Java实验报告

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第二篇：java实验报告实验六Java图形用户界面

信 息 工 程 学 院

Java程序设计 实习报告

JAVA图形用户界面

实验六Java图形用户界面

1．实验目的

（1）掌握图形用户界面基本组件。

（2）了解如何使用布局管理器对组件进行管理。

（3）掌握Java事件处理机制。

2．实验内容

实验题1 编写一个模拟计算器的程序，使用面板和网格布局，添加一个文本框，10个数字按钮(0-9)，4个加减乘除按钮，一个等号按钮，一个清除按钮，要求将计算公式和结果显示在文本框中。

运行结果：

实验报告的内容与格式按任课教师的要求书写。

加法：

主要代码：

private void initComponents() {

setStub(null); jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton3 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton4 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton5 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton6 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton7 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton8 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton9 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton10 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton11 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton12 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton13 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton14 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jButton15 = new javax.swing.JButton(); jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField();

jButton1.setText("3"); jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton2.setText("1"); jButton2.addActionListener(new }); } jButton1ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton3.setText("5"); jButton3.addActionListener(new }); } jButton2ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton4.setText("2"); jButton4.addActionListener(new }); } jButton3ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton5.setText("6"); }); } jButton4ActionPerformed(evt);

jButton5.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton6.setText("8"); jButton6.addActionListener(new }); } jButton5ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton7.setText("4"); jButton7.addActionListener(new }); } jButton6ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton8.setText("7"); jButton8.addActionListener(new }); } jButton7ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton9.setText("0"); jButton9.addActionListener(new }); } jButton8ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton10.setText("9"); jButton10.addActionListener(new }); } jButton9ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton11.setText("\u00f7"); jButton11.addActionListener(new }); } jButton10ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton12.setText("\u00d7"); jButton12.addActionListener(new }); } jButton11ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton13.setText("-"); jButton13.addActionListener(new }); } jButton12ActionPerformed(evt); java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

}); } jButton13ActionPerformed(evt); jButton14.setText("+"); jButton14.addActionListener(new

java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

jButton15.setText("="); jButton15.addActionListener(new }); } jButton14ActionPerformed(evt);

java.awt.event.ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {

}); } jButton15ActionPerformed(evt);

实验题2 编写一个程序，有一个窗口，该窗口为BorderLayout布局。窗口的中心添加一个Panel容器：pCenter，pCenter的布局是7行7列的GridLayout布局，pCenter的中放置49个标签，用来显示日历。窗口北面添加一个Panel容器pNorth，其布局是FlowLayout布局，pNorth放置两个按钮：nextMonth和previousMonth按钮，单击nextMonth,可以显示当前月的下一个月的日历；单击previousMonth按钮，可以显示当前月的上一个月的日历。窗口的南面添加一个Panel容器pSouth，其布局是FlowLayout布局，pSouth中放置一个标签用来显示一些信息。运行结果如图所示。

图3.8 运行结果图

[基本要求] 编写完整程序。

运行结果：

主要代码：

private JLabel[] buttonDay = new JLabel[42]; private JButton[] buttonWeek = new JButton[7]; private JLabel labelMonth = new JLabel();

private JButton buttonLastMonth = new JButton(); private JButton buttonNextMonth = new JButton(); private JPanel pCenter=new JPanel();

private JPanel pNorth=new JPanel();

private JPanel pSouth=new JPanel();

private JLabel time=new JLabel();

public Calender() {

super("Calender");

setBounds(250, 200, 600, 500);

setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

buttonLastMonth.setText("上月");

buttonLastMonth.addActionListener(this);

pNorth.add(buttonLastMonth);

buttonNextMonth.setText("下月");

buttonNextMonth.addActionListener(this);

pNorth.add(buttonNextMonth);

getContentPane().add(pNorth,BorderLayout.NORTH);

getContentPane().add(pCenter,BorderLayout.CENTER);

pCenter.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,7));

for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {

buttonWeek[i] = new JButton();

buttonWeek[i].setText(stringWeekCn[i]);

pCenter.add(buttonWeek[i]);

}

for (int i = 0; i < 42; i++) {

buttonDay[i] = new JLabel();

buttonDay[i].setText(" ");

pCenter.add(buttonDay[i]);

