《误差理论与测量平差》
上 机 实 验 报 告
实验报告一:条件平差法上机
一、目的与要求
1、 通过算例,熟练掌握条件平差法解算步骤;
2、 熟练掌握法方程的建立和解算;
3、 掌握法方程解算方法;
4、 掌握科傻软件的使用。
二、任务
1、手工计算基本信息量及条件方程系数矩阵A、常数项矩阵W、观测值向量协因数阵Q;
2、利用软件解算法方程,计算观测值改正数V,手工计算改正数向量V的协因数阵QVV、观测量平差值向量的协因数阵;
3、手工计算单位权中误差M0及关于观测值的平差值的函数的中误差;
三、实验题目
1. 如图1,已知数据:HA=31.100m,HB=34.165m
观测高差值:h1=+1.001m,h2=+1.002m,h3=+0.060m,h4=+1.000m,
h5=+0.500m,h6=+0.560m,h7=+0.504m,h8=+1.064m。
路线长度:S1=1km,S2=2km,S3=2km,S4=1km,
S5=2km,S6=2km,S7=2.5km,S8=2.5km
, 试按条件平差计算各段高差的平差值及各待定点高程
4
图1 (1)手工建立标准条件方程;
(2)确定观测值向量的协因数阵;
(3)建立法方程;
(4)利用法方程解算软件解算法方程;
(5)计算观测值向量的改正数向量,进一步计算单位权方差的估值;
(6)计算观测值的平差值;
(7)计算待定点高程,进一步计算待定点高程平差值的中误差;
(8)利用科傻软件重新解算,解算结果与上述结果进行对比分析,看看哪种方法解算的精度高?
- 1 -
(1)列条件方程
V1?V2?V3?V4?0.002?0
V1?V4?V8?0?0
V1?V4?V5?V6?0.004?0
V2?V3?V5?V6?0.002?0
(2)确定观测值向量的协因数阵
令C=1,则pi?
?1??2?????2??1?Q88????2??2????2.5??2.5???? 1i,Qii?Si
(3)建立法方程
Naak?w?0
23???2??62????1??0??24.52k????0?22?6?3?4??????? ? ?31?37??2?
(4)利用法方程解算软件解算法方程;
K1=-0.25403,K2=0.419355,K3=-0.70564,K4=-0.032258
(5)计算观测值向量的改正数向量,进一步计算单位权方差的估值;
?T V=??0.508057?0.443544?0.50806?0.540315?1.475796?1.47579601.0483875
VTPV?0?? 1.7585mm r?
(6)计算观测值的平差值;
?T L?L?V??1.00051.00160.05950.99950.049850.55850.50401.0650
(7)计算待定点高程,进一步计算待定点高程平差值的中误差; HP1~?HA?L1=32.100,Hp2=33.102, ~Hp3=33.1655, Hp4=32.1499
- 2 -
??1?Hp1?HA?L?1
??L??2?Hp2?HA?L?12
?3?Hp3???HB?L4
??L??4?Hp4?HA?L?15??????0Q?????0.96?111 由公式计算得??????0?????1.30?222??????0Q?????0.96?333 ??????0?????1.30?444
2.科傻解算
A,31.100
B,34.165
A,P1,1.001,1
P1,P2,1.002,2
P2,P3,0.060,2
P3,B,1.000,1
P1,P4,0.500,2
P4,P3,0.560,2
P4,P2,0.504,2.5
P1,P3,1.064,2.5
平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 31.1000
2 B 34.1650
3 P1 32.1010
4 P2 33.1030
5 P3 33.1630
6 P4 32.6010
-------------------------------------------------------------------- KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 31.10000
2 B 34.16500
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 1.00100 1.0000 1.000 - 3 -
2 P1 P2 1.00200 2.0000 0.500 3 P2 P3 0.06000 2.0000 0.500 4 P3 B 1.00000 1.0000 1.000 5 P1 P4 0.50000 2.0000 0.500 6 P4 P3 0.56000 2.0000 0.500 7 P4 P2 0.50400 2.5000 0.400 8 P1 P3 1.06400 2.5000 0.400 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 31.1000
2 B 34.1650
3 P1 32.1015 0.96
4 P2 33.1047 1.31
5 P3 33.1645 0.96
6 P4 32.6023 1.31
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 1.0015 0.54 0.96 2 P1 P2 1.0031 1.13 1.14 3 P2 P3 0.0598 -0.20 1.14 4 P3 B 1.0005 0.54 0.96 5 P1 P4 0.5008 0.80 1.14 6 P4 P3 0.5621 2.13 1.14 7 P4 P2 0.5023 -1.67 1.22 8 P1 P3 1.0629 -1.07 0.98
-------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
-------------------------------------------------------------------- PVV= 5.393
Free Degree= 4
Unit Weight= 1.161
[s]= 15.000(km)
Total Point Number= 6 Height Difference Number= 8
结果比较:手工解算的中误差为1.7585mm,科傻软件解算的是1.161mm
- 4 -
2. 在图2的水准网中,A,B点为已知点,C,D点为待定点。已知HA=15000m,HB=18303m,
? 及C,D高差观测值为h=[1.258,2.041,1.571, 1.724]Tm,试按条件平差求各段高差值hi
2?0点高程平差值及单位权方差估值?
A
图2
按照第1题的解算思路解算第2题。 B
3.在第2题中,若选择C点高程的平差值作为参数的平差值,试按附有参数的条件平差法
2? 及C,D点高程平差值及单位权方差估值??0 求各段高差值h i
(1) 列出含有参数的条件方程;
(2) 列出法方程,并利用法方程解算软件进行解算;
(3)计算观测值向量的改正数向量,进一步计算单位权方差的估值;
(4)计算观测值的平差值;
(5)计算待定点高程,进一步计算待定点高程平差值的中误差;
(6)将计算结果与第2题计算结果进行比较分析。
1.条件平差法
(1)列条件方程
v1?v2?wa?0
v3?v4?wb?0 wa?HA?h1?h2?HB
wb?HA?h3?h4?HB
?V1???1100???V2???4? ??0011???V3?????8???0
???????V4???
