在工作和生活中我们要不断地认识自己、改变自己……

One of the first steps in change is awareness — understanding how and why you do things the way you do.

But why is it important to know yourself?

Awareness of self...empowers.

It creates space and understanding for decisions to be made. Decisions on how to move forward or decisions on how to change. Self-awareness gives us a starting point, a place to work from.

In Sunny Schlenger and Roberta Roesch's book "How to be organized in spite of yourself", they explain that everybody can be identified by a different operational style and knowing what your personal style is can be a good starting place if you feel the need to organize your work life.

In the book, people are classified by the following Time Styles:

Hopper: A person who generally has many projects on the go at once and likes to works on all simultaneously. They constantly jump from task to task without finishing any of them.

Perfectionist Plus: The Perfectionist Plus gets so involved in their projects and believe they can do everything right that they rarely finish a project on time. Even when they do finish a job, they are usually dissatisfied with the outcome.

Allergic to Detail: They would much rather formulate the plans than carry them out. This type is very weak on follow through.

Fence Sitter: The Fence Sitter leaves most things to chance because they are incapable to making a decision and worry whether their decisions will be the correct ones.

Cliff Hanger: These people thrive on excitement, delay everything to the last minute and usually need a deadline to complete anything.

Identify your own style. When I identified myself and my style of working, I realized that it wasn't so much a character flaw as I had previously believed, but a recognizable style that probably one-fifth of the population of the world share with me. Knowing this allowed me to (firstly) not be so hard on myself but it also put me in a position of power to allow me to learn to work with it.

Here are a few tips to help you work better with your each style.

Hopper:Slow down. Eliminate distractions and interruptions.Do high priority tasks when you have most energy. Break projects down into mini-goals.

Perfectionist Plus: Identify and focus on your highest priorities. Anything else does not need high attention to detail. Learn to say "no" and to delegate.

Allergic to detail: Create simple, basic routines, set reminders, break up tasks into smaller goals, and schedule tasks.

Fence Sitter: Understand that there really are no bad decisions. Break down decisions into small steps, pinpoint your fears, and get familiar with your gut feeling.

Cliff Hanger: Schedule time for tasks. Become aware of how long they really take, check your to-do list regularly to ensure you are not procrastinating on important tasks.

How do you spend your time?

Another important factor is to see how you currently spend your time. We all work hard — we spend many hours each day on tasks and projects that need to be done.

But are there tasks that could be eliminated?

Are we perhaps spending too much time on certain jobs? Identifying how you spend each moment of the day can be very enlightening.

When the end of the work day comes and you think you know how the day was spent, do you remember that you spent twenty minutes chatting to your work colleagues about the football game or the fact that you spent thirty minutes on social media? What about the time spent at two meetings that didn't really affect your job? Could you have read the meeting minutes rather than attend it personally?

Analyzing how the hours of each day were spent will allow you to make better decisions about your time going forward.

This can be done by using a paper time sheet where you detail all of the things that you spent time on during the day or you can download an electronic time-sheet from the Internet that will monitor all that you do on your computer during the day.

Know Thyself

When you discover more about your personal style and how you currently spend your time you will be in a more powerful position to make more informed decisions about how you can work at your best.

From: /englisharticle/yingyuyuedu/2012-02-26/169499.html

第二篇：如何背英语文章

如何背英语文章

英语作为一种交际性较强的语言学习科目，如果能达到：“不会作诗也会吟”的境界，那何愁英语学不好呢？既然“会吟”，那么，困扰中国教育学家多年的哑巴英语不就迎刃而解了吗；把“会吟”的内容记录下来，这在无形中就解决了有些学习者为之头痛的写作教学；真可谓“一举三得”。

背诵可以帮助学习者加深对课文的理解，提高阅读能力，锻炼记忆力；还可以帮助学生学习课文中用词造句、布局谋篇的方法，培养和提高作文能力。有则外国谚语则说：“能背诵多少书籍，就能获得多少知识。”可见，背诵是英语学习能力提升中一个重要的方面。