}

实验题3 实现如图3.9所示的布局方式

功能：前两个文本框输入整型数据。第三个文本框存放前两个文本框数据之和。 要求如下：

第一个文本框的数据是[100，200],如果超出该范围弹出对话框提示用户。弹出提示对话框的时刻是光标离开第一个文本框时。

图3.9 求和

运行结果：

检验输入数据范围：

主要代码：

class MouseHander extends MouseAdapter

{

public MouseHander(JTextField c)

{

current=c;

}

public void mousePressed(MouseEvent event) {

if(current==result)

{

double

firstNumber=Double.parseDouble(first.getText()); double

secondNumber=Double.parseDouble(second.getText());

double Result=firstNumber+secondNumber; result.setText(""+Result);

}

else current.setText("");

}

private JTextField current;

}

class MouseMotionHander extends MouseMotionAdapter

{

public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent event) {

double

number=Double.parseDouble(first.getText());

if(number<100||number>200)

{

int type=JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE;

JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,new String("输入数字必须在100~200之间"),"提示", 2);

}

}

}

实验题4 编写一个显示图像文件的Application应用程序，在该程序JFrame窗体中添加JPanel面板和一个JToolBar工具栏，在工具栏上添加一个JButton“打开”按扭，单击“打开”按纽，弹出JFileChooser文件打开选择对话框，选择图像文件后将其显示在JPnel面板中。

运行结果：

主要代码：

public class NewJFrame extends javax.swing.JFrame {

private JPanel jPanel1; private JPanel jPanel2; private JButton jButton2; private JButton jButton1; private String filePath = "";

/** * Auto-generated main method to display this JFrame */ public static void main(String[] args) { } public NewJFrame() { } private void initGUI() { setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); { jPanel1 = new JPanel(true); FlowLayout jPanel1Layout = new FlowLayout(); getContentPane().add(jPanel1, try { super(); initGUI(); SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { }); public void run() { } NewJFrame inst = new NewJFrame(); inst.setLocationRelativeTo(null); inst.setVisible(true); BorderLayout.NORTH);

jPanel1.setPreferredSize(new

java.awt.Dimension(384, 43));

jPanel1.setLayout(jPanel1Layout); { jButton2 = new JButton(); jPanel1.add(jButton2); jButton2.setText("Open"); jButton2.setBounds(104, 12, 62, 22); jButton2.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(76, 22));

jButton2.addActionListener(new

ActionListener() {

public void

actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) {

jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);

} {

jButton1 = new JButton(); jPanel1.add(jButton1); jButton1.setText("Close");

jButton1.setBounds(204, 12, 62, 22); jButton1.setPreferredSize(new });

}

java.awt.Dimension(72, 22));

jButton1.addMouseListener(new

MouseAdapter() {

public void

mousePressed(MouseEvent evt) {

System.exit(0); //TODO add your code

for jButton1.mousePressed

} {

jPanel2 = new JPanel(); getContentPane().add(jPanel2, }

});

}

BorderLayout.CENTER);

} pack();

setSize(400, 300);

} catch (Exception e) {

//add your error handling code here }

e.printStackTrace();

} private void jButton2ActionPerformed(ActionEvent evt) { String action = evt.getActionCommand(); JFileChooser fileChooser = new JFileChooser(); int index = fileChooser.showOpenDialog(getContentPane()); if(index == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) { File selectedFile = fileChooser.getSelectedFile(); //取得选中的文件

} } } ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(filePath); JLabel label = new JLabel(icon,JLabel.CENTER); JLabel p=new JLabel("图片路径：" + filePath); jPanel2.add(p,BorderLayout.SOUTH); jPanel2.add(label); jPanel2.update(null); filePath = selectedFile.getPath(); filePath = filePath.replace('\\','/');

实验题5使用SWT技术完成图3.10 所示图形界面的制作。要求“查询结果”用group组件。

图3.10 数据查询界面

运行结果

;

主要代码： public class Search extends org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Composite {

public Search(Composite parent, int style) { super(parent, style); { } //Register as a resource user - SWTResourceManager will //handle the obtaining and disposing of resources SWTResourceManager.registerResourceUser(this); private Composite composite1; private Composite composite2; private Group group1; private Text text4; private Label label4; private Text text3; private Label label3; private Text text2; private Label label2; private Button button2; private Button button1; private Text text1; private Label label1;

} /** initGUI(); * Initializes the GUI. */ private void initGUI() { try { this.setSize(new org.eclipse.swt.graphics.Point(400,300));

this.setBackground(SWTResourceManager.getColor(192, 192, 192));