- 5 -
?1??1?? Q?P?1???1???1??
(2)组成并解算法方程
?20???4? ??02??k????8???0 ????
K1=-2,K2=-4
(3)求得改正数
v???2?2?4?4?T
(4)计算观测值的平差值;
hi??1.2562.0391.5671.720? ~
(5)单位权中误差
VTPV?0?? 4.47mm r?
(6)待定点的高程
(7)科傻解算
A,15000
B,18303
A,C,1.258,1
C,B,2.041,1
D,B,1.571,1
A,B,1.724,1 HC?HA?h1?15001.256Hd?HA?h4?15001.720??
-------------------------------------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.0000
2 B 18303.0000
3 C 15001.2580
4 D 18301.4290
-------------------------------------------------------------------- - 6 -
KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.00000
2 B 18303.00000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A C 1.25800 1.0000 1.000 2 C B 2.04100 1.0000 1.000 3 D B 1.57100 1.0000 1.000 4 A B 1.72400 1.0000 1.000 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.0000
2 B 18303.0000
3 C 16651.1086 2021288.95 4 D 18301.4290 2858534.25
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A C 1651.1086 1649850.58 2021288.95 2 C B 1651.8914 1649850.42 2021288.95 3 D B 1.5710 -0.00 2858534.25 4 A B 3303.0000 3301276.00 0.00
-------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
-------------------------------------------------------------------- PVV=16342436572876.512
Free Degree= 2
Unit Weight= 2858534.250
[s]= 4.000(km)
Total Point Number= 4
Height Difference Number= 4
--------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------- - 7 -
APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.0000
2 B 18303.0000
3 C 15001.2580
4 D 18301.4290
-------------------------------------------------------------------- KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.00000
2 B 18303.00000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A C 1.25800 1.0000 1.000 2 C B 2.04100 1.0000 1.000 3 D B 1.57100 1.0000 1.000 4 A B 1.72400 1.0000 1.000 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 15000.0000
2 B 18303.0000
3 C 16651.1086 2021288.95 4 D 18301.4290 2858534.25
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A C 1651.1086 1649850.58 2021288.95 2 C B 1651.8914 1649850.42 2021288.95 3 D B 1.5710 -0.00 2858534.25 4 A B 3303.0000 3301276.00 0.00
-------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
-------------------------------------------------------------------- - 8 -
PVV=16342436572876.512
Free Degree= 2
Unit Weight= 2858534.250
[s]= 4.000(km)
Total Point Number= 4
Height Difference Number= 4
2.附有参数的条件平差法
(1)列条件方程
?V1??1100????0???4????V2???~???0011?????0?X???8??0
?1000??V3???1??15000????V4???????
(2)法方程
四、实验体会和心得
本实验是条件平差相对来说很简单,手工解算也不是很麻烦,科傻软件非常好用,这是第一次做误差理论与测量平差的实验,我解算中出现的问题是不细心,误差方程容易算错,导致法方程无法解算,平差数据无法读取。第二题用附有参数的条件平差法来计算时,列条件方程很简单,但是手工列法方程却很麻烦,没有解算出来。在做这次实验的时候,我发现我对平差结果的一些数据的意义了解不是很全面,各种英文字母代表的含义还不是很清楚,基础知识还不是很牢固,以后在这方面要加强学习。只有基础知识牢固了才能更好的进行以后更深层知识的学习。
第二题中用条件平差法科傻平差运行结果中的PVV的结果很大,估计是错了,但是不知道哪里出错了。
成绩: 指导教师: 宁伟 日期: 2015 年 6月 12日
- 9 -
实验报告二:间接平差法上机
一、目的与要求
1.通过算例,熟练掌握间接平差法解算步骤;
2.熟练掌握法方程的建立和解算;
3.掌握法方程解算方法;
4.掌握科傻软件的使用。
二、任务
1、手工计算基本信息量及误差方程系数矩阵B、常数项矩阵l、观测值向量的权阵P;
2、利用法方程解算软件解算法方程,计算参数近似值的改正数,手工计算改正数向量V,进而计算观测值的平差值,以及观测量平差值向量的协因数阵;
3、手工计算单位权中误差M0及关于参数的平差值的函数的中误差;
4、利用科傻软件重新计算,并进行结果比较。
三、实验题目
1. 在如图所示的水准网中,测得各点间的高差及距离
分别为
h1=1.357m S1=1km h2=2.008m S2=1km
h3=0.353m S3=1km h4=1.000m S4=1km
h5=-0.657m S5=2km 定权时,设C=1。
试求:1)已知点自定,求各待定点高程平差值及其中
误差;
2)平差后AB两点间高差平差值及其中误差;
3)平差后AC两点间高差平差值中误差。
(1)手工建立标准误差方程;
(2)利用软件解算法方程;
(3)手工计算其它有关的量。
(4)利用科傻软件重新解算,并与上述结果进行对比分析。
解:设A,C为已知点,设D,E两点的高程为X1,X2
n=5,t=2,r=3,u=2,c=5,设HA=10,Hc=10
????h1?X2?HA
???1???h2?X1?HA???1?0??X1?X1?x1? 令 P=?h3?X2?HC ?1???0??X2?X2?x21??h4?X1?HC?1/2??????h5?X2?X1
- 10 -
?V1??0????V2??1
?V3???0????V4??1?V5???1???1??10????0?????10?x1???8.996? 1????????x20????8.992??1.308?1????
??5/2?1/2???x1??18.338???????????????0 ??1/25/2??x2??19.65?
x?
1?4.63917 x?
2? 4.85783
??V1??
