非常实用的高考英语“读写任务”写作模板
【对比观点题型】
（1）要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
(写作步骤：1．有一些人认为……；2．另一些人认为……；3．我的看法……。)
The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）. What is more, ③-------------(理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (Besides), ⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (Finally), ⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.
（2）给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点。
Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．From all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．
【阐述主题题型】
要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。
（写作步骤：１．阐述某名言或主题所蕴涵的意义；２．分析并举例使其更充实。）
The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things from it.
First of all, ---------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore, ------------------(理由三)．In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the saying ----------. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
【解决方法题型】
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
（写作步骤：1．问题现状；２．怎样解决<解决方案的优缺点>。）
In recent days, we have to face one problem------------A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明Ａ的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状).
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another ---------------(解决方法二). Finally, -----------------(解决方法三). Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
【说明利弊题型】
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）。
（写作步骤：１.说明事物现状；２．事物本身的优缺点<或一方面>；３. 你对现状<或前景>的看法。）
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(Ａ的优点之一). Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）.
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(Ａ的第二个缺点)．Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------<对前景的预测>．)
议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型（选择型）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.
A majority of people think that ________ 观点一________. In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, _______原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ______原因二_______. So it goes without saying that ______观点一_______. People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_____. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_____. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二____. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
（2）利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____.
Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____. Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of ______讨论议题______ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
(3) 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)_____作文题目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____. Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
(4) 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_____" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_____. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____. With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.
图表作文的框架
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goes up/ increases/ drops/ decreases) significantly/ dramatically /steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ______. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
现象说明文的框架
Recently _______, what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is ______________.
What is more, ________________. Thirdly, ______________.As a result ______________. Considering all there, ______________.For one thing _____________, for another thing, ___________.
In Conclusion, __________________.
说明原因型作文的框架
模块（一）
Nowadays,there are more and more XX in some big cities. It is estimated that (1).
Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that (2).Besides,(3). The third reason is (4). To sum up,the main cause of XX is due to (5).
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, (6). On the other hand, (7). All these measures will certainly reduce the number of XX.
写作步骤： （1）用具体数据说明XX现象； （2）原因一； （3）原因二； （4）原因三
（5）指出主要原因； （6）解决建议一； （7）解决建议二。
范文鉴赏： Generation gap between parents and children
Nowadays, there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so- called generation gap. It is estimated that (75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned).
Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that (the two generations, having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes, thus the disagreement often rises between them). Besides(due to having little in common to talk about, they are not willing to sit face to face). The third reason is (with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum up, the main cause of XX is due to (lake of communication and understanding each other).
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing (children should respect their parents).On the other hand, (parents also should show solicitue for their children). All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.
模块（2）
In recent years, xx has caused a heated debate on (1).
The factors for (2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).
Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remind people that (7). In this way,we should behave just like (8).
范文鉴赏： The impact of Television
In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.
The factors for (parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.). First of all, (with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that (some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school). Moreover, (the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies). Especially when (the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).
Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that (they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing). In this way, children will not be influented too deeply.
模块（3）
Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX. It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result,your dreams willcome true. On the contrary, if you (3). Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through.
No one can deny another fact that (4). You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5). It will exert a profound influence upon (6). With reference to my standpoint, I think (7).
写作步骤：1：XX的第一个优点； 2：支持XX的做法； 3：不支持XX的做法；
4：XX的第二个优点； 5：举例证明优点二；
6：说明XX优点三的影响。
范文鉴赏： The importance of self-confidence
Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams willcome true. On the contrary, if you (have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything). Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through.
No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed). You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and self-confidence, the latter in particular). It will exert a profound influence upon (the achievement of one's ambitions). With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).
模块（4）
For most of us today, (1). From above,we can find that the reasons why (2) are as follows.
The primary reason, I think, is (3). Second, (4). The third reason, actually, is (5). The significance for (6).
Therefore, (7).
写作步骤： （1）人们针对XX的态度和举措；（2）归纳现状；（3）第一个原因；（4）第二个原因；
（5）第三个原因；（6）重申造成现状的最重要原因；（7）我的建议。
范文鉴赏： Pollution
Most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. Many fish die of poisonous water. Thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. Therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.) From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more and more seriously) are as follows.