FormLayout thisLayout = new FormLayout(); this.setLayout(thisLayout); { composite1 = new Composite(this, SWT.NONE); FormLayout composite1Layout = new FormLayout();

FormData composite1LData = new FormData(); composite1LData.left = new FormAttachment(0, 1000, 0);

composite1LData.top = new FormAttachment(0, 1000, 0);

composite1LData.width = 400; composite1LData.height = 300; composite1.setLayoutData(composite1LData); composite1.setLayout(composite1Layout); { group1 = new Group(composite1, SWT.NONE);

GridLayout group1Layout = new GridLayout();

group1Layout.marginBottom = 30; group1Layout.numColumns = 2; group1Layout.verticalSpacing = 15; group1Layout.marginTop = 10; group1.setLayout(group1Layout); FormData group1LData = new

FormData();

group1LData.left = new

FormAttachment(0, 1000, 38);

group1LData.top = new

FormAttachment(0, 1000, 106);

group1LData.width = 318; group1LData.height = 145;

group1.setLayoutData(group1LData);

group1.setText("\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c");

group1.setFont(SWTResourceManager.getFont("微软雅黑", 11, 0, false,

false));

{

label2 = new Label(group1,

SWT.NONE);

GridData label2LData = new

GridData();

label2LData.widthHint = 70; label2LData.heightHint = 25;

label2.setLayoutData(label2LData);

label2.setText("\u5b66\u53f7\uff1a");

label2.setFont(SWTResourceManager.getFont("微软雅黑", 11, 0, false,

false));

} {

GridData text2LData = new

GridData();

text2LData.widthHint = 181; text2LData.heightHint = 27; text2 = new Text(group1,

SWT.NONE);

text2.setLayoutData(text2LData);

}

{

label3 = new Label(group1,

SWT.NONE);

GridData label3LData = new

GridData();

label3LData.widthHint = 63; label3LData.heightHint = 23;

label3.setLayoutData(label3LData);

label3.setText("\u59d3\u540d\uff1a");

label3.setFont(SWTResourceManager.getFont("微软雅黑", 11, 0, false,

false));

} {

GridData text3LData = new

GridData();

text3LData.widthHint = 181; text3LData.heightHint = 27; text3 = new Text(group1,

SWT.NONE);

text3.setLayoutData(text3LData);

} {

label4 = new Label(group1,

SWT.NONE);

GridData label4LData = new

GridData();

label4LData.widthHint = 57; label4LData.heightHint = 28;

label4.setLayoutData(label4LData);

label4.setText("\u5e74\u9f84\uff1a");

label4.setFont(SWTResourceManager.getFont("微软雅黑", 11, 0, false,

false));

} {

GridData text4LData = new

GridData();

text4LData.widthHint = 182; text4LData.heightHint = 31; text4 = new Text(group1,

SWT.NONE);

text4.setLayoutData(text4LData);

} {

composite2 = new Composite(composite1, }

SWT.NONE);

GridLayout composite2Layout = new

GridLayout(); 10; 15;

FormData composite2LData = new

composite2Layout.verticalSpacing =

composite2Layout.numColumns = 2; composite2Layout.marginLeft = 40; composite2Layout.horizontalSpacing =

FormData();

composite2LData.left = new

FormAttachment(0, 1000, 12);

composite2LData.top = new

FormAttachment(0, 1000, 12);

composite2LData.width = 376; composite2LData.height = 88;

composite2.setLayoutData(composite2LData);

composite2.setLayout(composite2Layout);

{

label1 = new Label(composite2,

SWT.NONE);

GridData label1LData = new

GridData();

label1LData.widthHint = 96; label1LData.heightHint = 22;

label1.setLayoutData(label1LData);

label1.setText("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u5b66\u53f7\uff1a");

label1.setFont(SWTResourceManager.getFont("微软雅黑", 12, 0, false,

false));

} {

GridData text1LData = new

GridData();

text1LData.widthHint = 182; text1LData.heightHint = 28; text1 = new Text(composite2,

SWT.NONE);

text1.setLayoutData(text1LData);

} {

button1 = new

Button(composite2, SWT.PUSH | SWT.CENTER);

GridData button1LData = new

GridData(); 27;

button1LData.widthHint = 70; button1LData.heightHint =

button1.setLayoutData(button1LData);

button1.setText("\u786e\u5b9a");

} {

button2 = new

Button(composite2, SWT.PUSH | SWT.CENTER);

GridData button2LData = new GridData();