?V2???5.14217???
?V3????5.36083???V4?????V5???4.13817? ???
??4.35283?
??1.08934??
??
0?5.53
??1.352?
2.
h??003??51?h51?V51???0.349?
?0.996?
??
??1.657??
H?
D?HA?h2?12.003HE?H?
A?h1?11.352
科傻解算
A,10
A,E,1.357,-1,1
A,D,2.008,-1,1
C ,E,0.353,-1,1 C,D,1.00,-1,1
D,E,-0.657,-1,2
- 11 -
科傻平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 10.0000
2 C 11.0080
3 D 12.0080
4 B 11.3510
-------------------------------------------------------------------- KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 10.00000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 C D 1.00000 1.0000 1.000 2 C B 0.35300 1.0000 1.000 3 A D 2.00800 1.0000 1.000 4 D B -0.65700 2.0000 0.500 5 A B 1.35700 1.0000 1.000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 10.0000
2 C 11.0060 3.56
3 D 12.0083 2.91 4 B 11.3567 2.91
ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 C D 1.0023 2.33 2.91
2 C B 0.3507 -2.33 2.91
3 A D 2.0083 0.33 2.91
4 D B -0.6517 5.33 2.91
5 A B 1.3567 -0.33 2.91
-------------------------------------------------------------------- - 12 -
UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
-------------------------------------------------------------------- PVV= 25.333
Free Degree= 2
Unit Weight= 3.559
[s]= 6.000(km)
Total Point Number= 4
Height Difference Number= 5
--------------------------------------------------------------------
四、实验体会和心得
第一题中用间接平差法来列误差方程很好列,但是组建法方程和求改正数却很麻烦,但是还是能计算出来,科傻解算很简单,和条件平差一样,只要写出数据文件就可以了, 这个实验比实验一复杂一点,有很多没有搞清楚的地方,希望自己能坚持下来把老师给的讲解看透。
我有疑问的地方是已知点自定,本题中应该定两个已知点,它的高程也是自己随便定吗,那对中误差不是有影响吗?
成绩: 指导教师: 宁伟 日期: 2015 年6 月 12日
- 13 -
实验报告三:高程控制网上机
一、目的与要求
1、通过应用科傻软件来解决水准网平差计算;
2、学会用计算机软件解决测量平差问题的思路和方法。
二、任务
1、结合实验算例掌握高程控制网平差计算过程,并进行精度分析。
2、掌握使用科傻软件的数据输入格式,给出平差结果文件。
三、实验题目
1. 试列出图1中水准网的条件方程。
已知起算据:HA=238.744m,HB=258.732m,HC=241.431m,HD=262.160m 观测值:h1=+13.019m,h2=-3.092m,h3=+2.175m,h4=+6.949m,
h5=+7.251m,h6=-5.255m,h7=+8.238m,
S1=20.4km,S2=18.8km,S3=23.0km,S4=19.5km,
S5=16.1km,S6=23.3km,S7=17.1km,
试应用科傻软件对此水准网进行平差.
C
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)写出数据文件;
A,238.744
B,258.732
C,241.431
D,262.160
A,P1,13.019,20.4
P1,P2,-3.092,18.8
P1,P3,2.175,23.0
P1,B,6.949,19.5
C,P2,7.251,16.1
P3,P2,-5.255,23.3
P3,D,8.238,17.1
图1 写出数据文件; 给出平差结果; 利用平差结果计算三个未知点高程的平差值及其中误差 - 14 -
(2)科傻平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 238.7440
2 B 258.7320
3 C 241.4310
4 D 262.1600
5 P1 251.7630
6 P2 248.6710
7 P3 253.9380
-------------------------------------------------------------------- KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 238.74400
2 B 258.73200
3 C 241.43100
4 D 262.16000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 13.01900 20.4000 0.049 2 P1 P2 -3.09200 18.8000 0.053 3 P1 P3 2.17500 23.0000 0.043 4 P1 B 6.94900 19.5000 0.051 5 C P2 7.25100 16.1000 0.062 6 P3 P2 -5.25500 23.3000 0.043 7 P3 D 8.23800 17.1000 0.058 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
- 15 -
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 238.7440
2 B 258.7320
3 C 241.4310
4 D 262.1600
5 P1 251.7691 6.35
6 P2 248.6791 7.14
7 P3 253.9322 7.37
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 13.0251 6.10 6.35 2 P1 P2 -3.0900 1.95 7.40 3 P1 P3 2.1631 -11.90 7.72 4 P1 B 6.9629 13.90 6.35 5 C P2 7.2481 -2.95 7.14 6 P3 P2 -5.2532 1.85 8.00 7 P3 D 8.2278 -10.20 7.37
-------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
-------------------------------------------------------------------- PVV= 24.863
Free Degree= 4
Unit Weight= 2.493
[s]= 138.200(km)
Total Point Number= 7 Height Difference Number= 7
(3)利用平差结果计算三个未知点高程的平差值及其中误差
HP1?HA?h1?238.744?13.052?251.796
Hp2?Hc?h5?241.431?7.2481?248.6791 ??
Hp3?HD?h7?262.160?8.2278?253.9322
P1点高程的平差值中误差6.35mm
P2点高程的平差值中误差7.14mm
P3点高程的平差值中误差7.37mm
- 16 - ?