The primary reason, I think, is (the reason of harmful substances into environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. However, they pollute air, water and land). Second, (the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly). The third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. Everyday so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment). The significance for (controlling pollution) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).
模块（5）
These days we often hear that (1). It is common that (2).
Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3). For another, (4). What is more, since (5), it is natural that (6).
To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.
写作步骤： (1)提出论题；（2）说明现状；（3）理由一；（4）理由二；（5）理由三；
（6）理由三引起的后果；（7）解决方法。
范文鉴赏： Pollution of Environment
These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment). It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.).
Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded.). For another, (the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology). What is more, since (the industrial revolution), it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).
To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthying. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources) to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.
“读写任务”议论文写作导练
(一)
阅读下面这篇短文，按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221 BC—206 BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals and pigsties. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrances. Rubbish is spread over the battlements. The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but also dug out the entire base.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词就“如何保护我国的文化遗产”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a)你是如何看待我国的文化遗产遭到破坏的现象的？
b)保护文化遗产有何意义；
c)保护我国的文化遗产的建议。
（[写作要求]和[评分标准]两部分与“考试说明”完全相同，所以省略，以下同。）
[写作指导]
(1)确定体裁：阅读材料，可以了解到万里长城目前因为种种原因遭到了破坏，并以小见大，引发对我国其它历史文化遗产保护的必要，要求写一篇议论文。
(2)拟定标题：How to protect the cultural heritages in our country？
(3)如何概括：①找出论点(Great Wall might disappear some day)和论据(the Great Wall is being destroyed by people: to build their houses, sheep corrals and pigsties; to build roads; sold for 15 yuan per tractor load)；②用自己的话将上述论点和论据表达出来。
(4)发表看法：①提出问题并加以分析：如何看待我国的文化遗产遭到破坏的现象，并分析其产生的根源；②问题的支持：写保护文化遗产有何意义；③问题的解决：提出保护我国文化遗产的具体措施。
[范文鉴赏] How to protect the cultural heritages in our country？
The Great Wall is one of the Seven Wonders of the World and a symbol of the ancient Chinese civilization, but now it is in danger and some day it may disappear because of some local people’s destroy.
What a pity！As we can see，some other valuable and important relics in our country have been destroying as well. Why are some people doing that so foolishly？Because the local people are not aware of their importance. Cultural heritages are left to us by our ancestors and are also symbols of their wisdoms, which played a very important role in history.
How should we protect our Cultural heritages? In my opinion, firstly, we should make some people who lack of cultural knowledge know about the importance of the historic relics. Destroying them means destroying ourselves. Secondly, the government should take some measures to protect them, and if necessary, laws will be made to punish those who destroy them on purpose. Only in this way can we make our history richer and richer.
(二)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
You must have heard stress contributes to 80% of major illness and is responsible for 75% to 90% of doctor’s visits. But that’s not stress; it’s distress. “Stress is the only anti-aging agent we know of – the exact opposite of what we think,” says psychologist James E. Loehr.
What really brings happiness is meeting obstacles and overcoming them. The damage occurs when stress levels never go down. A recent study showed it took nine days longer for the constantly stressed family caregivers of chronically(慢性地) ill patients to heal from wounds than it took other people the same age. Stress is essential. Life without it would be like having a brand-new cherry-red Porsche and driving it only in the driveway.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2) 然后以约120个词就“你如何看待压力”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a)你是如何看待压力的？
b)在你的学习或生活中压力是否大？如何正视压力？
[写作指导]
(1)扼要概括：本文的论点、论据、结论。
用自己的话表达：
论点→stress is not an obstacle but a power in our life, it is good for us to stay young.
论据和结论→According to the study, we know that stress is necessary in our life, which can motivate us to go ahead.
