浅谈数学归纳法的应用
摘 要
数学归纳法是数学上证明与自然数N有关的命题的一种常用的方法,它主要用来研究与正整数有关的数学问题,基本思想就是将无限化为有限。数学归纳法在数学的各个分支中都有着广泛的应用,包括整除问题、恒等式证明、公理证明、排列和组合、以及几何领域等等。在本论文中,首先,我们介绍数学归纳法的由来、基本思想、基本步骤、以及近年来的发展趋势;其次,针对各类数学问题给予实例以展示数学归纳法的应用;最后,通过各类实例应用总结、归纳出在应用数学归纳法时的一些技巧和方法,以便可以更加深刻的理解和掌握数学归纳法的“归纳——猜想——证明”这一探索发现的思维方法。
关键词:数学归纳法,猜想,证明,结论
The Application of Mathematical Induction ABSTRACT Mathematical induction is a method that related to the natural number m witch is lager than every whole number N. It is mainly used to study math problems related to the positive integer, the basic idea is to infinite to limited. Mathematical induction in every branch of mathematics has a wide range of applications, including divisible problems, identity certificates, certificate of axiom, permutations and combinations, and geometric fields and so on. In this thesis, first of all, we introduce the origin of the mathematical induction, basic thought, basic steps, and in recent years, the trend of development. Secondly, according to all kinds of mathematical problem give examples to show the application of mathematical induction. Finally, through various examples application summary, induces some skills in the application of mathematical induction and method, so as to more profound understanding and grasp of mathematical induction "induction - guess - proof" the discovery of thinking method. KEY WORDS: Mathematical induction, guess, proof, conclusion
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