【翻译】茅盾《白杨礼赞》英译

白杨礼赞

白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树！

当汽车在望不到边际的高原上奔驰，扑入你的视野的，是黄绿错综的一条大毡子；黄的，那是土，未开垦的处女土，几十万年前由伟大的自然力所堆积成功的黄土高原的外壳；绿的呢，是人类战胜自然的结果，是麦田，和风吹送，翻起了一轮一轮的绿波——这时你会真心佩服昔人所造的两个字“麦浪”，若不是妙手偶得，便确是经过锤炼的语言的精华；黄与绿主宰着，无边无垠，坦荡如砥，这时如果不是宛若并肩的远山的连峰提醒了你（这些山峰凭你的肉眼来判断，就知道是在你脚底下的），你会忘记了汽车是在高原上行驶。这时你涌起来的感想也许是“雄壮”，也许是“伟大”，诸如此类的形容词；然而同时你的眼睛也许觉得有点倦怠，你对当前的“雄壮”或“伟大”闭了眼，而另一种味儿在你的心头潜滋暗长了——“单调”！可不是，单调，有一点儿吧？

然而刹那间，要是你猛抬眼看见了前面远远地有一排，——不，或者甚至只是三五株，一二株，傲然地耸立，像哨兵似的树木的话，那你的恹恹欲睡的情绪又将如何？我那时是惊奇地叫了一声的！

那就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而实在不是平凡的一种树！

那是一种力争上游的一种树，笔直的干，笔直的枝。它的干呢，通常是丈把高，像是加过人工似的，一丈以内，绝无旁枝；它所有的丫枝呢，一律向上，而且紧紧靠拢，也像是加过人工似的，成为一束，绝无横斜逸出；它的宽大的叶子也是片片向上，几乎没有斜生的，更不用说倒垂了；它的皮，光滑而有银色的晕圈，微微泛出淡青色。这是虽在北方的风雪的压迫下却保持着倔强挺立的一种树！哪怕只有碗来精细罢，它却努力向上发展，高到丈许，二丈，参天耸立，不折不挠，对抗着西北风。

这就是白杨树，西北极普通的一种树，然而决不是平凡的树！它没有婆娑的姿态，没有屈曲盘旋的虬枝，也许你要说它不美丽，——如果美是专指“婆娑”或“横斜逸出”之类而言，那么白杨树算不得树中的好女子；但是它却是伟岸，正直，朴质，严肃，也不缺乏温和，更不用提它的坚强不屈与挺拔，它是树中伟丈夫！当你在积雪初融的高原上走过，看见平坦的大地上傲然挺立这么一株或一排白杨树，难道你觉得树只是树？难道你就想不它的朴质，严肃，坚强不屈，至少也象征了北方的农民；难道你竟一点也不联想到，在敌后的广大土地上，到处有坚强不屈，就像这白杨树一样傲然挺立的守卫他们家乡的哨兵，难道你又不更远一点想到这样枝枝叶叶靠紧团结，力求上进的白杨树，宛然象征了今天在华北平原纵横激荡，用血写出新中国历史的那种精神和意志。

白杨不是平凡的树。它是西北极普遍，不被人重视，就跟北方农民相似；它有极强的生命力，磨折不了，压迫不倒，也跟北方的农民相似。我赞美白杨树，就因为它不但象征了北方的农民，尤其象征了今天我们民族解放斗争中所不可缺的朴质，坚强，以及力求上进的精神。 让那些看不起民众，贱视民众，顽固的倒退的人们去赞美那贵族化的楠木（那也是直干秀颀的），去鄙视这极常见，极易生长的白杨罢，但是我要高声赞美白杨树！

Tribute to the White Poplar

The white poplar is no ordinary tree. Let me sing its praises.

When you travel by car through Northwest China’s boundless plateau, all you see before you is something like a huge yellow-and-green felt blanket. Yellow is the soil—the uncultivated virgin soil. It is the outer covering of the loess plateau accumulated by Mother Nature several hundred thousand years ago. Green are the wheat fields signifying man’s triumph over nature. They become a sea of rolling green waves whenever there is a soft breeze. One is here reminded of Chinese expression mai lang meaning “rippling wheat” and cannot help admiring our forefathers’ ingenuity in coining such a happy phrase. It must have been either the brainwave of a clever scholar, or a linguistic gem sanctioned by long usage. The boundless highland, with dominant yellow and green, is flat like a whetstone. Were it not for distant mountain peaks standing side by side (which, as your naked eyes tell you, are bellow where you stand), you would probably forget that you are on the highland. The sight of the scene will probably call up inside you a string of epithets like “spectacular” or “grand”. Meanwhile, however, your eyes may become weary of watching the same panorama, so much so that you are oblivious of its being spectacular or grand. And you may feel monotony coming on. Yes, it is somewhat monotonous, isn’t it?

Now what will become of your weariness if you suddenly raise your eyes only to catch sight of distant row of trees (or just a couple of them) standing there proudly like sentries. For my part, I cannot keep from uttering an exclamation of surprise! They are white poplars. Though very common in Northwest China, they are no ordinary trees!

