，在句子右边的横线上，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。（每空只写一词）

1. Chinese history is filled with great _______(成就) in science and technology 1.____________

2 . I’d like to write him a letter, but I don’t know his _______(地址). 2. ____________

3. At that time in the southern states, blacks were not treated as equal __________(公民) in the USA. 3.___________

4 . Annie Sullivan was a lively young woman with __________(耐心)and imagination. 4 .___________

5. Officers can’t work properly without certain important pieces of ___________ (仪器) . 5. ____________

6. Modern _________ (体操) began in the nineteenth century. 6.____________

7 I think reading English newspaper is a good way of ______(改进)your English. 7.____________ 8 To be a ___________ (侦探) seemed like to a hero to me. 8.____________

9. Antonio was a __________(商人) of Venice who was liked by everyone. 9._____________

10. At the end of the nineteenth century, foreign ___________( 侵略者 ) destroyed Yuanmingyuan.

10._________

Keys: 1. achievements 2. address 3. citizens 4. patience 5. equipment

6. gymnastics 7. improving 8. detective 9.merchant 10.invaders.

二、单词拼写：

1．Mike’s family used to live in a __________(欧洲的) country. 1.____________

2. Take the __________ (伞) with you, Tom. It’s raining outside. 2.____________

3. She was __________(满意的) with her birthday presents from her friends. 3.____________

4. They met with a traffic accident during the ride. ________(幸运地) nobody was

injured. 4.____________

5. It was too noisy. He had to _________(抬高)his voice when speaking. 5.____________

6. The nurse took the boys temperature to see if he had a __________(高烧). 6.____________

7. In the school l__________, I found lots of books I was interested in. 7.____________

8. To his d____________, his daughter won the first prize in the competition. 8.____________

9. Talking of his father’s death, she kept on w___________ her eyes with a handkerchief. 9.____________

10.While watching the game, the football fans often make a sign with fingers which means v__________. 10. ____________

keys: 1.European 2.umbrella 3.satisfied 4.Fortunately 5.raise

6.fever 7.library 8.delight 9.wiping 10. victory

三、单词拼写：

1. I like English best, what is your f__________ subject? 1.____________

2. If you knock into somebody, you should a__________ to him. 2.____________

3. Please speak as loud as you can to make yourself u__________. 3.____________

4. ---This problem is not difficult. --- But that one is even e__________. 4.____________

5. I think you can sit on this newly bought chair very c__________. 5.____________

6. A great celebration was held on his _________(50岁)birthday. 6. ____________

7. The assistant is very friendly to all the __________(顾客). 7.____________

8. When I came to the riverside, I found a boy __________(挣扎) in the water. 8.____________

9. The students in our school study very hard, ___________(尤其) those in our class. 9.____________

10.He dived into the water, leaving only his face _________(裸露) 10.____________ Keys: 1. favorite 2.apologize 3. understood 4. easier 5. comfortable

6. fiftieth 7. customers 8 struggling 9. .especially 10.exposed

四、单词拼写：

1. Don’t be frightened by the television camera, Just speak _________.(自然地) 1.____________

2. All countries, big or small, should be __________(平等). 2.____________

3. He didn’t __________(认出)me at first when we met in the street of London. 3.____________

4. The boy spoke in a very low voice, ________(承认) he had broken the glass. 4.____________

5. They quarreled once, but they were quite ___________(友好) now. 5.____________

6. We were e__________ to know where she had gone. 6.____________

7. The colleges and universities were only for men, and women were not p________ to attend. 7.____________

8. Train services are now back to n___________ after last week’s strike. 8.____________

9. The fish smells; I don’t think it is quite f__________. 9.____________

10.Tom is preparing for an exam. Don’t d __________him. 10.____________

Keys: 1.naturally 2.equal 3.recognize 4.admitting 5. friendly

6.eager 7.permitted 8.normal 9.fresh 10..disturb

五、单词拼写：

1. What Tom did during the sports meet made all of us ________(失望). 1.____________

2. Wang Ying’s father is a famous ______(音乐家), and he teaches music in Central Music College. 2____________

3. I am good at English ___________(作文). 3.____________

4. More than 100,000 people were killed in the 20xx Asian tsunami, ___________(包括) thousands of foreigners. 4.____________

