说到雅思图表题写作内容

时间:2024.4.30

说到内容,Task 1和Task 2的考察要点不同,我们先看Task 1。

Report是报告图表,对象是固定的,所以内容上大家写起来大同小异,就是大家都知道应该写的,你不能忘记。雅思一共考察七种图:线图、柱图、饼图、表格、流程图、装置图和地图。前四种是数据图,后三种是非数据图。题目中内容的要求一律是Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

什么是summarize?归纳,而不是逐个列举数据。

什么是comparisons?比较,当数据或信息具备相关性时,无论是在一副图表内,还是在同时给出的几幅图表之间,都应该注意联系。

什么是selecting?选择,有时图表中可归纳的特征很多,要根据重要程度的差异,并考虑词数限制,选择main features,主要特征。

什么叫reporting?报告,We report facts, not opinions. 就是有一说一严守一,所以关于图表产生原因或者未来走势的任何主观判断都是应该摒弃的。

最后,数据图不要忘记引用data噢。

一、数据图的特点归根结底就四个:趋势、极值、升降速度和比较。

简单线图:(I4-100a)1979-1999年英国游客出国和到英国的海外游客变化

1)  趋势:细线和粗线都上升。
2)  极值:1979和1999分别是极大极小值。(数据应当汇报)
3)  升降速度:大约1985-1991,细线和粗线上升都较快。
4)  比较:细线>粗线;细线上升的也比粗线快。
5)  选择:图表信息比较多,所以升降速度作为次要特征省略。(多图作文中,一幅图一般2-3个主要特征,主要特征一般涵盖更多数据。)
6)  报告:不能说英国人出去玩的人数比去英国玩的外国人多是因为英镑购买力比较强之类的主观判断。

复杂线图:(I4-54a)英国家庭冬天和夏天平均耗电量。

1)  趋势:过于复杂,难于驾驭。
2)  极值:冬天两个最大值,两个最小值(注意0点和24点其实是重合的)
夏天两个最大值,一个最小值和一个稳定的低谷期。
3)  升降速度:过于复杂,难于驾驭。
4)  比较:冬天>夏天(数据可以用平均值比较)
5)  选择:趋势和升降速度太复杂,作为次要特征省略。

孤立单柱图:(I4-100b)英国海外游客1999年最喜欢的国家。

1)  趋势:没有。
2)  极值:法国和西班牙远远大于其它三国。(图表整体数据较少,所有数据都应汇报。)
3)  升降速度:没有。
4)  比较:图间比较,和I4-100a比较,发现去法国和西班牙的英国人占到了1999年英国海外游客的接近40%。
5)  报告:不能说英国人愿意去法国和西班牙玩是因为地理距离近。

多柱图:(I4-78)澳大利亚1999年接受各种教育的男女比例。

1)  趋势:女生人数在高等教育,比如学士学历和学士学位上占据优势,而男生在中等和更高等教育,比如职业学校、硕士学历和硕士学位上领先。
2)  极值:获得学士学位的男女比例最接近,而上职业学校的男生比女生多最多。
(图表内容简单,所有的数据都应当涵盖。)
3)  升降速度:没有。
4)  比较:整体上讲,学历学位越高,女生越少。
5)  报告:不能说漂亮女生被男士进攻的几率大,因而无心向学,借此推测女博士长相。 

饼图:(I4-54b)英国家庭各种耗电量比例。

1)  趋势:没有。
2)  极值:Heating最大,然后依次变小。(图表信息很少,所有百分比都应涵盖。)
3)  升降速度:没有。
4)  比较:Lighting和Vacuum cleaner耗电百分比相等,但这纯属偶然,是次要特征。
图间比较,和I4-54a比较,冬天耗电比夏天高,Heating耗电量大很可能是主要原因。(注意这是数据支持,不是主管判断。)

表格:(I4-31)澳大利亚1999年贫穷人口比例。

1)  趋势:没有。
2)  极值:老年人不容易穷,有孩子的容易穷。
3)  比较:单身的容易穷。(数据上,所有百分比都应涉及,而且平均值作为标准应该首先提及。)
4)  报告:不能说国外福利好,而且国外的父母不管子女,所以老人不容易穷;不能说孩子是pos机,只能刷卡,所以有孩子的容易穷;也不能说单身经济是最浪费的经济,所以聪明人早都结婚了。 

非数据图从内容角度上讲,就是能够理解图表就可以了。

流程图:(20##年1月14日),回收玻璃。

Stage 1: 玻璃瓶子罐子被送到回收点,collection points,然后运输到玻璃回收厂。
Stage 2: 玻璃们先被送到冲洗厂,cleaning plant,用高压水淋洗,然后被按颜色分类,送进回收厂,放入熔炉,furnace,融化成回收的液体玻璃,recycled liquid glass,和新液体玻璃,new liquid glass汇合,流入模具mold,制成新玻璃制品。
Stage 3: 进入消费者市场,customer supermarket。 

