图表作文写作要领
（1）注意总-分结构的使用。中心句概括总趋势。
总增长：
典型数据/区间：there are some fluctuations to this general trend;
Within this general trend, there are some fluctuations, for
example…
（2）注意分水岭的描写,即把整个图表的变化趋势分成两个或三个变化阶段来整体描写。
（3）注意语言的多样化，多用同义词替代，避免重复用词。
（4）注意数据的内部逻辑关系，确定描写线索。即确定以某个数据的变化来贯彻全文。 图表作文句型总结：
1. 基本功: 叙述表格/图表(重点)
(1)组成： consist of.., be made up of.., be composed of..,
(2)比例： account for%, represent%, make/take up %.., 或者直接说 % of….
(3)上升(by..to…)，增加，提高：
a. 普通：increase, grow, rise, expand
b. 渐渐上升：climb, edge up, ascend, trend up.
c. 猛增，激增：jump, surge, soar, proliferate (数量), leap, shot up
d. 词组： achieve an increase in….by…to…
Continue its upwards trend; trend up
On the rise, on the increase.
On consecutive rise: 保持连续增长
n. 名词： increase, rise, growth, expansion,
ascendance渐渐增加,
slight increase, rise, growth in..
bump-up(突然增加), proliferation(激增),jump, leap, surge, boom
(4)减少，下降，减缓
a. 普通：decrease, fall, drop, reduce, shrink, (shrinkage)
b. 逐渐变少：slide, dwindle, decline, edge down
c. 骤减：collapse, slump, plummet, plunge
d. 经济衰退，停顿：slump, collapse, stagnate, stagnant, stagnation,
sluggish, sluggishness, slack,
crisis, recession, slowdown, downturn,
e. 词组： fall off, drop off, go down, continue its downward trend, trend down,
on the decline, on the downturn.
(5) 保持平稳，不变：
Remain stable,/steady,/unchanged
Level off vi 上升，或减退至平稳水平
Subside vi 减退至平稳水平 standstill n/adj 停滞不前
(6) 起伏波动：
Rise and fall,
fluctuate slightly/dramatically,
fluctuate between….and…, a minor fluctuation,
small rises and falls/fluctuations.
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(7)形容趋势程度
a. 剧烈，显著，明显
Dramatically, sharply, considerably, rapidly, suddenly, greatly, alarmingly,
significantly, enormously, steeply, massively, incredibly, hugely, amazingly,
substantially; at an alarming rate; by a wide margin.
b. 缓慢/逐渐
Gradually, steadily, slightly, gently, marginally, slowly, moderately, in a
moderate way, by the least amount.
(8)表示倍数：
a. (使)增几倍于： double, triple, quadruple【'kw?drupl】，
b. adv.adj 几倍的，几倍地：fivefold, sixfold, sevenfold….
c. ad. 几倍： twice, three/four/five times….
e. 几分之几： 2/3： two-thirds, etc. (at a fraction of…)
(9) 比较数据as…as…
a. three/four times as many. 做主语或定语成分
Eg. approx.20% more people preferred the diet cherry version and nearly three
times as many preferred the diet strawberry version.
b.―A + be + XX times + as +adj + as + B‖。
eg. This tree is three times as tall as that one.
Eg. His father is twice as old as he.
c.―A + be + XXtimes + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B ‖
eg. The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
=The Yangtze River is almost three times as long as Pearl River.
Eg. The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
d. .―A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B ‖
eg. The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
e.―The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + 倍数 + that + of + B ‖
eg. The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous
one.
(10) 从不同方面分析数据; in view of the turnover…., In terms of growth,…就营业额
方面来说。。。，就增长方面来说；
2. 描述时间点或时间段
（1）时期泛指 :over the period XXX to XXX, over the years XXX to XXX, from XX to xx; over/during the past XX years; in the last XX years(最近X年)， over the last 15 to 20 years. in the next XX years, during a XX-year/month/week period, throughout.., all the way through, for the year..XXX.
(2) 时期特指：during the same period, over the period in question, over/during the period studied, for the rest of the periods studied, in the two subsequent periods, in the following period, all the way through,
(3)连续下降/上升的某个时期：it is the second/third/fourth consecutive quarter/year/month/week that XXX has fallen
(4) 时间点: until, by the year XXX, since, from the year XXX, up to now, at a 2
given moment, over the period ended on xx/ended in XX
(5)年代：during the 1980s; during the 70s and 80s.,
3. 开头： this graph/report describes/outlines/shows/compare… with…/suggests,
4. 总趋势句型
(1)If we look at the growth in…, we can see there is a steady increase in XX from.. to…/a rise in XX of XXX…
(2)from the graph, we can see there is…./ if we taking the XX first, we can see that there is …
(3)XX was on consecutive growth on the whole over the period in question (except… )
(4)XX shows a relatively steady/upward/downward trend in the last XX years.
(5)XX shows a trajectory of growth/fall….
(6)xx, on the other hand, shows a different trend.
(7)XXX has been growing consistently with XX in the past XX years.
(8)XXX witnessed/saw some rise and fall/fluctuations over the period…
(9)during the same period, XX also rose, but fluctuated greatly.
(10)XX didn‘t vary much and remained just over/below xx Or between..and..
(11)XX shows the same performance/trend although at level 4bn higher than imports.
5. 增长幅度、增长额
(1).., there is a rise in XX of XX/by xx%/from..to…
(2)The figure shows a rise of XX within the whole period and no fluctuations are
to be remarked.
(3)XX rose from…to…, suffering minor fluctuations all the way through.
(4)XX increased slightly/rose steadily. etc , ending the period around XX over
their starting level.
6. 最大涨/跌幅，最高点，最低点
(1) XXX with the biggest increase/decrease coming between…and…,
(2) It went up to the (7-year etc.) peak at….in…. /
(3) The XXX peaked at.. in…./reached/hit a peak in …./peaking at…
(4) The XX rose to the highest, climbed to a seven-month high, (price etc.)advanced to a record $1000 on….,
(5)the XX rose/surge/climb to XXX, the highest since….
(6)骤升shot-up, surge, rocket, upsurge, uplift, proliferation soar, boom 骤降：slump, plunge, plummet(vi), nose-dive vi
5. 起始点
(1)starting off at…./from, sales will increase to.. during…, and remain stable at
during…, only to decrease to… during.
(2)During XXX, it started around XX in the first quarter…
6. 典型数据/区间
(1)Profits will shop up dramatically to 2,000 in 2004, from which it will go up steadily from year to year…
(2)It will go down to the lowest at …in … where it will begin to pick up/rebound/
(3)From 1985 to 1997, XXX were between XX and XXX.
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(4)After… the XX increased/decreased significantly.
(5)the xxx rose up steadily until….
(6)however, there are some fluctuations to this general/within this general trend, for example….
7. 描写fluctuations
(1)from/starting off at…, XXX increased to.. during.. and remain stable at.. during.., only to decrease to.. during…
(2)XXX increased/soared from xx to XXX in… followed by a sharp drop to…in…
(3)soar again, fall back to, drop back to…and then maintained this position throughout ….
(4)it started around XX in xx, increased slowly to XX in.., and then fell to XXat the end of the year.
(5)It stayed stable at around XX during xxx and xxx, then decreased to XXX in…,before recovering at/to XXX at the end of …
8. 对比，比例的描写
(1)倍数关系描写（见1）;
(2)分数关系：one/a fifth of, 8 out of 10, at a fraction of…
(3)组成：consist of, be made up of…, be composed of…
(4)比例： account for.., represent, take up..,
(5)对比：compared to, in comparison with…, relative to…, the ratio is….
Eg. Female executives dominate in the age group between 24 and 39, where the ratio is 42 to 10. (The first representing the number of women and latter, men ). Eg. It decreases half in group 60 to 69 where 10 women hold top position in comparison to/with 21 men.
Eg. The graphs shows the number of cars per 100 people over the period 1980 to 2020 relative to the growth of the world‘s population.
9. 大小的比较
(1)差：spread(差价), margin, split, difference,
差额为正/负：xxx remained positive/negative
(2)占多数，a. XXX dominate in the XX group/amongst….
b. In the age range above…, XXX are in /sliding / majority.
(3)超过: a. XXX exceeded/outstrippedXXX but not by the same margin, b. XXX exceeded XX by XX percent, outnumber xxx by XXX.
c. exceed XX-level. With the earnings exceeding XXX.
(4) 比例相等：a. an equal number of both…and…
b. XXX take an equal proportion in ….
(5) 从小到大描述数据：followed by
Eg. 44% of our sales income came from US, followed by Europe(26%), and
south America(19%)
(6)排序的描写： ranked No.1/2; The second /third largest…; be in the
first/second/third place.
10. 表示预测的句子; be likely to…/is expected to…./is supposed to…/is estimated
to../is projected to…/will/will be
11. 叙述受访者态度
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(1)XXX received XX positive responses and XX negative responses..
(2) XX people gave a positive response/comment on..
(3)Asked about…., XX people responded positively/negatively whereas XX
people say sth negative about it.
(4) XX of xx respondents complained about….while XX though it positively,
/thought it to be satisfactory
12. Distribution
(1) xx%, more than half XX, XX out of XX…
(2) the respondents are almost equally divided between XXX and XX(different stances)
(3)XX and xxx take a similar proportion in XX group/range
13. data and compare的中心句
(1)The company employs almost an equal number of executives of both sexes. However, there are remarkable differences depending on the age range considered.
(2)The overall result of this international survey on planned IT expenditure for the next year shows significant differences between Europe and Aisa.
(3)The situation in XX, however, is quite different.
(4)however, the XX vary greatly on the XX…
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I Data and Change
1. 此类报告有两个目的，呈现数据，描写变化趋势，自己的主观发挥较少或者没有发挥。
不要发挥图表里不存在的内容。一般会要求呈现多个item的变化情况，可以用小标题分段。重点如下：
一、 首先把握图表的大趋势；
二、 描述重要变化点，例如sudden growth, abrupt drop, drastic shrinkage…,
proliferation etc.
三、 起始点和衔接点的描述【turning point】
四、 需重点掌握的有：描写变化的句型，及以上一、二、三。
五、 条形图和线性图都一般都涉及到这种类型。
Samples
1. 销售预测： Bar Chart, 趋势，最大值，最小值，变化值
Report on Sales Forecast for next year
Introduction
This report sets out to outline and compare the sales forecasts for fridges, TVs, and cookers of Toller Electrical Ltd for next year.
Findings
The unit sales of fridges is/ARE expected to stay/remain steadily at 5,000 throughout the four quarters of next year.
