第22课 北方民族大融合

学习目标：了解北魏建立及统一北方、北朝建立的相关知识点，掌握北魏孝文帝改革的相

关内容。

学习重点：北魏孝文帝改革的背景、内容和影响。

学习难点：北方少数民族内迁的影响。

※预习案：（相信自己，我能行。）

一、北方少数民族内迁 1. 年，魏灭蜀； 年 建西晋； 年，西晋灭吴，统一南北。有利于经

济文化的交流和社会的稳定，符合历史发展的趋势和人民的愿望。

2.西晋时北方内迁的民族有： 、 、 、 、 等。 3. 317 年， 建立政权，定都建康，史称东晋。

4.383年， 中失败 ，前秦瓦解，北方再度分裂。

3.影响：有利于民族大融合；内迁各族的文化习俗对汉族产生了影响；促进了北方各族接受汉族文化；促进北方各族的封建化。

二、北魏孝文帝改革

1.386年， 族首领 建立魏国 ，史称北魏。2. 孝文帝改革背景：(1)北

魏统一黄河流域后，出现了民族大融合的趋势；（2）为了革除落后习俗，吸收汉族先进文化，巩

固统治。

2. 孝文帝改内容：（1） ；

（2） ；

（3） ；

（4） 。

3. 孝文帝改影响：有利于北方的经济恢复和发展，促进了北方各族社会的进步，加快了北方民族大融合。

4.北魏后来分裂为 、 ，又演变为 、 。最后 统一北方。

我的疑问：

※探究案：（不依附，不从众，让思考成为习惯！）

阅读下列材料后回答问题：

“不得以北俗之语言于朝廷，若有违者无所居官。”

（1）以上材料涉及中国古代历史上哪次历史事件？

（2）除此之外，他还采取了哪些改革措施？起了怎样的作用？

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※检测案：（拾级而上，顺达成功的顶峰！）

选择题

1. 北魏孝文帝将都城从平城迁都到（ ）

A、长安 B、洛阳 C、许 D、殷

2. 北魏是下列哪个少数民族建立的政权（ ）

A、羯 B、鲜卑 C、氐 D、匈奴

3.商鞅变法和孝文帝改革获得成功的根本原因是( )

A、顺应历史发展的趋势 B、得到最高统治者的支持

C、促进中国社会封建化 D、符合人民群众的要求

4. 关于北魏孝文帝改革的影响，表述正确的是（ ）

A、实现了黄河流域的统一 B、为统一全国作好了准备

C、促进了民族融合 D、抑制了佛教发展续发展

5.下列各项曾统一黄河流域的是 ( )

A、南朝 B、东晋 C、北魏 D、蜀国

教学反思：

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第二篇：广西桂林中学20xx-20xx学年高一英语上学期期中试题

桂林中学2015-20xx年高一上期中英语检测试卷

（考试时间：120分钟，满分150分）

注意事项：请把答案填涂或写在答题卡上， 所有试题在本试卷上作答无效。

第一卷

Ⅰ.听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）

第一节

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒种的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the woman want to drink?

A. Coffee. B. Water. C. Orange juice.

2. Where does the woman want to go?

A. To a hotel. B. To a park. C. To Fourth Avenue.

3. When will the man’s train leave?

A. At 4:00. B. At 6:45. C. At 8:30.

4. What does the man suggest the woman do?

A. Watch a movie. B. Prepare for an exam. C. Take part in a play.

5. How does the woman feel?

A. Angry.

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What did the man call the woman for?

A. To invite her to a party. B. To invite her to join a study group.

C. To ask her some questions about biology.

7. What will the woman do next?

A. Have a meeting. B. Call the man back. C. Write down a phone number.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. What color is the woman’s bike?

1 B. Excited. C. Sorry.

A. White. B. Red. C. Black.

9. What do the speakers finally decide to do?

A. Wait there. B. Take the bike away. C. Call the police.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where will the man go this summer?

A. America. B. England.

11. Why is the woman surprised at the man’s plan?

A. She didn’t realize he had friends abroad. B. She thought he had no money to travel.

C. She thought he had just returned from a trip.

12. How much did the woman’s father pay for his trip?

A. $600. B. $800. C. $900.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Why doesn’t the woman want to drive to the theater?