2. 在图2的水准网中,观测高差及路线长度见下表:
已知A,B点高程为:HA=50.000m,HB=40.000m
(1) 试用科傻软件进行平差并计算:
平差后P1到P2点间高差的
?; (2) 各观测高差的平差值hi
(3) 中误差
???。 ???P1 3
(1) 写出数据文件; 图2
?; (2) 根据平差结果写出各观测高差的平差值hi
(3) 利用平差结果进一步计算平差后P1到P2点间高差的中误差???. ???h12
(1)写出数据文件
A,50
B,40
A,P1,10.356,1
A,P2,15,1
B,P1,20.360,2
B,P3,14.501,2
P1,P2,4.651,1
P3,P1,5.856,1
P3,P2,10.5,2
科傻平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------- APPROXIMATE HEIGHT
- 17 -
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 50.0000
2 B 40.0000
3 P1 60.3560
4 P2 65.0000
5 P3 54.5010
-------------------------------------------------------------------- KNOWN HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m)
------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 A 50.00000
2 B 40.00000
-------------------------------------------------------------------- MEASURING DATA OF HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Observe(m) Distance(km) Weight -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 10.35600 1.0000 1.000 2 A P2 15.00000 1.0000 1.000 3 B P1 20.36000 2.0000 0.500 4 B P3 14.50100 2.0000 0.500 5 P1 P2 4.65100 1.0000 1.000 6 P3 P1 5.85600 1.0000 1.000 7 P3 P2 10.50000 2.0000 0.500 -------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. Name Height(m) Mh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A 50.0000
2 B 40.0000
3 P1 60.3556 1.95
4 P2 65.0028 2.19
5 P3 54.5007 2.49
-------------------------------------------------------------------- ADJUSTED HEIGHT DIFFERENCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------- No. From To Adjusted_dh(m) V(mm) Mdh(mm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 A P1 10.3556 -0.43 1.95 2 A P2 15.0028 2.78 2.19 3 B P1 20.3556 -4.43 1.95 - 18 -
4 B P3 14.5007 -0.27 2.49
5 P1 P2 4.6472 -3.80 2.14
6 P3 P1 5.8548 -1.16 2.28 7 P3 P2 10.5020 2.04 2.57
UNIT WEIGHT AND PVV
--------------------------------------------------------------------
PVV= 35.573
Free Degree= 4
Unit Weight= 2.982
[s]= 10.000(km)
Total Point Number= 5 Height Difference Number= 7
; (2) 根据平差结果写出各观测高差的平差值hi
?10.3556??15.0028????20.3556??????h71?14.5007 ???????4.6454???5.8548???10.5020???
(3)平差后P1到P2点间高差的中误差??? ???h12
P1到P2点间高差的中误差:?????h??2.14mm
12
四、实验心得或小结
本次实验不需要列条件方程或误差方程,只需要根据已知条件写出数据文件,这两题都是根句距离定权的。上次实验自己对于科傻软件平差后的结果的含义不太懂,也不知道根据平差结果如何算单位权中误差,但看了老师给的PPT和一些例题后就会解算了,根据平差结果计算各待定点的平差值也能很快的解算出来,不像手工那么麻烦。
本次实验的科傻平差的中误差为2.982mm,手工解算的中误差为2.14mm,科傻的精度没有人工的高,这科学吗?
成绩: 指导教师: 宁伟 日期: 2015 年 6 月13 日 - 19 -
实验报告四:平面控制网上机
一、目的与要求
1、通过算例计算掌握利用科傻软件进行控制网平差计算的全过程;
2、初步理解用计算机软件解决测量平差问题的思路和方法。
二、任务
1、利用科傻软件解决下面平面控制网平差计算,并进行精度分析;
2、根据软件平差结果进一步进行其它问题的计算;
3、对软件平差后的结果进行分析(主要看平差后单位权中误差)。
三、实验题目
1.(测边网)(1)图中A、B、C为已知点,P为为待定点,网中观测了3条边长L1 ~ L3,起算数据及观测数据均列于表中,试利用科傻软件进行平差,计算P点的坐标平差值及其精度。
数据文件
1,2,2
A,60509.596,69902.525
B,58238.935,74300.086
C,51946.286,73416.515
A
P,S,3128.86
B
P,S,3367.20
C
P,S,6129.88
- 20 -
科傻平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 60509.596 69902.525
B 58238.935 74300.086
C 51946.286 73416.515
P 57578.858 70998.218
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
距离平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(m) M(cm) V(cm) RESULT(m) Ri
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A P S 3128.8600 0.66 -2.47 3128.8353 0.22
B P S 3367.2000 0.70 0.14 3367.2014 0.00
C P S 6129.8800 1.24 -8.92 6129.7908 0.78
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 边长最小多余观测分量:0.00( B---> P)
边长最大多余观测分量:0.78( C---> P)
边长平均多余观测分量:0.33
边长多余观测数总和: 1.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 60509.5960 69902.5250
B 58238.9350 74300.0860
C 51946.2860 73416.5150
P 57578.8825 70998.2114 0.63 0.67 0.92 0.73 0.57 52.3007
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mx均值: 0.63 My均值: 0.67 Mp均值: 0.92
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 21 -
最弱点及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
P 57578.8825 70998.2114 0.63 0.67 0.92 0.73 0.57 52.3007
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A P 159.300386 0.47 3128.8353 0.58 538000 0.73 0.57 52.3007
B P 258.414361 0.37 3367.2014 0.70 479000 0.73 0.57 52.3007
C P 336.455104 0.24 6129.7908 0.58 1062000 0.73 0.57 52.3007
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
B P 258.414361 0.37 3367.2014 0.70 479000 0.73 0.57 52.3007
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
先验单位权中误差:1.00
后验单位权中误差:8.11
多余观测值总数:1
平均多余观测值数:0.33
PVV1 = 65.71 PVV2 = 65.71
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 22 -
---------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33控制网总体信息
已知点数: 3 未知点数: 1 方向角数: 0 固定边数: 0 方向观测值数: 0 边长观测值数: 3 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
P点坐标(57578.8825 70998.2114 )
P点精度0.92cm
(2)教材P145例题7-10
平差数据文件
1,5,5
A,53743.136,61003.826
B,47943.002,66225.854
C,40049.229,53782.790
D,36924.728,61027.086
A
B,S,7804.558,0
B,A,138.00086
