大学生日常开销情况调查报告

随着高等教育的普及，近年来高校大规模的扩招，使越来越多的学生走进了高等教育的殿堂。从而形成了一个拥有人数众多的高等教育市场。大学生消费市场作为其中重要的组成部分也越来越多地成为人们关注的焦点。父母用这样一种观念“再穷也不能穷孩子”，也让大学生的消费能力高出了一般水平。

如何正确面对这一消费市场，如何了解大学生的消费情况及对社会经济的影响呢?为此，我分别对郑州大学的三个院系：化工与能源，机械学院，旅游与管理学院以及随机抽取的部分同学的消费状况进行了调查，从而对当今大学生的消费情况有了一个全面细致的了解。以下是这次调查的具体内容及我对此情况的分析:

一、大学生消费的特点

大学生作为社会消费的一个特殊群体，有着不同于社会其他消费群体的消费心理和行为。据调查，我们可以清醒的看出大学生消费存在着以下特点。

1、 消费观念复杂 大学生没有经济来源，经济独立性差，消费没有基础，经济的非独立性决定了大学生自主消费经验少，不能理性地对消费价值与成本进行衡量。大学生没有形成完整的，稳定的消费观念，自控能力不强，多数消费都是受媒体宣传诱导或是受身边同学影响而产生的随机消费，冲动消费。这也正是大学生消费示范效应的结果。据调查目前在校大学生中有40%对手机的消费存在着很大的盲目性。拥有手机的大学生中，一部分手机消费，家庭经济条件允

许;另一部分有手机消费需要，但是家庭经济条件负担不起的情况下“趋前”消费;还有一部分是既无消费需要又无家庭经济条件负担的“奢侈”消费。而“奢侈”消费则是由大学生消费的示范效应，攀比心理导致的。

2、 学生对品牌的忠诚度很高 大学生消费在一定程度上会相信自己的真实体验，如果使用某种品牌产品产生好的体验，就会坚持使用，从而逐步形成固定偏好，最终形成使用习惯，保持对此产品良好的忠诚度。比如洗发水，感性认识上的气味清香，质量好，效果明显，都会促使他们继续使用下去。

3、 消费倾向多样化 当代的大学生们已不再满足于宿舍、教室、图书馆三点一线的单调生活。娱乐、运动、手机、电脑以及新型的电子产品都成了大学生消费的热点。大学生的消费已呈现明显的多元化趋势。如果经济条件允许，大部分学生会去旅游，去饭店、ＫＴＶ消费，或是购买名牌电脑，手机、反映出大学生具有走出校园、融入社会、拥有高质量生活的渴望。

二、大学生消费的结构和层次分析

1、生活费来源方面, 大约有75%的同学依靠父母，13%的同学依靠助学贷款，8%的同学获得了奖学金，9%的同学通过打工补贴日常开销，另有1%的同学还需减免学费。由此可见, 同学们主要的经济来源是父母，但来源趋向于多元化。但生活费不包括学杂费和住宿费等，如果加上去，来自父母的比例将更高，可以这么说，大学生基本上还是以一个纯消费者的身份出现在社会的舞台上。

2、消费去向问题，调查表明大学生的生活费主要用于衣食住行，消费金额较大的比如手机、电脑、各类培训并不含在其中。而网上购物已成为大学生主要消费品，这从下面分析中可以看出。 手机已经成为现代人必不可少的交流工具，高校学生是名牌手机使用普及率最高的人群之一。大学生消费结构呈现出类似于正立锥形的结构。家庭比较富裕的同学位于锥形的上端，他们拥有电脑、名牌手机等贵重物品;家庭贫寒的同学则处于锥形的下端，他们往往要靠勤工助学或贷款来维持大学正常生活;其他同学则位于锥形的中间，他们衣食无忧，生活水平居中。同时，从以上的分析可以清醒的看出，从锥形的上端到锥形的下端依次降低，这也鲜明的体现了大学生消费的层次性。

三、大学生消费对家庭和社会的影响

大学生消费直接影响着家庭。作为一个纯消费者，平均每年约一万元的费用对于一个家庭来说，可谓是重中之重了。就拿普通家庭三口人来说，满足一个大学生一年的消费将花去家庭收入的大部分，对于农村的家庭而言更甚。虽然由于经济的发展，农村和城市居民的收入都得到了相应的提高，生活水平得到改善，家庭用于大学生消费的比重普遍下降，但下降缓慢且比重之大已经是某些家庭所难以承受的。一个大学生的消费占到城市家庭收入的45%左右，特别是农村，可占到80%~90%。无疑，目前大学生的消费已经给学生及其家庭造成了很大的经济压力，特别一些贫困家庭，在调查中发现有20%的同学需要通过申请助学贷款来完成大学四年的学业，他们连自己的生活都难以保证，更不用说这近万元的费用了。大学生的消费特点和

消费行为决定了大学生消费的影响不只局限于家庭，市场上的很多消费都与大学生息息相关，大学生消费已直接影响着整个消费市场和国民经济。目前，大学生消费市场已经形成，这是高等教育发展的结果，也是社会主义市场经济发展的必要。它已经成为我国社会主义市场经济的一个有机组成部分，随着社会的发展，高等教育的普及，它将会发挥更大的作用。

