必修三知识点
Unit1 Festivals around the world
一、核心词汇：
Beauty beautiful beautify harvest celebration celebrate starve starvation origin original religion religious ancestor Mexico Mexican feast bone belief believe trick poet poem arrival arrive gain independence independent depend dependent dependence gather agriculture agricultural award reward rooster admire admiration energetic energy Easter clothing clothes cloth Christian Christ Christmas custom worldwide fool foolish permission permit parking park apologize apology drown drowning sadness sad obvious obviously wipe weep remind forgive forgave forgiven
二、重点语法：情态动词
Can与could，can与be able to, may和might, must和have to ,shall和should,will和would
三、重点知识点：
1. mean
1) mean+ to do打算,意欲
2) mean+ n/ pron/that从句---意思
3）mean+ v-ing意味
meaning (n) 意思 meaningful (a) 有意义的
2. celebrate (v)
celebration (n) 庆祝活动
hold a celebration/ celebrations
3. take place
不用于被动语态
take sb’s place/ take the place of sb= replace sb
take place 指经过安排的事情
happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生
break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发
4. would+ v 过去常常…
5. starve
starve for 急需
starve to death 饿死
6. Some festivals are held to honor the dead, or satisfy the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.
1) v 尊敬,给以荣誉
2) in honor of 为了纪念
A festival is set to honor/ in honor of the hero.
Do harm to sb= harm sb
Do more harm than good
7. in memory of 纪念,悼念…
8. arrive (v)
arrival (n)
The arrival of the plane has been delayed.
9. gain (n/ v)
I gained a lot from my teacher.
No pains, no gains.
10. gather
1) A lot of people gathered to see what had happened.
聚集,集合 (vi)
2) The student gathered a lot of information about the hero.
收集 (vt)
11. award 奖励
reward 回报,报酬
He received an award of 1,000 dollars.
He was awarded a medal for his excellent work.
12. admire
admire sb for sth
They admired our garden.
I admired him for his success in business.
13. look forward to(介词) + n/ v-ing
I’m looking forward to his coming.
--ward 向着…方向
backward 向后
forward 向前
14. As though/ if 好象
15. have fun with sb
Unit2 Healthy eating
一、核心词汇
diet nut bean pea cucumber eggplant pepper mushroom peach lemon balance barbecue mutton roast fry ought bacon slim curiosity hostess raw vinegar lie customer discount weakness strength consult fiber digest carrot debt glare spy limit limited benefit breast garlic sigh combine
二、重点语法：
情态动词：shall, should, should+have+过去分词，ought to have +过去分词，ought to, have to, must和have to的否定式，need, use to和 would 比较
三、重点知识点：
1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语
eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间)
Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因)
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果)
2. His restaurant ought to be full of people.
Ought to 1) to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
Eg.She ought to look after her child better.
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
2)ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有…
Eg.You ought to have come yesterday.
3.He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil. 过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。
= which were cooked in the hottest oil.
Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
4.Nothing could have been better.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.
Eg.I have never seen a better film.
There is nothing I like so much as playing football.
5.Tired of all that fat?
Tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
Tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.
Tired from 因…而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.
6. get away with sth./doing sth.
a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
7. lie 谎言，说谎
1）The program was full of lies.
2) He lied to his wife so that he could come home late.
8.Perhas he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
earn one’s living by… =live by…=make a living by…靠…谋生
eg. He earned his living by begging from door to door.
9.He didn’t look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
Be in debt 欠债。
Be out of debt 还清债务。
Be in sb.’s debt 欠某人人情。
Eg. Saving my life, I am forever in your debt.
10.She didn’t look happy but glared at him.
Glare at 怒视，带有敌意
Eg. “How could you do that？”he said, glaring at his mother.
Glance at 扫视
Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.
Stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着
Eg.She stared at him in surprise.
11.Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings, fatty pork and cola.
Agree to (do) sth. 表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排”
Eg.He agreed to their proposal.
He agreed to get someone to help us.
Agree with sb. 同意某人
Eg.I agree with every word you said.
Agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见
Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.
12.But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?
虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。例如：
If I were you, I should study English better.
If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
13. spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见，间谍
1) 暗中监视；侦查。 It is impolite to spy into other people’s windows.
2) 看见，发现。 He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.
14.before long 和long before
1)before long是介词短语，在句子中作状语，意思为：“不久后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时连用。如：I shall visit you again before long.
2)long before是副词短语，意思为：“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。如：
He had taken a doctor’s degree long before.
Before不仅可以用作副词，还可以用作介词或者连词，这时long before…的意思为: “早在…之前”。如：He had come to America long before the war.
Unit3 The Million Pound Bank NoteUnit3
一、重点词汇：
unbelievable birthplace patience silly indeed adventure tiny author wander bay loneliness fault character spot unpaid playwright rude
二、重点语法：宾语从句和表语从句
三、重点知识点：
1. go ahead
(1) 进行；发生
The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的建设将会按照计划进行。
(2) 前进；继续做
Despite the bad weather, they still went ahead with their plans. 尽管天气不好，他们仍按计划继续前进。
(3) 取得进展，取得进步
He is always going ahead. 他一直在进步。
(4) (祈使句) 做吧，请吧
— May I start now？我可以开始了吗？
— Yes, go ahead.好，开始吧。
2. stare at 注视，盯着看
He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 我盯着那个词看，想要回忆起它的意思。
It’s rude to stare at other people. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
3. find sb/oneself done/ doing/adj/n/prep-phrase
When day broke, I found myself in a small village. 破晓，我发现我身处在一个村庄里。
I found myself lying on the bed. 我发现我躺在床上。
He found himself surrounded by many students. 他发现他被许多学生围着。
He found himself walking in the direction of the park. 他发现他正在往公园的方向前行。
I found him difficult to get along well with. 我发现他很难相处。
4. spot spotless spotted
(1) v. (用眼睛)挑出，察出，认出
I spotted her in the crowd. 我从人群中认出了他。
(2) v 使……染上斑点；点上污点
The ink spotted her white shirt. 我把她的白色衬衫上弄上了污点。
(3) n 斑点；污点；圆点
She had spots on her face when she was ill. 她生病的时候，脸上出现了斑点。
(4) n 地点；场所
This is a nice spot for a house. 这是一个建房子的好地方。
5、order
① n 叫/要的菜
May I take you order now? 您的菜点好了吗？
② n 顺序，次序
The books are arranged in order of size. 书籍按尺寸码放。
③ n 命令
Soldiers must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。
We did it on his order. 我们奉他之命做了那件事。
④ v 命令
The officer ordered his soldiers to march. 长官命令他的士兵前进。
⑤ v 预订，订购
I have ordered a new computer from the shop. 我从商店里订购了一台新电脑。
I’ve ordered a steak. 我点了一份牛排。
6. take a chance 碰运气
As for whether he will win the game or not, we must take a chance. 对于他能否取胜，我们只能碰运气。
7、 manner n
① 方法；方式
Why are you talking in such a strange manner? 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？
② 态度；举止
He talked to her in a very rude manner. 他很粗鲁地和她说话。
③ 礼貌，礼节；风俗，习俗
It's bad manners to talk with a mouth full. 嘴里有食物时说话不礼貌。
You should have good manners all the time. 你应该时时刻刻都讲礼貌。
These are the manners and customs of the Chinese. 这些是中国人的风俗习惯。
(4) genuine adj 真正的； 真实的；名副其实的
We cannot make sure it is a genuine painting. 我们不能确认它是一幅真画。
● 辨析：
◆ genuine指物品的来历或性质同所说的是一致的。如:
a genuine antique 一件真古董。
genuine knowledge 真知；真正的知识
◆ real adj 真实的； 真正的；指从外表看来不是虚假或伪造的
That is a real dog, not a toy. 那是一条真狗，而不是一个玩具。
◆ true adj 意为“真实的；确实的；确切的” 指符合实际情况。
It is true that he has won the prize. 他确实赢得了奖品。
Is it true that he is rich? 他很富有，是真的吗？
8、 in rags穿着破旧衣服；穿得破破烂烂的(状态)
The old man is in rags. 那个老人穿得破破烂烂的。
9、 indeed adv
① 的确是；实在是；当然
— Did you hear the explosion last night? 你昨晚听见爆炸声了吗？
— Indeed I did. 我确实听到了。
② (表示惊奇、反语等)真是的；的确
— I earn $1000 a day. 我一天赚一千美元。
— — Indeed? 真的吗?