The sales of TVs, on the other hand, will be on consecutive rise, starting off at 5,000 in 【改为during比较好，下同 】the first quarter, jumping to 15,000 during the second The sales of cookers, however, is 【因呈现的是四个季度的sales，所以此处应用are】likely to fluctuate a bit next year. The unit sales will reach 5000 in the first quarter, and rise sharply/significantly to 10,000 in the second and third quarter, then decline to 5,000 again in the fourth quarter.
Conclusion
The TV is expected to be the best seller of Toller Electrical Ltd next year. 参考范文；
Report on Sales Forecasts for Toller Electrical Ltd
The aim of this report is to compare the sales forecasts for three product areas for next year.
Unit sales of fridges are likely to remain at 5,000 during all four quarters of next year.
TV sales, on the other hand, will significantly increase during the second quarter from 10,000 to 15,000. Unit sales will remain at 15,000 during the third quarter and soar once again to 20,000 during the fourth quarter.
Unit sales of cookers, however, are likely to fluctuate, starting off at 5,000, sales will increase to 10,000 during the second and third quarter of next year, only to decrease to 5,000 unit sales during the fourth quarter.
It was concluded that TVs will be Toller Electrical Ltd‘s strongest product area in the following year.
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NOTE; 注意表示预测的句型
2. 产量与价格变化---关联性数据
重点：changes in production and prices.
Report On Wheat Production and Prices
This report summarizes the changes in production and prices over a ten-year period from 1990 to 2000.
From the chart we can see there was a steady growth in wheat production over the given period. Starting off at around 0.8 million tones in 1990, the yearly output rose to almost 1.5 million tones five years later, and exceeded 2-million-tonne level in 2000.
The average price of wheat, on the other hand, fluctuated a bit over the same period. From around 1300 per tone in 1990, it shot up quickly in 1995, peaking at around 3000 per tone. However it dropped back to around 2000 per tone in 2000.
To conclude, it shows that the total output of wheat is not the sole factor deciding the trend of price.
特点：柱状图，趋势明显，数据少。比较简单。
3. 客户投诉与列车准时率与可靠性---关联数据
准时率、可靠性与顾客投诉。 数据不多，可考虑逐年描写。
Report; XX train operator
This report summarizes the changes that took place in reliability, punctuality and the number of complaints received during a 12-week period, which was divided further into three sub-periods.
From the graph we can see about 97% of the timetabled trains were running during the first four weeks. The percentage rose to 100% from the fifth week onwards and remained stable for the rest of the periods studied.
Conversely, the punctuality percentage was declining consecutively over the given period. From 95% at the outset, it edged down in the two subsequent periods and hit the lowest at around 90% in the last three weeks.
The number of complaints per 100,000 passenger journeys remained stable at 200 in the first four weeks and even dropped slightly in the following period, probably owing to the rise of reliability. However, during the last 4 weeks, it went up again to an all time high at around 225.
To conclude, it is clear the punctuality has significant influence on the number of complaints received.
NOTE; 注意描写区间的词
For the rest of the periods studied/in question
In the two subsequent periods
In the following period.
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4. 乘客收益与准时率---关联性数据
典型数据：revenue peak: 2n of 2006, on-time 骤降：2-3 quarters
Report on passenger revenue and on-time rate of trains of Cruiseline
This graph describes changes of the passenger revenue and the on-time percentage of trains of Cuiseline over the period 2005 to 2006.
From the graph we can see the on-time percentage of trains remained relatively stale between 85% and 90% before the second quarter of 2006. Over the same period, the passenger revenue was on consecutive rise on the whole except a slight drop in the last quarter of 2005. Starting off at about 280 m, it climbed to a peak at 330 million by the second quarter of 2006.
However, as the on-time rate nose-dived precipitately to around 70% in the third quarter in 2006, the revenue dropped consistently from 330 m to 65 m, the largest decrease over the period in question. Although the punctuality rate rebounded gradually to 75% later, the revenue still kept declining and reached its two-year lowest at 65 m at the end of 2006.
It is concluded that the punctuality of trains has a significant effect on the passenger revenue.
Band 4 sample
Report: Cruseline train company
The graph shows the passenger revenue and the percentage of trains arriving on time during the years 2005 and 2006 of Cruseline train company.
Regarding the passenger revenue, during 2005 it started around 280 million in the first quarter, increased slowly to 300 million in the 3rd quarter and then fell to around 290 million at the end of the year. In 2006, the revenue increased steadily to 330 during the 2nd quarter followed by a sharp fall to around 225 at the end of 2006. The percentage of trains arriving on time stayed stable at around 88% during the 1st and 2nd quarter in 2005, then decreased to 85% in the 3rd quarter before recovering at round 87% at the end of 2005. Till the 2nd quarter in 2006 the percentage
decreased steadily to 85% before falling rapidly to 68% and recovering to 75% at the end of 2006.
5. 供求关系-bar chart and line chart---关联性数据
Main point—relationship of supply and demand
横坐标—year 竖坐标， demand, and stock…
Report On supply and demand for palm oil over the period 1985 to 2006.
This graph compares the amount of palm oil held in world stock over the years 1985 to 2006 with the demand.
From the graph we can see the total demand for palm oil was on consecutive rise on the whole over the period in question except a marginal fall during 98/99. Starting from 7.5 million tons in 1985, it grew significantly to 33 million tons during 05/06 period.
The ending stocks, on the other hand, witnessed a number of fluctuations over the 8
past twenty years when the supply outstripped the demand at all times with the largest margin coming between 2000 to 2001 at 3,000 tons. Then the difference kept decreasing year by year until the supply and demand growth curve finally overlapped from 2003.
It can be concluded that the palm oil supply outstripped the supply throughout the period in question but showed a tendency to grow consistently with each other after some rise and fall in between. .
NOTE: ending stock, 即每一年的年终库存结余。由此可知，整体来说是供大于求的，因为每年的ending stock高于supply， 供求差异与00/01年间达到最高峰，之后逐年缩小，从03年开始达到供求平衡。
参考范文；
NOTE：注意找出图表变化的分水岭，对于ending stock，85—99是一个阶段，ending stock一直相对稳定，在1700以下，但是99年以后开始大幅增长，到01/01年间增至顶峰，之后逐年下落，最终于demand重合。
6. 车辆保有量与人口增长 bar chart and line chart
introduction
The graph shows that the number of cars per 100 people over the period 1980 to 2020, relative to/相对于/ the growth of the world‘s population.
Growth in population
If we look at the growth in population, we can see there is a steady increase from 4.2 billion people n 1980 to 7.7 billion in 2020, with the most significant increase coming between 2000 to 2020. /总涨幅，最大增幅年/
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Number of vehicles per 100 people
The number of vehicles per 100 people follows a similar trend, rising steadily over the same period. From ten cars per 100 people in 1980, it is projected to increase to sixteen in 2020. /总趋势，起始数据/
Conclusion
The dramatic consequence of these two developments when combined is that the total number of vehicles almost doubles in 40 years, a fact which is certain to have implications for energy resources and pollution in the future.
7. 温度与二氧化碳排放
NOTE: 范文中描写的数据
1. 总增长，there was a steady rise in global temperature of 0.8 Degree F over…
2. 典型浮动：with this general trend, there were many fluctuations. For example,
between… and…, /there were some variations to this general trend.
3. 典型区间：from 1950 to 1990 (最大变化区间)/level off after 1970(分水岭)
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8. 农业与制造业进出口及贸易平衡
Band 4 Sample
This report describes the movements of the balance of trade between 1991 and 2001, for a particular country, concerning manufacturing and agriculture.
Manufacturing:
Imports increased constantly during the period studied. The figure shows a rise of 4 billion within the whole period and no fluctuations are to be remarked.
Exports rose from nearly 3 billion in 1991 to approx. $7bn in 2001, suffering minor In general, the balance of trade remained slightly positive through the period considered.
Agriculture
Imports increased slightly, ending the period around $1bn over their starting level（表总增长额的黄金句）. They suffered a temporary fall between 1992 and 1994, followed by a steady recovery. After peaking at around 2.5 bn in 1999, imports fell slightly to their final value.
Consequently, the balance of trend remained markedly positive throughout the period.
NOTE: 注意范文的描写重点，和行文结构。
注意描写趋势的手法：见黑体部分。注意流畅性和主语的统一。
自己写的对趋势的描写太笼统，应学习范文对movement变化的把握。
不见得非要用总-分结构。内容太多时，可用小标题使结构更清晰。
行文结构： M：import, export, balance
A. import, export, balance // Conclude.
9. 工业与林业进出口量
Report on Imparts of Industry and Forestry for an European Country
This report describes the general situation in imports of industry and forestry for an European country in the two years 2007 and 2010.
Industry
Imports of industry did not vary much in 2007, fluctuating between 29 and 31 million tons throughout the four quarters while in 2010, they saw a consecutive rise from 30 million tons in the first quarter to 80 million tons at the end of the year.
Forestry
By comparison, imports of forestry were much higher than that of industry during the both of the two years. In 2007, there was a steady rise in forestry imports from 50 million tons to 70 million tons with a slight fall in the second quarter. In 2010, the imports were even higher. Starting at around 70 million tons, they hit a peak at 80 million tons in the second quarter, followed by a steady fall to 60 million tons for the rest of the year.
In conclusion, imports of both the two have increased significantly during 2007 to 2010.
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按年份写
2007
Imports of industry did not vary much in 2007, fluctuating between 29 to 31 million tons. Over the same year, imports of forestry were much higher, rising from 50 million tons to 70 million tons with a slight fall in the second quarter.
2010
In 2010, imports of both the two rose significantly. Industry saw a consecutive rise in imports from 30 million tons in the first quarter to 80 million tons at the end of 2010. Imports of forestry, on the other hand, saw some ups and downs. Starting at 70 million tons, they rose to a peak at 80 million tons in the second quarter followed by a steady fall to 60 million tons for the rest of the year.
10. 产品采购量
Report on purchase quantities of Rice
This table chart shows the purchase quantities of rice for each quarter of 2009 and 2010 of an European company.
The purchase quantities of rice in 2009 showed a trend of steady rise. Starting off at 100 million tons, they grew steadily for the three subsequent quarters, hitting a yearly peak at 130 million tons at the end of the year.
In 2010, the purchase quantities continued the upward trend, peaking at 160 million tons in the second quarter. In spite of a slight decline to 150 million tons in the third quarter, they regained the momentum quickly and soared again to 160 million tons at the end of the year.
The findings above indicate that the company is advancing during the given period.
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II. Data and Compare
1. Data and Compare的报告目的在于compare, 会呈现一部分数据，但是都是以对比为目的。
2. 此类报告的写作重点为：split，difference, ratio, proportion等。常常需要用到表示对比的语言：
3. 对比的数据包括：不同产品/商店/公司盈利能力，年度表现环比、进出口量、产量等环比等。
1. 年度表现对比：包括不同指标（营业额等）对比，与年度环比
i. 公司年度表现 Report On Performance of XX Company
This report describes the performance of XX company over the period 2001-2003 by analyzing the turnover, unit sales and operating profit.