四、有关大学生消费的几点建议

大学生消费不仅仅关系到自己、学校，而且还是关系到整个社会的问题。对于本次的调查结果，我想从个人、学校、社会三方面对大学生消费提出几点建议。

1. 对于大学生而言，要树立自己合理的消费观念，要理智地对待自己的消费。作为一个纯消费者，大学生经济来源大多靠家庭，所以自己的消费要考虑到家庭的经济状况，父母的承受能力，还要有自制能力，不能盲目地陷入感性消费的误区。如今有的学生消费上大手大脚，还有沉迷于盲目消费中，比如许多大学生沉迷于网络游戏，这将大大增加自己的消费负担，更重要的是大学生也会在盲目的消费中迷失自己，以至影响到自己的学业。另外，大学生也要具有消费者的维权意识，进入大学，已经开始慢慢地融入社会，社会中欺骗消费者的各种不法行为屡禁不止，面对纷繁复杂的社会，大学生要学会维护自己的合法权利。

2. 学校应加强对学生消费观念培养。事实求是，高校思想政治教育对学生消费观教育还没有形成足够的重视。对大学生消费

心理和行为研究不足。由于对大学生的消费心理和行为了解不够全面和客观以及课程设臵等因素，与人生观、劳动观、金钱观、国情观等重要思想观念紧密相关的消费观的专题教育在思想品德修养课中没有充分开展，从而也难以达到真正的指导目的。

3. 对于社会而言，要积极开拓大学生消费市场，从产品的种类、价格、服务多方面满足不同经济条件大学生的需求，同时要规范市场秩序，为大学生确立一个公正的市场环境让其消费。无论从哪方面讲,大学生的消费市场已不再是可有可无的了，它已严重影响着高校周围地区经济的发展。

4. 对大学生来说还应加强合理储蓄的观念。诺贝尔经济学奖得主罗伯特清崎曾经说过:“理财与你挣了多少钱没关系，它是测算你能留住多少钱以及能让这些钱为你工作多久的能力。”在调查时，当问及对理财的认识时，很多同学表示陌生。当问及一学期结束后经济情况如何时，大部分同学都坦然承认自己的消费已经超出计划范围，甚至有些同学还需要向别人借回家的路费，略有剩余的同学也想着如何把剩余的钱花完，只有极个别同学有储蓄的意识。

感悟：

大学生是一个特殊的社会群体，有着自己特殊的消费观念和消费行为，一方面，他们有着旺盛的消费需求，另一方面，他们尚未获得经济上的独立，消费受到很大的制约。消费观念的超前和消费实力的滞后，使得大学生消费呈现出不同一般的发展，大学生消费受

到方方面面的影响，也会影响着方方面面。对于成长中的大学生,其世界观、人生观、价值观正处于定型阶段，极易受家长、教师、同学及社会其它成员的影响,具有较强的可塑性。因而,如何引导当代大学生树立正确的、健康的消费观念是摆在大家面前的一个难题。同样大学生消费市场随着经济的发展，高校的大规模扩招而越来越显示出它的重要性，大学生市场是一个规模和潜力都很巨大的市场，如何规范并合理的发展这样一个市场也是摆在我们大家面前一个刻不容缓的问题。只有在学生、家庭、学校和社会的共同关注和共同努力下，大学生消费才会一路走上

院系：化工与能源

专业：安全工程

班级：二班

学号：20130350207

姓名：李金满

第二篇：大学生日常消费情况调查报告(英文版)

《英语写作教程》的学期论文

The Survey of the University Students’ Daily Consumption

大学生日常消费情况调查

Name: Cherry 1012011026

    Ann 1012011027

姓名: 汪敏 1012011026

李春晖 1012011027

Class: English Major of Class One

班级：英本（1）班

I. Introduction

    Bill Mckibben has ever said that consumerism is the most powerful ideology so far--now, there is no place on the earth can escape the magic of wonderful life desire ." China is experiencing the development of economy, politics, culture and social life that never have been. Besides, with the increasing of international cooperation, the inter-company, the coming of foreign media, the pragmatism and f hedonism of western countries have great influences on the Chinese. Therefore, we need to call for new conception of consumption, establish healthy consumption pattern, create optimistic consumption culture and improve the harmony between people and people, people and nature, people and society.

  Contemporary university student is a special group of the society. On the one hand, they are one of the major group of consumption, they have independent realization and characteristics of consumption. On the other hand, they are the leader power of the major power and consumption tendency of future China. Thus, their consumption situation, attitude and pattern will have vital effects on the economy development and consumption culture. In order to have better understanding these issues, it is necessary to make a survey to have a deep look into university students’ daily consumption.

                                                               

Key Words: University students; Consumption; Survey; Question

II. Survey

It’s quite important for us to know how to arrange our money in our daily life. And to know more detailed information about the way university students spend their money, Cherry and Ann made a survey in Hefei University from May 8, 20## to May 16, 2012. Actually, the subject of this survey was the English Major student, and the way of this survey was sampling survey. In other words, 120 students were chose to join the survey, and then the result of the survey was recorded by charts and graphs. , The types of survey were the longitudinal study and the comparison, and the findings are in the following information.