10、from the bottom of one’s heart 衷心地，真诚地；发自内心地
It was a request from the bottom of my heart. 这是我发自内心的请求。
拓展：
break one’s heart 让某人伤心 learn sth by heart 记住
heart and soul 全心全意地 lose heart 失去信心
lose one’s heart to sb = fall in love with sb 爱上某人
unit4
一、核心词汇
theory system unlike harmful article exist prevent surface
explode gradually method disappointed through burst into
rumor religion atmosphere oxygen exhaust spaceship biology thus puzzle gravity satellite gentle physical climate crash float
二、重点语法
主语从句
定义:在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句.
第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
（4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.
（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.
（6）Whatever you did is right.
（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.
（8）What we need is time.
（9）What we need are good doctors.
小结:
（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略
（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9
第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末
（1）It is certain that he will win the match.
（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.
（4）It is strange that he should do that.
（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.
（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.
（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)
（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.
（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.
（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)
（13）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there)
小结:
（1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句.
（2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11.
主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的，下面从它们的各自用法，介绍：）~
一．主语从句
主语从句定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
What you said yesterday is right.
二：宾语从句的几个特征：1、引导词：what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where
2语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。
如：I think that you must work harder.
宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。
(1)表达时间的几个句型：一般用when或者是what time：
What time will the train leave?
由于时刻都是固定的，也可以用一般现在时代替一般将来时：
What time does the train leave?
(2)时间的表达方式：8：19(nineteen past eight),7:57(three to eight)，在时间的中间也可以加上分的单词(minutes)
(3)had better +动词原型。意思是提要求，建议。但是上下级不能用这种方式，因为语气太重：
You had better give up smoking .
(4)sb leave sth +地点
I left my book in my classroom yesterday.
(5)may I have your name(address\age)?一般询问对方的年龄、名字等，不要习惯以前的问法，这样很不礼貌，而是要采访上面的问法。以前的习惯是：how old are you? \what's your name?
(6)修饰名词的代词次序：限-描-大-形---年---颜----籍----物--------类+名词：
this is a bridge.
This is a beautiful bridge
补充：从句的语序永远是陈述句。
三、重要知识点
Solar system in time be harmful to lay eggs
give birth to prevent ... from … cheer up fall over
break out watch out now that depend on
in one’s turn block out on time carbon dioxide
get the hang of
必修三unit5
一、核心词汇
Minister continent baggage chat scenery surround harbor measure eagle border slight urban topic mixture maple frost confirm wealthy distance misty schoolmate downtown pearl approximately dawn workplace buffet broad nearby tradition terrify pleased impress impressive quiz
二、重点语法
同位语从句
一．定义
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里。
二．常见的可以跟同位语从句的词（抽象名词）
news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），possibility等。如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三．常见引导词
英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that，whether，连接副词 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。）如：
l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.