A. Traffic is bad on weekends. B. Parking can be expensive.

C. She doesn’t know the route well.

14. Where is the nearest subway station?

A. On Grant Street. B. 25 minutes away on foot. C. Right in front of the woman’s house.

15. What do we know about the bus service to the theater?

A. It is fast and convenient. B. Buses come every half an hour on weekends.

C. One has to change buses three times.

16. What option（选择的）would the man choose?

A. Taking the subway. B. Driving his car. C. Taking the bus.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Why are several flights delayed?

A. Because of fog. B. Because of snow. C. Because of a thunderstorm.

18. Which gate will Flight 963 leave from ?

A. Gate C-5. B. Gate C-7. C. Gate N-8.

19. When will Flight 226 leave?

A. At 11:10. B. At 11:45. C. At 12:10.

20. What can customers do for more specific information?

A. Visit the website. B. Check the boards on the walls.

C. Go to the customer service desk.

II.完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并把答案填涂在答题卡上相应位置。

2 C. France.

A social worker played a huge role in my life when I was young. I wanted to share

D．thanking

22．A．tired B．surprised C．angry

D．comfortable

23．A．met B．caught

C．recognized D．mentioned

24．A．brave B．broken C．lost

D．dying

25．A．noticed B．thought C．learned

D．admitted

26．A．ran out of B．cared for C．looked down upon D．built up

27．A．usually B．never C．sometimes

D．always

28．A．wish B．change C．comment

D．decision

29．A．house B．family

C．friend D．room

30．A．left B．liked

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C．visited D．entered

31．A．looked for B．turned on C．

down D．checked on

32．A．enjoying B．raising

C．expecting D．imagining

33．A．active B．excited C．curious

D．stupid

34．A．nodded B．touched

C．shook D．rubbed

35．A．almost B．seldom

C．even D．hardly

36．A．accident B．promise

C．history D．story

37．A．funniest B．wisest C．strongest

D．kindest

38．A．fails B．matters C．advances

D．changes

39．A．need B．forget

C．question D．hate

40．A．show B．write

C．remember D．keep

Ⅲ.阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） broke

请阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并把答案填涂在答题卡上相应位置。

A

There were smiling children all the way. Clearly they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.

I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I had been on a train. I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics.

It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru was just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight. Immediately 4

I came alive; I decided to wave back.

From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time.

The day passed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug. I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car.

I looked forward to the return journey.

41. The author expected the train trip to be ____.

A. adventurous B. pleasant

C. exciting D. dull 42. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip? A. The friendly country people. B. The mountains along the way.

D. The simple lunch served on the train. C. The crowds of people in the streets.

second paragraph?

A. choose

B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on C. Butterworth. D. Singapore. 44. Where was the writer going? A. Johore Baru. B. The Causeway.

45. What can we learn from the story? A. Comfort in traveling by train. C. Reading gives people delight. B. Pleasure of living in the country. D. Smiles brighten people up.

B

Imagine what you could do with a machine that could make things disappear.

For inspiration（灵感）, you could read some books. In the books of J.R.R.Tolkein, Bilbo Baggins finds a ring that can make him disappear. Of course, there’s also poor Harry Potter, who used his invisibility cloak（隐形斗篷） to hide from danger.

Now that you’ve got some ideas, it’s time for the hard part: building the cloak. To do that, you have to give up science fiction and turn to real science. An invisibility cloak has to cheat anything or anyone who might be watching. In order to understand how something can be seen, it’s important to understand how we see.

Human beings can only see objects that reflect（反射） light waves. These waves enter the eye and are then processed(处理) by the brain. However, if an object doesn’t reflect 5 43. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the

light, then the waves don’t enter the eye, and the brain doesn’t process. So building an invisibility cloak is building something that doesn’t reflect light.

Cummer was part of a team of scientists from Duke University, including David Smith and David Schurig, who built the world’s first version（版本） of an invisibility cloak. They had been inspired by the work of a British physicist, John Pendry. He in May said that an invisibility cloak was possible and Pendry was not the only one thinking about a disappearing act. At the same time, a Scottish physicist, Ulf Leonhardt published a paper on building invisibility equipment.