P1,S,5187.342
P2,S,7838.880
B
P1,S,5760.706
P4,S,7228.367
P1
P2,S,5483.158
P3,S,5438.382
P4,S,8884.587
C
D,S,7889.381,0
D,A,113.19508
P2,S,8720.162
P3,S,5598.570
D
P3,S,7494.881
P4,S,5487.073
P3
P2,S,5731.788
P4,S,7493.323
- 23 -
平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 53743.136 61003.826
B 47943.002 66225.854
C 40049.229 53782.790
D 36924.728 61027.086
P1 48580.270 60500.505
P3 43767.160 57968.596
P2 48681.390 55018.279
P4 40843.310 64868.037
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
距离平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(m) M(cm) V(cm) RESULT(m) Ri
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A B S 7804.55800 0.000 0.000 7804.55834 1.00
A P1 S 5187.34200 2.641 0.375 5187.34575 0.36
A P2 S 7838.88000 3.951 0.017 7838.88017 0.51
B P1 S 5760.70600 2.923 0.382 5760.70982 0.30
B P4 S 7228.36700 3.649 -0.151 7228.36549 0.57
C D S 7889.38100 0.000 0.000 7889.38090 1.00
C P2 S 8720.16200 4.389 -4.257 8720.11943 0.56
C P3 S 5598.57000 2.844 2.642 5598.59642 0.35
D P3 S 7494.88100 3.781 2.235 7494.90335 0.50
D P4 S 5487.07300 2.789 -1.120 5487.06180 0.28 P1 P2 S 5483.15800 2.787 -1.287 5483.14513 0.22 P1 P3 S 5438.38200 2.765 1.909 5438.40109 0.35 P1 P4 S 8884.58700 4.470 -4.028 8884.54672 0.48 P3 P2 S 5731.78800 2.909 2.197 5731.80997 0.22 P3 P4 S 7493.32300 3.780 3.069 7493.35369 0.30
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 边长最小多余观测分量:0.22( P3---> P2)
边长最大多余观测分量:1.00( A---> B)
边长平均多余观测分量:0.47
边长多余观测数总和: 7.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方位角平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 24 -
FROM TO TYPE VALUE(dms) M(sec) V(sec) RESULT(dms)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A B A 138.000860 2.00 -0.03 138.000857
C D A 113.195080 2.00 -0.00 113.195080
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 53743.1360 61003.8260
B 47943.0020 66225.8540
C 40049.2290 53782.7900
D 36924.7280 61027.0860
P1 48580.2667 60500.5006 2.151 2.411 3.231 2.484 2.066 115.4329 P3 43767.1892 57968.6058 2.295 2.916 3.711 3.056 2.105 114.2214 P2 48681.3798 55018.2879 2.960 2.935 4.168 3.129 2.753 136.5542 P4 40843.3228 64867.9793 2.596 3.307 4.204 3.553 2.246 118.1214 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mx均值: 2.50 My均值: 2.89 Mp均值: 3.83
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱点及其精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms) P4 40843.3228 64867.9793 2.596 3.307 4.204 3.553 2.246 118.1214 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A P1 185.340530 0.97 5187.3458 2.12 245000 2.48 2.07 115.4329
A P2 229.464796 0.82 7838.8802 2.75 285000 3.13 2.75 136.554
B P1 276.210434 0.76 5760.7098 2.44 236000 2.48 2.07 115.4329
B P4 190.493918 0.99 7228.3655 2.39 302000 3.55 2.25 118.1214
C P2 8.084301 0.71 8720.1194 2.91 300000 3.13 2.75 136.5542
C P3 48.231540 1.08 5598.5964 2.29 244000 3.06 2.10 114.2214
D P3 335.545780 0.71 7494.9034 2.68 280000 3.06 2.10 114.2214
D P4 44.253459 1.30 5487.0618 2.37 231000 3.55 2.25 118.1214 P1 P2 271.032389 1.27 5483.1451 2.46 223000 3.39 2.45 177.2328 P1 P3 207.444698 1.24 5438.4011 2.23 244000 3.28 2.22 114.1227 P1 P4 150.331951 0.77 8884.5467 3.22 276000 3.59 2.90 102.2240 P3 P2 329.011482 1.25 5731.810 2.57 223000 3.48 2.56 64.1454 P3 P4 112.575980 0.83 7493.3537 3.16 237000 3.16 3.02 107.0218 - 25 -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms) P1 P2 271.032389 1.27 5483.14513 2.459 223000 3.387 2.454 177.2328 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
先验单位权中误差:2.00
后验单位权中误差:1.50
多余观测值总数:9
平均多余观测值数:0.53
PVV1 = 20.34 PVV2 = -1.#J
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
四1(2)控制网总体信息
已知点数: 4 未知点数: 4
方向角数: 2 固定边数: 2
方向观测值数: 0 边长观测值数: 13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.(测方向网)见教材P120例题7-3
5,5,10
B,13737.37,10501.92
A,8986.68,5705.03
C,6642.27,14711.15
D
C,L,0
A,L,127.48412
B,L,234.39234
C
A,L,0
D,L,23.45162
A
B,L,0
D,L,30.5244
C,L,59.1849
B
- 26 -
D,L,0
A,L,42.16.391
科傻平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B 13737.370 10501.920
A 8986.680 5705.030
C 6642.270 14711.750
D 10122.151 10312.441
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方向平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(dms) M(sec) V(sec) RESULT(dms) Ri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B D L 0.000000 5.00 0.99 0.000099 0.36
B A L 42.163910 5.00 -0.99 42.163811 0.36
A B L 0.000000 5.00 1.58 0.000158 0.62
A D L 30.524400 5.00 -0.37 30.524363 0.47
A C L 59.184900 5.00 -1.21 59.184779 0.62
C A L 0.000000 5.00 0.64 0.000064 0.43
C D L 23.451620 5.00 -0.64 23.451556 0.43
D C L 0.000000 5.00 0.63 0.000063 0.24
D A L 127.484120 5.00 0.36 127.484156 0.25
D B L 234.392340 5.00 -1.00 234.392240 0.23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 方向最小多余观测分量:0.23( D---> B)