5. I was born on the first of __________(十月). 5.____________

6. --- Merry __________(圣诞节) to you! --- The same to you. 6.____________

7. His mother is a __________(中年) woman who is very strict with her children. 7._____________

8. Some people work together under _________(压力). 8.____________

9. He will come here next ________(星期三). 9.____________

10.I expected that she would __________(接受) our invitation. 10.____________

Keys: 1.disappointed 2. musician 3.compositions 4. including 5.October

6.Christmas 7.middle-aged 8..pressure 9.Wednesday 10.accept

六、单词拼写

1. Will it be ________(方便) for you to start work tomorrow? 1____________

2. They walked because they couldn’t ________(付得起) a taxi. 2____________

3. They are used to being ________(分成) into groups in their English class. 3____________

4. Because his family was very rich, he _______(受到) college education abroad. 4____________

5. Their floor is on the ________(第五) floor. 5____________

6. It is said that this show is going out _________(实况转播). 6____________

7. Nowadays children can choose to go to different _______(幼儿园). 7___________

8. They advised _________(提高) people’s living standard. 8____________

9. I’ll go and see you next ________(星期四). 9____________

10.After these days’ climbing, they reached the top of the mountain __________(成功地).

10.____________

Keys: 1.convenient 2. afford 3.divided 4.received 5.fifth

6.live 7.kindergartens 8.improving 9.Thursday 10.successfully

七、单词拼写：

1. We aim at ________(质量) rather than quantity. 1____________

2. We gave our classroom a ________(彻底) cleaning before the Spring Festival. 2.____________

3. We tried to ________(劝说) him to give up smoking. 3____________

4. She looks ________(面熟) to me, but I don’t remember her name. 4____________

5. He ________(未能) to pass the driving test last summer. 5____________

6. The house was sold at such a low price that he had ___________(预料) 6____________

7. It’s wrong to _________(作弊) in the exam. 7____________

8. It’s _________(危险) to swim in the river. 8____________

9. He wants to come but he’s ________(不能) to. 9____________

10.Do you know about the __________(非洲) history? 10.____________

Keys: 1.quality 2.thorough 3.persuade 4.familiar 5.failed

6.expected 7.cheat 8.dangerous 9.unable 10.African

八、单词拼写：

1. Tom was ________(泄气) when he failed a game. 1._____________

2. Mr. Zhang is among the ________(有经验的) managers. 2._____________

3. This novel is ________(翻译) from French. 3._____________

4. It is our duty to __________(保卫) our motherland. 4._____________

5. The teacher often _________(鼓励) the children to practise more. 5.____________

6. G_________ speaking , girls are more careful than boys. 6.____________

7.Walking across the Luobupo Desert alone is obviously a / an________(冒险的)action. 7.____________

8. Mr. Green told his students to r__________ their lesson before class. 8.____________

9.Though South Korea also celebrates the Spring Festival, its form________(不同) from ours. 9.____________

10.At the sound of the gun, all the birds in the tree flew away in all d___________. 10.____________

Keys: 1.discouraged 2.experienced 3.translated 4.defend 5.encourages

6.Generally 7.adventurous 8.review 9.differs 10.directions

九、单词拼写：

1. They ________(控制) the fire and put it out in the end. 1____________

2. I’m making ________(准备) for the coming exam. 2____________

3. I saw her going in the ________(相反) direction. 3____________

4. They can’t _________ (表达) themselves in English. 4____________

5. Asia is much larger than any of the other____________(大陆)in the world. 5____________

6. The second month of a year is F___________. 6____________

7. After leaving u_____________, he became a doctor. 7____________

8. The p___________ of China is larger than that of any other countries. 8____________

9. Each office will be e__________ with a computer soon 9____________

10.Madame Curie spent a great deal of her time on scientific e__________. 10____________ Keys: 1.controlled 2.preparations 3.opposite 4.express 5.continents

6.February 7.university 8.population 5.equipped 10.experiments

十、单词拼写：

1. We couldn’t stand the ________(残酷) done to him. 1____________

2. How long may I __________(借) this book? 2____________

3. I haven’t a thing in __________(共同的) with her. 3____________

4. We have a great __________(钦佩) for the people’s heroes. 4____________

5. I want to be an __________(工程师), when I grow up. 5____________

6. May I i ___________ my friend to you? 6____________

7. A dozen means t__________. 7____________

8. In my opinion, nothing is more v__________ than health. 8____________

9. The old woman was kind. She o_________ us a room for the night. 9____________

10.This problem needs _____ ( 解决) at once. 10____________ Keys: 1.cruelty 2.keep 3.common 4.admiration 5.engineer

6.introduce 7.twelve 8.valuable 9.offered 10.solving