“It wasn’t easy,” says Cummer. “As often happens in science and research, it didn’t work very well the first time. That first cloak didn’t work like Harry Potter’s—the scientists didn’t actually see anything disappear. So the research is still under way.”

46．The first two paragraphs serve as a(n) _______.

A．explanation B．introduction C．comment D．summary

47．The fourth paragraph is mainly about _______.

A．the principle(原理)of building an invisibility cloak B．the use of an invisibility cloak

C．the effect of building an invisibility cloak D． the reason for building an invisibility cloak

48．Cummer and other scientists got the idea of building an invisibility cloak from_____.

A．the book of J.R.R.Tolkein B．the film Harry Potter

C．the work of a British physicist D．a paper published by a Scottish physicist

49．From the text we learn that the research on an invisibility cloak ______.

A．was led by Pendry B．was very successful

C．was used in most popular movies D．is still in progress

50. What can be the best title for the text?

A．The Science of Disappearing B．The Hardest Part of Building a Cloak

C．The Invention of an Invisibility Cloak D．Turn Science Fiction into Real Science

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并把答案填涂在答题卡上相应位置。选项中有两项为多余选项。

C

Are you planning to take a course at a foreign university? Well, then you have certainly come to the right place. These tips for studying in a foreign country will surely make you feel at home in a new city. Just have a look!

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Learn about the country.

Before you leave for the country, make sure that you know something about its customs and traditions. 51 Therefore, if you wish to get used to the local way of living in a short time, you must learn about what the people eat and how they dress up. 52

This is perhaps the most important thing to keep in mind before you set off to foreign

shores to study. Make notes of all the papers you would need before and during your stay abroad, especially the visa. It is suggested that you make copies of both, your passport and visa, in case you might be required to get a new one during the course of your stay there.

Learn about the university.

When you decide to take a course in the country, it is important that you should research well. 53 Instead, talk to people who have completed their studies from that country or who are planning to move to the same country. This way you’ll get some reliable information.

Develop good communication skills.

Not only will it make it easier for you to face personal interviews but also to get along with the local people and students. 54 What a way to drive the blues away!

These tips for studying abroad can go a long way in making your stay overseas a truly memorable one. 55 Hope the time you spend abroad on studies will turn out to be the most memorable time of your life. Good luck!

A. Ensure you have all the documents(文件).

B. Know what to do in a dangerous situation.

C. Don’t just follow ads and choose one blindly.

D. Every country has its own culture, which may be different from yours.

E. You can catch a few of the commonly used words of the local language there.

F. The more you speak to people, the more you’ll end up making friends quickly. G. So, don’t let the fear of experiencing a culture shock prevent you from studying.

第二卷

Ⅳ.单词拼写与句子翻译：（共15小题；满分20分）

单词拼写：请根据所给首字母或中文写出单词的正确形式,每空一词。（10小题, 10分）

56. I am g________ to you for your timely help. Please accept my gift as a reward.

57. Although I _____(不同意)with what you said at the meeting, I will support you as usual.

58. I want to have a word with the _______ （组织者）of the party. Are they all here?

59. After the earthquake, everything in sight seemed to be in r______.

60. Those who are trapped in the flood need to be r________ at once.

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61. Many young people think they take jobs far b____ them, so they are always complaining.

62. He had been told to go s________ (直接) home, but he wouldn’t listen.

63. I do hope no one has got i_________ in the accident.

64. Can you _______（辨认出）whose handwriting this is?

65. After g_________ from college, he determined to study abroad.

句子翻译（5小题，10分）

66. We should ______ full _____ of the ______ that the leaders came up ______ last night. 我们应该好好利用领导们提出的计划表。

67. He told his mother he ______ already ______ his camera ________ the week ______. 他告诉妈妈他上周已经让人修了照相机。

68. I tried to persuade him to _______ _______ the idea of going abroad. Several days later he _____ ______ to me.

我试图说服他放弃出国的念头。几天后他屈服于我了。

69. It’s the children’s ______ towards life _______ he ______ _______ most. 他最关心的是孩子们对生活的态度。

70. _______ _____ our persuasion, he at last ______ up his ________ to leave the company. 因为我们的劝说，他最终下定决心要离开公司。

V. 单句语法填空题（10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

71. It is said that there is no _______ thing as the so-called “scientific method.

72. Because of his poor eye sight, he had great difficulty ________ (catch) every word on the whiteboard.

73. Most of the students ________ (gradual) become interested in English.

74. ____ (base) on what we have been given, can you decide who is the best one for the job?

