20##年中考英语书面表达专题《图表作文》
【写法指导】
◇【题型设置与意图】
图表类写作题一向是中考书面表达中的难点。它不像看图叙事和提示作文那样直观明了，文体多以说明文和议论文为主。考查时要求同学们根据所给的图表、数据等进行分析、研究，阅读其中的文字和说明，弄清各种信息之间的关系，提炼要点，然后组织语言进行写作，必要时还要加入作者自己的观点。
和看图叙事不同的是，写图表作文时对图表和数据内容不必全部描述，只需重点引用能支持观点的一些数据。分析图表时切不可凭空想象，要善于抓住总的规律和趋势。时态方面除特定的时间用过去时外，常用一般现在时。
◇【写作角度与注意事项】
仔细审题永远是写作中最重要的部分。认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系，整理要点。
图表作文的结构通常是三段式：
第一段分析图表中的数据变化反映出的问题或趋势，简要概述图表所揭示的信息；
第二段分析原因；
第三段提出解决问题的办法或建议。
写作时注意要直截了当、尽快入题，适当加入自己的议论，力争做到观点明确，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水，使人读后一头雾水。
另外，同学们还应该注意以下几个小问题：文章应包括图表所示内容，但不必全部写到；叙述调查结果时要避免重复使用百分比；最重要的是要有表明自己观点的句子。书写要规范，包括大小写、标点符号等。写完之后还要注意认真检查，改正错误。
写作演示
◇【真题再现】
新学期开始，你就读的国际学校的学生社团又开始招募了。假设你是社团负责人，请根据以下内容和提示要求写一篇英语短文，为新同学介绍下列社团的情况(包括名称、动内容及其目的)。
要求：1．词数：80左右(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
２.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。
Clubs are calling
The new term is coming．For all our new students，I would like to introduce our clubs to you。
【写作思路】
1．中心人称：第二人称
2．主体时态：一般现在时态，一般将来时态
3．要点梳理：图画内容(酷动者：每天运动一小时，观看比赛，强身健体。智读者：读好书，写读书笔记，增长知识。好煮人：设计健康菜单，学习做菜，过健康生活。)，补充内容(时尚设计者：向专业老师学习)
【语句构建】
图表内容→Cool Players is a good choice for sports lovers．
Smart Readers is a good choice．
In Excellent Cooks，you will learn how to design healthy menus and cook dishes．If you want to design your own clothes，come to Fashion Designers．
提出建议或希望→I hope you can join us．
【写作模板】
介绍图表：The table shows．．．
Here are the results of．．．
According to the graph，we can find．．．
The chart reflects several trends．
In the first picture，we can see．．．
发表感想：I think it is．．．
We should．．．
【范文展示】
Clubs are calling
The new term is coming．For all our new students，I would like to introduce our clubs to you．
Cool Players is a good choice for sports lovers．Here you can do sports one hour a day to strengthen your body and watch sports matches．If you are interested in books，Smart Readers is a good choice．Reading good books and writing reading notes is useful to improve your writing and widen your horizons．Do you want to be a good cook? In Excellent Cooks，you will learn how to design healthy menus and cook dishes，which can lead to a healthy life．If you want to design your own clothes，come to Fashion Designers．You can learn a lot from the professional teachers．
These are the most popular clubs in our school，and I hope you can join us．
【名师点评】
范文紧紧围绕图画中展示的内容，向读者介绍了学校各个社团的名称，开展的活动及活动的目的，要点齐全，语言简洁准确。
知识清单
【实战演练】
(一)
某学校对中学生课余活动进行了调查，结果如下：
请根据图表1提供的信息描述中学生每天的课余活动，并针对图表2中每个数据反映的情况写出你的看法。
要求：不少于60词。
(二)
曾有这样的事件：老人跌倒，路人不敢出手相助。某记者就“What will you do if an old man falls down?”这一问题对200名学生进行了调查。请根据下面的调查结果写一篇80词左右的英语短文。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
What will you do if an old man falls down?