From the graph we can see there was a consecutive decrease in operating profit over the period studied. Starting off at 500 million in 2001, it plummeted by 20% to 400 in the following year, and then kept declining to around 350 million in 2003.
The turnover, on the other hand, remained relatively stable between 6100-6200 million during the same period. From 6200 million, it decreased slightly to 6100 in 2002, and recovered to 6200 again in 2003.
The unit sales showed a similar trend as turnover in the three years. In 2001, 10 million units were sold while in the following year, this number went down slightly to around 8.5. To our delight, it soared to a record high of 11 million in 2003,
From these figures we can see, there was a buoyant demand for the company‘s product from 2001 to 2003. However, the operating profit failed to grow consistently. Therefore, I recommend the company cut down on its costs to improve the profitability.
NOTE: 可逐年写，也可逐指标写。
ii. 公司股票与现金收益 bar + line : Main task; describe changes
按年份写：
Report On Stock and Earnings of XX Plc
This graph describes the changes in the stock value and earnings of XX plc. over the year 2009 to 2010.
2009
Taking the stock first, we can see there was a steady rise from 55million to 80million during the year 2009 with the largest increase coming between the 2nd and the 3rd quarter./总趋势，最大增幅区间/ Over the same period, the earnings of the company fluctuated greatly. Starting around 20 million in the first quarter, they rocketed to 90 million in the third quarter followed by a sharp fall to the starting level at the end of the year. /总趋势，细述/
2010
The stock performed very steadily in 2010, staying around 80 million throughout the year. The total profits were slightly higher than that of 2009. However, the quarterly profits showed a much steadier trend, remaining stable around 40 million 13
within the whole period. /总趋势/对比总趋势/
The trend of stock and earnings shows that the company was running well during the given period.
按指标写：年度对比性较强。
The graph shows the trend of the stock and earnings of an European company for each quarter of the two year period, 2009 to 2010.
Earnings:
In 2009, the company had a low start with a earning of just 20 million in the first quarter. However, the figure rose steadily in the second quarter and shot up to a two-year peak at 90 million in the third. In the fourth quarter, it fell back again to its starting level. By comparison, the company achieved a slightly higher total profit in 2010 with the quarterly earnings staying stable between 40 and 50 million throughout the year.
Stock
The stock followed a similar trend to earnings. Starting at around 55million in the first quarter in 2009, the figure rose steadily, peaking at around 85 million at the end of the year. Then it dropped slightly to around 80 million at the beginning of 2010, and maintained this position for the rest the period.
The trend of stock and earnings indicated that the company is running well over the given period.
iii. 年度收益 Report on earnings of PLC during 2009 to 2010
This chart shows the general changes in the earnings of XX plc over the years 2009 to 2010.
From the graph we can see the company did not have a very good start in 2009, with a earning of only 35 million dollars for the first quarter. Although the profits rose to a peak at 40 million dollars in the second quarter, they dropped back to the starting level again after two consecutive declining quarters.
By comparison, 2010 was a fantastic year with both much higher quarterly earnings and constant profit growth throughout the year. In the first quarter, the company achieved a profit of 40 million dollars, rising 11% year on year. Then the figure rose steadily in the following quarters, reaching a record of 60 million dollars at the end of the year.
From the changes of earnings of the two years, we can see the company is advancing during the given period.
iv. 销售量所占比例环比
Report on changes in percentage of sales made by retailers in Britain
This report summarizes the changes in percentage of sales made by retailers in Britain between 1996 and 2001 by analyzing the data of a typical week.
The week in 1996.
From the graph we can see there was a steady rise in the daily sales of retailers from Monday to Friday, with the percentages growing from around 8% to a peak at 25%. Then the percentage declined slightly on Saturday before plummeting to a low below 14
5% at the end of the week.
The week in 2001
The percentage in 2001 showed a similar trend, although at a level 1% to 3% lower compared to 1996. However, Monday and Sunday were exceptions to this general trend, with the percentages exceeding that of 1996 by about 3% in the two days. From the data we can conclude that the percentage of sales made by retailers did not fluctuate much between 1996 and 2001.
2. 不同产品/公司的销售额/盈利能力对比
i. Line chart: 对比两个公司的年度表现；要求既有公司对比又有年份对比。
写作重点：对比利润。 趋势，呈现，对比
Report On Profits of two sea subsidiaries in 2008 and 2010
The line charts shows the trends of profits of two sea food subsidiaries in Europe and Australia in 2008 and 2010.
2008
The Australian subsidiary did not have a very good start in 2008 with the first-quarter profit being slightly above 30 million. Although the figure rose gradually to around 38 million in the 2nd quarter, it declined steadily to the starting level in the two subsequent quarters. Over the same period, the European subsidiary performed much better, with the profits staying stable above 45 million throughout the year. /trend, 起点，最高点，终点 // 对比，trend/
2010 20xx年是难点，既要横向对比，又要按时间纵向对比
The profits of Australian subsidiary in 2010 was similar to that of 2008, but fluctuated greatly. The first two quarters were quite unfruitful, with the quarterly profits standing at only 20 million. However, in the third quarter, they rocketed to a record around 85 million before falling back to 20 million again in the fourth quarter. By contrast, the profits of European subsidiary did not vary much. They showed the same performance as that of 2009, but at level 15 billion lower. /对比trend，起点，最高点，终点// 横向对比趋势，纵向对比数量/
vibrate [vi·brate || va?'bre?t] v. 振动, 激动, 颤动; 使颤动, 使摆动, 使振动 NOTE:
1.应尽量再简洁一些。
ii. bar chart三种不同产品两年来营业额对比
i. Report On Performance of Product A. B, C during 2009 to 2010
2009
Of the three products, A, B, and C, earnings of A had a steady growth in the first three quarters and a sharp rise to 60 million in the fourth quarter. Product B, on the other hand, achieved a similar total profit but performed much more steadily with the quarterly earnings ranging from 30 million to 35 million. By comparison, product 15
C was the most profitable with the earning staying above 40million throughout the four quarters.
2010
In 2010, product A had an excellent start but the profits fell gradually for the rest of the year. Over the same period, earnings of product B fluctuated greatly. They plummeted to 10 billion in the second quarter, recovered to 30 million in the third quarter, but dropped back to 20 billion at the end of the year. Profits of Product C still showed a very steady trend this year, but at level 20 billion lower than 2009.
To conclude, yearly profit of product A increased over the given period while profits from product B and C decreased greatly.
iii. bar chart 三个outlets营业额对比
重点；在于数据的比较。要对比营业额最高的店和最低的店。同时简单描述数据的大趋势，但不作为重点。
Report on turnover for three types of outlets of XX company.
The graphs shows the turnover for three types of outlets of XX company over a three-year period from 2000 to 2002.
The supermarkets was in a position of unrivaled dominance in terms of both turnover and growth. Starting off at around 65 million in 2000, the turnover was increasing consecutively in the following two years, and peaked at 80 million in 2002, The small shops, however, proved the most unprofitable over the same period. From 30 million, its turnover dropped significantly to 20 million in 2001 and rebounded a bit to 25 million in 2002.
The turnover of department stores took the middle place of the three. Remaining relatively satisfactory at 50 million in 2001, it witnessed a sharp fall to 35 million in 2001To conclude, it is clear that the supermarkets is the most profitable outlet of XX company during the period studied.
iv. bar chart 三个不同产品销售额所占比例对比
重点：compare the contributions of the three products to turnover in the three years. 分析：可按年份写，也可以按产品写。
Report On the Contributions of Three Products of XX Company
This report sets out to compare the contributions of the three products---washing machine, cookers and heaters of XX company over the years 2000 to 2002.
Washing machines
Wash machines, the most profitable product of the three, contributed 30% to the company‘s turnover in 2000. The percentage rose constantly in the following two years, peaking at 34% in 2002.
Cookers
Turnover from cookers took the second place throughout the three years. The percentage contributed by cookers remained relatively stable at 22% over the given 16
period except a slight fall to 20% in 2001.
Heaters
In contrast to washing machines, heaters contributed least. It was also the only product area whose turnover was on consecutive decline over the period in question. In 2000, the turnover from heaters only accounted 16% of the company‘s total revenue. The figure declined slightly to 14% in 2001 but plummeted by 50% in 2002 to around 7%.
To conclude, the washing machines are the strongest product of XX company and heaters the weakest.
NOTE: 可以适当加强对比性，整体来说不错。
Band 5 Sample
The chart shows how much of the turnover of a certain company was contributed by each of its three main product areas over the years 2000 to 2002.
Generally speaking, washing machines are the strongest and heaters the weakest of the three products. This basic difference between the two became even more pronounced in this three year period with the contribution of washing machines to the company‘s turnover rising from 30% in 2000 to 24% in 2002, while the share which the heaters contributed dropped from sixteen percent in 2000 to seven percent in 2002. The contribution of the third product—cookers—remained relatively steady during this period. It dropped slightly from 22% to 20% in 2001, but recovered again in 2002.
V．三个产品盈利能力对比
Report On Changes in Profit or loss made on three new products
This report outlines the changes that occurred in the profit or loss made on the products A,B and C over a ten-month period from Feb, 2000 and the end of the year. Profits from Product A grew steadily to around 7500 from Feb to Aug. Then they declined slightly to 7000 in Oct and plummeted to 3000 at the end of the year.
The profits of product B rose consecutively, peaking at 6000 at the end of the period. The largest increase came between Jun and Aug, where the profits doubled from 2000 to 4000.
In contrast, Product C did not generate any profit over the same period with the profits staying relatively stable at 0 on the whole. Although it achieved a profit of 1000 during Jun and Aug, the earning was offset quickly by an equivalent loss in the next two months.
Consequently, we can conclude that the product B was the most stable product whereas the product C is the weakest.
vi. Bar char + Pie chart 三个工厂季度盈利及员工分布对比
注意大趋势的描写。重点在于盈利情况的比较/季度、增幅、总利润等。
题目要求：trends of profit and number of employees in each factory.
难点：两个图表如何结合起来写。
Band 5 sample
This report outlines the development of profits in three plants, in London, Leeds and 17
Bristol, in 2003 and describes the staffing situation in each plant.
Bristol, the company‘s largest factory①, employed 600 people and reached profits of 12 million in the first quarter of 2003. The profits declined steadily, dropping to 9 million in the last quarter②.
The factory in Leeds had a workforce of 350 people. This made it the company‘s second largest plant. Profits remained almost unchanged at 8 million. In the third quarter, however, they reached a low at 7.5 million.
The London factory‘s workforce comprised 150 people. Profits did not vary much and remained just over 3 million. Nevertheless, they peaked in the second quarter with earning exceeding 4 million level③. 突破4百万大关
Words:
Plant
staffing situation
reach profits of XX
reach a low at…
with a workforce of XX people, the workforce comprised XX people.
