题目要求

假设你是王颖，是北京青年旅行社股份有限公司(Beijing Youth Travel Service Co., Ltd.)的一

名英语导游，1月1日要带一批来自美国的游客旅游观光。请根据下表提供的信息写一篇英

语导游词。

注意：1.词数：100左右；

2．文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to Beijing. I’m Wang Ying. And I’

Finally, I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.

第一步：细审题、三确定

1．确定体裁：本文为__________。

2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第____、____人称。

3．确定时态：介绍北京的情况主要用____________，介绍将要进行的活动用____________。

第二步：拟要点、列提纲

北京概况：①

② ③

?上午?② ???③ 旅游活动安排?

① ?下午????② ①

第三步：依提纲、准翻译

1

北京的情况：

要点一：北京历史悠久，旅游资源丰富。

要点二：举办了20xx年奥运会。

要点三：北京的面貌焕然一新。

旅游活动安排：

要点四：早上七点在红星宾馆门口集合。

要点五：我们先乘公共汽车去参观天安门然后是紫禁城。

要点六：紫禁城是中国最大的和最完整的皇宫。

要点七：下午2：00乘公共汽车参观长城。

要点八：长城作为世界上最长的人工建筑而出名。

第四步：句升级、求靓丽

句式升级一：用because of把要点二和要点三连接起来

句式升级二：用which引导的定语把要点五和要点六连接起来，并修饰the Forbidden City

句式升级三：用which引导非限制性定语从句修饰the Great Wall，并把要点七和要点八

连接起来

2

第五步：巧衔接、顺成文

Ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to Beijing. I’m Wang Ying. And I’m more than glad to be your Finally, I sincerely hope every one of you will enjoy yourself here.

推荐模板

Ladies and gentlemen， 问候语)．I feel it a great honour to be your guide here. First of all, on Located in ________， the ________ is now the symbol of the city. Built in ________

and opened to the public in ________， the ________ is now the highest building in

________ and the third highest in Asia. The ________ has a quite unique structure and it

consists of ________.Inside the building, you can have a bird’s eye view of the ________.

Finally please do remember to ________ to enjoy your lunch. Thanks for

________.________ (祝愿语)

增分佳句

1．First of all, please allow me to introduce myself to you.

首先，请允许我向你们作自我介绍。

2．I feel it a great honor to be your tour guide today.

今天我觉得能成为你们的导游是莫大的荣幸。

3．Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province.

青岛位于山东省的东部。

4．It is known for its beautiful lake — the West Lake.

它因美丽西湖而闻名。

5．It was built in/dates back to Tang Dynasty, so it has a long history.

它建于唐朝，因此历史悠久。

6．Great changes have taken place here in recent years.

近几年这里发生了巨大变化。

7．Shandong is rich/abundant in tourist attractions.

山东旅游资源丰富。

8．The Water Cube is well worth visiting.

水立方很值得参观。

9．It is very convenient in transportation.

这里交通便利。

10．Wish you have a good time and enjoy yourself.

祝你们玩得愉快。

3

第二篇：必修5 unit2

Module 5 Unit 2 New words and expressions

Words: debate, lay, approach, figure, production, beneficial, responsibility, effective, willing, state, shock, disappoint, shame, arrival, limited, decrease, equipment, measure, raise, concern, importance, advise, endanger, remain, effort, appreciate

Expressions: cut back on, run out of, It is obvious that…, wipe out, in addition, open the floor, What if, take…into consideration, provide something. for somebody., be stocked with, pick out, on doing something, in the form of, be likely to do something, rely on, result in, lead to, under way, focus on, it is illegal to do something, prohibit somebody from doing something, solution to something

Part 1 Words from page 22 to 25

根据所给释义写出本单元出现的词

1. _______ formal discussion at a public meeting

2. _______ produce eggs; put in a certain position

3. _______ come near to; get close to

4. _______ having good effect; helpful

5. _______ process of producing

6. _______ being responsible; duty

7. _______ having an effect

8. _______ ready to help

9. _______ symbol for a number

答案解析

1. debate

debate既可用作名词，又可用作动词，意为“辩论，争辩，争论”。用作名词时有如下用法： After a long debate David was chosen captain of our school football team.

The proposal under debate was put forward by our monitor.

用作动词时，过去式和过去分词分别是debated，debated；现在分词为debating。常构成短语debate about sth. with sb. 意为“与某人争论某事”等。举例如下：

What are they debating about?

They were debating whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside for their holidays? Before we make a final decision, we must debate the question with the rest of the members.

We debated for more than an hour on the advantages and disadvantages of that plan to protect our environment.

名词debater的意思是辩论者

2. lay

lay在本单元是用作动词，意思有“产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放”等。其过去式、过去分词分别为laid，laid， 现在分词是laying。lay的主要用法有：

How many eggs does the hen lay each week?

New laid eggs, one dollar each dozen.

She laid her hand on my shoulder.

Please lay down your pens and just listen to me carefully.

I carefully laid my new jacket on the bed.

