托福范文的写作方法
下面为大家整理的是关于托福写作范文的应用方法，从翻译和记忆的角度对托福写作的特点和相应的方法进行了总结。大家可以在备考自己的托福写作考试的时候进行适当的整理和借鉴，这样就能更加容易的掌握了。
具体操作步骤如下：
第一步，将一篇优秀的托福独立习作翻译成英文。优秀习作的来源可是是OG给出的4、5分的范文，也可以是市面上各种辅导书所给出的参考范文，甚至可以是老托福TWE185题的李笑来范文。这里需要注意一个细节，我们所做出来的翻译应该和原文放在一个文档以方便我们的后续检查和比较。
第二步，打开一个新的文档，将翻译好的汉语文本进行复制粘贴。这里需要注意的是最好粘贴在非word文档里。由于word具有自动改正的功能，所以很多明显的拼写语法错误会自动修正，而在真实的考场上，ETS给出的软件完全不具备类似的功能(这本来就是考试所要考查的内容)，所以，对word依赖越大，考场之上，失误的可能性就越大。
第三步，对照自己的汉语文本，将汉语翻译成英语。
第四步，将自己的英语文本与原先的范文文本进行对比，标注出自己表达与范文表达不同的地方，并进行修改批注。但是，进行到这一步，大家千万不要以为万事大吉了，确切地说这才是做好我们整个工作的准备环节，真正关键的步骤是第五步。
第五步，也是整个环节中最重要的一步，就是要静心地思考你的英文译文同范文文本的差异，学习范文文本的起承转合的技巧，学习范文文本长句短句的错落交叉，学习范文文本的精确用词--这些都是在你的文章有了思路和结构之后阻碍你得高分的重要因素。
第六步，作为选择步骤。如果前五步，特别是第五步你已经做的无可挑剔，那么这一步可以选择不做。但是如果你在前五步做完之后还有一些困惑，那么请一定要严格执行第六步，即背下这篇范文。为什么不是直接背下范文呢?因为只有通过这样一步一步地翻译，一点一点地对比，你才能知道并且是真正你自己的表达弱点在那里。这种做法看似麻烦，其实比直接背范文的有效性要高出很多。
语言使用(language use)是新托福写作中一项重要的评分维度。根据官方给出的评分标准，考生应该“能够流畅地使用英语(consistent facility in the use of language)”，也就是要求考生能够使用多种英文句型并且恰当用词(There should be a variety of sentence structure， and word choice should be appropriate)。然而，提高语言的难度极高，它既不想发展(development)那样具有训练性，也不像结构(organization)那样具有模版性，如果方法不得当，还很有可能“练而无果”。那么，什么方法能够在短期内有效地提高语言表达呢?很简单，演“译”语言，以译促写。
所谓以译促写，顾名思义就是通过翻译来促进写作。具体说来，就是找一篇英文作文将它翻译成汉语，然后对照汉语，自己把它翻译成英文，最后，将自己的英文稿和最初的范文进行对比，寻找差距。而这样操作的目的也很简单，就是在比较和批注的过程中不断完善提高语言，了解地道的英式表达，从而在考场上从容作文。
借鉴托福写作范文的方法很多，当然如果大家能够对范文的含义非常精准的理解，那么对于托福写作考试的考察方式和考察目的也会有更加详细的了解。所以美联英语学习网建议大家可以从翻译的角度入手进行准备。
第二篇：托福综合写作满分范文
一：网络故事书（web－storybook service）
reading
网络故事书的好处
1.可以教小朋友读书
2.经济实惠，家长不需要为孩子买书了
3.可以代替父母陪伴孩子，为家长节省时间
lecture
反驳
1.使用时不能和小朋友互动（ask question and get feedback）
2.网络上的故事都是过时的，要想读新故事还是要买书（不足）
3.父母与孩子一起读书可以增进感情
例文： The speaker rebuts the reading's argument by pointing out
the inadequacy of the web-storybook services' interaction with children, the incompleteness of the data pool, and by undermining the assumption that saving parents' reading time is a benefit. saved and pronunciation utilities laid out in the reading, the web services can many books that the web services do not provide. parents' time to read stories to children. The reading argues that saving the essential way of communicating and building relationship between parents and children.
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二：药品广告（drug advertisement）
提出命题：药品广告所提供的信息都是客观全面的，且病人对药物了解得越多越好
1.病人可以更多了解处方药的相关信息（information）
2.医生开药时，病人可以与广告上进行比较，有利于选药
3.通过广告，病人可以了解到新药的发展，提醒医生
挑战命题：病人不需要对药物了解太多，因为有时候了解得太多会对非专业的病人产生困扰，而且广告所提供的信息也不完整全面
1.广告通常只有宣传好处，对副作用（side effects）一笔带过，病人很难判断
2.病人对药物的准确用法用量不了解，可能会用错
3.广告只宣传新药，对旧药没有宣传，但是针对不同的病情，也许旧药更为合适
The speaker raises serious counterarguments against the reading paragraphs by providing drastically different evidences regarding
the effects of the advertisement, the impact of self-selecting medication, and the impact of trends in the pharmaceutical industry. only on the positive sides of a certain medicine while ignoring the serious side effects. doctors less liable for potential risks and undesirable consequences.