NOTE:
注意语言的简洁明了和表达的多样性。
使用简短明了的语法结构，如同位语见①，分词结构②，或独立主格结构③，少使用长句或从句。
注意profit的单复数，在表示变化时，eg profits did not vary much. 指的是4个季度的profit所以要用复数，后面用they代之。
vii. Line Chart：两个产品销量对比，则可以按照split的变化为线索写。
Report On Average Sales of Summer and Winter Clothing
The report compares the average sales volumes of clothing in summer and winter.
2. From the chart we can see average sales volumes of both the two seasons experienced sharp rise and fall over the five-year period. However, the split between the two varied a lot in different periods. /总起句，大趋势，点出split/
Sales volume of summer clothing started at around 30,000 in 2005, /起点/ However, the split narrowed gradually during 2005 to 2006 until the two figures overlapped at 35,000. /分区1-重合点/
By the beginning of 2006, the sales volume of summer clothing reached a peak at 40,000 pieces, outnumbering the winner‘s by more than 15,000./分区2—最高点，最低点/
Then the sales volumes of the two went increasingly closer before overlapping again at 35,000 in the first half of 2007 /分区3—重合点2/.
For the rest of the period, sales volumes of both of the two seasons stayed stable between 30 and 35, with the winter clothing exceeding the summer all the time by a steadily rising margin. /分区4 level off/
In conclusion, the clothing sales of the two seasons fluctuated greatly during 2005 to 2006, but showed a tendency to stabilize after 2007. /总结句，呼应开头，总结总趋势/
NOTE: 注意对比数据的句子：
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(1)使用同位语结构：XXX started at around XX , (2)使用分词结构：the xx reached a peak at , (3)独立主格结构：The XX stayed stable between xx and xx,
(4)表示差距：split, difference, margin, gap
(5)差距增大/缩小：narrow, ever-enlarging(不段扩大), decrease, increase.
本文结构：总—分—总； 总起句，按split变化划分分区，总结
2. 如果题目要求summarize changes就比较简单，分别呈现各自数据，稍加对比即可。 Of the sales of clothing in two seasons, the summer clothing had a rise and went down slowly while the winter one had a sharp decline and then rose gradually. 句，对比和总结了两个季节服饰的典型趋势。继而分开叙述。
Summer clothing
Starting at around 30,000 pieces at the beginning of 2005, sales volume of summer clothing went up steadily throughout the year, peaking at 40,000 pieces in 2006. Then the figure started to decline consecutively, dropping back to its starting level at 30,000 in 2010.
Winner clothing
Winner clothing achieved an excellent sales volumes of 45,000 pieces at the beginning of 2005. However, the figure slid sharply then, reaching the lowest at around 23,000 in 2006. Then it rebounded and rose to 30,000 during the first half of 2007 and maintained this upward trend for the rest of the period.
In conclusion…. 这样写层次比较清楚，也比较容易，但是对比感不强。
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III. Distribution 分布
描写数据分布的report一般为pie chart，主要叙述和对比各部分比例，常用总分--小总分—总结构。一般包括预算支出比例、年龄、性别分布、调查反馈意见比例等。经常会用到倍数关系、分数关系等。需要熟练掌握叙述比例的词和句子。
1. 性别、年龄分布
Report on Distribution of male and female managers in different age groups The report analyses the numbers of male and female managers in different age groups in Star World.
Female executives dominate in the age group between 24 and 39, where the ratio is 42 to just 10, the first representing the number of women and the latter, men.
Nevertheless, in the age range above 40, male executives are in majority. Although in group 40 to 49 the split is slight [29 male executives to 28 female], amongst older managers men starkly dominate. The difference reaches 20 in range 50 to 59, with 39 male directors and 19 female directors. It decreases half in group 60 to 69, where 10 women hold top position in comparison to 21 men. Yet in the last age group, 70 to 79, female executives are absent. It solely consists of 4 male managers. NOTE;
1． 本文以male和female的dominate为中心，以difference between the two numbers为主线，将每组的数据自然的串联起来。同时将分组的分布叙述的很清楚。词汇和语句多变。
2. 对executives进行了多样化的说法，包括managers, hold the top position, in the upper echelon, reach the top management level等。Female 和 male也可以用women和men简化处理。
3.注意对比两项数字时的语言；
4. 注意上下文的连贯和逻辑。从finding里找出叙事的主线为； 从where the ratio is…开始，到although the split is slight in…, 到the difference reaches …in …, 到it decreases half in…. 最后到 Yet in…. XXX is absent, 内容十分连贯，主线明确。
2. 出口量比例对比
Report on Grains export in Europe and North America
This report aims to show the differences in exports of wheat, corn and soy between Europe and America
Firstly, wheat exports in Europe take up the largest proportion of the three grains, accounting for 60% of the total grain exports. This percentage is twice as much as that in America where the wheat exports represent only 30%.
Moreover, corn exports of the two continents are quite different, taking up 20% of the grain exports in Europe compared to 60% in America.
By comparison, the split of soy exports between the two regions is much smaller as in Europe soy contributes 20% to the total grain exports while in America, it contributes 10%.
In conclusion, we can see clearly that Europe exports more wheat while North America is famous for corn exports.
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采用总分—小总分—总结构，逐项比较split.
总起句一般点名：higher, lower, more, less, different, similar, split is large/small等。 分述句一般采用动名词结构，独立主格结构，或as, in that等对总起句进行补充说明。
3. survey—预算支出比例
重点：对比，compare the differences
Report On IT Expenditure Planning
This report sets out to describe the different opinions on the IT expenditure budget planning for the next year in companies in Europe and South-East Asia.
European Companies
When asked about the IT expenditure, 35% of the respondents plumped for increasing the budget whereas 30% recommended cutting down on it. The remaining 35%, however, thought there was no need to alter the current spending on information technology. It can be seen that the three different opinions accounted for a similar proportion in this group.
South-Asian Companies
In contrast to Europe, number of companies advocating getting the IT expenditure down were in sliding majority, taking up 59% of the total respondents.
Conversely, only 16% of the respondents suggested increasing the budget, much lower than the percentage in Europe, while 25% thought that it should maintain the current position.
NOTE: 注意本文的重点是 compare the difference 一定要在此上做文章，而不是单纯呈现数据。注意加强对比的力度。只呈现数据的话等于是让读者自己去比，失去了此报告的意义。
Band 5 Sample ： 总—小总分结构； 现在时态,
Report: IT expenditure in Europe vs Asia According to the survey results, European companies are almost equally divided between increasing their IT spending, keeping it at this year‘s level or decreasing it. Almost 60% of the surveyed Asian companies plan to increase their IT expenditure next year, compared to just over a third in Europe. /分1 increase 【小总，嵌入结论】only 16% are planning to decrease it, compared to 30% in Europe. /分2，decrease Finally, the percentage of companies who are planning to keep IT expenditure at the same level is also lower in Asia, although not to the same extent. /分3，maintain 注意范文的结构：
总起句—Europe情况综述---以Asia情况为切入点，逐项对比，并不用把所有数据都写上去。只是需要告诉读者higher than, lower than.., 就可以了。
Firstly, increase 60% compared to just over a third
Moreover, less keen on cutting IT spending. 16%，compared to 30%
Finally, Keep it at the same level is also lower, although not to the same extent.
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4. survey----调查结果报告
Report on Results of a Survey
This report sets out to present the results of a survey carried out recently among the directors or senior managers of small and medium-sized business.
1. Weekly working hours
The result of the survey shows that 227 managers 40-50 hours a week on average, accounting for almost half of the total respondents. The number of people working more than 50 hours similar to that in 40-50 range, with 161 managers working 50-60 hours a week while 82 working even more than 60 hours. By contrast, only 52 respondents the four ranges.
2. Number of staff grown or not
According to the survey, 328 of the surveyed directors an increased workforce compared to 194 whose staff number hasn‘t grown.
3. Communication technology investments
Asked about their investments in communication technology, only 135 respondents increase the spending while over twice as many--------------------
题目；
Below are the results of a survey carried out recently among the directors or senior managers of small and medium-sized businesses.
1. how many hours do you work a week;
Less than 40; 52
40-50 hours; 227
50-60 hours; 161
Above 60; 82
2. has your number of staff grown/
328; yes, 194; no
3. have you increased your investment in communication technology
387 yes, 135 no.
5. survey---产品反馈意见
-这篇作文是市场调查反应的叙述，与前面学过的不同，没有特定是时期，也没有趋势的描写，重点在于数据比例的叙述。应注意语言的多样性和文章的条理。
Report on Market Survey about Service Provision of XX Centre
This report describes the distribution of positive and negative responses about service provision of XX centre given by 1250 respondents in a market survey
The graph shows that 700 out of the 1250 respondents gave positive comments on the parking facilities whereas 550 customers responded negatively.
The ticket cost, on the other hand, was the area where the complaints mainly concentrated. The negative comments reached a record level of 900, almost three times as many as the positive which was only 350.
Booking service received a similar number of both good and bad comments with the 22
positive outnumbering the negative by only 50.
The attitude of staff was the most satisfactory area by far with the highest customer satisfaction rate of 75% as well as the fewest negative responses of 300. To conclude, it is clear that the ticket cost should be reduced to a more competitive level. /Conclude 写的太简单/
Band 4 Sample
This bar chart shows the number of positive and negative responses given by customers in a market survey about services at a leisure centre.
Asked about the parking facilities at the leisure centre, 700 out of 1250 respondents responded positively, whereas 550 said something negative about it.
Looking at the ticket cost, there were almost three times as many people responding negatively than positively.
The booking service was equally evaluated. For this service, the survey counted 650 positive and 600 negative responses.
In contrast to the ticket costs, the attitude of staff was evaluated very positively. Only a fourth of the 1250 respondents complained about the attitude of staff while the remaining 950 people thought positively about the staff at the leisure centre. Summarizing the results of this survey you can say that there is need for improvement in the fields of ticket costs, booking service and parking.
NOTE：
1. 注意全篇叙述使用一般过去时。
2. 表示态度时，注意语言的多样性，可以从物的角度来说
XXX received XX positive responses and XX negative responses..
也可以从人的角度来说
XX people gave a positive response/comment on..
Asked about…., XX people responded positively/negatively whereas XX
people say sth negative.
XX of xx respondents complained about….while XX though it positively,
thought it to be satisfactory.
3. 表对比数据时的cohesion language: by contrast, in contrast to, conversely, While, whereas,
6. Survey----员工满意度
Report On the satisfaction rates of two leaders.
The overall result of the survey on employee‘s impressions shows significant differences between the two leaders.