Then both sides started laying the blame on each other.

Why don’t you lay that problem aside for a while and think about it later?

He was willing to lay down his life for his country.

lay构成的词组很多，请说出下面句子中这些词组的意思：

a. 放重点在??上 b. 摆设餐具

c. 归罪于d. 暂时解雇 e. 储蓄

(1) Please lay the table for dinner.

(2) The couple laid aside some money for their old age.

(3) The president laid great emphasis on would peace.

(4) Don’t lay all the blame for the accident on me.

(5) Some workers were laid off because of a shortage of materials.

Keys: b e a c d

注意lay与lie的区别。lie 有两种意思，一是“说谎”，过去式、过去分词分别为lied，lied；现在分词是lying；二是“位于，躺”，过去式、过去分词分别为lay，lain；现在分词是lying。请根据句子意思，用lay或lie的正确形式填空。

(1) Please _______ the book where it _______.

(2) The little boy _______ that he _______ the egg _______ by the hen _______ under the tree in the box.

Keys: (1) lay, lay (2) lied, had laid, laid, lying

3. approach

approach既可用作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，意为“接近，靠近”，分别可指距离上、时间上，或某种状态上的接近。如：

The little boy approached the mouse quietly and watched it.

As summer approached, the weather became hotter and hotter.

His work is approaching perfection.

He is rather difficult to approach. ＝It’s not easy to get on friendly terms with him.

approach也可用作名词，指“接近，渐近”或“（人）易、难亲近”。如：

The birds flew away in all directions at my approach.

The approach of the examination made him nervous.

My class teacher is easy of approach.

4. beneficial

beneficial是形容词，意为“有益的，有利的，有帮助的”，是正式用语。常构成短语“be beneficial to ?”，意为“对??有帮助的”，如：

Enough sleep, good food and some exercise are beneficial to the health.

I hope this holiday will be beneficial for my husband, who is under high pressure of work.

beneficial的名词和动词都是benefit。作为名词时，意为“利益，帮助，恩惠，益处”，常构成短语be of benefit to，意为“对??有裨益”；以及for the benefit of，意为“为了??的利用”，用法如下：

I got a lot of benefit from traveling around the world.

These collected money will be used for the benefit of the people from flood-stricken areas. benefit既可用作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，意为“有益于；对??有益，因

??得到利益”。如：

The project for environmental protection will benefit us enormously.

I benefited a lot from my teacher’s advice.

5. production

production 作不可数名词时，意为“生产，产出，产量，生产量”。如：

The company is famous for the production of mobile phones.

Production has been increased by using better methods.

This type of cars is produced in mass production.

production的动词是produce，意为“生产”；形容词是“productive”，意为“多产的”；另外一个名词是可数名词product，意为“产品，生产物”，如：

What are the chief farm products in your province?

6. responsibility

responsibility是不可数名词，意为“责任，职责，负责”，如：

He don’t have a sense of responsibility, so he isn’t popular with his classmates.

He tried to avoid taking responsibility for the accident.

It is the responsibility of every of us to protect our environment.

responsible是形容词，意为“有责任的，应负责任的”，如：

Parents are responsible for their children’s safety.

Who is responsible for the mess in the classroom?

Isn’t he too young for such a responsible job?

7. effective

effective是形容词，意为“有效的”，如：

The local government has already taken some effective measure to develop the city without damaging the ecosystem.

This medicine is highly effective against bird-flu.

The new law becomes effective on October 1st.

effective的比较级和最高级分别为“more effective”和“the most effective。 其副词为effectively，意为“有效地”。反义词是ineffective，意为“无效的”；名词是effect，意为“功效，作用”，常构成词组have a/an ?effect on?，意为“对?产生?的作用”。effect一词的用法举例如下：

This medicine had a good/a bad/a side/an ill/an instant/a negative effect on that patient. Punishment had very little effect on those factories, which created harmful waste.

The plans of protecting the endangered animals will soon be carried into effect.

8. willing

willing是形容词，意为“乐意的，自愿的”。如：

Are you willing that he should be admitted into our club?

Are they willing workers for environmental protection?

willing的比较级和最高级分别是more willing和the most willing，其副词是willingly，意为“乐意地”，名词是“willingness”，意为“心甘情愿”，如：

He gave up his seat to the old lady willingly.

Those volunteers showed great willingness to serve in the 2008 Olympic Games.

9. figure

figure可用作名词，意为“数字”，如：

It is reported that a lot of people in China are infected with AIDS.

The figure is really incredible.

He has an income of six figures.

The price of the house is in seven figures.

figure 用作名词还有其他意思，如“图形，身材，大人物”等。如：

The blackboard was covered with interesting figures.

I take exercise every morning to keep my figure.

Bill Gates is an outstanding figure in IT.

figure也可用作动词，构成词组figure out，意为“计算出，理解”，如：

I can’t figure out why she dropped school.