对于大多数英语学习者而言，特别是大学生和已经在备考GRE及托福的朋友们，十多年的英语功底无论学的好与坏，在大量的英语阅读和接触中，他们的脑海中已经蕴藏了大量典范的英语句子，只不过由于日常生活中实在是太少的运用这一部分，已使这一部分记忆变成惰性了。正如GRE单词，很多学习者到最后也只能达到见词生义而不能把词运用在生活中一样，为什么呢？因为这些学习者实在很难再碰到这些词汇。思维需要不断的激活，才能让这部分记忆经常的活动于大脑皮层。背诵其实就是每天不断的刺激这部分惰性思维，久而久之，当我们再写作文时，大脑皮层活跃的是你十多年积累而一直没有被应用的英语句子。所以背诵是一剂良好的催化剂，值得广大英语学习者尝试一下。

现在有很多英语学习者都通过背诵《新概念英语》课文来提高自己的英语水平：很多重点中学的教师都要求其学生能够熟练背诵或默写《新概念英语》的第二册或第三册。部分准备考研及托福考试的考生也都通过背诵《新概念英语》来提高其英语口语和写作水平。实践证明，《新概念英语》教材中短小精悍、生动有趣的课文最适合用来背诵。

那么如何有效地进行英语背诵呢？

每个人都会根据自己的学习特点采取不同的学习方式，下面给大家推荐几种不同的背诵方法。

一、明确目的，集中精力

背诵一篇课文或者一段必须掌握的语句，最忌东张西望，漫不经心，注意力分散。如果是一篇很简单的文字，背了几天后仍老出错，这肯定是用心不专的缘故。至于出现“前记后忘”的现象，则是正常的，这时千万不要向这种暂时困难屈服而打退堂鼓。

二、反复阅读与再现相结合

背诵一篇短文，仅仅读几遍是行不通的，一定要熟读到滚瓜烂熟的程度才行。单纯地反复阅读效果并不好，学习者应该在文章还没有完全记住前积极进行尝试再现，回忆不起来时再阅读。这样容易记住，保持时间也长。特别生疏的语句，注意多尝试再现几次。因为尝试再现是一种比阅读更积极的智力活动，又是一种自我检查的过程，使人更能集中精力，掌握识记内容的重点、难点，并及时改正记忆中的错误。开始时可短一些，容易一些，然后作一

定幅度的调整。

背诵过程中，如果“卡壳”，应该进行追忆。追忆是有意和间接再现的形式，它需要付出很大的意志力，克服一定的困难，多方面寻找线索，进行积极灵活的思维。因此，不能一“卡壳”就立即停止背诵。

文章通过理解消化，已纳入自己的知识系统，语句通过熟读试背，也已朗朗上口，如果再反复朗读几遍，就能流利地背诵下来。

复习背诵的时间用得越多，记住的效果就越佳。早晨背诵过的课文或知识，晚上睡前以及第二天起床后，应进行一次复背，并在每周六或周日再作适当的温习背诵，以后过一个月再复背一次。这样，可保证很长一段时期不会遗忘。这里需要提醒大家注意的是复习的时候可以把原文提炼成一个提纲，边看提纲，边复习背诵，这样记忆和熟练程度就会更加明显。下面是列提纲的一种形式，供大家参考。

原文：

One man in a boat（独坐孤舟）

Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not always worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything-not even old boots. After having spent whole morning on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. "You must give up fishing!" my friends say. "It's a waste of time." But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.（选自《新概念英语》第二册Lesson 20）

提纲：1. Fishing - favourite sport；2. often - hours - anything；3. some - unlucky；4. Instead - fish - boots - rubbish；5. I - less；6. never - even - boots；7. whole mornings - river - home - empty；

8. give up - friends - waste；9. don't realize - important thing；10. not - interested - fishing；11. only - sitting - nothing

三、加强默写，强化训练

所谓“眼过千遍，不如手抄一遍”。这也是运用内部语言背诵的一种形式，既用脑，又动手，可加深对文章的记忆。因为文字本身就是一种图形和符号，经常默写可帮助我们促进右脑的开发。采取默写手段，可有效地巩固已经背诵了的课文和知识，而且对加深记忆大有好处。一篇文章，就这样一段一段地把它“吃掉”。最后，遵循“整体→部分→整体”的原则，按照背诵各段的方法，再把全篇串联起来，进行背诵。如果能切实做到循序渐进，长期进行默写训练，那么一定会有助于背诵的质量和效果。

另外，为了使所背诵的内容长久地保持在头脑中经久不忘，以便在实践中及时提取应用，学习者还应注意安排过度学习。实验表明，过度学习的效果优于适度学习的效果。所谓适度学习是指在识记材料刚刚达到背诵程度就中止的学习。而过度学习是指对识记材料达到背诵

之后还继续进行学习。