虚拟语气总结

1. 条件句中的虚拟语气

（1）对现在的虚拟

If I________（有空）now, I would go with you to the party.

（2）对过去的虚拟

If you______（参加）the party last night, you would have met me.

（3）对将来的虚拟

If it tomorrow, we would postpone the sports meet. 特别注意：虚拟语气中的倒装

条件句中有should, were to do, had done, 把if省掉，然后将

2. 宾语从句中的虚拟

(1)

坚持、建议： 决定：decide

命令：order, command

要求：demand, require, request

We all suggest that John _____________.

.

特别提示：

I wish I were 10 years younger.

I wish I could fly.

I would rather have gone to the party yesterday.

I would rather you had gone to the party yesterday.

3. 主语从句中的虚拟

(1) It’s suggested/insisted/proposed/ordered/

recommended/ that we (should) take immediate action.

(2) It’s important/vital/necessary/essential that we (should) cheer up.

(3) It’s strange, surprising, astonishing, incredible, shocking that you should have trusted such a big liar.

(4) It’s (high/about) time that we had a rest/should have a rest.

4. 表语从句中的虚拟

It seemed as if the day would never end.

My suggestion/advice/recommendation/proposal is that we (should) start off early tomorrow.

5. 同位语从句中的虚拟

The order worried all of us.

His request

6. as if/as though状语从句中的虚拟

He treated me as if I were his own brother.

He talked as if he had been there before.

7. 混杂虚拟语气

If I had listened to your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t be in troI would have attended the meeting, but I was too busy.

8. 含蓄虚拟语气

Without music, the world would be very dull.

But for your help（如果要不是你的帮助）, =If it had not been for your help, I wouldn’t have succeeded.

9. 其他形式的虚拟语气

May you succeed!

May you have good luck.

Long live China.

Long live our friendship.

God bless you!

第二篇：虚拟语气总结

虚拟语气：分两大类（假设类 、 缓和语气类）

一． 假设类 (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

１． if 从句 (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

假设 结果

过去if had done， would/ should / could / might have done

现在if did / were, would/ should / could / might do

将来if were to do/ should do, would/ should / could / might do （不可能，不希望发生） 将来if does/ is （真）, will do （有可能发生） 注意：１）省if ，要倒装

２） if 从句 被 以下替代：unless, otherwise, but for, supposing, without you were to order him, he wouldn’t do. = If you were not to order him, he wouldn’t do.

Fortunately I had my calculator with me. (=if I hadn’t had my calculator with me), it would have taken a much longer time to get the job done. the heavy rain (= If it had not rained heavily), we would / could have arrived in time. I accepted this offer, what would you do? his help, we wouldn’t have finished the job in time.

２） for fear (that), in case (that), lest (that) 从句 （其实＝if 从句中的将来不希望发生） (虚拟手段：倒推时态--. 过去将来时“should do”)

He’s working hard

。

（in case your house should catch fire = if your house should catch fire）

3)as if / as though 从句(虚拟手段：倒推时态)

She treats him as if he were her son.

She looks as if she is ill. （真）

She looks as if she were ill. （假）

4) wish 从句 I wish I had been there. ( wish + 从句 要虚拟 (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

对比：I wish you a happy new year. （wish + sb + sth） 与虚拟无关

I wish to see you there. ( wish + to do) 与虚拟无关

5） would rather/would sooner/ had better + (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

Do you mind if I smoke?

-- Yes, I do (mind). 或 -- I’ 对比：I would rather sing than dance. （would rather 直接+ do）

提示：would rather/would sooner/ had better + 从句 = wish + 从句

I’d rather you didn’t = I wish you didn’t (smoke)

6) If only + (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

If only I were a bird.

提示：if only + 从句 = wish + 从句

If only I were a bird. = I wish I were a bird

7) It’s (about/ high/just/ right) time + 从句 (虚拟手段：倒推时态)

It’ c.f. it’

一． 缓和语气类 (虚拟手段：从句里省should)

1. 表示把意愿说给别人听的动词（以下分类的依据是口气强硬度不同），后面+ 从句 （should ） do

command order demand

insist maintain (= keep suggesting/ requiring) + 从句 （should ） do

request, require, ask, desire

suggest, advise, propose…

e.g. I suggest that he (should) be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

2. 由上述动词变成的名词，后面+ 从句 （should ） do

e.g. My suggestion is that he (should) be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

3. 由上述动词变成的形容词以及由此引申的形容词，后面+ 从句 （should ） do e.g. it’s advisable that he (should) be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

It’s natural, necessary, essential, imperative, important, vital, crucial, natural, decisive, significant, insistent, desirable, advisable. that …..

e.g. What is vital is that he (should) be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.