巩固练习：用上面9个单词的正确形式填空

Bird flu is spreading quickly all over the world. And some people who are infected with the virus, even died of it. It is reported that the ___1___ is increasing as summer 2 . Word came that there is a suspected case in the nearby village. So the villagers are holding a meeting, 3 whether they should cut back on the 4 of their egg products. Some villagers say they are 5 to kill their hens, which 6 eggs every day, if it is 7 to the health of the villagers, since it is the 8 of each villager to prevent the disease from spreading. But some villagers argue that they can take some 9 measures to protect themselves.

Keys: 1. figure 2. debating 3. approaches 4. production 5. willing 6. lay 7. beneficial 8. responsibility 9. effective

Part 2 Words from page 29 to 35

根据首字母拼写出本单元出现的单词

1.These buildings are in a bad s_______. It is suggested that they be pulled down.

2.They were s_______ by the news that more than 20 students were killed in the road accident.

3.They were really d_______ at the news that all the tickets had been sold out.

4.He should throw the cat into the well. It is a s_______ to treat animals like that.

5.On his a_______ at the airport, he telephoned home.

6.It is challenging for us to finish this project in a l_______ time.

7.The population of the village has d_______ by 120 to about 600.

8.The modern technical e_______ of his laboratory made it a special one.

9.What m_______ do you suppose we should take to protect our environment?

答案解析

1. state

state在本单元用作名词，意为“状态，状况，情形”。用法如下：

Generally speaking, matter has three states－solid, liquid and gas.

The patient is in a poor state of health.

state用作名词还可指“国家、（构成联邦共和国的）州、国家的”。如：

How many states are there in the United States of America?

The railroads belong to the state in this country.

state也可用作动词，意为“陈述、声明”。如：

The visiting Prime Minister stated that several agreements had been reached during the state visit.

2. shocked

shock是及物动词，意为“使震惊，使震动”。

The result of the tsunami is very shocking, with dead bodies here and there.

I was shocked at the news of his sudden death. ＝I was shocked to hear the news of his sudden death.

shock 也可用作名词，意为“震惊、冲击、震动”。如：

The news of his sudden death was a great shock to us.

Three shocks of the earthquakes were felt last night.

[拓展] 同shock一样，还有一些不可数名词，如success，failure，honor，danger， surprise等；当指具体的每个人或某件事时，前面可加a或an，如：

Liu Xiang is really a great success.

My class teacher turned up at my birthday party, which was really a big surprise.

3. disappointed

disappoint是及物动词，意为“使失望”。常以过去分词disappointed作形容词意为“失望的，沮丧的”，构成词组be disappointed at/about/with，意为“对?而感到失望”，及be disappointed to do sth.，意为“做?而感到失望”。用法举例如下：

The result of the experiment really disappointed us.

Please don’t disappoint me.

What are you looking so disappointed about?

He was disappointed to hear the news that his visa was refused.

We were disappointed that our team had lost the game.

disappointing 是形容词，意为“让人失望的，令人扫兴的”，如：

How disappointing the weather this summer is!

disappointment 是名词，意为“失望，灰心，扫兴”，如：

When he heard the bad news, his disappointment was obvious.

Much to my disappointment, the picnic was put off because of the bad weather.

4. shame

shame在本单元用作名词，意为“可耻的事或人”时可用作可数名词，“羞耻，羞愧”时是不可数名词。如：

What a shame to take in the old lady!

He was called a shame to his class for his cheating in the exam.

To my shame, I made the same mistake again.

The boy hung his head in shame.

I felt shame at having told a lie.

shameful 是形容词，意为“可耻的”，shamefully是副词，意为“可耻的”。

5. arrival

arrival是名词，意为“到达者；到达物；到达，到来”。如：

Our time of arrival in Sydney is eight o’clock.

On his arrival home, he kissed both of his kids.

We are waiting for the arrival of the news.

There are several new arrivals at the hotel.

arrive 用作不及物动词，意为“到达，抵达”。

arrive 后面加介词at，则为到达较小的场所，如：家、店、镇等；后面加介词in，则为到达较大的地方，如：国家、大都市等；而on则用于岛屿及现场等，如：

When shall we arrive at the airport?

I’ll phone you the time I arrive in New York.

The police arrived on the scene in no time.

It took them a long time to arrive at a conclusion.

At last the day they had been looking forward to arrived.

6. limited

limited为形容词，意为“有限的”。如：

His knowledge of history is rather limited.

The limited edition made the stamp move valuable.

You should drive within the limited speed in this area, otherwise you’ll be fined.

limit 作名词时，意为“极限，限度，界限”。如：

The task is too much for me. I know my limits.

Her patience reached its limit.

If only the banks would lend money without limit?

limit 作动词时，意为“限制，限定”。常用词组limit sb./sth. to sth.，意为“把?限制在?内”。如：

We must limit the expense to what we can afford.

Mother limited us to an ice-cream each.

7. decreased

decrease既可作动词用，又可作名词用，反义词为increase。作动词时，意为“减少，使减退”。如：

Thanks to the new traffic law, the number of traffic accident has decreased.