Asked about leader A‘s performance, 97% of the respondents gave positive comments and among these are 30% thinking him to be very satisfied. By contrast, the satisfaction rate of leader B is much lower, with only 40% responding positively and 18% rating him as very satisfied.
Moreover, leader A also received much fewer negative responses. Only 3% of surveyed employees said something negative about him compared to 42% about leader
B.
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Looking at the percentage of employees‘ satisfaction, we can conclude that leader A is more respected among employees than leader B.
7. Survey---顾客投诉
Report on Changes in number of complaints
Introduction
This report summarizes the changes in the number of complaints concerning four types of products and services of XX company in the years 1996 and 2001.
Findings
1. The package holiday received around 15 complaints in 1996, the fewest of the
four. However, it was the sector where the number of complaints increased fastest, up 12.7% from 1996 to 2001. Over the same period, numbers of complaints about financial services also went up, but at a lower rate of 9.2%.
2. The second-hand cars were the most frequently complained sector, receiving
about 80 negative comments in 1996 wihle 85 in 2001, up 6.7% during the five years.
3. By comparison, clothing performed relatively satisfactorily, with the number of
complaints staying constantly under 50 during the given period. Moreover, it was also the only sector whose number of complaints declined in 2001, although by a slight 4%.
Conclusion and Recommendation
To conclude, the number of complaints generally showed an upward trend between 1996 and 2001, which indicates the company must improve the customer satisfaction level, especially in the second-car sector.
Part I Report 商务报告
1. 定义：商务报告主要针对某种商务目的，向某个个人或团体提供公正、客观和有计划的
事实陈述，报告中所陈述的事实必须与事件、进展、结果、问题或提议的解决方案有关，帮助对方了解复杂的商业情况、计划进程，从而解决问题，帮助相关人员就此做出决策。
2. 结构： 报告的结构一般包括事由、原因、解决方案和建议，最后进行简单的总结。
3. 种类：商务报告常见的种类有，可行性分析报告，工作具体情况分析，阶段工作总结，
进度汇报，产品分析，问题分析与解决方案等。
4. 注意： 一般应注意报告的目的，报告的对象，报告的素材，报告的结构与报告的写作
期限。写作原则：内容准确无误、简明扼要、结构清晰、建议明确果断。采用正式语体。
I．部门工作成绩报告；
一、概述；汇报工作情况时，应说明数据来源，详细说明通过那些措施达到了那些目标；说明存在的问题时，应结合工作情况，提出具体的针对性的问题，给予建议，并简要说明这样做的benefits, 要注意前后逻辑关系和层次。
二、黄金句总结
1. 写作目的：
(1)this report summarizes the performance of XX dept. over the period xx to and outlines future plans to make improvements.
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(2) This report aims to give a thorough description/detailed account of the work in xxx in April.
(3) This report sets out to bring you up to date on the work progress of …over the past year.
2. 数据来源
(1) the recent survey, conducted among … shows that…; the questionnaire sent to… showed that….
(2)a survey on performance of our department was carried out among…. And…. A few findings are developed in this following report.
(3)all the information are obtained from my daily records of the job.
(4)According to the update sales data and an analysis about it, we found….
3. achievements/sucess
(1) First of all, to start with positive points, it is reported that….
(2)in the last ..years, we are focusing on….., and to our delight, we‘ve achieved what we set out to do with good results./ we have achieved operational excellence.
(3)In the past xxx months, we have achieved excellence in terms of…
(4)we are pleased to report a record profit of…;
(5)especially pleasing was…..
(6)positive points
shows a positive team spirit,
receive excellent feedback from…
observe a rising demand for….and a marked increase in sales as a result of
sales results exceeded expectations./grew twice more that that of…/doubled that of deliver dynamic sales growth./ the sales forecasts were increased by…..
4. Problems/difficulties
(1)Unfortunately, some aspects appear to be less brilliant/satisfactory.
(2)Unfortunately, there are still weaknesses which could be improved. For instance…., moreover… they all complaint about…
(3)However, we also found some problems which can be boiled down to the following..
(4)Negative points
No clear strategy to encourage the employees to attend training course
Lack of motivation with our team. Don‘t work with gusto.
Lack of communication between xx and xx.
Product, packaging, advertisement. Etc.
5. Recommendations/plans:
(1)Finally I am confident that we can achieve improvement. Regarding…. I would recommend…., in terms of…, I suggest…
(2)In order to solve these problems and …., I propose that several measurements should be taken.
(3)our plans for the coming year is mainly to improve the above-mentioned points therefore, we will…, we will also…
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Exercise 1 Publicity
To: MD
Purpose: analyze your work in the publicity in April.
Details: Introducing the general situation in your department.
Telling the boss the problems you‘ve found
Giving your proposals to solve the issues.
Report On the work in April
Introduction
The report aims to give a thorough description of the work in the publicity in April. All the information and statistics are obtained from my daily records of the job. Findings:
1. We observe a rising demand for our products in April and a marked increase in sale on the whole as a result of a series of advertisements in the Medias and several sales promotion activities in several major cities. /Surprisingly, one of the advertisements got so popular that we can often hear many children singing the theme song of it.
/According to the update sales data and an analysis about it, we found that sales in three major cities grew significantly, about twice more than that of the same period of last year and doubled that of march. /需
2． ? some customers in the south are not accustomed to the new taste of the juice.
产品本身
? one of the advertisement is not very popular in northern part and investigations
found that audiences just can not understand it. 广告内容
? most children prefer the H-shaped bottle to the rectangular one. 包装
Recommendations:
To solve these problems and make our products more popular to increase sales at the current speed, I propose that several measurements should be taken,
? new taste should be added to the juice to attract customers in the south, and
advertisement should be followed.
? a thorough investigation should be made about customers in the north and a new
advertisement be put on.
? more H-shaped bottles should be manufactured to meet children‘s taste.
With all the above measures taken, I am sure we can keep the goo sales performance.
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Exercise 2 A new branch
Your company opened a new branch a year ago, and the managing director at Head Office has asked you to prepare a report on its progress.
Requirements: reasons for opening the branch.
Its successes.
Problems experienced
Plans for the coming year.
Report On the Work Progress of XX branch
Introduction:
This report sets out to bring you up to date on the work progress of London branch over the past year.
Achievements:
The Beijing branch was established at the beginning of 2011, aiming at boosting our brand and exploring new markets for our X-PAD series products. To our delight, in the past twelve months, we have achieved what we set out to do with excellent results. / Firstly, we are pleased to report a record regional profit of $200 million this year, twice as much as that of 2010 due to the establishment of the new branch. Moreover, according to the recent survey conducted among local customers, brand identity has been strengthened significantly as a result a series of successful promotional activities.
Problems:
However, we also found some problems which can be boiled down to the following Firstly, the soaring sales volume posed a great challenge to our existing logistic system. Many customers complained about the late delivery of goods.
Secondly, outlets here are too densely located in some high streets, having caused ill competition within our own shops.
Plans
Our plans for the next year are mainly to improve the above mentioned points. Firstly, I propose we carry out a certain level of extra stock to ensure prompt delivery during peak season. Secondly, some of the outlets need further
consolidation to save costs and avoid internal competition. Moreover, to sustain the momentum in sales, I am also considering sponsoring some influential sport events next year.(details see attachments pls.)
With the measures above, we are looking to make still further progress in the coming year.
Sample band 4
REPORT ON THE FIRST YEAR OF ACTIVITY OF OUR POLISH SUBSIDIARY It has been a year now since our new subsidiary called ―alpha‖ opened its doors in varsaw. Before pointing out its successes, the problems faced and the plans for the coming year, let me remind you the reasons for its opening.
REASONS FOR OPENING
In fact, there was only one main reason for choosing to settle down in poland: reducing labor cost rates. Indeed, our activity as cosmetics producers requires a lot 27
of staff, and labor costs are much cheaper in poland than in switzerland!
SUCCESSES
Knowing this aim, we decided to go on. We managed to build a brand new factory on time, and the line works! That was our greater success: being able to respect the opening date and to produce efficiently.
PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED
But, however, we met difficulties in two areas:
-- transportation: the roads‘ network in poland is not so good and time spent on transportation is higher than predicted
-- staff: we still have a lot to learn about staff‘s culture and expectations.
PLANS FOR THE COMING YEAR
Our plan for the coming year is manly to improve the above mentioned points (as production is running quite well). Therefore, we will study the opportunity of buying a few lorries (not to depend on others for delivery). We will also organise seminars for both local staff and overseas managers, to understand each other better.
Finally, I would like to take the opportunity of this report to invite the top management for a visit of alpha, whenever they want.
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II 活动反馈及建议
活动反馈及建议类的报告指公司参加某个活动(如行业会议、年会、培训等)后提交的关于该活动的总结；一般包括，活动概览(内容，地点、嘉宾etc)、参加此次活动的成果benefits(商业机会、经验等)、以及在此基础上给予的对于公司未来举办或参加类似活动的建议。
Sample 1. h4 test2 conference
You recently attend an annual conference related to your company‘s line of business. Your managing director has asked you to write a report on the conference and its usefulness to the company.
Requirements;
A brief overview of the conference content and speakers;
An assessment of the opportunities to make business contacts at the conference
Recommendations concerning the company‘s participation in the conference in future years.
Report on annual conference of IT industry
The annual conference of IT industry was held at crown plaza last Friday and this report sets out to provide a general account of the event and assesses the possible benefits we could exploit from it.
The conference this year focused on presenting the latest developments of IT technology. A bumper crop of innovations including data base management, HRM software, as well as secondary development kits were displayed together with detailed and interesting presentations given by representatives from different companies. Mr. Robby Ray, the chairman of national IT industry and Mrs. Hui Lee, vice president of Science and Technology ministry were invited and delivered the welcome and ending speeches.
In addition, this three-day event also included various networking activities such as drinking evening and informal workshops, which allowed participants to make useful business contacts on which they could build long-term relationship.
Generally speaking, it is very valuable experience for both individual and company. In view of its influence and high media coverage, I think it would be worthwhile to increase our involvement in it in the future through sponsorship or co-operating with the organizing committee, which, I believe, will raise the profile of our company significantly. Furthermore, due to the lack of previous experience of this kind of publicity, we didn‘t fully exploit this opportunity to promote our products this time. Thus, I also recommend we make a better preparation next time, for example, we could bring a number of demos of our software to distribute to prospective clients so that they can have a trial use of it, which would boost more sales.
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Sample 2 H2 Test 2 Training courses
You have recently attended the following one-day courses
Developing your potential
trends in electronic commerce; managing people; reducing costs
Your company‘s training manager has asked you to write a short report about the training.
Requirements:
Describing the two courses which you found most useful
Explaining how you benefited from them
Outlining the specific training courses you would like to attend next year.
Giving reasons why these courses would be useful to you.