装置图:(B-100),如何在野外取水。

装置准备:找个能晒到阳光的坑,里面有绿色植物green plants,把坑中间的一部分植物挖掉,放入一个容器container,坑口覆盖一块塑料布sheet of plastic,周围用石头固定好,塑料布中间放一块石头,保证塑料布中部最低。

装置作用:太阳照在绿色植物上,绿色植物产生水蒸气,在塑料布上冷凝成水滴,受重力作用集结在塑料布中央石头下方,水滴越聚越多,滴入容器,完成野外取水。

地图:(I5-75)

地图分两种,一种是选址,比如说为小镇选个超市位置。

S1的特点:地处市中心,Gransdon的居民和周围三个卫星城的人都容易到达,或者是开车或者坐火车,但是S1是车辆禁入区,no traffic zone(王府井步行街),所以这些shopping的银们啊,停车很困难:)

S2的特点:地处Gransdon西北,离Hindon近些,但是Bransdon的居民必须费九牛二虎之力才能到达,还要倒车。但是应该是free parking了。

结论:随便下,选一个,甚至都不选也可,关键看的是分析问题的思路。

另一种是发展,比如今年3月29日考的小城Bridgetown的城市变化,1700年和20##年两幅地图:1700年有的river, bridge, market place至今保存,而farmland和castle到20##年不见了,取而代之的是woods和building area。最后适当分析一下发展的特点,比如building area总是和交通transportation联系在一起之类的。

就这7种图表,规律性还是挺明显的,最初可能会感觉有点摸不到头脑,但是写过十几篇之后,就会发现年年岁岁题相似,岁岁年年人不同了。Add oil…


第二篇:雅思图表写作讲义


图表写作

一 总述

1任务要求:考生在20分钟内完成150个单词的小文章。

2 内容:图表(line graph, bar chart, pie chart, table, diagram)

3 文体:summary

4考察能力:客观地描述图形信息;

进行比较和对比;

对非个人性的话题提供报告,不掺杂个人意见;

使用图形描述语言。

Note: 这里涉及到考试三原则——objectivity客观性原则(考生进行描述是不能有任何脸型式的个人观点),carefulness 周密性原则(有时作文题会安排一个隐藏着的特征信息,考察考生的观察能力和横向比较能力,考生若能发现并加以描述,可以得到一个印象分,如没发现,则正常阅卷),accuracy 精确性原则(考生须用准确生动的语言对数据进行描述)。

5 考生对图表题所存在的三个问题:

? 对于写作当中的套用句掌握不充分

? 对于不同图表的破题思路存在问题

? 连接方面存在困难

二 图表题总的认识

雅思图表写作讲义

2.图表作文结构

? 引言段:对图表主题作总介绍(关于什么主题的什么图/时间(1~2句) ? 正文段:

? 1)对图表进行总的概述或解说用(1~2 句)

? 2)对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较(2~3段)

? 结尾段:对所描述的图表信息进行总结(1~2句)

?

1

三、图表题写作

1.审题:

? -先看文字信息-把握主题

? -再看图标信息-把握具体信息

? Eg.p28

? 横坐标:时间1950-1996(时态?)

? 纵坐标:数据(单位?)

? 图表标题:world grain harvested area,1950-1996

2.Introduction 写作

通过改写题目(同义词转换,句式结构改変,增减细节)完成引言段写作

? Eg.请改写P28的题目

? 比较原题与改写后的introduction 有什么不同之处:

? The graph below shows the area of land from which grain was harvested.

? This line graph above illustrates the total world grain harvested areas in millions of hectares between 1950 and 1996.

? 同义词转换:show- illustrate,reveal,depict, demonstrate, compare, give some

information about…,

? 句式转换:the total grain harvested areas

? 增加细节:in millions of hectares , between 1950 and 1996

注意:为避免plagiarism,一定要对题目进行改头换面。Eg.

1) The two pie charts show the proportion of males and females in 6 broad categories.

雅思图表写作讲义

更换词语

2) 更换句式结构

? The two pie charts show, in 6 broad categories, the proportion of males and females in

employment.

图表作文开头段落常见语言结构:

练习:

1.请为P30的线状图写引言段。

2

参考:The graph shows the number of West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis immigrating to the

2.请为以下的复合图写引言段。

People arrested over the past 5 years

参考答案:

? The pie charts and the bar chart respectively present the proportion of males and females

arrested over the past five years and some significant reasons why they were arrested in 2007. 或

? The pie charts compare the proportion of males and females arrested over the past five

years and the bar chart illustrates some significant reasons in2007.