The number of milu deer has decreased to 250 in that area.

The conductor decreased the speed of the train because of the traffic accident ahead.

decrease 作名词时，意为“减少的数量”。词组on the decrease相当于decreasing，意为“在减少中”。如：

There has been a decrease in the number of smokers this year.

Is theft on the decrease?

8. equipment

equipment 是不可数名词，意为“设备，器材，装备”。如：

What’s the cost of equipment?

We’ll visit a factory with modern equipment this afternoon.

He spent much time and money on the equipment of his new house.

equip 是动词，意为“装备于?，使?本身具备”，过去式、过去分词分别为equipped、equipped，现在分词为equipping。用法举例如下：

Shall we equip our office with a printer?

We found our new school equipped with different kinds of sports facilities.

The more we learn, the more equipped for dealing with all kinds of problems in the modern society we become.

9. measures

measure 在本单元作可数名词用，意为“措施，方法”，通常以复数形式出现。如： The took strong measures against dangerous drivers.

The school has taken some measures to prevent cheating.

measure 作名词时，还有“尺寸，大小，基准”等。如：

I had a coat made to my own measure.

I took the measure of my study.

Wealth is not always the measure of success.

measure 可用作动词，意为“测量（长度，大小，重量等），测定；测?的尺寸”。如： The tailor measured me for a suit.

The policemen are measuring the speed of cars.

巩固练习：用上面的9个单词的正确形式填空

Tom has been in the university for three years. One day, his mother was ___1___ to be informed that Tom had been addicted to computer games and had failed in the exam. She decided to go to the university in person. On her ___2___ there, she was ___3___ to find her son in a poor___4___ of health, for he had spent too much time on computer games. Tom hung his head in ___5___ in front of his mother, admitting the time he spent on his study had ___6___ since he became interested in on-line games. But he promised that he would make use of the modern ___7___ in the lab in the ___8___ time and worked hard to catch up with his classmates. His mother hoped that, at the same time, the university would take some ___9___ to help those addicted students. Key: 1. shocked 2. arrival 3. disappointed 4. state 5. shame 6. decreased 7. equipment 8. limited 9.measures

Part 3 Words on page 38

根据句意及中文，写出本单元出现的词。

1. His funny story during his speed ______ (引起) few laughs.

2. Some of the kids are addicted to computer games, which arouses ______ (关注，关心) of both parents and teachers.

3. During his speech, the Minister of Education emphasized the ______ (重要性) of education.

4. Can you ______ (建议，忠告) me on the problem?

5. The water pollution ______ (危及) the living things in the river in the past.

6. After the fire, very little ______ (留存，剩下) of my house.

7. He made every ______ (努力) to achieve high grades.

8. You’ll ______ (欣赏) this city better if you know its history and culture.

9. You’d better ______ (保留) the money for future need.

答案解析

1. raised

raise 是及物动词，在本单元意为“引发；提出”。如：

His long absence raised fears about his safety.

The tsunami in Indonesia raised concern both at home and abroad.

The report on UFO raised the curiosity of the kids.

Does anyone have any points to raise?

raise 还有许多其他意思，请根据句意说说它们不同的含义。

a. 饲养（家畜等） b. 筹款，筹措 c. 举起，抬起d. 建立，建造 e. 抬高，提高

(1) Please raise your hands if you are for the plan.

(2) His father raised his voice in anger.

(3) The farmer raised 20 pigs and some chickens.

(4) They raised enough money for the environmental production project.

(5) They planned to raise a monument for the dead.

Keys: c e a b d

注意： raise是及物动词，其过去式、过去分词分别为raised，raised；现在分词是raising。而rise是不及物动词，过去式、过去分词分别为rose，risen；现在分词是rising。 请试着以raise和rise的不同形式填写以下句子。

(1) He told us that he ______ by his aunt.

(2) As we all know, the sun ______ in the east and sets in the west.

(3) The river ______ 3 inches since it rained.

(4) He stood there with his right hand ______.

(5) A great number of nations ______ and fell in the course of history.

(6) The price of a cup of coffee ______ by ten cents.

(7) I saw tears ______ to her eyes.

(8) He ______ to his feet, ______ his voice in anger.

Keys: 1. was raised 2. rises 3. has risen 4. raised 5. rose 6. has risen/has been raised 7.rising 8. rose, raising

2. concern

concern在本单元作名词用，意为“关心，关注”。如：

The famous singer expressed particular concern for those children infected with AIDS. His greatest concern is whether the endangered animals will be protected.

It’s no concern of mine.

The mother showed a great deal of concern for her son’s illness.

词组as far as?be concerned 意为“就?而言”。如：

As far as I’m concerned, I’m not against the plan.

concerned 为形容词，意为“担心的，担忧的”， 如：

We are all concerned about her safety.

concerning 为介词，意为“关于，涉及”。如：

The problem concerning the protection of Taihu Lake will be discussed tomorrow.

Concerning his proposal, there were pros and cons.

3. importance

importance为不可数名词，意为“重要性”。如：

That’s a matter of great importance to us.