75. Chatting in class, which was once a ________ (frequency) occurrence（发生）, is now under control.

76. We have to face the fact that our parents are no _______ young. They need to be taken care of.

77. The boy insisted that he had done nothing wrong and _______ (set) free at once.

78. I asked my friend ________ he had gone to school so late that day.

79. On weekends, we’d prefer reading books at home to _______ (bury) ourselves in work.

80. If it was not an accident, he must have done it ______ purpose.

VI.短文改错：（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除与修改。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

修改: 在错的词下面画一横线，在该词下面写出改正后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

Mrs. Zhang, who is our new teacher, so concerned about us that we are all fond of her. 8

But there was a time that I was tired of English. Sometime I even did a lot of things not concerning study at class. As a result, I went through several failure. Later she happened to discover it and talk to me face to face. In order not to make me like English, she never got tired of tell me how to learn English well. She encouraged me to keep a journal in English, trying to set down what I saw and heard. Thanks to my English teacher, I have made a great progress and am getting along well with my English study. It is the first time that I had not been afraid of English any more.

VII．书面表达（25分）

假定你是桂林中学学生会主席李华。你校将于11月8日接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排他们在桂林的一日活动。请根据以下提示，用英语给该团的领队Smith 先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动计划并简要说明理由，最后征求对方意见。

1.上午与我校学生座谈（话题如校园生活、文化差异等）；

2. 中午与我校学生共同进餐（午餐包括饺子、面条等）；

3. 下午与我校学生游漓江。

注意： 1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；

3.开头及结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr. Smith,

I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Guilin High School. ___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Yours Sincerely, Li Hua

2015-2016上高一英语期中检测答案

I. 听力理解（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）

1-5 BBBCA 6-10 BCCAC 11-15 BCBBB 16-20 CCACA

II. 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

21-25 DAABC 26-30 ABDBA 31-35 BCDCC 36-40 DDBCA

III. 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 41-45 DABCD 46-50 BACDC 51-55 DACFG

Ⅳ. 单词拼写与句子翻译：（共15小题；满分20分）

单词拼写（10小题, 10分）

56. grateful 57. disagree 58. organizers 59. ruins 60. rescued

61. beneath 62. straight 63. injured

句子翻译（5小题，10分）

66. make use/ take advantage, schedule, with

68. give up, gave in

70. Because of, made mind

9 64. recognize 65. graduating 67. had, had, repaired, with. 69. attitude, that, cares about

V.单句语法填空题（10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

71.such 72. catching 73. gradually 74. Based

78.why 75. frequent 80. on 76. longer 77. （should）be set 79. burying

V. 短文改错（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分）

Mrs. Zhang, who is our new teacher, ∧so concerned about us that we are all fond of is her. But there was a time that I was tired of English. Sometime I even did a lot of things not

when

Sometimes failures concerning study at class. As a result, I went through several failure. Later she happened

to discover it and talk to me face to face. In order (not)﹨ to make me like English, she never

talked ﹨

got tired of tell me how to learn English well. She encouraged us to keep a diary in English,

telling me

trying to set down what I saw and heard. Thanks to my English teacher, I have made ( a)﹨

﹨

great progress and am getting along well with my English study. It is the first time that I had

have

not been afraid of English any more.

VI书面表达（25分）

Dear Mr. Smith,

I’m Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union, from Guilin High School. We’re very glad to know you’ll come to our school on Nov.10, and now it’s my pleasure to introduce our schedule to you. In the morning, you’ll have a talk with the students of our school. The topic includes school life, the difference between Chinese culture and American culture. Next, we’ll have lunch together at noon and you’ll eat typical Chinese food, such as Jiaozi, noodles, etc. After that, together with us students, you’ll have a trip to Li River in the afternoon. That’s the plan for your visit. If you have any other questions, 10

please let me know.

Best wishes to you.

Yours Sincerely

Li Hua

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