高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破
情态动词
一、表能力
(1) 一般能力用can或be able to都可, can 更为常用;
(2) was / were able to表示过去有能力并且成功地做了某事.
1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
2. The biggest problem for most plants, which ____ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t
A. can’t
二、表推测
must表示强烈的肯定, can/ could 语气较强, may /might语气最弱, 不肯定.
1. Although this ________sound like a simple task, great care is needed.
A. must
A. wouldn’t
the furniture.
A. must B. shall C. may D. need
4. — I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
— It _______ Harry’s. He always wears green.
A. has to be
A. must not
A. must
A. shall
A. should
三、 表请求，允许，建议
第一人称：Shall/ May /Might/ Can/ Could I/ We…?
第二人称：Would/ Will you…?
第三人称：Shall he/ she/they…?
1. — Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. ____ I go out and play with Tom for a while?
1 B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not 3. A computer _____ think for itself; it must be told what to do. B. may B. can’t C. shall D. should. 2. You _________ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago. C. mustn’t D. needn’t 3. You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _______ not like the design of B. will be B. won’t B. can B. should B. must C. mustn’t be C. can’t C. should C. can C. will D. could be D. may not D. would D. must D. can 5. You _______ be tired. — You have only been working for an hour. 6. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ________ be rather cold sometimes. 7. Peter _______ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general. 8. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow.
高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破 — No. I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. Can’t B. Wouldn’t C. May not D. Won’t
2. — May I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you ___.
A. might
— Of course.
A. Will
4. — What’s the name?
— Khulaifi. _____I spell that for you?
A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might
5. — _____ he come to see you ?
— Of course, please. And I’d rather he told me the truth.
A. Will
(1) 表推测
must have done
can’t /couldn’t have done
may/might have done
(2) 表虚拟
could have done
should/ought to have done
needn’t have done 过去本能, 而实际上未做 过去本该, 而实际上未做 过去本不该, 而实际上做了 过去本不必, 其实已做 过去一定…… (无否定形式) 过去不可能… 过去可能…… B. Shall C. Would D. Do 四、“情态动词 + have done”的用法: B. Shall C. Would D. Do B. will C. can D. should 3. — The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it? shouldn’t/ought not to have done
should/would like/ love to have done 过去本想做却没做
would rather have done 宁愿已做某事却没做
1. She __________ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
2. — I can’t find my purse anywhere.
—You _____ have lost it while shopping.
A. may
A. need have done B. can C. should D. would
B. must have done D. might have done 3. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___ better. C. can have done
4. — I’m sorry. I ___ at you the other day.
— Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout
2 B. shouldn’t have shouted
高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破
C. mustn’t shout
D. mustn’t have shouted B. should arrive D. should be arriving
C. wouldn’t D. can’t 5. Mr. White ____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up. A .should have arrived C. should have had arrived 6. He ___ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A. should B. must
— Oh, dear! She ____ a lot of difficulties!
A. may go through
C. ought to have gone through
8. He paid for a seat, when he ____ have entered free.
A. could
A. should put
past ten years.
A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
11. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I ____ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A. should have taken B. could have taken C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken
12. As you worked late yesterday, you ____ have come this morning.
A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
13. —Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
— Great! You ____ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must
14. — My cat’s really fat.
—You ____ have given her so much food.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t
15. — Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
— You ___ it in the wrong place.
A. must put
him, I suppose.
A. should B. can C. would D. must
17. — Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
— Well, he ________ have gone far — his coat is still here.
A. shouldn’t
7. —The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. B. might go through D. must have gone through B. would C. must D. need B. could have put C. might put D. must have put 9. This cake is very sweet. You _______ a lot of sugar in it. 10. We ___ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the B. should C. must have D. should have B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 16. The teacher ________ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on B. mustn’t 3 C. can’t D. wouldn’t 五、情态动词其他用法要点:
高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破
1. Should
(1) 表特殊语气: 竟然，竟会
You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
(2) 用于条件句: 表可能性，万一，如果
Should you run into Kate, tell her she owes me a letter.
(3) 表推测:（按理讲）应该
The photos should be ready by tomorrow morning.
2. Must
(1) 表示“偏要，硬要做某事”。如：
—How old are you?