The educator emphasized the importance of developing team spirit between children.

[注意] be+of+抽象名词（importance, value, use, help?）＝be+该抽象名词的形容词（important, valuable, useful, helpful?）。如：

His advice is of great value. ＝His advice is very valuable.

important 为形容词，意为“重要的”，常用于以下句型：

It is important for us to master a foreign language in the modern society.

It is important that you (should) keep your promise. ＝It is important for you to keep your promise.

4. advise

advise 是及物动词，意为“建议，劝告”。常有以下用法：

The doctor advised a complete rest. /taking a week’s rest

I advised him to stop smoking and drinking. ＝I advised him that he (should) stop smoking and drinking.

I advised her against marrying that dishonest man. ＝I advised her not to marry that dishonest man.

advice 是名词，意为“建议，劝告”。如：

You won’t get well unless you take/follow the doctor’s advice.

I’ll ask my teacher for advice on this matter.

That’s a good piece of advice you gave me.

5. endangered

endanger是及物动词，意为“使受危险，危及”。如：

His laziness endangered his chances of success.

endangered 是形容词，意为“濒临绝种危险的”。如：

Are pandas endangered in China?

danger 是名词，意为“危险，危险物”。如：

The drowning boy is in danger of losing his life.

The tiger is a great danger to the villagers.

dangerous 是形容词，意为“危险的，不安全的”。如：

It’s dangerous to play on a road.

6. remained

remain是不及物动词，意为“留存，剩余，逗留，仍然是”。如：

If you take 3 from 10, 7 remains.

Who would like to remain and help me do the dishes?

Who stole the famous painting remains unknown.

It remains to be seen whether he will pass the driving test.

They remain good friends though now they study in two different cities.

The boy bought his mother a birthday gift with the remaining three dollars.

7. effort

effort是名词，意为“努力”。如：

He spared no effort to help me with my English.

All my efforts were in vain.

He lifted the heavy rock without effort.

Please make an effort to arrive early.

The efforts of the government to help the disabled made a deep impression on all the people who attended the melting.

8. appreciate

appreciate是及物动词，意为“赞赏，欣赏，赏识”。如：

You can’t appreciate the novel unless you know its background.

His works were not appreciated until after his death.

We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard work.

I appreciate it when you help others when they are in trouble.

appreciate 还有“感激”的意思。如：

I appreciate your timely help.

appreciation 是名词，意为“鉴识，鉴赏力”等。如：

He has a deep appreciation of literature.

9. reserve

reserve 即可用作名词，意为“保护区，保留”，也可用作动词，意为“保留，保存”。如： After a long journey, we came to a forest reserve.

I have little money in reserve.

We discussed the problem without reserve.

I must reserve strength for climbing the mountain tomorrow.

reserve 还有“预订，留作专用”之意。如：

All seats reserved

The first three rows of the hall are reserved for special guests.

巩固练习：用上面9个单词的正确形式填空

Last night, when I was watching TV, my attention was drawn to a special programme about a forest ___1___, which was taken good care of by an old man. He made great ___2___ to protect the ___3___ plants and animals there in all his life. When he was interviewed, he said he would ___4___ there and lived the rest of his life. He also ___5___ that every citizen should know the ___6___ of protecting the ecosystem. He expressed he would ___7___ those who joined him in the cause.I think this special programme will ___8___ ___9___ all over the country.

Key: 1. reserve 2. efforts 3. endangered 4. remain 5. advised

6.importance 7. appreciate 8. raise 9. concern

Part 4 Phrases from page 22 to 25

用下列词组的适当形式完成句子

cut back on run out of It is obvious that… wipe out in addition open the floor What if

1. They got lost in the forest. ______, it was raining cats and dogs.

2. A terrible disease broke out, and it almost ______ the population of the island.

3. Your mother is out of work now. My suggestion is that you should ______ your living cost.

4. ______ you are concerned about the reforms in the educational system.

5. Now it’s time for us to ______ for our discussion on how to make full use of natural

resources.

6. We are doubting whether we ______ all our natural resources.

7. ______ aliens should attack the earth?

答案解析

1. In addition

in addition 意为“另外，加之，又”，作副词用，相当于besides 或as well。如： He had no time to prepare this lecture, in addition, he was unwell。

There was a big earthquake and, in addition, there were terrible tsunamis.

In addition, there is one more point I would like to make.

in addition to 作介词用，意为“加之，除了?之外”。如：

He speaks French in addition to English.

In addition to the sandwiches, Aunt Mary gave us cookies to bring to the picnic.

此外，addition的动词是add，能构成不同的词组。add something to?，意为“把?添加入?”；add up to，意为“总计”；add to意为“增添”。如：

Please add some more salt to this soup.

All his school education added up to no more than one year.

The news that the road was blocked added to her anxiety.

2. wiped out

wipe out在本单元意为“扫除，消灭”，还有“擦洗?的内部，雪耻”等意思。如： I hope that the terrible scene will be wiped out from the little boy’s memory.