Report on the training courses
Introduction
This report aims to evaluate the training courses I recently attended and gave useful feedback on training needs. Of the four coursed I attended, Developing your potential, Trends in Electronic Commerce, Managing People, and Reducing Costs, I found the last two are particularly useful. ?Managing People‘ was a one-day course focusing on management techniques and their successful implementation. It examined different management styles and their benefits and disadvantages. Reducing costs, on the other hand, gave a close look all aspects of an organization for possible cuts. As a purchase manager, I found both of these courses offered very practical advice that can be used right after I back to the office. For example, ?motivating people‘ is a key aspect of my current role, and the techniques I‘ve leant have helped me identify the ―right button‖ and get my team work much more smoothly than ever! ―reducing the cost‖ course was also very useful as our department are recently operating with a tight budget subject to the budget-control policy of company.
Next year, I would like to attend at least one of the following courses:
Effective Negotiations
Time Management
Communication – a key factor for success.
As all of these topics are closely related to my profession, I am sure that it would be to my and also company‘s benefit if I would attend these courses.
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III 活动成果汇报
与活动反馈类似，指公司完成某一项工作后，对此工作进行的总结，主要包括；1.overview；此项工作开展的背景、目的、工作的内容等；2. swot；成功之处和不足之处 3.benefits 公司取得的成果 4.对于未来举办类似活动的建议
sample 1 h3 test2 sponsorship
your company recently sponsored a national event for the first time and your manager has asked you to write a report on this.
Requirements; a brief description of the event
Which aspects of the event were particularly successful and why. Benefits to the company of sponsorship
What needs to be done before considering further sponsorship
Report on ?IT 2011
Introduction
This report aims to evaluate ?IT 2011--the fifth exhibition of IT technology we recently sponsored and present useful feedback for future sponsorship.
Overview of the event
The exhibition lasted for a week and aimed at presenting the latest innovations and breakthroughs in IT business. A bumper crop of new products were displayed accompanied by/complemented by detailed and vivid presentations given by representatives from different companies.
Success
By comparison, this year‘s exhibition distinguished itself by the unprecedented media coverage and number of participants. More than 300 companies, ranging from big multinationals to small companies focusing on niche markets, attended and 100-plus national media units gave intensive coverage, making the event extremely high profile. Vice president of Science and Technology ministry, Mr. Robby Ray were invited and delivered the opening speech, which was a further sign of its influence and importance.
Our benefits
As a golden sponsor, our company was offered a display stand and a chance to give a 15-minite speech in the opening ceremony. During the whole week, our staff has fully exploited every opportunity to promote the innovative ideas carried by our latest HRM software, successfully creating a buzz for the upcoming new product launch. A bonus would be a possible deal with ABC. Plc who expressed a deep interest in our software after trying them personally. We‘ve arranged a meeting next week for further discussion.
Recommendations to further sponsorship
On the whole, the sponsorship has achieved what we set out to do so it would be worthwhile to continue our investment in this event. However, as it‘s the first time we tried this type of publicity, pre-preparation proved quite inadequate, for example, we didn‘t take any demos to distribute to perspective clients. Consequently, I recommend we set up a sounder time frame for preparation before we take part in the exhibition next time.
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Band 5 范文
The aim of this report is to give an overview of the event our company decided to sponsor and present the benefits and the pitfalls/意想不到的困难/.
Introduction to the event
'Computer 2003' was the fifth edition of an annual event held in Lausanne (Switzerland). Its goal is to present and promote the innovations in the IT field. Its success
Designed to inform professionals, the event also reached the interest of the public. During the whole week, the guests took park very actively in the meetings, thereby demonstrating a huge and shared interest, and the public was nothing if not captivated by the demonstrations and shows.
Unfortunately, the opening hours were relatively restrictive and it was therefore really difficult for the visitors to see everything.
The place of our company
As a widely recognized training services provider, we were offered in return of our sponsorship a place to promote our books and training programmes, complemented by advertising areas.
We therefore have been able to reach many potential customers as well as other companies interested in consolidating their staff's knowledge.
In conclusion and for the future
Our company was really well exposed and reached many new potential clients. There is no doubt that our future sales will benefit from the numerous contacts our staff made, and the return on investment is therefore undoubtedly really good and worth our sponsorship.
We should consider this type of action more often. But, as our staff is not used to this type of publicity, we should consider a special training in providing the company and its service before doing this type of action again.
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sample 2 h3 test4 advertising campaign
this year your company has used an advertising agency to promote your products or services. Your boss has asked you to write a report about the campaign which the agency arranged.
Requirements;
Outlining what the advertising campaign consisted of.
Indicate what you feel the strengths and weaknesses of the campaign were.
Explaining how successful you feel the advertising has been.
Suggesting ideas for future advertising
Report on advertising campaign
Introduction
This report sets out to give an overview of advertising campaign we recently initiated through Wonders advertising agency and present benefits and pitfalls.
Overview of the campaign
As a provider of training services, we mainly target at school students and office workers who want to improve their employability. Thus, the agency recommended a portfolio of advertising aiming at impressing these potential clients. This comprised an intensive advertising on influential websites--face book and topsaga.com and versus advertising through e-mail.
SWOT analysis
After thorough analysis, we finally accepted their proposal since it impressed us for the following reasons: Firstly, the overall cost is far more less than that of other media, approx..1/10 of a TV commercial and 1/4 of a radio campaign. Secondly, it is effectively directed at our target customers as most of them are frequent users of internet as well as our selected websites. Although there are some obvious weaknesses such as its inefficiency to gain fast brand appeal, which the TV commercial often help, the benefits far outweigh the disadvantages on the whole. Success
So far, the advertising campaign has achieved what we set out to do with excellent results. Enquiries increased by 30% in the first three months and brand identity gets strengthened significantly. All of these have been reflected by a sharp rise of 80% in the number of trainees.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Needless to say we will see an upbeat statement at the end of year. However, I think we could build on the success to make still further progress by complementing the
campaign by intensive promotion activities such as coupons, loyalty scheme and so on. ------------------------------------------274words
[Our company, Fish-pro Ltd, carried out an advertising campaign in summer 2004 in cooperation with advertising agency RGS Ltd.Aim of this report is to evaluate how successfully the campaign was carried out and also to assess main points which need to be taken into account when organizing summer 2005 campaign.]
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IV 可行性分析
可行性分析一般指公司将要做某件事情，需要你分析这样做是否可行并给出怎样着手进行的建议。可行性分析一般都是在充分调查、收集数据、分析数据的基础上得出结论的。所以写作时需要有理有据，分析细致、全面。结论要与分析一致。
Sample 1 H3 test 1 市场分析
your company would like to break into new overseas market with your new range of sports goods. You have been asked by the managing director to investigate ways to doing this.
Requirements
How you carried out your research into the market
The existing competition
Your target customers
Ways of promoting the products in the new market.
Report On Potential Market in City of Beijing
Introduction
This report set out to evaluate an oversea market which we are planning to break into and offer proper recommendations for expansion.
Basis of the findings
In order to have a thorough understanding of the target market, we have conducted a survey in collaboration with a local accredited research agency. Information was gathered through questionnaires randomly sent to more than 1000 people of different age ranges and field tours to high streets and outlets and premises. A few findings are developed as follows.
Existing competition
According to the survey, there are three major brands competing for a similar group of customers with us. They are Addias, Rebeek and X-sports, among which Addias takes the largest market share(15%) followed by Rebeek(10%) and X-sports(8%). They provide a wide range of sports goods with the pricing ranging from 300 to 1500RMB, targeting at ammeter players.
Target customers
Competition seems stiff but we will still get a chance to succeed there if we could focus on the niche market of professional athletes. Survey found that those people pursue higher quality and reliability, which our new product range would certainly provide, and more important is, they are often more willing to pay a premium for an upscale product.
Ways of promoting the product in new market
As a political center, Beijing frequently holds all kinds of sports events, some of which are quite popular and influential. Thus, the first choice to consider should be sponsoring some of these events, for example, offering sportswear and instruments to participants. And this should be complemented by intensive TV advertising and endorsement of famous sport stars of China. These measures will help us strengthen brand identity and gain fast appeal to customers.
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Sample 2 H3 test 3 new site
you work for a supermarket chain and have been asked by the board of directors to write a report on a site where the company is considering building a new supermarket. Requirements
A description of the site, including its location
The advantages and disadvantages of the site
Your opinion as to whether the site is suitable.
Report On Wakefield
Introduction:
This report sets out to evaluate the suitability of Wakefield as the site for our new supermarkets. All the analysis here below is based on the thorough research we conducted recently.
Overview
Wakefield is located in the largest business park in the centre of the city, surrounded by a number of shops and hotels. It allows for a large parking space and offers a number of leisure facilities.
SWOT analysis
Wakefield has a long history of being chosen as a site for opening outlets, and it particularly impressed us for the following reasons: Firstly, it is perfectly placed for road and rail networks, just 10 minutes walk to the grand station, which is convenient for both the customers and employees. A further attraction is the ready availability of a skilled workforce. There are more than 233,000 people available for work within an hour‘s journey and an enormous catchment population of 20 million within two hours‘ travel. However, there are also some less satisfactory aspects. Since it is a prime site, the land price could be sky-high. Our survey shows that overall cost for a is approx.5% higher than that of sites in other business centres. This means we have to absorb this extra expenditure by higher sales volume. In addition, the competition is stiff as there have been enormous supermarkets and shopping malls, who will be competing for the same customers with us.
Conclusion and recommendation
Based on the findings above, I have to urge caution in building our new supermarket in Wakefield since it would involve a large sum of investment with uncertain profitability. Thus, I recommend we examine our accounts carefully before making the final decision.
Band 4 SAMPLE
The aim of this report is to decide the consideration of building a new supermarket. Description
At first I'll make a short description of the site. The location of the planed supermarket is very close to the city centre and surrounded by a lot of smaller shops. Concerning the infrastructure it is very well located because it can be reached by nearly all means of transport.
Advantages
As I already mentioned, the infrastructure is very good and you have good connections of public means of transport. Another positive aspect for building the 35
supermarket is the competition. Our supermarket can offer much cheaper prices than all the surrounding little shops so we are very competitive.
Disadvantages
The first thing I want to put forward is that it is very cost intensive to set up a new supermarket in this area because the land prices are very high. The second disadvantage which I want to point out is that there is not enough space for parking and might be very expensive to build a garage under the building.
Personal opinion
To summarise, it is a very expensive location with less space for building a parking area but you have good chances for getting a high profit in the long term. Although there are a lot of smaller shops nearby the supermarket, there is no doubt in being the most competitive! Finally I think that this will be a very profitable location for building a new supermarket.
Sample 3 H2test 2 venue 40 min
The sales manager in your company is looking for a venue where he can hold a three-day conference, you have recently attended a conference at the Marston conference centre and the sales manager has asked you to prepare a report on the suitability of the centre for his conference.