I gave the girl a big doll ,exactly what she longed to have.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：
Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
几年以后，有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况。如：
The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
（同位语从句，即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
（定语从句，从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用，即“他告诉我的”那个消息，而不是别的消息。）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。（that在从句中不充当任何成份。）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
（that在从句中作gave的宾语。）
三、重要知识点
Prime minister rather than chat with settle down
Manage to do sth. Catch sight of have a gift for
In the distance as far as figure out go downtown
Look over take a plane by plane by air
In/on/to the north
选修七unit1
一、核心词汇
Disability hearing eyesight ambition ambitious dictation noisy
Suitable entry clumsy outgoing adapt bench microscope absence fellow annoy annoyed firm software tank tortoise psychology encouragement conduct fulfilling politics abolish resign slavery literature companion assistance congratulate graduation certificate architect adequate access accessible impair basement exit meet with approval dignity profit community
二、重点语法
复习不定式
动词不定式的形式：
1.不定式作主语
⑴原则上，可用动词不定式直接作句子的主语，通常用it作句子的形式主语，而把不定式移到后面，形成“It + 谓语… +动词不定式…”的句型。如：
To catch the 5：00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea.
It is not a good idea to catch the 5：00 bus early in the morning.
To learn a foreign language well takes painstaking efforts.
It takes painstaking efforts to learn a foreign language well.
⑵若要说明不定式的动作的执行者，可以在不定式前面加上“for + 名词或代词”结构，或是“of + 名词或代词”结构。
It is a great pleasure for me to talk with him. It is very kind of you to help me .
⑶可用于“of + 名词/代词 + 动词不定式”结构中作主语补足语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。这些词如：careful， cruel， foolish， bold， brave， good， honest， kind， rude， polite， nice，stupid， selfish， silly， wicked， wise， thoughtful， wrong等。
2.不定式作宾语
不定式作宾语有两种情况：一是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，二是“动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。
⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构：常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有afford， appear， agree， ask， believe， decide， demand， desire， fail， hope， intend，learn， mean， offer， promise，refuse， wish等。如：I can‘t afford to buy a house.
⑵“动词+疑问代（副）词+不定式”结构：常见的这类动词有advise， decide， forget， know， learn， remember， see， tell， think， teach， wonder，discover， understand， guess， explain等。这类疑问代（副）词what， when， which， where， how， whether等（不包含why）。如：
She does not know how to go there. He will tell you how to deal with it.
⑶在不定式作宾语时，有时我们会使用it作形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面。如：
They consider it inappropriate to have classes in the evening.
(4) 可以作形容词的宾语。这一类形容词有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious等。例如：
I’m determined to give up smoking.
He is willing to help us.
(5) 在tell, advise, allow, forbid, learn, show, decide等词的后面常用“连接词+不定式”作宾语。例如：
We must decide whether to go or stay.
I don’t know how to get in touch with him.
3.不定式作表语
不定式作表语时，主语通常是一个名词，不定式短语或者从句。
The boss‘s plan is to start building the skyscraper immediately. To work means to earn a living. What you have to do is to push the button.
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语相当于一个定语从句，它修饰以下几类名词：
⑴由动词派生或转化而来的名词，它们所对应的动词通常有不定式作宾语。这类名词主要有：attempt， claim， decision， plan， promise， intention， need，resolution，tendency， wish， failure， threat等。
Another attempt to climb the mountain will be made next month.
In his speech he expressed his determination to achieve the goal.
⑵由可能与不定式搭配的形容词派生出来的名词。这类名词主要有：anxiety， patience， ability， willingness， ambition等。
Her eagerness to learn a foreign language obvious.
⑶不定式作定语还可用来修饰代词something， anything， everything， nothing.不定式做后置定语。
Do you have anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）
Do you have anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else）
She has everything to lose and nothing to gain.
⑷由only， last， next，序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语。
Jim is the only student to answer the question correctly in his class.
You are the last to undertake the blood test.
⑸不定式常作为定语修饰there be结构的真实主语。在there be结构中，用来修饰主语的不定式有时用主动形式，有时用被动形式。当说话人考虑的是必须有人完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式。如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须被完成时，不定式则用被动形式。例如：
There is a lot of work to do.（Somebody has to do the work.）
There is a lot of work to be done.（The work has to be done.）
⑹有些抽象名词。主要有：reason， right， time， effort， chance， way等。如： the time to go to school， the way to get to the clinic， the chance to win the game.
(7)如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.
I have something to say.
He has a lot of homework to do .
He is looking for a room to live in .
There is nothing to worry about.