方向最大多余观测分量:0.62( A---> B)
方向平均多余观测分量:0.40
方向多余观测数总和: 4.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B 13737.3700 10501.9200
A 8986.6800 5705.0300
C 6642.2700 14711.7500
D 10122.1548 10312.4374 7.72 6.66 10.20 7.73 6.66 3.1332 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 27 -
Mx均值: 7.72 My均值: 6.66 Mp均值: 10.20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱点及其精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
D 10122.1548 10312.4374 7.72 6.66 10.20 7.73 6.66
3.1332
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B D 183.000098 3.80 3620.1774 7.73 47000 7.73 6.66 3.1332
A D 76.092014 3.32 4745.2614 6.76 70000 7.73 6.66 3.1332
C D 308.203921 2.72 5609.2379 7.03 80000 7.73 6.66 3.1332
D C 128.203921 2.72 5609.2379 7.03 80000 7.73 6.66 3.1332
D A 256.092014 3.32 4745.2614 6.76 70000 7.73 6.66 3.1332
D B 3.000098 3.80 3620.1774 7.73 47000 7.73 6.66 3.1332 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
B D 183.000098 3.80 3620.1774 7.73 47000 7.73 6.66 3.1332 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 先验单位权中误差:5.00
后验单位权中误差:1.45
多余观测值总数:4
平均多余观测值数:0.40
PVV1 = 8.44 PVV2 = 8.44
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CosawiQL8控制网总体信息
已知点数: 3 未知点数: 1 方向角数: 0 固定边数: 0 方向观测值数: 10 边长观测值数: 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 28 -
3.(测角网)(1)教材P123例题7-4;(2)P141例题7-9, 要求用科傻软件来完成
教材P123例题7-4;
数据文件格式:
1,2,2
A,9684.280,43836.820
B,10649.550,31996.500
C,19063.660,37818.860
D,17814.630,49923.190
B
C,L,0
P1,L,29.52554
A,L,59.58421
A
B,L,0
P1,L,23.39469
P2,L,90.42363
D,L,122.09263
D
A,L,0
P2,L,31.10226
C,L,59.04219
C
D,L,0
P2,L,22.0243
P1,L,88.48521
B,L,118.47267
P1
A,L,0
B,L,126.14241
C,L,246.22552
P2,L,312.57499
P2
A,L,0
P1,L,65.55008
C,L,112.33572
D,L,242.37114
- 29 -
科傻平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 9684.280 43836.820
B 10649.550 31996.500
C 19063.660 37818.860
D 17814.630 49923.190
P1 13188.597 37335.099
P2 15578.555 44390.977
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方向平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(dms) M(sec) V(sec) RESULT(dms) Ri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A B L 0.000000 1.00 -1.29 -0.000129 0.70
A P1 L 23.394690 1.00 0.87 23.394777 0.57
A P2 L 90.423630 1.00 -0.11 90.423619 0.49
A D L 122.092630 1.00 0.52 122.092682 0.70
B C L 0.000000 1.00 -0.20 -0.000020 0.63
B P1 L 29.525540 1.00 0.34 29.525574 0.53
B A L 59.584210 1.00 -0.14 59.584196 0.63
C D L 0.000000 1.00 -0.61 -0.000061 0.70
C P2 L 22.024300 1.00 0.02 22.024302 0.57
C P1 L 88.485210 1.00 0.77 88.485287 0.50
C B L 118.472670 1.00 -0.18 118.472652 0.70
D A L 0.000000 1.00 0.09 0.000009 0.63
D P2 L 31.102260 1.00 -0.87 31.102173 0.53
D C L 59.042190 1.00 0.79 59.042269 0.63 P1 A L 0.000000 1.00 -0.14 -0.000014 0.45 P1 B L 126.142410 1.00 0.48 126.142458 0.33 P1 C L 246.225520 1.00 -0.21 246.225499 0.37 P1 P2 L 312.574990 1.00 -0.13 312.574977 0.58 P2 A L 0.000000 1.00 -0.31 -0.000031 0.38 P2 P1 L 65.550080 1.00 0.38 65.550118 0.58 P2 C L 112.335720 1.00 -0.64 112.335656 0.45 P2 D L 242.371140 1.00 0.56 242.371196 0.34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 方向最小多余观测分量:0.33( P1---> B)
方向最大多余观测分量:0.70( C---> D)
方向平均多余观测分量:0.55
方向多余观测数总和: 12.00
- 30 -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 9684.2800 43836.8200
B 10649.5500 31996.5000
C 19063.6600 37818.8600
D 17814.6300 49923.1900
P1 13188.6028 37335.1938 1.73 1.92 2.58 2.03 1.59 57.5401
P2 15578.4809 44390.9849 1.71 1.96 2.60 2.05 1.60 62.1915
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mx均值: 1.72 My均值: 1.94 Mp均值: 2.59
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱点及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
P2 15578.4809 44390.9849 1.71 1.96 2.60 2.05 1.60 62.1915
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A P1 298.192748 0.54 7385.8934 1.71 432000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
A P2 5.221590 0.67 5920.1946 1.75 339000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
B P1 64.335221 0.56 5911.7206 2.03 291000 2.03 - 31 -
1.59 57.5401
C P2 117.561277 0.53 7439.0388 1.76 423000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
C P1 184.422262 0.66 5894.9326 1.76 334000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
D P2 247.592817 0.56 5967.0475 2.05 292000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P1 A 118.192748 0.54 7385.8934 1.71 432000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 B 244.335221 0.56 5911.7206 2.03 291000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 C 4.422262 0.66 5894.9326 1.76 334000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 P2 71.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
P2 A 185.221590 0.67 5920.1946 1.75 339000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P2 P1 251.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