Requirements:
Describing your experiences of the venue when you attended the conference there. Assessing the positive and negative aspects of the venue.
Making a recommendation as to its suitability for your company‘s conference
Report on suitability of Marston
Introduction
This report sets out to evaluate the suitability of Marston conference centre as the venue of the three-day conference of our company. 1句
Previous experience
I attended the annual conference of IT industry last week which was held at this location and it was very pleasant experience for me. The staff of the centre was well-trained and high-professional and the conference room was neat and spacious with an accommodation capacity of 1000 seats and basic conference facilities such as OHP, microphones and computers. 3句 2个点
Advantages:
As I‘ve said, the staff delivered high quality service and the room is well equipped. But particularly impressed is the large parking space, which can accommodate 300 cars simultaneously. In addition, the transportation is convenient since the hotel is well located for road and rail links. Finally, there is a hotel just next to the centre which can offer approx.170 well-equipped single rooms. 3个点
Disadvantages
However, there are some less satisfactory aspects. Firstly, as Marston is one of the most famous conference centre, high fee will be charged for using the room and service, 5% higher on average than the going rate according to our survey. Moreover, they don‘t provide mobile stage in conference room. 2句，两个点
Conclusion and Recommendation
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To summarize, this place would be a good choice to hold the conference. Although the cost is relatively higher, the luxury it provides can well reflect the image of our company as a leader in our line of business. 2句，2个点
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Band 4 sample
This report aims to describe the Marston Conference Center and to make a recommendation as to its suitability for the upcoming three-day conference for sales staff. The information and recommendation are based on the experience I had as participant at the marketing conference held there two weeks ago. Here is a brief outline of the points I believe ought to be considered:
Location: the conference center is not far from the highway and also easy to reach by public transport (trains to the village run every hour) and the center‘s shuttle service.
Accomodation: A hotel next to the center offers approximately 170 well-equipped single rooms. There are, however, no other hotels in the immediate neighborhood of the center.
Conference Rooms: the center features twelve rooms of various sizes (10-1200 persons), all of them equipped to the latest standards of conference technology. Only three of them are equipped with a mobile stage, however.
Food: A restaurant and a bar at the conference center cater to the participants‘ needs, serving delicious food at reasonable prices. The restaurant is open from 11:00 a.m. until 11:00 p.m., the bar usually closes at about 2:00 a.m. Service is well-organized and speedy.
Staff at the center: staff at the center is very well-trained, highly professional, helpful and friendly and available 24 hours a day.
Surroundings: the center is surrounded by a large park with ponds, benches and the like – an ideal place for socializing in breaks.
I would highly recommend holding the conference at the Marston Conference Center.
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V 改进型报告
改进型分析指在对现状进行充分分析的基础上，提出针对某项工作的改进措施。一般包括对现状的基本描述，分析目前工作的优缺点，最后针对不足之处提出建议。其中分析和建议的部分是重点，应给予同等笔墨。现状分析可简单概括。
Sample 1 H4 test 3 training----40min
The managing director of the company you work for has decided to review training in the company. You have been asked to submit a report about the training provided. Requirement: summarize the content of the current training.
Describing the strengths of the training provided
Explaining the weaknesses of the training provided
Suggesting how the company‘s training could be improved
Report On Training Programs
Introduction
This report sets out to review the training programs we are currently organizing and make proper recommendations for improvements. 1句
Overview of current programs
In response to the company‘s recent strategy to expand into new markets, we are providing training courses on basic business skills such as marketing, strategic planning and staff management. The program consists of 12 one-day courses on each Saturday at the conference room. 2点，2句
Strengths
All the training courses were carefully designed, taking both long-term objective of the company and short term needs of staff into account. Particularly distinguished is the real life case studies accompanied by role play in the analysis of long-ago triumphs and disasters from relevant industries and organizations, which offers invaluable insights to successful running of business. 2点， 2句.
Weaknesses
However, some aspects proved to be less satisfactory. For example, many staff complained about having to sacrifice their weekends. Moreover, the trainers are selected from our existing senior managers, who tend to be too set in their ways of thinking. 2点，2句。
Recommendation
Thus, I recommend we make the following changes to improve the training:
Firstly, we could shift the one-day course on weekend into five one-hour courses from Monday to Friday. Secondly, we could invite a mix of high-qualified academics, senior managers and consultants as trainers. With the measures above, I believe, the training courses will be more welcome by our staff and eye-opening.
-----------------------225---------------------
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Sample 2 H3 1 Proposal internal communications
Your managing director is considering how to improve the company‘s internal communications, and has asked you to write a short proposal giving your views on communication within your department.
R: Describing how communication currently takes place within your department Pointing out the weaknesses of the present situation
Recommending one or two improvements that should be made
Proposal On Internal Communication
Introduction
This proposal aims at giving proper recommendations on internal communication of our company based on the analysis of the situation in HR. department.
Findings:
Our department consists of ten team members including one team leader. The daily communications mainly depends on e-mail and face to face talk. Regular meetings are held on weekly basis when the whole team sit together to discuss recently-experienced problems as well as steps to be taken. In addition, all the team members are required to submit a report to the line manager every month, bringing him up to date on work progresses.
Basically, the current communication system goes smoothly within our department. However, there are still some aspects that need urgent improvements.
Firstly, as we can see, the whole communication line is a single-way, top-down mechanism that doesn‘t allow employees to express their wishes and complaints. For example, when they find their department head inefficient and incompetent, there is no way to express the dissatisfaction. Secondly, team members are not well informed of any change the top brass has made. Many of them have complained they are always the last one being told what was happening, leading to deep frustration of being outsiders.
Recommendations:
After closely assessing the situation, it is recommended to take the following steps in order to improve the internal communications.
Firstly, I recommend we establish a feedback and complaining system to collect opinions from all levels of employees about their work, for example, an ―our voice ‖ column on the company newsletter, or a subordinate appraisal system which allows employees to have a say about the performance of their managers. Moreover, to improve internal information equality, an intranet needs to be introduced to deliver the latest news timely, thus avoid misunderstanding and misinterpretation about company‘s new policies.
-------------------300--------------------------------------------------------------
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Sample 3 WEBSITE
Your managing director has decided that the company‘s website should be improved and has asked you to consider ways of going about this.
R: A proposal for MD
Summarizing the strengths and weaknesses of the current website
Suggesting new services and information to be provided through the website Explaining the benefits of the improvements would bring
Proposal On Website Improvement
Introduction
This proposal aims to evaluate the current website of our company and offer recommendations for improvements.
SWOT analysis
Strengths:
The current website consists of four sections which are ―ABOUT US‖, ―PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS‖, ―NEWS‖ and ―CONTACT US‖. Basically, it has well achieved the purpose of presenting information. The contents are inclusive and well-organized under each column, giving visitors a clear idea about our company when they enter. Weaknesses
However, some aspects seem less satisfactory: Firstly, the contents are very rigid and traditional, including only lengthy introductions and passages. Lack of pictures and movies makes the website nothing more like a brochure. Secondly, there is no way to interact with visitors. All these make the website a dull and unglamorous one. Recommendations and would-be benefits
To make our website more attractive, it is recommended to make the following changes: Firstly, we should add pictures, movies, flashes to complement the literature. This will make the pages look vivid and interesting, thus getting the visitors stay around longer. Secondly, a two-way communication column such as ―message board‖ need to be added so that visitors could express their opinions and make enquires online. In addition, offering on-line purchase facilities would also be a good idea to cater to the trend of online purchasing, which, I believe, will increase our sales volume remarkably. In conclusion, the measurements above are estimated to increase the number of visitors by 30% and present an up-to-date and dynamic image of our company.
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VI 解决问题型报告
指最近公司某个方面出现了问题，要求你通过分析找出问题症结所在，并在此基础上给出解决办法。一般包括对现状的概括或评述，以及对问题原因，给出建议后附上对建议的评价：可能的收益,可能起到的效果,或可能存在的缺陷。
1. beginning：
（1） this report aims at examining the key reasons why…./for…and give useful
recommendations to
（2） …
2. causes:
(1) There are … main factors contributing to such…; Firstly…, Secondly….,
often mentioned was….; Thirdly, it came to our attention that…/we also
noticed that….
(2) As all of us are aware the main reason for this sharp collapse can be found
in two different problems:
3. Recommendation
(1) After closely assessing the situation, it is recommended to take the following steps in order to….; Firstly, we‘ll need to…; Secondly, …needs to be done… so that…, we should also…; Finally, would also make the desired difference.
Sample 1 H3 4 P. Low morale
The chief executive of your company is concerned that staff morale seems to have deteriorated and has invited suggestions for making improvements
R. Suggesting why morale is low
Outlining the effects of low morale
Proposing some ways of improving morale
Indicating any disadvantages of your proposal
Proposal on Low Morale
Introduction
This proposal sets out to examine the reasons for low morale and make suggestions for further improvement. All the findings are based on the analysis of the survey we recently conducted among staff.
Reasons:
According the results of the survey, there are two main factors contributing to this situation. Firstly, many staff complained that the salary they get is far from adequate in view of the heavy work load, which was significantly increased this year due to the expansion into new markets. Another often mentioned factor was the lack of a clear career path due to the inefficient, rubber-stamp appraisal system. Effects.
The low morale has manifested itself in many aspects. Staff turnover is 15% higher than that of last year while the sick leave days and accident rate shot up by 75% and 30% respectively year on year. All of these have contributed to a significant financial loss.
Recommendations and possible disadvantages
After closely assessing the situation, it is recommended to make the following 41
changes. Firstly, we could raise the salary by adding a floating element, for example, a piece work salary. This will offer direct incentive to staff so that they can gain more by working harder. However, I am quite concerned about the ―quantity over quality‖ effect it may have. Moreover, a more appropriate appraisal system needs to be introduced to replace the current inefficient one so that we can identify those who have achieved best performance and offer fast track promotion for them. Nevertheless, this is a complex job so several months may be taken before any tangible benefits to be seen.
Band 4 Test
Introduction:
This proposal aims at showing why staff morale has deteriorated and suggests ways of improving the current situation.
Findings:
Apart from most superiors' opinion that their subordinates are not happy with their job and have developed a low moral towards it due to unsatisfactory salaries and not enough fringe benefits, a survey among the workforce has shown that the real reasons for this problem are to be found elsewhere. Many of the employees mentioned their fixed working hours and yet constantly changing amounts of incoming orders, which - as they claim – leads to boredom at work on some days and pure stress on others. But even more staff members have complaint about constant organizational changes without ever getting the information of what exactly will change beforehand.
The effects can be noticed in every department of the company. Superiors and department directors say that their subordinates are not willing to do any extra work and are absolutely not open for any changes.
