表示推测情态动词的用法
一、用法归纳
1. 表示推测的情态动词有must, can, could, may, might等，且语气由左向右依次减弱。could, might并不一定是can, may的过去式，有时只是语气分别比can, may更弱。
2. must (一定会，准会) 只用于肯定句；can (可能)一般用于疑问句或否定句；may (也许) 用于肯定句或否定句。虽然must和may均可用于肯定句，但在语气上must比may强得多，must表示有把握的肯定推测，而may表示没有把握的肯定推测。虽然can和may均可用于否定句，但在语气上can’t(不可能)比may not(可能不)要强得多，can’t是表示有把握的否定推测，而may not是表示没有把握的否定推测。could, might可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中，其区别在于语气上强弱的区分。
3. should, ought to (按理应当), would, will,(很可能)等也可表示推测，语气都较肯定，且由左至右依次增强，但较must稍弱。
4. 关于表示推测的情态动词后面所接动词形式，有下列三种情况：若对此刻正在发生的事，接“be +现在分词”；若对现在或未来情况的推测，接动词原形；若对过去情况的推测，接“have +过去分词”。
二、实例分析
◎—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? —Sorry, I am not sure. It ________ be. (湖北卷)
A. might B. will C. must D. can
【分析】答案选A。由I am not sure(我没有把握)可知，后文是没有把握的肯定推测，用might。
◎You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the design of the furniture. (上海卷)
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
【分析】答案选C。. may not意为“可能不”。句意是：你不妨告诉厂商男顾客可能不喜欢这种家具的花样。
◎—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there? —No, it ________ be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. (全国卷)
A. can’t B. must not C. won’t D. may not
【分析】答案选A。由No和后文I’m sure…可知，是有把握的否定推测，所以用can’t (不可能)。
◎—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. —They ________ be ready by 12:00. (全国卷)
A. can B. should C. might D. need
【分析】答案选B。should表示“按理应当，大概”。用might语气太不肯定，顾客可能走掉。
◎I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ somewhere. (北京春)
A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
【分析】答案选B。对已经发生的事进行推测用“must have +过去分词”，答案D是被动式，应排除。
◎—I stayed at a hotel while in New York. —Oh, did you? You ________ with Barbara. (全国卷)
A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
【分析】答案选A。表示对过去情况的推测：“你可能和Barbara住在一起了”；must语气太肯定，与前面具有疑问语气的Oh, did you?不符。
◎—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It ________ a comfortable journey. (全国卷)
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
【分析】答案选D。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。
◎—Tom graduated from college at a very young age. —Oh, he ________ have been a very smart boy then. (全国III)
A. could B. should C. might D. must
【分析】答案选D。由上文可知，应是有把握的肯定推测，用must(一定)。
◎You ________ be tired—you’ve only been working for an hour. (四川卷)
A. must not B. won’t C. can’t D. may not
【分析】答案选C。由后文“你才只工作了一个小时”推断，“你不可能就累了”。表示有把握的否定推测，用can’t。must not不允许；may not可能不。
◎It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ________ be here at any moment. (全国卷)
A. must B. need C. should D. can
【分析】答案选C。nearly暗示“时间不早了”，“按理应当(should)”Jack“随时(at any moment)”都有可能到达这里。must又语气过强；can一般不用于肯定推测；need意义不通，也不用于肯定句。
◎I didn’t hear the phone. I ________ asleep. (全国卷)
A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been
【分析】答案选B。当时我没不听到电话铃响，那“一定是己经睡着了。
◎—Is John coming by train?—He should, but he ________ not. He likes driving his car. (全国卷)
A. must B. can C. need D. may
【分析】答案选D。由“他自己喜欢开车”这一习惯推断，“他可能不会(may not)坐火车来”。can not“不可能”，语气太肯定。
◎Peter ________ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. (全国卷)
A. must B. can C. may D. will
【分析】答案选C。由but he isn’t very sure. (但他没有把握)可知，Peter晚上来的可能性是不大的。表示没有把握的肯定推测用may(也许)。
◎—Are you coming to Jeff’s party?—I’m not sure. I ________ go to the concert instead. (全国卷)
A. must B. would C. should D. might
【分析】答案选D。由I’m not sure可知，“我可能(might)要去听音乐会”
◎Michael ________ be a policeman, for he’s much too short. (上海卷)
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
【分析】答案选B。由he’s too short推知，Michael“不可能(can’t)”是 policeman。
第二篇：表示推测情态动词的用法
表示推测情态动词的用法
表示推测情态动词的用法
一、用法归纳
1. 表示推测的情态动词有must, can, could, may, might等，且语气由左向右依次减弱。could,
might并不一定是can, may的过去式，有时只是语气分别比can, may更弱。