雅思图表写作讲义

雅思图表写作讲义

3.主体段落写作

1)对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说(1~2 句)

2)对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较(2~3段)

1)对图表的特点或趋势进行总的概述或解说-general statement即概述图表写作的最大特点或总趋势

Eg.P28线状图的总趋势

In general, the total harvest area increased until 1980, at which point there was a reduction in the area harvested due to retrenchment.

雅思图表写作讲义

3

P30 两条线的总趋势/总特点

As can be seen, immigration of both West Indians and Indians and Pakistanis increased rapidly over a twenty-year period. After 1960, the number of West Indian immigrants whereas the number of Indian and Pakistani immigrants increase.

练习

请为以下复合图写作总概述

People arrested over the past 5 years

参考

雅思图表写作讲义

雅思图表写作讲义

According to the graph, more males than females were arrested and thief became the most common reason of arrest in 2007.

引出总概述的语言

? As can be seen, the most striking feature is …

? As is shown/depicted in the table, the most obvious feature is …

? From the graph, we can see clearly that…

? From the chart, it is apparent that…

? According to the graph,

? Generally speaking,

? It is noted that…

? Overall,…

雅思图表写作讲义

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2)对图表所包含的信息进项详细的分析和比较(2~3段)

2.1 趋势图(线状图):

解题思路:按时间发展顺序写作;

语言点:四个方向的语言点-运动范畴,程度范畴,时间范畴,数据范畴与连接范畴. 运动范畴中存在着如下的8种运动趋向:

1.保持平稳:我们可以使用的套用结构有: stay stable/remain steady.

举例:表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写: the number of population stayed stable。/the number of population remained steady.

2.上升/增加:我们可以使用的套用结构有:rise/ climb/ increase/ ascend/mount/aggrandize(增加)

举例:人口上升:the number of population increased/ascended/mounted等等。

3.下降/减少:我们可以使用的套用结构有:fall/ drop/ decrease/ descend/ decline 举例:人口减少:the number of population decreased/ declined.

4..波动:这个就像我们的心电图一样。英语中叫fluctuate.

举例:人口波动:number of population fluctuated.

5.达到顶峰:peak/ reach its summit/reach its zenith

举例:人口到达了顶峰:number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith. 程度范畴:、

缓慢的/轻微的:gradually/ smoothly/ steadily/ slightly/moderately/slowly

陡然的/大幅度的:dramatically/ sharply/ considerably/ appreciably/ greatly/ steeply/ significantly/ markedly/rapidly/quickly/ suddenly/

举例:1.人口大幅度攀升:number of population mounted dramatically.

2.人口轻微下降:number of population decreased slightly.

3.人口逐渐下降:number of population decreased gradually.

雅思图表写作讲义

1) 上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)

举例:

1. 人口下降到200万: number of population decreased to 2 million.

2. 人口下降了200万: number of population decreased by 2 million.

3. 人口上升到1000万: number of population increased to 10 million.

4. 人口上升了500万: number of population increased by 5 million.

2). remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ bottom out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要使用的是at.

举例: 1.人口在500万上保持平稳:number of population remained steady at 5 million.

1. 人口在800万时到达了顶峰:number of population peaked at 8 million.

2. 下降后,人口在400万保持平稳:after decreasing, number of population bottomed out at 4 million.

3. 上升后,人口在700万保持平稳: after mounting, number of population leveled off at 7 million.

5

3)fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between …..and…..

举例: 人口在2和100亿之间波动:number of population fluctuated between 2 and 10 billion.(那俩人是ADAM和EVE)

练习:请描述一下线状图

1950 1960 1965 1975 1985 1995 2005

参考答案:

The number of tourists increased greatly during the first 10 years from 1950 to 1960, reaching its peak at 100 in 1960. After an initial drop, the tourist numbers had kept steady at around 100 for 10 years between 1965 and 1975. It is noted that the following 30-year period saw an overall upward trend with some fluctuations.

常用4大句型:

1)sth + verb+程度+数据+时间。

The price increased greatly to 100 from 1950 to 1960.

2)sth+ verb的名词短语形式(含程度)+数据+时间。

The price experienced a great increase to 100 from 1950 to 1960.

undergo/ go through/suffer

3)there be +变化的名词+数据+in+某方面+时间。

There was a great increase to 100 in the tourist numbers from 1950 to 1960.

4)时间+见证+变化的名词+数据+in+某方面。

The 10-year period from 1950 to 1960 saw/ witnessed a great increase to 100 in the number of tourists.

总结:线状图解题思路

? 一条线:按时间发展顺序,选取有明显变化的趋势特征进行写作。

? 二条线:1)两条线各分两段。先写A线,再写B线。每条线按照其固有的特点完

成描写,分析和比较。2) AB线同时比较着完成各自的特点描写。

? 三条线:1)先写A线。再对比着写B线和C线。2)三条线对比着写。

?

