朗阁201314雅思小作文流程地图题词汇锦囊
朗阁海外考试研究中心
在雅思写作部分，A类小作文的流程图和地图题一直是烤鸭们比较头痛的部分。此部分题型在构文方式并没有特别的技巧和特殊性。事实上，除了把握图形的分析方法和每种图形不同的解题方式外，考生最关注的应该是补充什么类的词汇做备考准备了。大部分考生在市面上找不到专门的流程和地图备考书籍，而词汇书上也并不把流程地图的词汇专门划分复习，网络信息则把流程图和地图题的材料区分明确，使得考生找不到一个综合备考办法。在本文中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们总结了综合完整的流程地图题词汇，提供给烤鸭们完善的备考指引。以下的词条按照不同表达方式进行分类。
Part 1：表时间
流程图和地图题中都可能涉及时间表达。流程题中，使用较多的是过程时长的表述，而地图题的时间使用则体现为地理变迁的时间变化。一般在方位选址图题中较少出现。确切的时间指引，既增加文章的自然和连贯度，也能体现行文的精确性。
常见表示时间的词：
in few hours几小时
during the period of … 在…期间
after 10 days 10天后
from…to 从…到…
between …and 在…之间
over the…year period在一个…年期间
5 years before 5年前
over the subsequent …years近连续几年
a decade earlier几十年前 from that moment on从那时起 after a while一会 since自从 since then自从 finally最后
例句：The process lasts for up to 7 days and the products are finally distributed to customers.
Part 2：表空间
空间表达地图题出现概率较高，但流程图也偶尔出现。空间应该是地图题解题关键和主要特点。许多考生容易误把地图题的空间位置写成上下左右位置，这是失分点非常大的地方。朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们提示烤鸭，空间表达时需要注意区分：在空间状语里，in表内部，on表接壤，to表分开。
常用的空间词：
lies 靠近
is located 坐落
is situated in 位于
across 交叉
parallel 平行
intersect 交点
near/next to/close to/adjacent to 靠近
例句：It lies 450 kilometers from the nearest city, which is on the north side of the KK mountain.
on the …side of the …面 on both sides of 两边 just off … 靠近 on the opposite side 在另一边 on the border 在边缘上 center/middle/central area 中间
Part 3：表顺序
表顺序的使用在流程图中是典型，表顺序的关联词能够使描述的流程更加清晰，结构条理明显。就如我们常用的产品安装说明一样，标明了1、2、3、4步，简洁明了。常见的表顺序的连词如下：
开始：first of all, initially, to begin with, in the first place, first, the first stage involves …, during, in the first place
其次：second, then, next, also, in the second stage, following this/that, afterwards the first (reason) is
然后：after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile, prior to, until, in the third stage, in addition, at the same time, from that moment on, once when
最终：finally, lastly, in the final stage, in the end
例句：First the fruit is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the cannery by large trucks.
Part 4：表动作
动词部分应当是流程和地图题的重点，这里要做一个明确的区分：流程图的动作以流程步骤中的操作动作为主，而地图题中的动作以地理位置变迁的变化动词为主。因此，下列的词汇分成两大部分：
A. 流程动词：
细节动作：
lay, put放
strike打
compress压缩
release释放
move, flow流动
press按压
adjust调整
rotate旋转
chop砍 grind磨碎 light点燃 burn燃烧 ignite点燃 reflect反光 turn up调高 turn down调低 wind缠绕 unwind解开 revolve旋转 unfold打开 reverse颠倒，倒转 heat up加热 expand膨胀 bend弯曲 spin旋转 absorb吸收 evaporate蒸发
volatilize挥发 变化：
accumulate积累 gather/collect收集 obtain获得 turn off关闭 cool down冷却 disconnect断开连接 renovate革新，更新，修复 组成：
be made up of由...组成 be made of由...制成 separate 分开
B. 地图变化词 变大：
enlarged extended doubled, tripled 变小：
dropped reduced 消失：
draw提取 process加工 fade 褪色 increase增长 promote促进；升职 reduce减少
renew使更新，使恢复
be made from 由...制成feed on 以...为食
increased soar
decreased grown
poured into倒入
convey运送 replace取代 shrink收缩 melt溶解 heal治愈 recycle回收
depend on/rely on 依赖sort分类
by half risen
fallen halved
disappeared
建成：
becomes
transformed
reconstructed
redeveloped
converted into
added to the library
例句：
1. Uranium is found under the ground and so it must be mined. Once the mined uranium has been extracted, it is taken to a processing centre.
2. A new IT centre has been added to the library.
以上就是雅思考试的Task 1部分流程和地图题的高频考试词汇。当然，除了词汇的掌握之外，考生还应注意该类考题的时态和句式问题。时态在流程图部分以一般现在时为主，而地图题则以一般过去时和现在完成时以及一般现在时为主。在句式上，除了基础句型之外，考生应用上能表客观的被动句以及连接不同顺序的各类从句以提升行文丰富度。
changed into turned over to replaced /substituted gives way to … newly-built built establish set up constructed completed and opened removed no more here
第二篇：雅思小作文两篇(地图流程)
【地图】
The following two maps show the development of a coastal city from 1950 to 2007. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
The two maps illustrate the changes of a coastal city between 1950 and 2007. We can see clearly that the city became more and more modern.
1n 1950, the city was like a small village, with vast grassland areas all over the city.
There was a sea in the north of this city, with a park to the west. In front of the park, there was a big building area where things were under construction. By that time, three large areas were all grasslands, with a cross road dividing them.
However, when it comes to 2007, things experienced significant changes. A new apartment had been built where the park was, and the original building areas were converted into industry buildings such as parks, parking lots and swimming pools. The most obvious changes were that the former grasslands disappeared, becoming cinemas in the southwest, shops in the southeast, and houses in the northeast. On the north side,
although the sea was still there, a wharf was built in it so people could travel more easily by sea.
Finally, although there was still a cross road in the city, the horizontal road was moved to the south. By doing so, industry buildings and houses could be left more places to
develop. Anyway, the city had experienced tremendous changes throughout the 57-year period.
【流程图】
The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silk worm.
First of all, eggs are produced by the moth and it takes ten days for each egg to become a silkworm larva that feeds on mulberry leaves. This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself. After a period of
about three weeks, the adult moths eventually emerge from these cocoons and the life cycle begins again.
The cocoons are the raw material used for the production of silk cloth. Once selected, they are boiled in water and the threads can be separated in the unwinding stage. Each thread is between 300 and 900 metres long, which means they can be twisted together, dyed and then used to produce cloth in the weaving stage.
Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.
分析
第一段：
1 The first diagram shows that there are four main stages in the life of the silk worm. 本句话的作用是说明这个流程图分为几个步骤。总起全文。
第二段：
流程图并无习惯性或常用性表达。一定要看好事物发展过程，然后一个阶段一个阶段逐步去描述。
第三段：
1 Overall, the diagrams show that the cocoon stage of the silkworm can be used to produce silk cloth through a very simple process.
这句话的作用是再次对这个流程图进行简要概括，“通过一个简单的过程就能完成”