Lastly, as for the new trends' benefits to the patients, the speaker does not will count for most of the ads may not necessarily be the best medicine, even though the patients can inform their doctors about the new products.
三：网络问卷（web based survey）
reading
网络问卷相对传统问卷的优势
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1.调查范围更广，所以调查结果就更为准确（逻辑错误：参加人多并不代表范围广，也不能保证效果好）
2.发放，填写和收集问卷更加方便简单
3.成本低
lecture
反驳网络问卷的优势
1.所取得的调查结果不全面（biased），因为不是所有人都会上网，中老年人上网会比较少，而年轻人上网比较多
2.成本并不会低，因为一个好的网络问卷需要一个团队的大量工作（提出新的证据：网络问卷也需要成本和人力资源）
3.大多数人对网络问卷都不严肃，会得到不正确的信息，容易混淆视听。
例文： The speaker questions the effectiveness of web based surveys by providing evidences contradictory to the reading.
Firstly, he identified the reading's logical flaw in assuming that an increase in the scope and quantity of the survey will automatically translate to greater young generation. Thus the results cannot be extended to demonstrate the views of the whole population.
Secondly, although the web-based surveys will lower paper cost, they will inevitably incur new costs in web designing, flashy features, and other elements, reading's argument that web surveys will certainly reduce the cost of the survey.
In the end, many web designers tend to overdo in the webpage and add fancy and flashy features. As a result, many people perceive the web-based physical surveys that draw attention effectively, many web based surveys are 3
simply ignored or even deleted.
四：打分偏高（inflation of marks）
reading
老师给学生打的分数越来越高
1.分数打得低会减低学生的学习意志
2.会影响教师自己的测评结果
3.因为别的老师给的成绩高，如果不跟着给高分，学生出去找工作会吃亏
lecture
解决方案
1.应从小灌输正确的学习观念，不应因一次小失利而丧失信心
2.教师的评测可以改在学期结束前进行，这样学生的成绩就不会影响到评测结果
3.企业在选拔人才时可以看学生在班级中的排名而不是单纯的成绩
例文：The speaker challenges the reasoning that supports the current inflation in college grading system, provides very specific alternatives to teacher
evaluation timing and employer methodology in judging a student. reading, low grades will discourage students. The speaker rebuts this point and argues that the true meaning of education is not just to satisfy students.
Letting the students make progress is the purpose and inflated grades will not help students in this way. evaluation, the speaker offers a solution. By finishing the teachers' evaluation before the end of the semester, we can sever the connections between the students' grades and teachers' evaluations.
Lastly, the speaker argues that the school does not have to follow the trend of inflated grades invariably. The reading argues that if the school does not follow the trend, their students will be discriminated, the lecture says that this problem can be solved by providing a weighted relative score. This score will pinpoint a student's percentile in the whole student body and show the other students' 4
scores, thus allowing employers to clearly position the student among the entire student body.
五：加氟自来水（adding fluoride in public water）
reading
在自来水中加氟的好处
1.防止蛀牙
2.杀死细菌
3.对骨骼有好处（decrease bone diseases）
lecture
反驳
1.自来水并不会留在口中，对防止蛀牙没有帮助
2.氟会与输水管（water pipe）中的化学物质反应，产生有毒物质，其危害大于细菌
3.过量的氟会使骨骼变脆
例文：The speaker refutes the reading's argument about the benefits of adding fluoride to pipe water by providing contradictory evidence about
pipe water's fluoride's effectiveness in preventing cavities in teeth, killing bacteria, and decreasing bone diseases.
water will pass the mouth and teeth quickly and go directly to the stomach. reactions with heavy metals in the pipe, such as lead. This will create toxic substances which will pose serious health threat. In this way fluoride could be kill some bacteria, the cure here is worse than the disease.
In the end, the speaker maintains that overdose of fluoride will backfire to human bones. Although the reading illustrates that fluoride will improve bone strength, the lecture says overdose will cause serious damage to human bones.
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六、伦勃朗的油画
The lecture revises the idea presented in the text, that Rembrandt was not the artist who painted the famous painting "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet”.
The inconsistency between the white cap, which identifies the woman as a servant, and the expensive fur collar she wears dissolves as the Professor
explains that the fur collar was apparently painted over the original painting to increase its worth by displaying an aristocratic woman.
In addition, the assumption that light and shadow in the painting do not fit together is refuted by the fact that in the original painting, the woman wears a light cloth that illuminated her face. Thus the presentation of light and shadow was indeed very realistic and accurate, as it is characteristic of Rembrandt’s paintings.
Finally, the mystery of the panel consisting of patches glued together is also solved in the lecture. Actually, the wood panel was later enlarged to make it more grand and valuable, but the original painting was painted on a single panel, as Rembrandt would have done it. Furthermore, the wood is of the same tree used in other Rembrandt paintings, like the "Self-Portrait with a Hat”.
All the information point out that Rembrandt is the painter of the controversial painting.
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