MATLAB课程设计报告
《MATLAB课程设计》报告
设计题目： MATLAB课程设计（简单计算器） 学生姓名：
学生学号： 201004444300 专业班级： 光信息
答辩时间： 2013-12
指导教师： 冯明库
广东技术师范学院
电子与信息学院
一、设计目的及意义
1、运用MATLAB实现MATLAB的GUI程序设计。
2、熟悉和掌握MATLAB 程序设计方法。
3、掌握MATLAB GUI 程序设计。
二、设计任务及指标
要求利用MATLAB ＧＵＩ设计实现一个图形用户界面的计算器程序，要求实现：
A. 具有友好的用户图形界面。实现十进制数的加、减、乘、除、乘方、取模等简单计算。
B. 科学计算函数，包括(反)正弦、(反)余弦、(反)正切、(反)余切、开方、指数等运行。
C. 能够保存上次历史计算的答案，先是答案存储器中得内容。
D. 有清除键，能清除操作，并对不正确的表达式能指出其错误原因。
E. 独立存储器功能，使之可以直接输入存储器，可与存储器中的数值相加减。能够清除独立存储器中的内容。
三、设计过程
1.启动MATLAB
2.观察MATLAB窗口的各个组成部分
1)了解菜单栏各菜单功能，用鼠标打开MATLAB各个菜单，在状态栏里显示当前鼠标所指的菜单项的含义。
2)用鼠标指向常用工具栏的每个工具按钮，了解其含义。
3、题目分析，了解各显示框的分布和功能，然后在通过各个按钮的回调函数，实现简单的计算功能。
4、总体设计，首先用MATLAB GUI功能，在绘制一个静态文本框和一个文本编辑框，以及每个命令按钮，调整好各控件大小、颜色，整体布局。
5、具体设计，实现各功能界面设计。
四、结论及分析[2]
4.1 各功能界面设计
4.2 各功能模块实现
算法设计：
A. 数字键设计：0—9以及小数点函数都一样，只是参数不同： global jj
textString=get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0) set(handles.text1,'String','1')
else
textString=strcat(textString,'1');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end jj=0;
B. 四则运算函数：
textString=get(handles.text1,'String');
textString=strcat(textString,'+');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
C. 科学计算函数：
textString=get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a=strread(textString, '%f');
a=sin(a);
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
D. 退格键：通过取屏幕值，计算出其字符长度，然后取其前N-1项的值来实现退格：
global jj
textString=get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
ss=char(textString);
l=length(textString);
textString=ss(1:l-1);
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end jj=0;
E. 清屏键函数：
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
4.3 各模块实现结果
A. 数字键：
B. 四则运算函数:
经过计算，这些结果均与实际结果相吻合，计算器的功能实现的较为完好。 问题和解决方法：
a. 小数点可以连续输入。解决方法是：用strfind函数查看文本框里有几个小数点，如果已经有一个了，再按小数点就保持不变。
b. 按过运算符号后一个数不等于一个数，比如：输入1，按等号，会出来一个3，经过长时间分析得知，这是由于在按运算符号时，系统记录了文本框里的数但没有清空，才会出现这种问题。解决方法是再申请一个不同于加减乘除的另一个符号，并将按过运算符后记录的数值置0。
五、设计体会
通过本次的MATLAB课程设计，让我对MATLAB尤其是其GUI设计的功能有了进一步的了解，认识到了它功能的强大。在MATLAB简单计算器的设计中，了解了关于MATLAB图形用户界面的部分控件的使用方法；利用MATLAB的GUI提供的很多实用的控件，方便用于设计属于自己的图形界面。
参考文献：
[1]刘卫国编著.MATLAB程序设计与应用（第二版）.2006.7
[2]王洪元主编.MATLAB语言及其在电子信息工程中的应用 清华大学出版社 程序清单：
定义函数
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
gui_Singleton',
gui_Singleton, ...
gui_OpeningFcn', @calc_OpeningFcn, ...
gui_OutputFcn', @calc_OutputFcn, ...
gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:}); else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before calc is made visible.
function calc_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to calc (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for calc handles.output = hObject; % Update handles structure guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes calc wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
set(handles.text1,'String','0.');
jj=0;
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line. function varargout = calc_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT); % hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure varargout{1} = handles. output;
按键0响应（按键0-9响应程序一样）
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
%eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data(see GUIDATA)
global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)
set(handles.text1,'String','0')
else
textString =strcat(textString,'0');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end jj=0;
%按键‘/’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton13.
function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved-to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
textString =strcat(textString,'/');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
%按键‘(’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton14.
function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved-to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','(')
else
textString =strcat(textString,'(');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end
%按键‘*’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton15.
function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved- to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) %end textString = get(handles.text1,'String'); textString =strcat(textString,'*'); set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
%按键‘)’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton16.
function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved- to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String',')')
else
textString =strcat(textString,')');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end
%按键‘-’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton17.
% case '-'
% ans=pushbutton20-c;
% case '+'
% ans=pushbutton20+c;
%
% end ans =eval(textString);
set(handles.text1,'String',ans)
end
%按键‘+’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton19.
function pushbutton19_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20
future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
textString =strcat(textString,'+');
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end
%按键‘sin’响应 % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton21.
function pushbutton21_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton21 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=sin(a); set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘cos’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton22.
function pushbutton22_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton22 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=cos(a); set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘tan’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton23.
function pushbutton23_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton22 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=tan(a);
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘log10’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton24.
function pushbutton24_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton23 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=log10(a); set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘sqrt’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton25.
function pushbutton25_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton24 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=sqrt(a);
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘+/-’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton34.
function pushbutton34_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton34 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved-to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=0-a;
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
% 按键backspace响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton27.
function pushbutton27_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton18 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved-to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global jj
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)&(jj==0)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
ss=char(textString);
l=length(textString);
textString=ss(1:l-1);
set(handles.text1,'String',textString)
end jj=0;
%按键‘X^2’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton31.
function pushbutton31_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in pushbutton20 future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=a*a;
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘C’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton28.
function pushbutton28_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton28 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
%按键‘cot’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton30.
function pushbutton30_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton30 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String');
%strcmp(textString,'0.')
if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=cot(a);
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end
%按键‘log2’响应
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton48.
function pushbutton48_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to pushbutton48 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB % handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
textString = get(handles.text1,'String'); %strcmp(textString,'0.') if(strcmp(textString,'0.')==1)
set(handles.text1,'String','0.')
else
a = strread(textString, '%f');
a=log2(a);
set(handles.text1,'String',a)
end