不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，即使是及物动词，不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。
Please give me a pen to write with.
不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。
He had no money and no place to live. 他没钱没地方住。
(8)不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：
1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。
2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。
3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. 我们都有上大学的机会。
5.不定式作状语
不定式作状语相当于一个状语从句，表示形为的目的、结果或原因。
⑴表示目的。在这种情况下，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语。
He stayed there to see what would happen.
在强调不定式目的状语时，不定式前可加in order， so as等。如：
She asked me to drive her to the airport in order to catch the 5：00 plane.
He moved the TV set to the meeting-room so as to let everyone watch it.
⑵用so……as to……， such （……） as to……， enough to……， too……to， only to等表示结果，如：
Have you got enough room to seat all of us？
She is too weak to join us in the outing.
⑶将不定式移到句首表示条件，如：
To hear the teacher better， you have to sit in the front. = If you are to hear the teacher better，……
⑷与形容词连用时，大多表示原因。这些形容词主要有：happy， kind， surprised， frightened， angry， shocked， glad， delighted， grieved，disappointed等。
They were surprised to be informed of the news. I‘m glad to hear this.
6、独立结构
? to be frank,
? to be honest,
? to tell the truth
7、关于小品词to
(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.
eg: Would you like to go with me ? I’d like to .
(2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省.
eg: Would you like to be a teacher? I’d like to be.
? 不定式与疑问词who, which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。
He didn’t know what to say.他不知道说什么。(宾语)
How to solve the problem is very important.如何解决这个问题很重要。(主语)
My question is when to start.我的问题是什么时候开始。(表语)
? 在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。
Why not have a rest?
8、 固定句型:
? had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事
? Why (not) do sth.?
? …prefer to do/prefer doing
? …prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B
? …prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B
? …would rather (not) do sth.
? …would rather do A than (do) B
? …would rather + 句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）要做……
动词不定式的时态和语态
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing
1.如果不定式所表示的动作与主要谓语动词所表示的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生或发生在主要谓语之后，通常用不定式的一般形式。如：
I saw him go out.
I‘m glad to see you.
2.如果不定式所表示的动作发生在主要谓语动词或特定的时间之前，不定式就要用完成式。如：
I intended to have telephoned you， but I forgot to.
I should like to have bought a dictionary.
3.不定式进行式表示主要谓语动词所表示的动作发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在发生。如：
I am glad to be talking with you. She pretended to be listening attentively.
4.不定式完成进行时表示的是一个开始于过去某一时刻但一直延续到谓语动词发生的那一时刻的动作。如：
He was thought to have been working on the project for two years.
5.不定式的被动语态
当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，这个不定式要用被动式，包括它的各种时态在内。如：
She doesn‘t like to be treated as a guest.
她不喜欢被当作客人对待。
They want their TV set to be fixed right now.
他们想把电视机马上修好。
There are a lot of things to be done.
有许多事要做。
This is the text to be read next time.
下次就读这篇课文。
注意：有些习惯用法中，只能用主动语态。如：
The house is to let.
这房子要出租。
A lot of work still remains to do.
许多工作有待去做。
(1).They pretended not to see us.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.)
(2). He pretended to be sleeping. (在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行)
(3).She pretended to have known it before.(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
(4).We’re happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)
不带to 的不定式
1.表示感觉的动词
五看see，notice，watch，observe，look at 三使have，let，make 二听hear，listen to 一感觉feel
He noticed the man enter the room.他注意到有人进屋了。
They observed her do the experiment.他们观察她做实验了。
2.help后的不定式可以带to也可以不带to.
Can you help me （to） clean up after the meal？饭后你能帮我洗碗吗？
3.有些类似于情态动词的词语（如rather than， had better， would rather， might as well等）之后，不定式不带to.如：
We might as well go without him. 我们可以不让他跟去。
You‘d better go now. 你最好现在走。
4.不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.
(1). She could do nothing but cry.
(2). I have no choice but to go.