Eg

雅思图表写作讲义

6

两条线(JapanVS sweden)分开来写:

Japan : stood at – dip into ?before bouncing back to 5% again- be expected to shoot up to about 28% in 2040, the highest among the three countries

Sweden: increased gradually- grew with some fluctuations- be predicted to ascend to roughly 25%

对比着写:

Japan : stood at – dip into …before bouncing back to 5% again in 2000。Unlike Japen, sweden experienced a gradual increase in the number of aged people from around 9% in 1940 to roughly 14% in 1980. After that, the aged population in Sweden increased continually with some fluctuations, while Japan is expected to shoot up to about 28% in 2040, 4% higher than Sweden.

四.非趋势图

1.解题思路:???

—— 分类:找有意义数据(最大,最小,相同etc.)

2.必备语言点:百分比,大小比较,数据导入,先后顺序

2.1 百分比的表示

? occupy

? gain

? share

? represent

? have/has

? constitute

? account for

? make up

?

雅思图表写作讲义

take up

7

? be divided into ? be allocated to ? be distributed to

如:

? The sales of chicken occupies

雅思图表写作讲义

? Beef and pork have the same percentage. ? 10% of the total sales is allocated to lamb.

? The smallest percentage is distributed to fish, which gains only 5%.

2.2 大小比较

? 表示A比B….

? The sales of chicken is 40% more than that of fish. ? is 8 times more than that of fish. ? is 9 times of that of fish.

练习:请比较P41 男性和女性在管理职位上的情况

? In managerial position, the number of the male is obviously more than that of the female. ? There are more men in managerial position than women.

? A greater number of men than that of women were found in managerial position.

? The number of men who are employed in managerial position is much larger than that of

? In managerial position, the company owned more men than women.

? 表示相同的

? A is equal to B.

? The sales of pork is equal to that of beef. ? A and B are equal.

? A is (exactly/ approximately) the same as B.

? The sales of pork is exactly two times the same as that of lamb.

? A is as …. as B.(表示倍数)

? The sales of chicken is above twice as much as that of beef. ? Pork sells twice as much meat as lamb.

? There are twice as many students in Class A as that of Class B.

? The figures in terms of the daily calorie supply per head and life expectancy at birth in

Bangladesh were only the half of those in USA in 1992

2.3 数据引入

8

? ( )

? at

? Which引导的定语从句

? 分词结构

? With

? A versus B

? A as opposes to B

? respectively

eg

? The sales of chicken (45%) is 40% more than that of fish.

? The sales of chicken is 8 times more than that of fish at 5%.

? Pork and beef are equal at 20%.

? The sales of chicken is 9 times of that of fish, which occupies only 5%.

? The sales of chicken is 9 times of that of fish, occupying only 5%.

With 的使用1)-引出一个数字

? Chicken has the highest percentage

? (45%).

? at 45%.

? , which represents about 45% of the total.

? , accounting for about 45% of the total.

? with 45% of the total being sold.

With 的使用2)-―一拖几‖

? More chicken (45%) is sold than any other kind of meat with pork and beef equal at 20%,

lamb at 10%, and fish, th2 smallest, at only 5%.

? More chicken (45%) is sold than any other kind of meat with the same percentage (20%)

in pork and beef ,10% in lamb, and only 5% in fish.

请完成以下句子。

? 鸡肉卖得比羊肉都多,45%比10%。

? The proportion of chicken sold (45%)is obviously more than that of lamb(10%). ? More chicken is sold than lamb, 45% versus 10%.

? A larger percentage of chicken than that of lamb is sold, 45% as opposes to 10%. ? 鸡肉卖得比羊肉和鱼肉都多,分别是45%比10%和5%。

? The proportion of chicken sold (45%)is obviously more than that of lamb(10%) and fish

(5%).

? More chicken is sold than lamb and fish, 45% versus 10%,and 5% respectively.

? A larger percentage of chicken than that of lamb and fish is sold, 45% as opposes to 10%

and 5% respectively.

请用所学过的知识点为该饼图写一段话

? 参考:先后顺序

? 最大/第一:gain the highest percentage

? rank first/second

9

? come top/top the list

? come out first

? shoot into the first place

? 其次:then,

? , followed by …

? comes there …

? 值得一提的是:it is noted that …

五、非常规图:

非常规图diagram (示意图)

1. 静态图:

? 地图(location,direction, some other detailed information provided) ? 地理变化:P47

? 事物内部结构和功能P49

2. 动态图P55

? 流程图:

? 循环图:P55

? The diagram illustrates the internal structure/function of sth., ? Some information of doing sth. 动态图 ?

? 流程图:

? -the process of sth., which is designed to ..

? -how sth is produced, which serves as …

?

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雅思图表题作文

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雅思写作图表题(24篇)