27;

button2LData.widthHint = 78; button2LData.heightHint = button2.setLayoutData(button2LData); button2.setText("\u91cd\u7f6e"); } /** * Auto-generated main method to display this * org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Composite inside a new Shell. */ public static void main(String[] args) { Display display = Display.getDefault(); Shell shell = new Shell(display); Search inst = new Search(shell, SWT.NULL); Point size = inst.getSize(); shell.setLayout(new FillLayout()); shell.layout(); if(size.x == 0 && size.y == 0) { inst.pack(); shell.pack(); } this.layout(); } } } catch (Exception e) { } e.printStackTrace(); } else { Rectangle shellBounds = shell.computeTrim(0, 0, size.x, size.y);

shell.setSize(shellBounds.width,

shellBounds.height);

} } } shell.open(); while (!shell.isDisposed()) { } if (!display.readAndDispatch()) display.sleep();

实验题6 使用SWT技术完成图3.11所示学籍管理主界面的设计与制作。

图3.11学籍管理主界面

运行结果：

主要代码：

public class Example {

}

package package6;

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.event.InputEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

import static javax.swing.JFrame.*; import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class Window extends JFrame {

JMenuBar menubar; JMenu menu, menu2, menu3, menuhelp; JMenuItem item1, item2; JLabel text; public Window() { } public Window(String s, int x, int y, int w, int h) { init(s); public static void main(String[] args) { } Window win=new Window("学籍管理系统",300,200,500,500);

} } setLocation(x, y); setSize(w, h); setVisible(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); void init(String s) { } setTitle(s); setLayout(null); text = new JLabel("欢迎使用学籍管理系统 !"); text.setForeground(Color.red); text.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Dialog", 1, 22)); add(text); text.setBounds(140, 150, 250, 150); menubar = new JMenuBar(); menu = new JMenu("在线登陆"); menu2 = new JMenu("用户管理"); menu3 = new JMenu("数据维护"); menuhelp = new JMenu("帮助"); item1 = new JMenuItem("用户登录", new ImageIcon("Login,gif")); item2 = new JMenuItem("退 出", new ImageIcon("Exit.gif")); menu.add(item1); menu.add(item2); menubar.add(menu); menubar.add(menu2); menubar.add(menu3); menubar.add(menuhelp); setJMenuBar(menubar);

实验题7 使用SWT技术在图3.11所示界面中，在“用户登录”菜单中添加组件选择事件，当选中“用户登录”时，打开图3.12所示用户登录界面。

图3.12 用户登录窗体

运行结果：

主要代码：

public class Window extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

JMenuBar menubar; JMenu menu, menu2, menu3, menuhelp; JMenuItem item1, item2; JLabel text; MyDialog dialog; public Window() { } public Window(String s, int x, int y, int w, int h) { init(s); setLocation(x, y);

} } setSize(w, h); setVisible(true); setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); void init(String s) { } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { } if (e.getSource() == item1) { int x = this.getBounds().x + this.getBounds().width; int y = this.getBounds().y; dialog.setLocation(x, y); dialog.setVisible(true);} setTitle(s); setLayout(null); text = new JLabel("欢迎使用学籍管理系统 !"); text.setForeground(Color.red); text.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Dialog", 1, 22)); add(text); text.setBounds(140, 150, 250, 150); menubar = new JMenuBar(); menu = new JMenu("在线登陆"); menu2 = new JMenu("用户管理"); menu3 = new JMenu("数据维护"); menuhelp = new JMenu("帮助"); item1 = new JMenuItem("用户登录", new ImageIcon("a,gif")); item1.addActionListener(this); dialog = new MyDialog(this, "SWT应用程序", true); item2 = new JMenuItem("退 出", new ImageIcon("b.gif")); menu.add(item1); menu.add(item2); menubar.add(menu); menubar.add(menu2); menubar.add(menu3); menubar.add(menuhelp); setJMenuBar(menubar);

实验总结：

按照实验要求，在本次实验中我需要掌握图形用户界面基本组件，了解如何使用布局管理器对组件进行管理，掌握Java事件处理机制。

在实验过程中我遇到了一些问题，首先是在软件的配置上，SWT组件的运用，因为对拖放设计界面不熟悉，所以在操作起来很慢。还有在事件监听处理上，尤其是在写计算器那个题目时问题比较多，通过同学的帮助最终还是解决了这个问题。

通过这次试验，我还是收获了很多东西。尤其是像在图形界面设计中，我们更应该多动手实际操作，这样才可以熟练，高效的完成任务。

Very good!

2012-06-13