P2 C 297.561277 0.53 7439.0388 1.76 423000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P2 D 67.592817 0.56 5967.0475 2.05 292000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
P1 P2 71.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
先验单位权中误差:1.00
后验单位权中误差:0.74
多余观测值总数:12
平均多余观测值数:0.55
PVV1 = 6.56 PVV2 = 6.56
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 32 -
---------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cosawiql11控制网总体信息
已知点数: 4 未知点数: 2 方向角数: 0 固定边数: 0 方向观测值数: 22 边长观测值数: 0 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2)P141例题7-9,
1,1,1
A,9684.280,43836.820
B,10649.550,31996.500
C,19063.660,37818.860
D,17814.630,49923.190
B
C,L,0
P1,L,29.52554
A,L,59.58421
A
B,L,0
P1,L,23.39469
P2,L,90.42363
D,L,122.09263
D
A,L,0
P2,L,31.10226
C,L,59.04219
C
D,L,0
P2,L,22.0243
P1,L,88.48521
B,L,118.47267
P1
A,L,0
B,L,126.14241
C,L,246.22552
P2,L,312.57499
P2
A,L,0
P1,L,65.55008
C,L,112.33572
- 33 -
D,L,242.37114
科傻平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 9684.280 43836.820
B 10649.550 31996.500
C 19063.660 37818.860
D 17814.630 49923.190
P1 13188.597 37335.099
P2 15578.555 44390.977
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方向平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(dms) M(sec) V(sec) RESULT(dms) Ri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A B L 0.000000 1.00 -1.29 -0.000129 0.70
A P1 L 23.394690 1.00 0.87 23.394777 0.57
A P2 L 90.423630 1.00 -0.11 90.423619 0.49
A D L 122.092630 1.00 0.52 122.092682 0.70
B C L 0.000000 1.00 -0.20 -0.000020 0.63
B P1 L 29.525540 1.00 0.34 29.525574 0.53
B A L 59.584210 1.00 -0.14 59.584196 0.63
C D L 0.000000 1.00 -0.61 -0.000061 0.70
C P2 L 22.024300 1.00 0.02 22.024302 0.57
C P1 L 88.485210 1.00 0.77 88.485287 0.50
C B L 118.472670 1.00 -0.18 118.472652 0.70
D A L 0.000000 1.00 0.09 0.000009 0.63
D P2 L 31.102260 1.00 -0.87 31.102173 0.53
D C L 59.042190 1.00 0.79 59.042269 0.63 P1 A L 0.000000 1.00 -0.14 -0.000014 0.45 P1 B L 126.142410 1.00 0.48 126.142458 0.33 P1 C L 246.225520 1.00 -0.21 246.225499 0.37 P1 P2 L 312.574990 1.00 -0.13 312.574977 0.58 P2 A L 0.000000 1.00 -0.31 -0.000031 0.38 P2 P1 L 65.550080 1.00 0.38 65.550118 0.58 P2 C L 112.335720 1.00 -0.64 112.335656 0.45 P2 D L 242.371140 1.00 0.56 242.371196 0.34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 方向最小多余观测分量:0.33( P1---> B)
方向最大多余观测分量:0.70( C---> D)
- 34 -
方向平均多余观测分量:0.55
方向多余观测数总和: 12.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 9684.2800 43836.8200
B 10649.5500 31996.5000
C 19063.6600 37818.8600
D 17814.6300 49923.1900
P1 13188.6028 37335.1938 1.73 1.92 2.58 2.03 1.59 57.5401
P2 15578.4809 44390.9849 1.71 1.96 2.60 2.05 1.60 62.1915
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mx均值: 1.72 My均值: 1.94 Mp均值: 2.59
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱点及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
P2 15578.4809 44390.9849 1.71 1.96 2.60 2.05 1.60 62.1915
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A P1 298.192748 0.54 7385.8934 1.71 432000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
A P2 5.221590 0.67 5920.1946 1.75 339000 2.05 - 35 -
1.60 62.1915
B P1 64.335221 0.56 5911.7206 2.03 291000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
C P2 117.561277 0.53 7439.0388 1.76 423000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
C P1 184.422262 0.66 5894.9326 1.76 334000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
D P2 247.592817 0.56 5967.0475 2.05 292000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P1 A 118.192748 0.54 7385.8934 1.71 432000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 B 244.335221 0.56 5911.7206 2.03 291000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 C 4.422262 0.66 5894.9326 1.76 334000 2.03
1.59 57.5401
P1 P2 71.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
P2 A 185.221590 0.67 5920.1946 1.75 339000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P2 P1 251.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
P2 C 297.561277 0.53 7439.0388 1.76 423000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
P2 D 67.592817 0.56 5967.0475 2.05 292000 2.05
1.60 62.1915
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
P1 P2 71.171739 0.54 7449.5440 2.66 280000 2.66
1.96 69.0941
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
先验单位权中误差:1.00
后验单位权中误差:0.74
多余观测值总数:12
- 36 -
平均多余观测值数:0.55
PVV1 = 6.56 PVV2 = 6.56
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cosawiql11控制网总体信息
已知点数: 4 未知点数: 2 方向角数: 0 固定边数: 0 方向观测值数: 22 边长观测值数: 0 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.(导线网)教材P151例题7-11
10,5,2
A,11768.714,8419.242
B,10878.302,8415.114
C,11101.949,8017.572
A1,11768.23758,8418.362783