It is reported that the imported plant will wipe out some of the original species there.

All the information saved in the computer was wiped out by the virus.

The deadly disease almost wiped out the entire population.

The houses were wiped out by the flood.

Could you wipe the bath out?

wipe 还能构成其他词组，请试着说出下面这些句子中词组的意思。

a. （把溅出的水等）抹掉 b. 擦掉

c. 擦去（眼泪等） d. 把?擦干

(1) Will you please wipe off the drawing from the blackboard?

(2) Please wipe up that spilt coffee.

(3) She wiped her tears away with her handkerchief.

(4) Please wipe the glasses dry.

Keys: b a c d

3. cut back on

cut back on 意为“削减，缩减，减少”。如：

They’ve already cut back production by twenty percent.

You have to cut back on spending.

由cut构成的词组有很多，请试着说出下面这些句子中各词组的意思：

a. 切碎 b. 插嘴 c. 切断（电力、煤气、自来水等）

d. 剪下 e. 使孤立 f. 砍倒

(1) The electricity was cut off because of the terrible storm.

(2) They shouldn’t have cut down those young trees.

(3) To make the dish, you should first cut up the vegetables into small pieces.

(4) He cut out an article about Liuxiang from the newspaper.

(5) The moment I began to speak, he cut in.

(6) The village was cut off by the heavy snow.

Keys: c f a d b e

4. It is obvious that…

It is obvious that?是个固定句型，意为“?是显然的”。如：

It is obvious that he told her a lie.

It is obvious that he didn’t do it himself.

It is+形容词＋that? 这种句型比较多见，同学们要学会自己归纳。如：

It is impossible that he will come this afternoon.

It is likely that he will give a speech.

It is important that you should keep obey the school rules.

It is strange that you don’t know him.

It is necessary that you should buy so many dresses at a time?

5. open the floor

open the floor 意为“自由发言”。如：

The club members opened the floor for their discussion whether they should give up the plan or not.

open 的意思有很多。请试着说出下面这些句子中open的含义。

a. 告知，表明 b. 开火 c. 展现

d. 开张 e. 以?开始 d. 展开，打开。

(1) The lovely view opened out before our eyes.

(2) He opened his heart to the girl.

(3) My dream is to open a restaurant.

(4) The Red Army men opened fire at the enemy.

(5) He opened out a folding map for all of us and began his story.

(6) The story opened with a love story between a prince and a princess.

Keys: c a d b f e

6. run out of

run out of 意为“用完，耗尽”。如：

I have run out of my pocket money.＝My pocket money has run out.

We are running out of fuel. ＝Our fuel is running out.

由run构成的短语很多，请试着说出下列各句中run或其词组的含义。

a. 褪色 b. 逃出，逃跑 c. 撞上 d. 偶然遇见

e. 发烧 f. 追赶 g. 连续跑

(1) Luckily, they ran away from the fire.

(2) I ran across one of my old friends in the street this morning.

(3) The two policemen are running after a thief.

(4) The color of this T-shirt runs easily.

(5) His car ran into the post.

(6) The little girl ran a high fever.

(7) He will run on for hours if you don’t stop him.

Keys: b d f a c e g

7. What if

what if 常用于口语中，意为“如果?怎么办？”或“即使?又有什么关系？”。如： What if what he said is true?

What if it rains while we are still on our way home?

What if he gets angry?

what 或其构成的短语经常出现在口语中，表达不同的意思。请根据句意选择合适的答案。 a. What! b. What though c. What for?

d. So what? e. What about f. what it takes

(1) ______ going out for a walk after supper?

(2) — I’ll go to Paris nest month? —______.

(3) ______ Did you lose the collected money?

(4) —You’ve told all our plan to our class teacher? — ______.

(5) ______ we are poor, we still have each other.

(6) Perseverance is ______ to succeed.

Keys: e c d d b f

巩固练习: 用上面所学的7个短语的适当形式填空

Are you often caught in the heavy traffic jam? Are you surrounded by the numerous news of terrible car accidents? ___1___ , have you found that the air becomes less fresh? Yes, ___2___ with the number of the private cars increasing rapidly these days, new problems come up.

I say, it’s time for all the citizens to ___3___ for this discussion whether the car production should be ___4___. Or shall we take some measures to take the situation under control? ___5___ we ___6___ the petrol in the world? Will the terrible scene in the science fiction film come true? I hope it will ___7___ from our memory.

Come on! Please take action to do something for ourselves.

Keys: 1. In addition 2. It is obvious that, 3. open the floor 4. cut back on 5. What if 6. run out of 7. be wiped out

Part 5 Phrases from page 29 to 35

用下列词组的适当形式完成句子

take … into consideration, provide… for…, be stocked with, pick out, on doing sth., in the form of, be likely to do

1.Their diet contains a lot of fat ______ potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate.

2.The ship ______ modern technical equipment and computer for weather research.

3.They are busy ______ areas which are easily attacked by the terrorists.

4.He ______ come to the concert, for he is a music fan.

