《瑞普凡温克尔》读后感

《瑞普凡温克尔》是华盛顿欧文的代表作《新闻札记》里的一篇故事小说，它和其中的《睡谷的传说》经常被人提起，为人津津乐道。《瑞》是欧文以德国的民间故事为雏形，加以自己大胆离奇的想象，再融合美国革命前后大的自然环境，经过重新加工改编而成。从文章对荷兰小山村的描绘，对农民生活状态的描绘，可以看出华盛顿欧文已将自己的灵魂同旧时一派安然和谐的村庄紧紧联合在了一起，他对小山村有着乐天安命的知足感，那片土地深深烙印在他心里，他早已习惯了温和平静和谐的山村生活，对那份和谐有着深深依恋的情感。因而在独立战争发生后，英国变成了美国，乔治三世换成了投票选举总统。这一切突然的变化打破了以前和谐理想的生活，破坏了事物发展的法则。可能由于保守，欧文抵触美国革命带来的变化，难以接受现在的美国。

故事情节如下：

瑞普是荷兰小山村的一个普通农民，他在村子里很受欢迎，村妇有需要帮忙的活计找上他，他有求必应。孩童也喜欢跟他相处，因为他教他们放风筝，参加他们的游戏，并且还给他们讲精彩的故事。村里象他一般的闲人野士也爱同他交往，他们在一起总能聊的来，似乎他们的话题能够达到精神上的共鸣。

瑞普在外的人缘并不象在家同样受欢迎，相反，他在家里处处受他老婆的指责，不光在家里，有时候在外面也会挨到妻子披头盖脸的训斥，有时甚至牵连到他的谈话伙伴。他妻子并不是无理取闹，任意发脾气的悍妇，这都是瑞普的原因，他逃避任何体力活儿，也不会为家里挣工钱，他不理会自家的任何活计，却对邻居的不管轻重的活儿热心帮助，因为他不给家里造半分福，所以常常惹恼他的妻子，在家里他无时无刻不在忍受着妻子絮叨，仰头望天发呆是他回避问题的方法，也是他无奈的反抗。

实在忍受不了了，他就带着和他同命相连的狗一起躲到深山老林里。瑞普拨草，扶树根，攀长石，找到一块平地，然后和他的枪一块躺下，他的伙伴沃尔夫在他身旁来回转着。

睡梦中他听到有人叫他的名子，循声找去，原来是个老着要他帮忙担酒。他帮老人把酒担到了山洞，老者和洞里的人一样穿着奇怪的衣服，他们在玩九柱油戏，

所有人表情严肃，不言不语，他们要求他倒酒给他们喝，他也偷喝了许多酒，直至喝醉。等到瑞普再次醒来，已是二十年过去了，但他现在浑然不知。他的狗不见了，随身的枪杆也是锈迹斑斑了。

瑞普腰也不太好了，体力差了，胡子也长很长了。他再回到村庄后，发现大多数房子变了，酒馆变了，插的旗也变了。经过打听，他原来的老邻居有参军的，有打仗的，有早死的，女儿结婚了还生了孩子，儿子此时象他年轻时的翻版。唯一给他欣慰的消息是他的妻子死了，再没有人不停地数落他了。从此后他住在女儿家，结识了村庄里新的谈客，继续谈论令人发困的话题，还有他的传奇故事。

第二篇：瑞普凡》温克尔 读后感

Washing Irving is the father of American literature. He writes the immortal Rip Van Winkle which symbolizes the beginning of Romanticism.Rip Van Winkle is a short story written by Washington Irving .It was published in 1819. It was part of a collection of stories entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon. The story has become a part of cultural mythology: even for those who have never read the original story, "Rip Van Winkle" means either a person who sleeps for a long period of time, or one who is inexplicably (perhaps even blissfully) unaware of current events. Winkle is a succor as human being,but he is a failure as a farmer.

The story, written while Irving was staying with his sister Sarah and her husband Henry van Wart in Birmingham, England, is set in the years before and after the American Revolution.This story sharped of a German folk tale.The choice of "Van Winkle" for the character's name may have been influenced by the fact that Irving's New York publisher was C. S. Van Winkle.

The most remarkable thing about Washington's Irving's Rip Van Winkle is that he is transported through history. The meanings of Irving's story associate with this fact. The character of Rip Van Winkle and his

circumstances also reflect the theme of the story. Irving's story is, of course, humorous and its meanings are not serious.After Rip Van Winkle’s sleep,he become a citizen of a totally new kind of country. Through this strange adventure, Irving comments on the difference between life in the new republic and life under British rule. He uses this story to poke fun at the pretensions of Americans who believe that they have completely transformed the world and produced a society that is entirely new. New generations come along that bring change, but old values and traditions-as well as family lines-remain alive and thriving. In “Rip Van Winkle,” Washington Irving conveys the theme of a changing world with the essence of an underlying sentimentality. This story shows the radical changes that affect a small village in the Catskill Mountains after the Revolutionary War. The sense of sentimentality is shown in Rip’s yearning for the twenty years he missed while sleeping, and also in the simple times villagers lived in before the revolt against Great Britain. In The Reference Guide to American Literature, Daniel Hoffman says, “Irving’s pervasive theme of nostalgia for the unrecoverable past is here at once mythologized and made unforgettable” . This observation is the central idea in “Rip Van Winkle” made apparent to the reader through several specific occasions.