(3).What do you like to do besides sleep
三、重要知识点
Meet with access to all the best in other words
Adapt to cut out out of breath all in all
Sit around as well as in many ways make fun of
Never mind
选修7
Unit 2 Robots
一：核心词汇
fiction desire satisfaction bonus alarm alarmed sympathy overweight elegant favour pile scan fingernail absurd haircut accompany cushion bedding necklace clerk counter awful affair armchair declare cuisine envy digital grand receiver affection bound biography holy part-time staff navy junior biochemistry talent chapter theoretical framework thinking divorce obey disobey assessment
二、重点知识点与短语
1、test out 考验出；检查完
2、Ring up 给...打电话
3、Turn around 转身，翻转
4、Leave....alone 不管；别惹；让...一个人呆着；和...单独在一起
5、Set aside 将...放在一边；为...节省或保留（钱或时间）
6、In all 一共；总共
7、Be bound to do 一定做...
8、Search for 寻找
9、Be based on.... 以....为基础
10、Put out 推出；生产出
11、Deal with emergencies 处理紧急情况
三、核心语法：复习被动语态（一）
Unit3 Under the sea
一、核心词汇：
Anecdote, annual, witness, accommodation, shore, offshore, opposite, yell, pause, telescope, teamwork, dive, flee, drag, depth, lip, urge, abandon, shark, relationship, conversation, jog, seaside, net, target, tide, dimension, reflect, pure, cell, aware, vivid, neat, seaweed, narrow, flashlight, suck, tasty, grey, scare, shallow, steep, boundary, Antarctic, awesome, seal, pension,pensioner
二、重点知识点与短语
1、Help...out 帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难
2、Be/become aware of 对...知道、明白；意识到
3、Upside down 上下翻转
4、(be) scared to death 吓死了
5、Be about to do sth 即将做某事
6、In the meantime 与此同时
7、Hold up 举起；支撑
8、In danger of 有...的危险
9、Share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
10、Be a witness to... 是...的目击证人
11、Make accommodations for... 为...提供膳食
12、Keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做...
三、核心语法：复习被动语态（二）
Unit 4 Sharing
一、核心词汇:
Airmail, fortnight, roof, muddy, textbook, concept, weekly, relevant, remote, weed, rectangle, rectangular, adjust, platform, broom, tin, jar, sniff, participate, interpreter, grill, otherwise, privilege, paperwork, arrangement, toast, comb, astronaut, angle, catalogue, donate, voluntary, purchase, anniversary, seed, sew, ox, trunk, tractor, click, tailor, political, distribute, distribution, security, operate, clinic
二、重点知识点与短语
1、hear from 收到...的来信
2、（be）dying to 渴望
3、The other day 不久前的一天
4、Dry out （使浸水等之物）完全变干；干透
5、Dry up （指河流、井等）干涸
6、In need 在困难中；在危机中
7、Trunk library箱式图书馆
8、Sewing machine 缝纫机
9、Be made of 由...制成
10、Up to 多达；直到...;胜任；由...决定
三、核心语法：
Unit5 Traveling abroad
一、核心词汇：
Motherland, visa, queue, cafeteria, lecture, qualification, preparation, recommend, shopkeeper, idiom, comfort, substitute, academic, requirement, essay, tutor, draft, numb, acknowledge, contradict, autonomous, occupy, enterprise, apology, seminar, videophone, bachelor, routine, minibus, optional, cage, bark, battery, drill, oilfield, agent, travel agent, parallel, abundant, govern, destination, inn, tomb,
二、重点知识点与短语
1.adjust to （doing sth）适应
To 做介词的常见搭配： devote...to 致力于
Get down to 着手 lead to 导致，造成
look forward to 期望 pay attention to refer to 涉及，想到
2.keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
3. fit in 适应相融合
4.as far as one is concerned 就....而言
5.be occupied with 忙着做忙于某事
6.day in and day out 日复一日
7.out of the question 不可能不值得讨论的
8.settle in 安顿下来
9.contradict oneself 自相矛盾
三、核心语法：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