(2)构思经历：作者认为压力是抗衰老的有效药剂，生活的真正快乐来源于压力给予我们的不断的动力。因此，可以介绍我们在平时学习中是如何将压力变为动力，及如何正视压力。
[范文鉴赏] Stress keeps you young
The passage tells us that stress is not an obstacle but a power of success in your life. What’s more, it is good for us to stay young. According to the study, we know that stress is necessary in our life, which can motivate us to go ahead.
Everyone is affected by stressful situations. How to manage your stress? I hold the same view with the author: stress is essential and we should be lucky to be together with it. As for me, I am keen on studying and enjoy the stress from study now. Once upon a time, I was discouraged because of too much stress from heavy study task. Later, I found the key to taking stress head-on is being relaxed. The better you relax, the better mood you can get from study. Don’t be pessimistic when stress comes into view, maybe it’s a turning point in your life.
(三)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are healthier than housewives. Evidence shows that the jobless are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows that whenever the employment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increase correspondingly(相应地) by 2%. All this comes down to one point: work is helpful to health.
Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, away from loneliness. Researches show that people feel unhappy, worried and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are busy. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work, people come into contact with each other. By collective activities, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him likely to disease.
Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of achievement. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond words.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词就“努力学习，快乐生活”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a)你赞同“努力学习也可以快乐生活”这一观点吗？为什么？
b)举例说明你的同学是如何努力学习并保持健康乐观的心态的？
c)简述如何才能做到努力学习并快乐生活？
[写作指导]
(1)拟定标题：根据议论的主题及写作内容确定标题：Study hard and enjoy yourselves。
(2)扼要概括：找出议论文的基本要素，然后用自己的话表达出来。
(3)确立观点，实施论证：首先要定好自己的观点，不一定是自己本来持有的观点，主要是看文章怎么好写就怎样立论。然后，根据所给“写作内容”进行构思，此处要求举例说明你的同学是如何努力学习并保持健康乐观的心态的，那么，写之前可以想一想平时的学习过程中，什么时候会发笑，会高兴，再把它们搬到同学的身上，用第三人称即可。如一起分享攻克难题后的喜悦；新学会的谚语刚好应景而生；开同学一个无伤大雅的玩笑；学习之余，抽半个小时来一场三人小组篮球赛进行自我调节等等。
最后，用一两句话简述你的看法。
[范文鉴赏] Study hard and enjoy yourselves
The author highlights the effect of work on people’s health, because it can rid one of loneliness, and make one feel fruitful and proud of himself, which always contributes to a good body.
In common with the author, I agree that the harder you work, the happier you will be, as hard work can keep a person busy, and gives one a sense of achievement, hence he will be self-confident and feel happy.
Around me, some of my classmates work very hard, hoping to fulfill their dream. However, they don’t seem unhappy. Oppositely, they try to find fun even under the pressure of the NMET. For example, they may share the joy with others when working out a problem. Sometimes they may play a trick on his partner using the newly-learned idioms, thus refresh themselves quickly.
As for me, I think only when we truly experience what fun it is, can we spare no effort to study hard and meanwhile enjoy ourselves.
(四)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerable, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of the environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(受阻碍) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be proved by the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(寄养) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. John’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词就“环境与人的智力发展”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a)你是否赞同“环境决定智力的发展”这一观点？为什么？
b)请举出具体事例说明你的观点；
c)你认为如何才能最大限度地发展智力？
[写作指导]
(1)扼要概括：找出并转述议论文的基本要素。
(2)确立观点，实施论证：首先要定好自己的观点，然后也可以按上面的表格去构思。现以“环境决定人的智力发展”这一观点为例：
除了这些，要紧靠主题，从环境入手，阐述你对如何才能最大限度地发展智力的看法。
[范文鉴赏] How to fully develop our intelligence?
The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a person’s intelligence by giving an example of a twin brothers, who were brought up in different environment.
Personally, I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence, as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise.
There was such a famous example in Chinese history. Zhongyong, born with a high IQ, distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child, which astonished others. Unfortunately, his father didn’t offer him a good environment to foster him but instead, he often took him everywhere to show off his intelligence. Gradually, Zhongyong became an ordinary person.