5.What should we ______ when we go rock-climbing?

6.______ the news, all of us jumped with joy.

7.They ______ different things, including books, clothes, food ______ those children from mountainous areas.

答案解析

1. in the form of

in the form of 意为“以?的形式，形态”。如：

She taught the children the 26 letters in the form of an English song.

He showed us water in the form of ice, snow, and steam.

form 还有其它意思，如：

Please fill in the application form.

That athlete was out of form and he lost the game.

A dark form could be seen in the distance.

He formed the habit of reading

An idea formed in his mind.

2. is stocked with

] be stocked with意为“装备有?，储备有?”。如：

That shop is well stocked with the latest fashions of MP3.

That man is well stocked with information.

stock 除动词外，也可用作名词。如：

We have every type of color TVs in stock.

I’m sorry, this size of shoes is out of stock.

3. picking out

pick out意为“找出，挑选”。 如：

She picked out a pair of shoes that matches her mother’s dress as a birthday gift. Would you pick out the places where she would possibly go?

pick out还有“了解、领会”这一含义。如：

He is always quick in picking out the meaning of a passage.

pick 组成的短语也不少，请试着说出下列句子中pick短语的含义。 a. 挑三拣四 b. 驾车去接某人 c. 恢复健康

d. 遭扒窃 e. 偶然获得 f. 采花

(1) Shall I pick you up at the station?

(2) I had my pocket picked yesterday.

(3) The boy was caught picking flowers in the garden.

(4) Don’t pick and choose. We are short of money these days.

(5) I think he’ll pick up soon.

(6) He picked up the information in a most unlikely place.

Keys: b d f a c e

4. is likely to

be likely to 相当于be possible to do，意为“有可能会?”。如：

It is likely to rain tonight.

It is reported that the incident is likely to lead to a war.

它的另外一个句型是It is likely that ?。此处的likely不能换成possible。如： He is likely to win the game. ＝It is likely that he will win the game.

注意：likely可用作形容词和副词，而like可用作动词、介词、名词、形容词、连词和副词。请说说下列各句中划线部分的意思。

(1) Like father, like son.

(2) How would you like the book you read last week?

(3) I feel like a cup of tea now.

(4) I like collecting sweat papers.

(5) It’s something like a cock.

(6) I’ll do it now if you like.

(7) Coffee doesn’t like me.

(8) Tom is very much like his father.

(9) It is a likely place for camping.

(10) He has most likely lost his way.

Keys:

(1) 有其父比有其子。

(2) 你认为??如何？

(3) 想要

(4) 喜欢

(5) 有点象

(6) 如果你喜欢

(7) 不适合我的肠胃

(8) 很象

(9) 合适的地方

(10) 很可能

5. take into consideration

take?into consideration意为“考虑到某事”。如：

We must take the weather into consideration first when climbing mountains.

be under consideration意为“正在考虑中”。如：

When to begin the plan of exchange students is under consideration.

leave... out of consideration意为“对?不加考虑”。如：

There is one important fact that has been left out of consideration.

show consideration for意为“体谅”。如：

He shows much consideration for his wife.

in consideration of意为“考虑到?，顾及?”。如：

In consideration of his poor health, they decided to go on the journey without him.

on no consideration 意为“绝不?”。如：

On no consideration can you give up the plan.

另外，considering是介词，意为“鉴于，就?而论”。如：

Considering his age, he has done very well.

6. On hearing

on doing sth. 意为“一?就?”。如：

On arriving at the airport, he was arrested by the police. = On his arrival at the airport, he was

arrested by the police.

On seeing her mother, the girl burst into tears.

7. provided, for

provide sth. for sb. 意为“把某物提供给某人”，也可转换成provide sb. with sth. 如：

They provided the suffers with food and clothes. ＝They provided food and clothes for the suffers.

provided 是连词，意为“倘若?，在?条件下”。如：

Provided that there is no opposition, we’ll carry out the plan.

providing 也是连词，意为“倘若?”。如：

I shall go providing that it doesn’t rain.

巩固练习: 用上面所学的7个短语的适当形式填空

Last night, I had a strange dream.

I dreamed of going to visit the world famous director —Steven Spielberg. ___1___ the scene, I found his studio ___2___ the latest modern technical equipment. He had a friendly talk with me. He said ___3___ I would become a well-known director like him. He also said when directing a film, we should ___4___ audience ___5___, and only in this way could we ___6___ good films ___7___ them. I found all the plays were written ___8___ dialogues. Before I left, Steven ___9___ several plays for me to read.What a surprising dream!

Keys: 1. On arriving at 2. was stocked with 3. it was likely that 4. take

5. into consideration 6. provide 7. for 8. in the form of 9. picked out

Part 6 Phrases on page 38

用下列词组的适当形式完成句子

under way focus on result in lead to rely on

It is illegal to do sth. prohibit sb. from doing sth. solution to…

(1) Those villagers ______ the Yangtze River for drinking water.

