一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today?
- It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________
put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________
stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换:
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
第二篇:一般现在时时态解析
一般现在时时态解析
一、意义:表示经常发生的事情,动作或存在的状态
二、构成及变化
1. be动词的变化。
肯定句:主语+be (am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:He is not a worker. 他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Are you a student? –Yes, I am./ No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
1)当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do
肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school. 否定句:主语+don't+动词原形(+其它)。如:We don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:Do you often play basketball after school? Yes, we do. / No, we don't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句?
如:What do you often do after school?
2)当主语为第三人称单数时,助动词为does
肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如:He swims well.
否定句:主语+doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如:He doesn’t swim well. 一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其它。
如:Does he swim well? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句?
如:How does your father go to work?
三、第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式)
(1)多数动词直接加s:runs,gets,likes,collets,takes,plays,climbs…
(2)结尾是s,x,sh,ch,o,前为辅音字母,结尾加es:watches,teaches,goes,does,washes,brushes
(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es:study→studies,fly→flies,carry→carries,cry→cries
但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys,says
四、时间标志:always, usually, often, sometimes, every…
第三篇:一般现在时的语法总结
一般现在时
定义:一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态。
句子结构
当主语是第三人称单数时:
肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他
否定句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答:Yes,主语+does
否定回答:No,主语+doesn't
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
当主语不是第三人称单数时:
肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他
否定句:主语+don't+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答:Yes,主语+do
否定回答:No,主语+don't
要注意,句式结构错则全局都错。
变化规律
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具体运用
1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 时间状语: always, usually,regularly,every
morning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time,twice a week,rarely,seldom,once a month, hardly, ever,never.
e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.
2.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。
e.g. I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup.
I am doing my homework now.
3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。
e.g The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
4.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时。
5.表示预先计划或安排好的行为。
6.小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容,为了体现其“新鲜”性,也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。
7.有些表示状态和感觉的动词表示现在发生的具体行为时,只用一般现在时,而不用进行时态。
8.表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态
9表示格言或警句中。 e.g Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
☆注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
在一些情况下,一般现在时能用来表示将来时。
1. 谓语动词是:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return,live,fly 等,可以表示将来发生的动作。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
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When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes.
2. 在时间或条件从句中,一般要用一般现在时表示将来,而不用一般将来时。
When Bill comes , ask him to wait for me.
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
3. 谓语动词是 hope, take care that, make sure that 等后的宾语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。
I hope they have a nice time next week.
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.
4.这种时态可以和一个时间短语连用以表示已确定的、对将来的安排: 如:The boys start school on Monday.男孩们星期一开学。 I leave tonight.我今天晚上动身。
5.这一用法代替了较常用的现在进行时态:
如:The boys are starting school on Monday.男孩儿们星期一就要开学了。
I’m leaving tonight.我今天晚上就动身。
6.这两种时态之间的差别是:
(1)一般现在时比现在进行时具有的个人色彩更少: I’m leaving tonight通常可能含有我决定离开的意思,但I leave tonight可指这是计划的一部分,但计划不一定是我订的。
(2)一般现在时要比现在进行时听起来更为正式。计划开办一个新分店的百货商店很可能说Our new branch opens next week(本店新设分店下周开业),而不说Our new branch is opening next week。
(3)现在进行时显得累赘的地方就用一般现在时,例如在谈到像旅程安排那样的一系列预定的将来的动作时,可以这样说:
We leave at six,arrive in Dublin at ten and take the plane on? 我们6点出发,10点到达都柏林,并在??乘飞机??
而不说:
We are leaving at six,arriving in Dublin at ten and taking the plane on然而要注意,在像My train leaves at six(我常乘坐的火车6点开)这样的句子中,用一般现在时表示习惯性动作,这里就不能用现在进行时来代替。
编辑本段表示过去
1.用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间:
John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。 3
I hear that he got married again last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。
Mary says that you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。
2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时:
The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是19xx年夏天。
The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于19xx年。 句型区别
一般现在时与现在进行时的区别 准确理解两种时态的主要含义: 一般现在时 1.表示事物的本质特性或客观存在,没有时限性。 The table ____ soft。 (feels) 表特性特征。 Japan ___ to the east of China。 (lies) 表客观事实 2.现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为,可带频率时间。 The shop closes at 7:30 p.m. Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯)
3.表说话时的状态,感觉或结果,一般用状态动词,如:It doesn’t matter. Does it hurt? (感觉结果)
4.特殊用法:
-在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。
-If you go there, I’ll help you.
—用在begin ,come ,go ,leave ,return ,open ,close 等短暂谓语动词表规定计划。
The plane takes off at 11:30. (不受主观支配的计划) -在剧本、解说、标题或there (here)开头的句中表进行 There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang.
I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布)
He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)
现在进行时
1.说话时正在发生,进行的动作
Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生)
2.表现阶段正在进行,但此刻不一定正在进行的事。
He usually gets up at 6:00 , but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行,但说话时不一定在起床)
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3.现在进行时的特殊意义
-表示主观打算常用于 go , come , leave , start , begin 等,位移、趋向动词。
How long are you staying here ? (准备停留)
-表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”,适用于tell , say , talk , discuss ?.
You don’t believe it ? You know I’m telling the truth. -表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌??感情色彩。
He is always making noises in class. (讨厌)
-在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。
Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow. 严格区分进行时与一般时的语义
1. 持续动词的一般时表持续情况,经常性,习惯性行为或客观存在的事实,进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。
2.短暂动词的一般时叙述事实,特征,能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生,即将发生或刚开始行为。
3.短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性,进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。
The bus stops. (车停了-事实)
The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来)
I love the job. (静态事实)
I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了)
4.come ,go ,leave ,start ,return ,move ,reach ,sail ,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划,进行时表主观打算推测。
Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表主观打算)
The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断)
5.现在进行时带always ,often ,usually ,sometimes ,等频率副词表感情色彩,一般现在时则没有此用法。
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