Thus, I think we, including our parents, our teacher, even the whole society, should try to create a good environment for the children to fully develop their intelligence, and for the children, they should also learn to exploit everything available to develop themselves.
(五)
阅读下面的短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Years ago it was very difficult to travel from one place to another. The journeys were often long, tiring and dangerous. Today the picture has changed. Science has improved transportation and communication facilities a great deal. Traveling has become safer, more enjoyable and above all, more economical.
Traveling—whether within one’s country or abroad—brings many invaluable benefits. People travel for pleasure, business or for education and knowledge. In the world of yesterday most people were only able to read about strange and fascinating places across the mountains and seas. Later, with the coming of the cinema and television, man’s curiosity about faraway places with strange sounding names was further stirred up. Today man’s curiosity can be satisfied in luxurious comfort. There are first-class ships and airplanes to take him where his dreams lie.
We travel to increase our knowledge of the world in which we live. Knowledge obtained from books alone is not enough. New knowledge of different lands and peoples enrich our mind and soul. Books generally do not give us a very true picture of lands beyond our shores. Some of them are even misleading.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词就“现代交通的利与弊”的主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：
a)通过古今对比说明现代交通给我们带来的好处；
b)现代交通方式给我们带来的负面影响；
c)就如何消除这些负面影响提出你的建议。
[写作指导]
(1)写摘要：首先，找准主题句，①Science has improved transportation and communication facilities a great deal. Traveling has become safer, more enjoyable and above all, more economical.(第一段最后两句) ②论点：Traveling brings many invaluable benefits.(第二段第一句)；论据是：People travel for pleasure, business or for education and knowledge. (第二段第二句) We travel to increase our knowledge of the world. (第三段第一句)。然后，用一两句自己的话把他们有机地联系起来。
(2)列要点：根据要点列提纲，表达个人看法。
Para. 2: advantages—In the past…. But now…
disadvantages—air pollution, traffic jams, lack of energy…
Para. 3: suggestions—a) make rules b) use bicycles instead of cars
(3)扩展成句，连句成文：①使用句子连接。如，用I can’t agree more.把摘要和个人看法联接起来。②使用连词或连接性副词。如：a)also b) Firstly…. Secondly… c) To begin with… What’s more /Besides /Moreover… Last but not least …
[范文鉴赏] On Modern Transportation
With the help of science, transportation makes traveling safer and easier, which brings lots of benefits like satisfying man’s curiosity and increasing man’s knowledge of the world.
I can’t agree more. As the legend goes: To carry the news of the Greek victory, Pheidippides, a professional runner, had to run 42 kilometers without stopping. He dropped dead of exhaustion after shouting, “Rejoice, we conquer!” That happened in 490BC, but now it’s easy for us to cover this distance by car. With the help of modern transportation, we can go everywhere we prefer to. Even the journey to outer space is not a dream any more.
Despite the obvious advantages of modern transportation, it has also created many negative effects such as air pollution, traffic jams and lack of energy. To solve the problems, in my mind, there are two ways. On one hand, rules should be made for drivers to follow. On the other hand, if possible, we’d better use bicycles instead of cars to save energy as well as easing traffic jams.
“读写任务”记叙文写作导练
(一)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
About forty years ago, I was an instructor in the military college at Woolwich, when young Scoresby was given his first examination. I felt extremely sorry for him. Everybody answered the questions well, intelligently, while he did not know anything, so to speak. He was a nice, pleasant young man. It was painful to see him stand there and give answers that were wonders of stupidity.
I knew of course that when examined again he would fail and be thrown out. So, I said to myself, it would be a simple, harmless act to help him as much as I could.
I took him aside and found he knew a little about Julius Cesar’s history. But he did not know anything else. So, I tested him and worked him like a slave. I made him work, over and over again, on a few questions about, which I knew he would be asked.
He came through very well on the day of the examination. He got high praise too, while others who knew a thousand more than he were sharply criticized!