2. must (一定会，准会) 只用于肯定句；can (可能)一般用于疑问句或否定句；may (也许) 用于肯定句或否定句。虽然must和may均可用于肯定句，但在语气上must比may强得多，must表示有把握的肯定推测，而may表示没有把握的肯定推测。虽然can和may均可用于否定句，但在语气上can’t(不可能)比may not(可能不)要强得多，can’t是表示有把握的否定推测，而may not是表示没有把握的否定推测。could, might可用于肯定句、否定句或疑
问句中，其区别在于语气上强弱的区分。
3. should, ought to (按理应当), would, will,(很可能)等也可表示推测，语气都较肯定，且由
左至右依次增强，但较must稍弱。
4. 关于表示推测的情态动词后面所接动词形式，有下列三种情况：若对此刻正在发生的事，接“be +现在分词”；若对现在或未来情况的推测，接动词原形；若对过去情况的推测，接“have
+过去分词”。
二、实例分析
◎—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry, I am not sure. It ________ be. (湖北卷)
A. mightB. will
C. must D. can
【分析】答案选A。由I am not sure(我没有把握)可知，后文是没有把握的肯定推测，用
might。
◎You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the
design of the furniture. (上海卷)
A. mustB. shall
C. mayD. need
【分析】答案选C。. may not意为“可能不”。句意是：你不妨告诉厂商男顾客可能不喜欢这
种家具的花样。
◎—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
—No, it ________ be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses. (全国卷)
A. can’t B. must not
C. won’tD. may not
【分析】答案选A。由No和后文I’m sure…可知，是有把握的否定推测，所以用can’t (不
可能)。
◎—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—They ________ be ready by 12:00. (全国卷)
A. can B. should
C. might D. need
【分析】答案选B。should表示“按理应当，大概”。用might语气太不肯定，顾客可能走掉。
◎I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ somewhere. (北京春)
A. must dropB. must have dropped
C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped
【分析】答案选B。对已经发生的事进行推测用“must have +过去分词”，答案D是被动式，
应排除。
◎—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
—Oh, did you? You ________ with Barbara. (全国卷)
A. could have stayedB. could stay
C. would stayD. must have stayed
【分析】答案选A。表示对过去情况的推测：“你可能和Barbara住在一起了”；must语气
太肯定，与前面具有疑问语气的Oh, did you?不符。
◎—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.
—It ________ a comfortable journey. (全国卷)
A. can’t beB. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have beenD. couldn’t have been
【分析】答案选D。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途
当然“不可能”舒服。
◎—Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
—Oh, he ________ have been a very smart boy then. (全国III)
A. couldB. should
C. mightD. must
【分析】答案选D。由上文可知，应是有把握的肯定推测，用must(一定)。
◎You ________ be tired—you’ve only been working for an hour. (四川卷)
A. must notB. won’t
C. can’tD. may not
【分析】答案选C。由后文“你才只工作了一个小时”推断，“你不可能就累了”。表示有把握
的否定推测，用can’t。must not不允许；may not可能不。
◎It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ________ be here at any moment. (全国卷)
A. must B. need
C. shouldD. can
【分析】答案选C。nearly暗示“时间不早了”，“按理应当(should)”Jack“随时(at any moment)”都有可能到达这里。must又语气过强；can一般不用于肯定推测；need意义不通，也不用
于肯定句。
◎I didn’t hear the phone. I ________ asleep. (全国卷)
A. must be B. must have been
C. should beD. should have been
【分析】答案选B。当时我没不听到电话铃响，那“一定是己经睡着了。
◎—Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he ________ not. He likes driving his car. (全国卷)
A. mustB. can
C. needD. may
【分析】答案选D。由“他自己喜欢开车”这一习惯推断，“他可能不会(may not)坐火车来”。
can not“不可能”，语气太肯定。(from )
◎Peter ________ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. (全国卷)
A. must B. can
C. mayD. will
【分析】答案选C。由but he isn’t very sure. (但他没有把握)可知，Peter晚上来的可能性
是不大的。表示没有把握的肯定推测用may(也许)。
◎—Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to the concert instead. (全国卷)
A. mustB. would
C. should D. might
【分析】答案选D。由I’m not sure可知，“我可能(might)要去听音乐会”
◎Michael ________ be a policeman, for he’s much too short. (上海卷)
A. needn’tB. can’t
C. shouldD. may
【分析】答案选B。由he’s too short推知，Michael“不可能(can’t)”是 policeman。
第三篇：情态动词用法总结
情态动词：不能单独作谓语
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1. must、have/has to的用法
? have/ has to强调客观需要,意为 “必须,不得不”;must用于表示主观看法，意为“必须，应该”
? Must you come here for class or do you have to?
? ★ 以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to ? ---Must I finish the homework today?
? ---Yes, you must.
? ---No, you don’t have to/needn’t.
? must not (mustn’t)表示禁止
? No parking.
? You must not (mustn’t) park here.