—If you must know, I’m twice my son’s age.
(2) 其否定式 mustn’t, 表示“禁止”；
must作“必须”讲时，其否定式是needn’t，表示“不必”，如：
—Must I work out the problem? —No, you needn’t.
—May I use your car? —No, you mustn’t.
(委婉的拒绝可用：Sorry, but I am using it now. 或 You’d better not.)
3. 当shall用于一、三人称的疑问句表示请求；用于二、三称时表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时，也要用shall. 如：
You shall have a nice present for your birthday.（允诺）
Children shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. （命令）
4. can not but + do sth. 表示“不得不，只好”
I can not but choose to go. 我只好去。
5. may well 和may /might (just)as well结构
“may well+动词原形”是一种常见结构，意为“完全能，很可能”，相当于 to be very likely to;
He may well be proud of his son. 他大可为儿子感到自豪。
“may/might as well +动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于had better.
You may as well do it at once. 你最好马上就做这件事。
6. cannot (或never等否定词)与enough或 too 连用表示“再…也不为过”.
You cannot be careful enough in doing experiments. 做实验时再小心也不为过。
7. may可以用于祈使句，表示祝愿。如：
May you return in safety. 愿你平安归来。
8. dare & need 既可以用作情态动词也可用作实义动词。其中做情态动词不用于肯定句，做实义动词不受限制。
① He dared not go out alone in the past.
② —Dare he cross the river? —No, he daren’t.
③ He doesn’t dare to cross the river.
④ You needn’t see him, but I must.
4
高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破
⑤ Need you see him? ⑥ You don’t need to see him.
⑦ —Do you need to see him? —Yes, I do. 9. will 做情态动词的用法: 1）表意愿，可用于多种人称 He won’t go with us.
I will marry you whatever happens.
2) 第二人称一般疑问句，询问意愿或提出请求，would 语气委婉;
would 还是will 的过去时，不限人称，表示意愿. Will you give him a message? Would you like some coffee? I promised I would help you.
3) would 做情态动词还可以表示过去的习惯、习性、倾向等。 When I was a child, I would often go skiing.
巩固练习
1. — Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Don’t forget it! — Ok, I _________! A. won’t A. will
B. don’t B. can B. need
C. will C. must C. would
D. do D. may D. should
2. Lisa _________ well not want to go on the trip — she hates traveling.
3. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _________ be so rude to a lady. A. might
4. ---What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? --- Well, it ___ be big — that’s not important. A. mustn’t library. A. must
B. may
C. can
D. need
6. — I don’t mind telling you what I know. — You ___. I’m not asking you for it. A. mustn’t collected. A. can A. can’t
B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
5. Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public
B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
7. It has been announced that candidates _____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been
B. may
5
C. shall
D. should D. shouldn’t
8. There is no light on —They ___ be at home.
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
高三英语二轮复习学案 重点语法各个击破
9. — Must he come to sign this paper himself? — Yes, he ________. A. need
B. must
C. may
D. will
10. — Could I have a word with you, Mum?
— Oh, dear, if you ____. A. can
B. must
C. may
D. should
11. — I think I will give Bob a ring.
— You ____. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages. A. will
B. may
C. have to
D. should
12. — May I smoke here?
— If you _______, choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should
B. could
C. may
D. must
13. — How is your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
— It ____ be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will A. can
B. would B. may
C. should C. must
D. must D. will
14. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ____ take care of your luggage. 15. — What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
— You _____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don’t have to
B. oughtn’t to
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
16. — What does the sign over there read?
—“ No person _____ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.” A .will
B. may
C. shall
D. must
17. — Turn off the TV, Jack. _____ your homework now?
— Mum, just ten more minutes, please. A. Should you be doing C. Couldn’t you be doing A. dare to say A. being checked
B. Shouldn’t you be doing D. Will you be doing C. not dare say C. to check
D. dared say D. to be checked
18. I wonder how he _________ that to the teacher.
B. dare saying B. checked
19. This page needs _________ again. 20. — Must I turn off the gas after cooking?
— Of course. You can never be ____ careful with that. A. enough A. Wish
6
B. too B. Can
C. so C. May
D. very D. Hope
21. ____ you succeed!