I thought that what in the end would destroy him would be the mathematics examination. I decided to make his end as painless as possible. So, I pushed facts into his stupid head for hours. Finally, however, I was shocked out of my mind. He took the first prize! And he got the highest praise.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你或你的亲友通过勤奋创造奇迹的经历，并包括如下的要点：
a)叙述你或你的亲友通过勤奋创造奇迹的一次真实或虚构的经历；
b)你或你亲友的是如何创造奇迹的；
c)别人对你或你亲友的评价。
[写作指导]
(1)故事性的短文概括应围绕“什么人、发生了什么事、结局如何”来写，即阐述一个故事梗概，忌力陈细节，忌掺入个人评价。
(2)考虑概括内容与你所写故事之间的自然承接，可采用以下的承接方式：
This story reminds me of another story that happened to…
I also went through such an experience.
(3)简述相似经历，即与原阅读材料的故事一样能揭示同一主题思想而不同情节的故事。
(4)阅读原材料，不难看出作者想告诉我们只要有意志和勤奋，就会有“丑小鸭也会蜕变成天鹅”的奇迹，一切皆有可能。因此，我们可以拟定题目为Hard Work Creates Miracles。确定主题后，挑选一个类似的能说明主题思想的故事。
(5)在组织故事时，由于受篇幅的限制，我们也尽可能省去心理描写和对话等细节，用简练的语言（尽量用间接引语）把故事的过程讲清楚即可。组织故事时，可以简单列出要点，有利于我们选择短语、句型和相关的连接词语。
(6)写完故事后，应把你所写的故事和原材料的故事所揭示的主题思想用一两句话写出来, 即篇末点题。
[范文鉴赏] Hard Work Creates Miracles
With his instructor’s help and his hard work, Scoresby, a stupid military man, did better than others in the history examination and even won the first prize in the mathematics examination!
This story reminds me of a similar experience of my cousin. He was nothing but a football fan. So you can imagine how angry and disappointed my uncle and aunt were every time the result of an exam came out! He had been the last in the list of the whole grade! Everybody around my cousin believed him hopeless. However, when he became a student of Senior Three, for some reason, he began to study very hard, or rather, day and night. In spite of the fact that he was quite often laughed at, he kept on studying. To everybody’s surprise, he was finally admitted into a famous university.
From the above two stories, we can see that nothing is impossible and that hard work creates miracles!
(二)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
EVERYONE has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine.
Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod with bait, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didn’t catch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff, preparing to go back home.
Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went over to him, wanting to know why. “Excuse me, but how long have you sat here?” I asked. “About four hours,” he answered. “Four hours?” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Yes. It’s very important to be patient,” the old man said. “Don’t consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enjoy it.” Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a fish touch the bait, but I didn’t move and waited for the right moment to reel it in. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish.
On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你认识到耐心的重要性的一次经历，并包括如下的要点：
a)叙述你认识到耐心的重要性的一次真实或虚构的经历；
b)你是如何认识到耐心的重要性的；
c)耐心对你的生活、学习有什么影响。
[写作指导]
(1)确定体裁：阅读材料是记叙文，要求写的也是记叙文。
(2)扼要概括：概括一篇记叙文，可按记叙文的几大要素来组织。
(3)构思经历：回想经历或编撰故事。能让你认识到耐心的重要性的经历可以是：等公共汽车、学写毛笔字、学习英语、学钢琴等。想好例子后，也可以按上面的表格去构思。下面以等共汽车为例：
除了这些，还要简单介绍耐心对你的生活、学习的影响。
[范文鉴赏] Patience
The story is about an unforgettable lesson of the writer from an old man while fishing, through which the writer realized patience was very important and that it was the secret of success.
I have a similar experience. Once I waited for the bus at the stop for 30 minutes, no bus came. I couldn’t wait any longer and decided to walk to school. But no sooner had I left than the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minute, I would have caught it. If I wanted to take the next bus, I would have to wait for another 30 minutes. Only then did I realize the importance of patience. Being impatient will waste all the efforts that we have made. Patience also plays an important part in our study and life. With it we can achieve greater.
Now, whenever I am to lose my patience, I’ll think of the experience of waiting for a bus.