I’m sorry. I ___ go now. My father told me on the phone that my mother was ill. (05厦门）
A. can B. may C. have to D. think
2. need的用法
? need to do实义动词，need do情态动词,意为“需要”
? The sheep need to fight with the wolves.
? (The sheep don’t need to fight with the wolves.)
? The sheep need fight with the wolves.
? (The sheep need not fight with the wolves.)
? ★ 用need提问，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn’t
? ---Need I return home by ten?
? ---Yes, you must.
? ---No, you needn’t.
“Where’s my umbrella?” “It’s fine today. You ___ take an umbrella with you.”（06新疆）
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn't 只作情态动词：must, can, could, may, might 既作情态动词也作实义动词：need 既作情态动词也作助动词：will, would, shall, should 具有情态动词的某些特征：have to, ought to, had better 情态动词的特征 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词或系动词连用，构成谓语 无人称和数的变化（除have to) The little girl has to sell matches. 后接动词原形 The little girl has to sell matches. 具有助动词的作用，可用于构成否定句、疑问句及简明回答 ---Can you play ping-pong? ---Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.
---I don’t mind telling you what I know.
---You __. I’m not asking you for it.（06济南）
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. can’t
3. can、could的用法
? 表示能力，意为“能，会”
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? Can you play badminton? 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may，can的语气强于could You can go now. Could you give me a hand? 以can、could开头的问句，肯定、否定回答仍用can、could
? ---Could she swim when she was a child?
? ---Yes, she could./No, she couldn't.
We hope that as many people as possible ___ join us for the charity show tomorrow.（08苏州）
A. need B. can C. must D. should
---___ you friend play the guitar?
---Yes, he can, but he can’t play it well.（06广西）
A. Must B. Can C. Should D. Need
4. may、might的用法
? 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”，may的语气强于might
? May I borrow your book?
? I asked her if I might leave.
? ★ may表示请求时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may,其否定回答
用mustn’t,表示“不许，禁止”
? ---May I go now?
? ---Yes, you may.
? ---No, you mustn’t.
---Is Mr. Brown driving here?
---I’m not sure. He ____ come by train.（08安徽）
A. may B. shall C. need D. must
---May I put my bike here?
---No, you ___. You should put it over there.（04北京）
A. couldn’t B. needn’t
C. mustn’t D. won’t
5. will、would、shall、should (ought to)的用法
? shall用于第一人称表示征求意见询问
? Shall we have dinner at that restaurant?
? should、ought to表示义务、责任，“应该”
? We should/ought to obey our parents.
? We shouldn’t/ought not to sleep in class.
We ___ keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.（08湖北）
A. may B. should C. can D. need
6. will、would用于第二人称表示征求意见询问，也可表达现在的意愿,will的语气强于would
? Will you pass me the book?
? I would do anything for you.
? would表示过去习惯性的动作，相当于used to
? I would go to the gym every week during my college years.
= I used to go to the gym every week during my college years.
7. had better的用法
? 表示最好做某事 ，否定为had better not
? You’d better ask him to stop laughing.
? He’d better not laugh any more.
The baby is too young. You ___ give her big pieces of food.（08沈阳）
A. may B. must C. may not D. must not
Tony ___ go to the opera on Saturday because he’s going to have a meeting.（08天津）
A. can’t B. might C. mustn’t D. should
---Tom, don’t drive too fast, you ___ hit the others’ cars.
---Ok, I won’t, Mum.（04乌鲁木齐）
A. must B. need C. may D. have to
---Must I do the work now?
---No, you ____. You may do it later.（07四川）
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
表推测的情态动词的用法
对现在或将来的行为的推测(情态动词+动词原形）
? must表示“肯定”推测，只用于肯定句
Xi Yangyang must be a boy.
? can, could, may, might用于肯定句中，表示“可能”推测,语气由强到弱
The dictionary may be there.
It might rain this evening.
I’m sure this book ___ Li Lei’s, because there is his name on it.（08吉林）
A. can’t be B. may be
C. might be D. must be
? can, could, may, might用于否定句中，can’t, couldn’t 表示“不可能”，may not,
might not表示“可能不”，
He can’t be there.
The news may not be true.
? 表推测的把握性程度由低到高为might →may →could →can →should →ought to
→would →will →must
---Listen! Is Professor Bloom giving a speech in class?
---No, it ___ be him. He has gone to France.（08潍坊）
A. may not B. mustn’t
C. needn’t D. can’t
---Who’s that boy reading in the garden? Is that David?
---It ___ be David. I saw him in the classroom just now.（08重庆）
A. must B. can’t C. may D. shouldn’t
---Will you answer the telephone? It ___ be your mother.
---Sorry. I ____. I’m busy.（08山东）
A. can; mustn’t B. will; can’t
C. may; can’t D. need; will
Four hundred dollars for a pair of shoes, you ___ be joking!（08杭州）
A. may B. can C. need D. must