III. Findings

After adding up and summarizing the data we got from the questionnaires, we make the following charts and graphs.

The chart1 is the data of university students’ daily consumption, and you could find that the board and snacks fee are in majority of university students’ daily consumption. In other words, students spend much of their living expenses in foods. Besides, some students also spend parts of their living expenses in luxury products, such as Cosmetics and nutrition. But these products are too expensive to afford now to them. What’s more, many students don’t spend much money in their studies. And it is really a surprise to find that.

Next, the comparison type of study is used to get more information about the daily consumption of university students.

    As you can see, the chart2 is a comparison between male and female undergraduates’ daily consumption. It’s very easy to find that male undergraduates’ spend much more money in board than female undergraduates, while females spend much more money in snacks, luxury products and clothes. And from this, you could find that there are some differences between males and females. Females take more attentions to their appearance, and they want to be different and unique. In contrast, males have high demand food services. In addition, females work harder than males, so they spend much more money in learning.

    The chart3 is also a comparison, but now, the subject of the survey is only the female university students, and the variable is the time. Then you would find that the females have a different way to arrange and spend their money in different grades. When they become sophomore from freshman, they spend less money in their foods, including board and snacks, but spend a litter more money in luxuries and clothes, as well as learning. The reason may be they want to be more charming or mature, and they work more hared because they have a TM4 examination in sophomore year.

    And the chart4 tells us the males’ different way of spending money in different grades. And it’s obvious that male students spend much less money in board, but spending more in snacks, luxury products, and clothes. So, it is not right to say only females care about their appearance, the male students also care. Besides, they also spend more money in learning because of the TM4 examination.

   From the above charts, you can find there are many wrong attitudes and ways to spend money, so here are some solutions to solve them.

IV. Solutions

  According to the survey results and analysis, there are mainly four methods to solve the problems. Firstly, it is very important to strengthen students’ independent realization and the ability of managing money matters. This kind of ability is important in the competitive society. The financial management is not only the simple calculation of numbers and the simple balance of incomes and expenses, it needs independent action and logical thinking. University time is the golden period of financial management, thus, having a good consumption habit will benefit us a lot in the future. Secondly, we need to overcome the mentality of comparing unrealistically. Due to different living condition and background, the differences of consumption ability cannot be avoided. What we need to do is to set the right attitude and scientific realization of consumption. We can communicate with our parents and teachers or professional psychological help when we are confused. Thirdly, facing to the present consumption of students and the misleading of consumption education, school should take the responsibility to help students set up right view on this issue through class meeting, lectures, competition and other ways. It is better if they can cooperate with the parents. Fourthly, students should pay more attention on the spiritual consumption and develop good consumption habits. University students don’t have fixed income. Thus , spiritual consumption can compensate the lack of material consumption and rich the cultural life. University students need to edify sentiment and gain knowledge through all kinds of educational cultural activities.

   Generally speaking, pursuit pragmatic and rational consumption are the mainstream of university students. However, there are still few of them who aren’t. If those cannot change the irrational attitude on time, it will bring bad effects on both students’ psychological health and burden the economy pressure of family and even the development of society. Thus, the effort of students, parents and school should be paid continuously.

V. Appendix

大学生日常消费情况问卷调查表

您好！我们是合肥学院的学生，正在对大学生日常消费的情况进行调查，希望您能在百忙之中抽出时间完成我们的问卷。我们只是希望得到相关真实数据，绝对不会透露您的隐私。

谢谢您的协作！

性别：____________

年级：____________

1.大一时您每月的生活费大约为多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A．500以下  B. 500-1000元  C. 1000-1500元  D. 1500元以上

2.大一时您每月的伙食费占您生活费的多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A. 30%以下   B. 30%-50%   C. 50%-80%   D. 80%以上

3.大一时您每月的零食费占您生活费的多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A．10%以下  B. 10%-25%   C.25%-35%   D.35%以上

4.大一时您每月花在奢饰品（包括营养品、化妆品等）上的费用占您生活费的多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A．10%以下  B.10%-15%   C.15%-20%   D. 20%以上

5.大一时您每月花在衣物上的费用占您生活费的多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A．5%以下   B.5%-10%    C.10%-15%   D. 15%-20%

6.大一时您每月花在学习上的费用占您生活费的多少（请打√）？大二时呢（请画    ）？

A．5%以下  B.5%-8%     C.8%-10%     D.10%以上

7.您日常的开销主要在哪方面呢
A. 饮食  B.服饰  C.化妆品  D.学习资料、考证费用    D.人情往来（生日礼物、节日礼物等）  E.其他___________

8.与大一相比，您哪方面的支出有哪些变化呢？产生这些变化的原因是什么？

9.您觉得您各项消费支出占总支出的比例合理吗？有哪些不足？

10．对于大学生消费情况您有什么看法或建议吗？