(三)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150字左右的英语短文。
One morning, Mr Hare was running on the road. Suddenly he saw Mr Tortoise, who was also running on the road towards him. Mr Hare ran up to Mr Tortoise and laughed at him. Mr Tortoise got angry and wouldn't take failure lying down, so he suggested having a race to see who could first get to the big tall tree by the roadsides. Mr Hare agreed with him without hesitation. The race began. Mr Hare and Mr tortoise started from the same line at the same time. When Mr Hare was far ahead of Mr Tortoise and even couldn't see Mr Tortoise, he thought that Mr Tortoise fell behind and couldn't catch up with him. So he stopped and lay down to have a nap. But soon he fell asleep. At the same time, Mr Tortoise kept on running and running. When Mr Hare woke up, he found Mr Tortoise had already sat under the tree and was smiling at him!
[写作内容]
1)以大约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)以大约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你或你的朋友因骄傲而落后的一次经历，并包含以下内容：
a)谈谈这则故事给人们的启示；
b)叙述你或你的朋友因骄傲而落后的一次真实或虚构的经历；
c)谈谈这次经历对你或你的朋友思想态度的影响。
[写作指导]
(1)仔细审题，明确任务：该写作内容包括四个小任务：大意、启示、经历和影响。
(2)认真阅读，概括要点：可按记叙文的五大要素来概括要点，如下表：
切记不得直接引用原文中的句子，语言要简洁明了，最好用两个句子概括原文要点。
(3)引出启示，叙述经历，附上影响：先列出这则故事给人们的启示（take everything seriously , keep modest , not be proud at any time），然后回想经历或编撰故事。生活中因骄傲而落后的经历可以发生在学习英语中或爬山中或赛车中等。确定例子后，也可以按上面的表格去构思。现以学习英语为例：
此次次经历对你的影响：become modest and never proud again。
(4)写后检查，通篇考虑: 查文章是否通顺, 任务是否落实，情节是否完整, 内容是否连贯。
[范文鉴赏] Pride goes before failure
The folktale mainly tells us that in a race Mr Hare proudly thought he would be sure to beat Mr Tortoise and so he lay down to have a nap. As a result, he lost the race.
From the story, we learn that we must take everything seriously and keep a modest attitude towards our studies or work. Besides, we shouldn’t be proud at any time.
The day I came first in the English exam was the happiest day of my life. I had studied very diligently for many weeks and was well prepared for the exam. When the teacher announced that I was the first, I felt so proud that I thought my English was already excellent enough and I didn’t need to study English hard any longer. During the following few months, I didn’t listen to the teacher attentively in class and never did I do my homework after class. In the next exam, the result was quite different. I fell far behind.
From then on, I became modest and never proud again.
(四)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Years ago in Scotland Clark and his wife worked and saved, making plans for their family to travel to the United States. Finally they had saved enough money and gotten passports. The entire family were filled with excitement. However, seven before their departure, the youngest son was bitten by a dog. The doctor sewed up the boy but hung a yellow sheet on the Clarks' front door. Because of the possibility of rabies, they were separated for fourteen days.
The family's dream was dashed. They would not be able to make the trip to America as they planned. The father, filled with disappointment and anger, wept bitter tears and cursed both his son and God for their misfortune.
Five days later, the tragic news spread throughout Britain--- Titanic, which was on her maiden voyage on April 14, 1912, had sunk, taking hundreds of lives with it. The Clark family should have been on that ship, but because the son had been bitten by a dog, they were left behind.
When Mr. Clark heard the news, he hugged his son and thanked him for saving the family. He thanked for God for turning what he had felt was a tragedy into a blessing.