Rip Van Winkle is warmhearted person though not successful in tending the farm. He is kind to the villagers and is always willing to help them, thus, the neighborhood is undoubtedly fond of him. But he is not popular at home as on the outside, he wastes lots of time everyday doing meaningless things and wanders about everywhere.He would like to chat with others rather than help his wife to do works.

Rip Van Winkle had very opposing character traits. He was hardworking, giving, as well as lazy. Rip Van Winkle was hardworking and giving because he helped out everyone in his community. Whether it was building fences for his fellow neighbors, or keeping the children busy by playing with them. He was always out there working in his town and giving back to his community. However, Rip was also very lazy. When it came to his home life, he was unproductive and didn't work at all on his farm. Rip's farm was described as "His fences were continually falling to pieces...weeds were sure to grow quicker in his fields than anywhere else." (126) Rip would rather go out hunting or drinking with his fellow villagers at the tavern than work on his own farm. He always found some excuse not to work "The rain always made a point of setting in just as he had some outdoor work to do so that though his patrimonial estate had dwindled away under his management, acre by acre." (126) and he did not care about what is happening on his farm. This description of Rip's home clearly shows that while Rip was out bettering his community and giving back to everyone else he was letting his own home fall apart to pieces. While Rip's hardworking and giving characteristics are always good in a person, his laziness isn't. He should be more proficient and think about improving his own home instead of always giving to others.

Rip Van Winkle, a good-natured and hen-pecked man who has motherly wife and a little son. He lives in a village surrounding by many mystical mountains.He is an idle ambitionless person. He is always attended to anybody’s business but himself. His wife makes him into the continuous trouble. Rip has to search comfort by wandering with the dog, talking with the idle philosophers in the village, but he can’t really get comfort from them. He does everything except take care of his own farm and family. He helps everyone except his wife and his own child. His wife is a shrew, a virago when he helps others do something, which made her

so angry that often complained to him, and he always put down his head and had no words. In fact, he is so upset about this that he just wanted to run away. One day, he climbs the mountain with a new gun and followed by his loyal dog. He stays near the top of the mountain where he meets a group of odd-looking people playing at nine-pins. Out of curiosity, and being a thirsty soul drinks their wine and falls asleep. The drink is further escape from his woes, and makes his life goes on even in his death like sleep. He wakes up to find an old gun and his dog was missing. He feels daze so much and doesn’t know what had happened. Back in his village, the first occasion where Rip feels a strong sense of nostalgia is when he sees his dog, Wolf, whom he believed was dead or lost after not finding him in the mountains. Wolf is Rip’s closest companion, he finds everything has changed. He knows nobody and nobody knows him. He can’t understand how his wife vanished when he slept for a while and just had a dream. Finally, someone realizes him and he discovers that he has slept for twenty years. His wife has died, and his son has married, so Rip and his son live together. At last, Rip is respected by others as an old man, and he is glad that he doesn’t need to do things and become a “free” man.

The humor of Rip Van Winkle's situation comes from his relations with his wife and from his own flawed character. He is said to be "an obedient, henpecked husband" and his wife is described as a "shrew" , their home becomes a "fiery furnace of domestic tribulation". In the end, After his long sleep, he has escaped the "despotism" of her "petticoat government" and has gotten "his neck out of the yoke of matrimony" . Despite the fact that this seems quite misogynist, it was certainly as clear to Irving as it is to the modern reader that Dame Van Winkle had a great deal to complain about.

Rip, the hero of the fiction, is the first typical image of dropouts. He escapes to the mountains to find comfort and quiet, but on the other hand, he escapes the reality and responsibility and people around Rip, the nostalgic old men and the idle young people, are images of dropouts. Rip, is regarded as a symbol for the American people. Before revolution, the American people were also trying to live a peaceful life and the rule of the British government made it impossible. The America suffered the oppression for a long time after revolution independent from the yoke of British colonial rule.

This novel reveals conservative attitude of Irving. Irving was unwilling to accept a modern democratic America both Winkle and Irving prefer the past. It might be an illustration of Irving’s argument that revolution upset the natural order of things.

Irving's taste was essentia1ly conservative and always exa1ted a disappearing past. This socia1 conservatism and literary preference for the past is revea1ed, to some extent, in his famous story "Rip Van Winkle." The story is a tale remembered mostly for Rip's 20-year s1eep, set against the background of the inevitably changing America. Rip went to sleep before the War of Independence and woke up after it. The change that had occurred in the 20 years he slept was to him not always for the better. The revolution upset the natural order of things. In the story Irving ski1lfu1ly presents to us paralleled juxtapositions of two totally different worlds before and after Rip's 20 years' s1eep. By moving Rip back and forth from a noisy world with his wife on the farm to a wild but peaceful natural world in the mountains, and from a pre-Revolution village to a George Washington era, lrving describes Rip's response and reaction in a dramatic way, so that we see clearly both the narrator and Irving agree on the preferabi1ity of the past to the present, and the preferability of a dream-like world to the real one. Irving never seemed to accept a modern democratic America.