(2) The factory poured waste water into the lake, which______ unsafe drinking water in this area.

(3) As we all know, hard work ______success.

(4) “______ fish in this area in a certain period,” the fisherman warned us.

(5) Project Hope is still ______ to help those children to get educated in poor areas.

(6) His speech mainly ______ the problem of increasing population in the world.

(7) A lot of doctors were called in to work out possible ______ the unknown disease of the king.

(8) Visitors ______ entering this area for the sake of their safety.

答案解析

1. rely on

rely on相当于rely upon，有时可以用depend on替换，意为“依靠，依赖”。如： You may not rely on the weather report.

He is not the person who can be relied on.

rely on/upon sb. doing或rely on/upon sb. to do 意为“指望或相信某人会做?”。如： I rely on him to pay back the money. ＝I rely on his paying back the money.

rely on it that ? 意为“相信?”。如：

You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.

2. resulted in

result in 意为“导致?结果”。如：

His attempt to steal money from the lady resulted in failure.

result from意为“因?引起”。如：

The terrible road accident resulted from his carelessness.

as a result (of) 意为“由于?，因为”。如：

He was late for the school as a result of the traffic jam.

The man drove at a high speed in the limited area. As a result, he was fined.

without result 相当于in vain，意为“徒劳，毫无结果”。如：

I tried to recall her name without result.

3. leads to

[解析] lead to 意为“导致（结果）”或“通向?”。如：

That he cheated in the exam led to his being punished.

All roads lead to Rome.

lead 还能构成其它词组，如：

Gone are the days when the peasants led a dog’s life.

What led you to believe what he said?

With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the house.

4. It’s illegal to

It’s illegal to do sth. 意为“做?是不合法的”。如：

It’s illegal for boys under 18 to drink in this state.

It’s illegal to carry guns without permission in our country.

It is+ 形容词+ to do的句型很多，举例如下：

It’s dangerous to swim alone in this river.

It is natural for him to oppose a plan like that.

It’s important to master a foreign language in the modern society.

5. under way

under 意为“在进行中”。如：

Several projects are under way to help those poor college students to finish their education. under 表示“（工作的继续）在进行之中”或“正被?中”，有好几个词组。如： Our new school is under construction.

The car under repair belongs to Mr. Green.

He lived in the city of St. Petersburg when it was under attack of Nazi.

请用其短语的适当形式完成下列句子。

(1) Only ______ can we work out the problem.

(2) ______, where’s the nearest post office?

(3) The students climbed ______ up to the top of the mountain.

(4) He came to China ______ Japan.

(5) At last, the company ______ the workers’ demand of a salary raise.

(6) Don’t stand ______.

(7) He was ______ to the airport when his car broke down.

(8) You are correct ______.

(9) You should ______ an ambulance when driving.

(10) The girl ______ in the dark street, and she found no one to turn to for help.

(11) The Great Wall ______ from east to west, lying in the north of China.

(12) Mum, Can I play computer games for another 2 hours. — ______!

Keys: (1) in this way (2) By the way (3) all the way! (4) by way of (5) gave way to (6) in the way (7) on his way (8) in a way (9) make way for

(10) lost her way (11) winds its way (12) No way

6. focused on

focus on 意为“集中，关注”。如：

We must focus our attention on our study.

Those who are nearsighted can’t focus on distant objects.

The boy forgot to telephone his grandmother with his thoughts focused on the maths problem.

7. solutions to

solution to? 意为“?的解决方法”。如：

It took them a long time to find the solution to the trouble between the two villages.

与solution连用的动词主要有以下几个：

arrive at/come to/reach a solution

find/seek a solution

hit on a solution

该词组中的to为介词，以下词组中的to也是介词。如：

the key to success the entrance to the cinema the key to the door the way to the schooll the notes to the text the answer to the question pay attention to look forward to stick to devote …to … adapt to be addicted to belong to in addition to be used to doing add to come up to turn to

8. are prohibited from

prohibit sb. from doing sth. 意为“用法律、规则等禁止某人做?”或“事情妨碍某人?”。如： Children are prohibited from buying cigarettes.

The sale of this medicine is prohibited.

His poor eyesight prohibited him from becoming a pilot.

注意：prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth.意为“妨碍、防止某人做某事”。其中prevent和stop词组里的from可省略。被动语态中，三个词组中的from都不能省略。如：

Her sudden arrival prevented me (from) going out.

The government has taken some measures to prevent the disease from spreading.

巩固练习: 用上面所学的8个短语的适当形式完成下列句子。

1. Who did he ______ to finish his school education?

2. ______ bring ivory from abroad to our country.

3. The project ______ will last five years.

4. We should try to work out some ______ this problem.

5. His attempted to go into the White House ______ failure.

6. We ______ going out of our school during weekdays.

7. Students are encouraged to ______ the news at home and abroad.

8. His dishonesty ______ his being fired by the company.

Keys: 1. rely on 2.It is illegal to 3. under way 4. solutions to resulted in 6. are prohibited from 7. focus on 8. led to 5.