With straight trunks and branches, white poplars aim high. Their trunks are usually over ten feet tall and, as if wrought by human effort, utterly bare of branches below ten feet. Their twigs, also like things artificially shaped, all reach out towards the sky and grow close together in a cluster without any sideway growth. Their leaves are broad and point upwards with very few slanting sideways, much less upside down. Their glossy barks are a faint light green with hazy silver spots. They stand erect and unbending in face of North China’s violent wind and snow. Though they may be only as big as the mouth of bowl, they strive to grow upwards until they reach the towering height of some twenty feet and stand indomitable against the northwest wind. They are white poplar. Though very common in Northwest China, they are no ordinary tree! You may call them unattractive because they have neither the graceful carriage of a dancer, nor such branches as can twine and climb. But nevertheless they are big and tall, honest and upright, simple and plain, earnest and unyielding—and not without gentleness and warmth though. They are giants among trees! When you trudge through the melting snow of the highland and see one or a row of white poplars standing

proudly on the vast plains, how could you look upon them as nothing but mere trees? How could you forget that with all their simplicity, earnestness and unyieldingness, they are symbolic of our peasants in the North? How could you fail to associate them with our dauntless soldiers guarding our homeland all over the vast rear? How could you fail to see that these trees, ever striving to put out their closely knit branches and leaves in an upward direction, are symbolic of the spirit and will of our men who, fighting heroically all over the northern plains, are writing the history of New China with their own blood?

White poplars are no ordinary trees. But these common trees in Northwest China are as much ignored as our peasants in the North. However, like our peasants in the North, they are bursting with vitality and capable of surviving any hardship or oppression. I pay tribute to them because they symbolize our peasants in the North and, in particular, the spirit of honesty, tenacity and forging ahead—a spirit central to our struggle for national liberation.

The reactionary diehards, who despise and snub the common people, can do whatever they like to eulogize the elite nanmu (which is also tall, straight and good-looking) and look down upon the common, fast-growing white poplar. I, for my part, will be loud in my praise of the latter!

(张培基 译)

茅盾，原名沈德鸿，字雁冰。浙江桐乡人。中国现代著名作家、文学评论家、文化活动家以及社会活动家，五四新文化运动先驱者之一，我国革命文艺奠基人之一。1896年7月4日生于浙江桐乡县乌镇。这是个太湖南部的鱼米之乡，是近代以来中国农业最为发达之区，它毗邻着现代化的上海，又是人文荟萃的地方，这里成就了茅盾勇于面向世界的开放的文化心态，以及精致入微的笔风。茅盾于19xx年3月27日辞世。

第二篇：白杨礼赞教学设计

《白杨礼赞》教学设计

教学目标：

一、 学习白杨树的象征手法，感受中华儿女朴质、坚强、力求上进的精神和意志。

二、找出富有感情的语句，并理解这些句子的含义。

教学过程：

第一课时（预习课）

一、 导入新课

白杨树是极易见的一种树，房前、屋后、河畔，公路旁都有它的身影。（多媒体再现白杨画卷，配以舒缓的背景音乐）。这些画面给你什么样的感受？优美、宁静??

这节课，我们要随着茅盾的笔回到抗日战争的年代，到西北高原去走一走，看看那儿生长的白杨树是一种什么样的英姿。

二、诵读课文，整体感知课文

可从以下方面考虑：

1、这篇课文的题目为《白杨礼赞》，为什么说是“礼赞”？

教师备案： 课文题目运用“礼赞”这个词语充分表达了作者对看似白杨实则北方农民以至民族精神的崇敬和赞美之情。

2、用你喜欢的方式为课文设计一个合理的结构图。

3、语言犹如文章的衣服，一篇好的文章离不开精彩的语言，你认为文中哪些词语、句子用得最帖切、生动、富于表现力。

教师备案： 给学生学法指导，用比较联想法去品读语言。

第二课时（阅读课）

师生根据本篇文章学习的重点确定学习的主题，阅读《主题学习》材料

如：《井冈翠竹》《风景谈》《白杨》《爱尔克的灯光》《月牙儿》

第三课时（展示课）

一、 导入新课

树是大自然中一道美丽的风景，我们欣赏过“碧玉妆成一树高，万条垂下绿丝绦“的柳的风韵，我们瞻仰过”大雪压青松，青松挺且直”的松的雄姿，我们也遥望过墙角数枝梅，凌寒独自开“的梅的倩影。这节课我们将走近白杨树的生命。

二、配乐朗读课文，理清文章思路

1、 有人把散文《白杨礼赞》比作是一幅浓墨重彩的油画，那么，你的脑海中浮现了哪些画面，请大家以小组为单位对你们的结构图作最后的商榷，然后板书在黑板上。

2、请一位小组代表说说你们的理由。

三、比较赏析，品味美点

让各组分别按准备情况展示对文章的认识。可结合重点语句的品读、赏析进行展示；可对文章整体的赏析进行展示；可进行比较阅读，引入《主题学习》材料《井冈翠竹》《风景谈》《白杨》《爱尔克的灯光》《月牙儿》丰富对文章的认识。也可结合自己感受，说感悟、谈体验。小组成员之间可以互相补充、质疑。

四、探究主旨，把握“象征”

白杨树与农民、哨兵和民族解放斗争中的精神之间的联系在于什么？那么“井冈翠竹”呢？“白杨”呢？等等。假如你是老师，你将如何为学生理解象征搭建一座桥梁。

教师备案：理解象征手法关键在于找出象征本体和象征对象之间的联系。象征是通过特定的容易引起联想的形象表现与之相似或相近特点的概念，思想或感情的艺术手法，它不仅是文学创作的手法，而且在艺术生活中也广泛运用。

多媒体出示：

象征运用欣赏（一）：多媒体出示中华人民共和国五十年大庆平面广告的图片，并配以评析的文字。

象征运用欣赏（二）：鲍金的油画《五种感觉》配以评析的文字。

象征运用（拓展练习）：多媒体出示20xx年北京奥运会会标。

查阅相关资料，谈一谈你对会标图像及象征意义的理解。

五、心灵对话

在你身边是否有一些和白杨树一样平凡的普通人，你是否也能发现他们身上的美？ 在你心中，美的标准是什么？（不需要给美下定义，只要谈出你对美独到的认识） 教师备案：心灵善良是一种美

朴素是一种美

妈妈劳碌的身影是一种美

孩子纯真的笑容是一种美