A reporter did a survey about“What will you do if an old man falls down?”among 200 students．Here are the results．
(三)
为了解同学们的理想，我们在100名学生中进行了一次调查采访。采访主要是围绕“What do you want to be when you grow up?”和“Why?”这两个问题进行的，请你根据以下调查数据写一份以“The dream jobs”为题的报告。词数80左右。(报告开头已给出，不计入总词数。)
In order to know more about ideas of students，we made a survey among 100 students in our schoo1．Here are the results。
(四)
你校设想在“英语周”期间进行一次英语演讲比赛，为此你对部分同学进行了问卷调查，了解他们参与比赛的意愿。请你根据下面的内容，用英语写一篇短文，并谈谈你的想法。
要求：1．文章必须包括以上所有的信息，可适当增加细节；
2．你的想法必须在两个句子以上；
3．词数：80左右，文章开头已给出(不计入总词数)，你只需接着写。
参考词汇：演讲比赛speech contest；自信的confident
I have recently done a survey to know if students would like to join in the English speech contest．Here are the results．
（五）
Nancy和Victor是双胞胎。一天他们因为看电视发生了争执。
请根据图片提示，并展开合理想象，完整地描述这件事情，然后谈谈你的看法。
要求：1. 短文90词左右，以给出的部分不计入总次数；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。
参考词汇：遥控器 remote control
（六）
仔细观察下列三幅图片，展开合理想象，写一篇短文。
grandfather’s well father’s well son’s well
提示词：rope 绳子 broadcast 宣传 call on 号召 make contributions to 为…做出贡献
要求：1. 话题作文或图示作文任选其一。2. 词数在80～100词之间。
3. 要求字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。
（七）
某中学在开展“崇尚节俭，文明做人(advocating thrift and being civilized)”活动一年来，取得了很好的效果，但还有极少数学生做得不够好，在校园里依然还会出现以下图片中的情形。请你选择以下现象中的几种或全部进行描述，并就中学生如何“杜绝浪费，文明做人”提出至少两点建议。
leave the tap on leave the lights on throw the food away draw on the wall drop rubbish everywhere
要求：1. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范。
3. 词数80～100。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Some middle school students aren’t doing enough in “advocating thrift and being civilized”.
参考答案
(一)
It goes without saying that it is important for middle school students to have good activities after class．A school did a survey about students alter-class activities last week．
According to the survey，some students spend time doing housework and playing sports．Some students play computer games and listen to music in their spare time．Others enjoy watching TV very much．However，it takes most of their time every day to do their homework．
Seeing the result，I have to be honest to say students should spend much more time doing exercise．As we all know，nothing is more important than having a healthy body．And sports can give us more chances to breathe the fresh air．As far as I am concerned，It’s good for my health to spend as much time as possible doing exercise．
In my opinion，whatever you think，no matter what you 1ike to do，you need to get your daily life balanced．Only if you do this，can you live a healthy and happy life．
（二）
What will you do if an old man falls down?
A reporter did a survey about“What will you do if an old man falls down?” among 200 students．Here are the results．
25％of the students will help the old man stand up at once without thinking，because it’s their duty to help old people in trouble．And 80 students will offer help when the man asks．and they will ask someone else to help the old man together．Only 30 students will refuse to offer help，because they worry that they may be regarded as the person who hurts the old man and be asked to pay money．But they will call the police．The rest students will see
whether the old man needs help or not．
(三)
The dream jobs
In order to know more about the ideas of students，we made a survey among 100 students in our schoo1．Here are the results．Most of them want to be businessmen because they think businessmen are rich．More of them want to be doctors．They can save sick people．Some want to be teachers．They think the teachers can make people learn more knowledge．The rest students want to do other jobs．Some want to be policemen．They think the work is exciting．But some don’t want to be policemen．They think they are dangerous．
But they believe the work is good for people．It can help catch the thieves．Some want to be nurses．They can help doctors and sick people．
What do you want to be in the future?
(四)
I have recently done a survey to know if students would like to join in the English speech contest．Here are the results．Most students would like to take part in the contest．They think it will help them improve their speaking skills and become more confident．Besides，they can learn from others．However，27％of the students won’t join in the contest．Some of them are not brave enough to speak in public．Others are afraid that they will fail．What’s more，they have to spend a lot of time practicing．
As for me，I'd like to join in the contest．I can make some new friends and challenge myself at the same time．
（五）
（六）
By watching the three pictures above, we can see that there is less and less underground water as the rope of the well becomes longer and longer.
We all know that water is important for us. We can’t live without it. But we are short of drinking water now. As middle school students, what should we do to save water?
First, we are supposed to volunteer to broadcast the importance of saving water to the public. It’s necessary for us to call on people to save water.
Second, we should do everything we can in our daily life. For example, we must turn off the tap as soon as we finish using it. After washing vegetables, we can use it to water the flowers. After washing faces, it’s better to use it to clean the floor.
In a word, everyone should make contributions to saving water so that we won’t see that the last drop of water is our tears.
Let’s work together to save water!
（七）
Some middle school students aren’t doing enough in “advocating thrift and being civilized.”
We’re sorry to see that there is still some waste in our school! For example, some often leave the taps on after washing their hands. In the dinning hall, a lot of food can be seen left after the meals. What’s worse, we often find that waste paper is thrown everywhere, which makes others feel uncomfortable. In addition, some students like to write or draw on the wall or on the desk.
As middle school students, we should develop good habits 
and stop wasting anything. Let’s do it from now on! (91 words)