B1,10877.98726,8416.063177
C1,11102.5887,8018.340621
A
A1,L,0
D,L,86.4316
D,S,221.650
D
A,L,0
E,L,182.2243
E,S,195.843
E
D,L,0
G,L,188.5957
G,S,229.356
G
E,L,0
F,L,115.2337
F,S,189.781
H,L,246.5083
H,S,98.163
H
G,,L,0
B,L,194.0002
B,S,189.781
B
- 37 -
F,L,0
B1,L,183.6617
平差结果
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 近似坐标
---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Name X(m) Y(m)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 11768.714 8419.242
B 10878.302 8415.114
C 11101.949 8017.572
A1 11768.238 8418.363
B1 10877.987 8416.063
C1 11102.589 8018.341
D 11957.234 8302.670
E 12127.935 8206.672
G 12342.972 8126.902
H 12410.539 8198.111
F 12359.646 7937.855
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
方向平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(dms) M(sec) V(sec) RESULT(dms) Ri --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A A1 L 0.000000 10.00 -133459.03 -37.041903 0.25
A D L 86.431600 10.00 133459.03 123.473503 0.35
B F L 0.000000 10.00 142829.80 39.402980 0.40
B B1 L 184.061700 10.00 -142829.80 144.254720 0.45
D A L 0.000000 10.00 -187243.02 -52.004302 0.27
D E L 182.224300 10.00 187243.02 234.232602 0.08 E D L 0.000000 10.00 -189318.16 -52.351816 0.07
E G L 188.595700 10.00 189318.16 241.351516 0.23 G E L 0.000000 10.00 200026.88 55.334688 0.25 G F L 115.233700 10.00 -95067.70 88.590930 0.33 G H L 246.512300 10.00 -104959.19 217.420381 0.13
H G L 0.000000 10.00 239612.63 66.333263 0.03 H B L 194.000200 10.00 -239612.63 127.262937 0.25
- 38 -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 方向最小多余观测分量:-0.07( E---> D)
方向最大多余观测分量:0.45( B---> B1)
方向平均多余观测分量:0.23
方向多余观测数总和: 2.95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
距离平差结果
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FROM TO TYPE VALUE(m) M(cm) V(cm) RESULT(m) Ri
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A D S 221.6500 0.50 2567.99 247.3299 0.51
D E S 195.8430 0.50 -4230.59 153.5371 0.02 E G S 229.3560 0.50 36469.43 594.0503 3.40 G F S 189.7810 0.50 11718.38 306.9648 3.82 G H S 98.1630 0.50 2929.78 127.4608 0.17 H B S 189.7810 0.50 56111.18 750.8928 4.70
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 边长最小多余观测分量:-4.70( H---> B)
边长最大多余观测分量:0.02( D---> E)
边长平均多余观测分量:-2.10
边长多余观测数总和: -12.57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
平差坐标及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 11768.7140 8419.2420
B 10878.3020 8415.1140
C 11101.9490 8017.5720
A1 11768.2376 8418.3628
B1 10877.9873 8416.0632
C1 11102.5887 8018.3406
D 11944.6474 8593.0796 0.88 0.55 1.04 0.91 0.50 162.5604
E 11812.9934 8672.0787 1.17 0.86 1.46 1.20 0.83 16.3611
G 11567.3392 8131.1999 1.07 0.82 1.35 1.15 0.71 152.0812
H 11513.9914 8015.4404 1.09 0.71 1.30 1.20 0.50 152.3851
- 39 -
F 11464.6364 8420.4741 1.45 1.20 1.88 1.67 0.88 144.4604
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mx均值: 1.13 My均值: 0.83 Mp均值: 1.41
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱点及其精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name X(m) Y(m) MX(cm) MY(cm) MP(cm) E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
F 11464.6364 8420.4741 1.45 1.20 1.88 1.67 0.88 144.4604
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
网点间边长、方位角及其相对精度
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A D 44.392410 6.98 247.3299 0.62 40000 0.91 0.50 162.5604
B F 0.312556 4.24 586.3589 1.45 41000 1.67 0.88 144.4604
D A 224.392410 6.98 247.3299 0.62 40000 0.91 0.50 162.5604
D E 149.020278 12.07 153.5371 0.50 31000 0.90 0.50 58.1243
E D 329.020278 12.07 153.5371 0.50 31000 0.90 0.50 58.1243
E G 245.342493 1.73 594.0503 1.05 56000 1.05 0.50 68.0033
G E 65.342493 1.73 594.0503 1.05 56000 1.05 0.50 68.0033
G F 109.324815 5.59 306.9648 1.10 28000 1.29 0.50 143.4200
G H 245.152657 8.88 127.4608 0.54 24000 0.59 0.50 112.5729
H G 65.152657 8.88 127.4608 0.54 24000 0.59 0.50 112.5729
- 40 -
H B 147.502908 1.39 750.8928 1.20 63000 1.20 0.50 152.3851
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
最弱边及其精度
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FROM TO A(dms) MA(sec) S(m) MS(cm) S/MS E(cm) F(cm) T(dms)
G H 245.152657 8.88 127.4608 0.54 24000 0.59 0.50 112.5729
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
单位权中误差和改正数带权平方和
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
先验单位权中误差:10.00
后验单位权中误差:864220.52
多余观测值总数:3
平均多余观测值数:-0.51
PVV1 = 2240631300632.99 PVV2 = 224712650617.25 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cosawi61控制网总体信息
已知点数: 6 未知点数: 5 方向角数: 0 固定边数: 0 方向观测值数: 13 边长观测值数: 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
四、实验小结和体会
本次实验是对独立测边网、三角网、导线网进行的精度评定,对我来说数据文件的第一行的比例误差和固定误差不知道如何选择,就看了PPT上相同的例题,编号数据文件用科傻进行平差是经常出现“是否迭代”,这是不是说明数据文件错了,还有就是后验权大于先验权,好像也不对,但是检查数据文件没有发现错误,这是为什么。
后验权必须小于先验权吗?
成绩: 指导教师: 宁伟 日期:2015 年 6 月 29
- 41 -
- 42 -