Recommendations:
It is suggested that the first step towards a better work atmosphere is the introduction of flexi time. That way the employees can leave earlier when there isn't much work to do and stay longer when the amount of work rises. The problem of organizational changes should be tackled in three different ways. First of all superiors are to be encouraged to pass more information on to the workforce, secondly the employees should become more involved in the decision making process and at last there should be annual feedbacks by the employees about their superiors. The downside of these actions is that they are quite time consuming and this of course leads to more costs but on the other hand there will be less fluctuation.
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Sample 2 H4 4 SALES
Sales of your company‘s products have been very low for the past six months. You have been asked to prepare a report on why this has happened.
Requirement
Detailing the product‘s recent sales pattern
Describing factors that may have contributed to this
Suggesting what can be done to improve the situation
Report On Flat Sales
Introduction
This report sets out to examine the reasons for the flat sales for the past six months and make suggestions to reverse the situation.
Recent sales pattern
Actually, we had a very good start this year, achieving a profit of $30,000 for the first quarter. However, sales fell sharply in April and continued the downward trend through the second and third quarter.
Reasons
In order to find out why this has happened, we conducted a thorough marketing research and found that there were two main factors contributing to this situation. Firstly, our biggest rival Mc. opened two outlets in our catchment area during April. The grand opening of these outlets was accompanied by intensive promotion activities, poaching a significant proportion of our customers. Secondly, the new range of our garment met strong customer-resistance. Designing Dept. suggested this might be a novelty effect, but anyway, the new range alienated old customers and failed to attract new ones.
Recommendations
To reverse the fall, it would be recommended to take the following steps.
Firstly, in view of the activities of our competitors, we definitely need more investment in advertising to regain our popularity. I have contacted a number of professional advertising agencies who can formulate tailor-made advertising campaign for us. (details see attachment ). Secondly, the new range might need more exposure to make our customers get used to it. Thus, I recommend we hold a high-profile fashion show and invite the designers to introduce their designing concept to the buying public.
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Sample 3 H3 2 Proposal FALLING EXPORT SALES
Your company‘s export sales have been falling and the Sales manager has asked you to consider ways of improving them
R: giving reasons for the decline in the company‘s export sales
Suggesting ways of improving export sales
Outlining the additional resources that would be required
Proposal on Falling Exporting Sales
Introduction
This proposal sets out to examine the reasons for falling export sales during the first half of year.
Analysis of reasons
After a thorough analysis of the sales data and market conditions, it is found that there are two main factors contributing to this situation. Firstly, the overall global trading environment has become increasingly harsh as the US dollar depreciated by nearly 2 points. To ensure we could still make a profit, we raised the price by 15%, leading to a massive drain of customers. Secondly, as we authorized more than one agents for one area, resellers undercut each other and compete for customers with inappropriate measures, which has a very bad impact on our brands.
Ways to improve
In order to reverse the fall, I recommend the following steps be taken.
Firstly, I think we should respond to the strong currency by improving our productivity rather than simply raising the price. Moreover, we should disqualify agents who have been reported to involve in ill-competition. And I also recommend we reduce the number of authorized agents or choose one best reseller as solely authorized agent to avoid internal competition.
Resources needed
To implement the above measures, the company has to invest more in upgrading current machinery and floor-workers training. In addition, the whole process need full collaboration of sales department and production department, so a proper interdepartmental communication mechanism needs to be introduced.
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Objective: Export sales decline analysis
Introduction:
the aim of this report is to bring to management attention the causes of the dramatic sales decline over the last 3 quarters.
Findings:
As all of us are aware the main reason for this sharp collapse can be found in two different problems: the first, the devaluation of US dollar; the second an inefficient sales force and, in particular an incompetent export manager incapable of motivating the staff. While the first issue can be addressed with a more accurate analysis of the prices of our products while the second will require a swift management decision in order to restructure the sales team.
Recommendation and Conclusion:
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In order to address the first issue, it is mandatory that management delegates more power to the CFO in order to adjust our prices to the new exchange rate on a regular basis. On the organization side, management will be required to appoint a new export manager with more initiative and motivated to rebuild the entire staff.
Of course all this will require an additional investment of resources and some quarters of negative sales. In particular recruiting a new export manager will require an accurate selection process and an integration plan of a couple of months before tangible results can be seen. However I'm confident that the change will be extremely beneficial in energizing a very demotivated sales force.
Sample 4 H3 3 P. Advertising and falling sales
Your company has recently experienced a drop in sales, and your Managing director has asked you to write a report about improving the advertising of your company‘s products or services.
R: commenting on the effectiveness of the advertising you are currently using Recommending one or two changes to your advertising
Explaining how these changes will affect sales.
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to analyze the recent drop in sales in one of our oversea branches and then to propose feasible ways to promote the sales there.
Findings
It is found that our new-launched product - chocolate pie enjoyed a favorable market at the beginning of the campaign. However, the sales began to decline recently according to the figures presented by Sale Department. It is said that there are several factors causing the current situation but the main reason is the failure in the advertising we are currently using. At first the advertising did work, the jingle is easy to remember and the stereotype we focused is funny, therefore, it was popular with local residents. However, as time goes by, the passion for it has gone. The survey shows that people began to feel it was over exaggerated and even a little bit annoying. And this leads directly to the resistance of our product.
Recommendations
We strongly recommend that we should cancel all the present TV commercials and launch a new one. And this time we should make it compatible with local taste so as to generate sales and more importantly to improve our company's image in the local market. If possible we can also invite some local stars to endorse our product which may change their negative attitude on the previous advertisement.
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Sample5 complaints about impression
Following complaints from visitors, your chief executive has asked you to write a proposal suggesting how visitors can be given a better impression of your organization.
A proposal
R why complaints have been made
Different ways of creating a better impression
How your proposal might affect staff
Any disadvantages of your proposal
Band 4 SAMPLE
Proposal on how to deal with visitor complaints
Introduction
This proposal examines the reasons for rising visitor complaints recently and offer recommendations to improve the company‘s image.
Findings:
Over the last three months we have received several complaints from people visiting our company. And the complaints mainly concentrating on the following two aspects. First, there were complaints about the friendliness of our employees who welcome our visitors and show them our production facilities. They were reported to be inattentive and impatient to answer questions.
Secondly, no information pack or brochures available so the visitors could do nothing but got confused by different specifications and technical terms.
Recommendations
Therefore, it is recommended to design information packages for our visitors including details and figures on our production facilities and giving a general overview about the history of our company. Additionally it is suggested to talk to our staff dealing with the visitors and assess if a training course on how to deal with visitors is necessary. These measures will undoubtedly improve the impression of our company on visitors but it requires a sum of investment on producing the brochures and staff training.
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Sample 6 bad publicity
Your organization has recently had some bud publicity, and the chief executive has asked you to propose ways to improve the organization‘s public image.
R what the bad publicity is
What problems it presents for your organization(由此导致的问题)
Ideas for improving the organization‘s image
Any possible disadvantage of these ideas.
Band 5 Sample
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to examine how we could enhance our company's reputation. The proposal will also include a description of the current situation and the disadvantages of the improvements recommended.
Description of the bad publicity
Unfortunately, a whistle-blower recently provided the local newspaper with information about the production of our newest product. They accused our organization of using chemical ingredients which could damage the health of our clients.
Presented problems
Now we have to face the problem that we could lose the trust of our customers. Consequently, we could have a sharp decrease in sales and profits.
Improvements
It is recommended that we approach the problem by hiring some external specialists, who will prove that our products are completely free of any unhealthy chemicals. Furthermore, it is suggested that we launch a new advertising campaign which should include our current studies.
Disadvantages
All these improvements will certainly cost a huge amount of money, and it is advisable that we don't waste any time and set up the new adverts as soon as possible. Conclusion
To sum up, it is recommended that we use adverts and studies to improve our company's public image and to keep our market share in the retail market.
.
NOTE: Present vt 引起(问题),造成(困难)[(+to/with, for)]
All this presented new safety problems.
所有这些都造成了新的安全问题
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VII 其他
1. 人事调遣建议
A member of your section wants permission to take a course which will mean he or she will be absent form work for a long period of time. Write a proposal to your line manager recommending that the person be allowed to take the course.
R. A brief description of the course contents
Why this particular person should be allowed to do the course.
How the course will be of benefit to the company
How any problems caused by the employee‘s absence will be overcome
Band 5 Sample
To: The Head of Human Resources
Subject: The permission to the Business English
Course
BACKGROUND
One of the employees of my section, Mr Dowbor, has found an offer of a 3-month Business English Course in London and he is asking for permission to go there. The course starts on 1st January 2007. Obviously, Mr Dowbor will be absent from work during this time.
THE COURSE CONTENTS
The participants of the course will get an opportunity to learn a wide range of business related vocabulary and be taught how to deal with business correspondences professionally. What is more, several lectures and workshops concerning new business methods are included in the contents of the course. SKILLED EMPLOYEES AS A FACTOR OF DEVELOPMENT
Mr Dowbor is a young employee, but he has already proved to be very determined and to have outstanding interpersonal skills. He has been working for us for two years. At present we do not have employees with a knowledge of business English in our company. An employee with such skills will give us a chance to develop our contacts with foreign customers and suppliers.
PROBLEMS TO BE OVERCOME
Mr Dowbor will be absent from work for 3 months. The way to solve this problem can be employing someone as a replacement for this period. We are looking for people in other sections in the company, so if the person is good at his job, we can transfer him to another section later.
Please, be prepared to give feedback on this proposal at the meeting next Tuesday.
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2. NEW IDEA EVALUATE
You feel that your company‘s main product or service would benefit from better publicity. The directors have asked you to write a proposal putting forward your ideas.
R mentioning the product or services concerned.
Stating the shortcomings of the current advertising
Outlining how your competitors publicize their products or services
Suggesting a different approval to advertising.
Sample band 3
Proposal for a new marketing campaign
Introduction
The purpose of this proposal is to recommend some changes our advertising campaign concerning our mobile phones for business use. Our market share in this sector has slightly fallen, despite of our technological leadership in constructing such devices.
Findings
We are advertising our high end model by the same media as our other products. However, our target group is business executives. Therefore it would be advisable to place our advertisements in the Financial Times. We should also think about advertising in some business journals.
We should change some aspects of our advertisements. It would be a good idea to have pictures with people in business related situations, for example in meetings or in the business lounge at the airport. We should also focus on some key facts which are important for business executives. We should mention that we implemented every standard of mobile communication and that our phones can be used everywhere in the world. Our competitors always state the weight of their phones and the quality of their energy units. We should make clear that our phones are superior even concerning these aspects. And of course our design is more sophisticated.
Conclusion
To sum up, we should make some changes where we advertise and also the content of our advertisements.
Recommendations
We strongly recommend to implement the above measurements in due course.
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