[写作内容]
1)以大约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)以大约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你或你的朋友因祸得福的一次经历，并包含以下内容：
a)叙述你或你的朋友因祸得福的一次真实或虚构的经历；
b)谈谈这次经历对你或你的朋友的影响。
[写作指导]
(1)仔细审题，明确任务：该写作内容包括三个小任务：大意、经历和影响。
(2)认真阅读，概括要点：可按记叙文的五大要素来概括要点, 如下表：
(3)叙述经历，附上影响：回想经历或编撰故事。生活中因祸得福的经历有很多，确定例子后，也可以按上面的表格去构思。现列举一例供参考：
此次次经历对我朋友的影响：keep calm, expect a tragedy to turn into a blessing。
(4)写后检查，通篇考虑:查文章是否通顺, 任务是否落实，情节是否完整, 内容是否连贯。
[范文鉴赏] A tragedy turning into a blessing
This story is about a tragedy turning into a blessing. The Clark family, who were unlucky to missing boarding Titanic because one son was bitten by a dog, were luckily saved fortunately.
Jerry, my friend, once had a similar experience as the Clark family. Last year her family were to make a trip to Beijing just on the afternoon before their trip, she was knocked down by a car when crossing a road and her leg was seriously hurt. She would have to lie in bed for 3 months and their trip had to be cancelled. That evening, she couldn’t help crying the moment she saw me. I made efforts to comfort her and promised to help her with English. I spared her much time. When she was recovered, her English improved greatly.
Now she often says she is thankful for the accident, which has a great influence on her study and her thought. Facing a tragedy, she can keep calm, expecting it to turn into a blessing.
(五)
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
The other day, my father told me that one of his foreign friends from Scotland was coming to visit us. I became nervous at once. Should I talk to him in English?
“He can't speak Chinese,” said my father. “So it's a good chance for you to practise your spoken English.” My English was very poor. When I talked to other people in English, I got nervous about my grammar and could not speak fluently. The worst thing was that when I spoke, I felt everybody was looking at me. And if I made too many mistakes, I thought I would be laughed at. I really lacked the confidence to speak English.
Well, the foreigner, Derec, finally arrived. He was friendly and polite, just like an English gentleman who lived in the 19th century. But, friendly as he was, I was still very nervous. I can't remember what we talked about. But I remember that whatever he asked me, I could only answer yes or no. I was so embarrassed.
But Derec was very nice. He tried to speak slowly and use simple words to make me understand. Little by little, I began to relax and make sentences. I forgot to worry about my grammar and everything else. I just said what I was thinking about. And I felt so happy because the gentleman understood me and nodded with a smile. I thought there were lots of mistakes in my sentences, but I didn't care any more.
[写作内容]
1)以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2)然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文，描写你第一次同外国人说英语的一次经历。要求包括以下要点：
a) 叙述你的一次真实或虚构的经历；
b) 详细描述这次经历的时间、地点、经过和结果；
c) 经历此事后的感想。
[写作指导]
(1)阅读材料是一篇记叙文，可根据记叙文的五个基本要素来概括原文要点。
(2)同外国人说英语的经历我们可能会有，也可能会没有。如果我们没有这样的经历，我们可以通过想象进行虚构。至于说经历此事时的感受，一般来说常人都是差不多的。因此，我们可以使用原文中的某些材料来表达自己的感受。当然，不要使用与原文相同的句子。
(3)本题要求写的内容是一篇记叙文，所以所写的事情应发生在过去。那么在写作第二部分的内容时，文章的时态应用过去相关的时态。
[范文鉴赏] Don’t be afraid to speak English!
In this text, the writer tells us something about his first experience to speak English with a foreigner. Just as most of us do, the writer felt nervous at first because he wasn’t confident enough.
I also had the same experience as the writer. On a Sunday morning last summer, I was walking in the park with my parents when I saw two foreigners. I heard them speaking English. I tried to practice my spoken English, so I went up to them. When I did open my mouth to speak, something embarrassing happened. I told myself not to make any grammar mistakes in my speaking. The more I tried to speak well, the more mistakes I made. I was so nervous that I blushed with shame. Later, I had to run away.
So when we speak with a foreigner, we should be confident about ourselves. Forget all about the grammar and don’t be afraid of making mistakes.
英语作文模板：实用性写作(申请信)
Your address
Month, Date, year
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in ....
And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising. .../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference. I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
Best regards for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,