初中英语八种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；
②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：①be动词； ②行为动词
否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首； ②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本结构：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
一般疑问句：have或has。
六、过去完成时：
概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
时间状语：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
基本结构：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑问句：had放于句首。
七、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
八、过去将来时：
概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.
否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。
Ⅱ. 几种常見时态的相互轉换
英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相轉换，以下是几种常見的轉换形式：
一、一般过去时与现在完成时的轉换
在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语連用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用別的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对應的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间連用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
二、一般现在时与现在进行时的轉换
在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态轉换。请看：
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
三、现在进行时与一般将来时的轉换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语連用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：
The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon.
四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的轉换
“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：
We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday
一般现在时
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
一般过去时
1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2. Mike ___________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So he ____ (get ) up late.
3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
4. There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
5. I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
6. I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
7. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
8. Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
9. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
10. She watches TV every evening. But she ____________ (not watch) TV last night.
11．________ your father ________ ( go ) to work every day last year?
12．--What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday?
--We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.
13. What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now?
一般将来时
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. –_____ you _____ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?–________. （不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper?– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
现在进行时
1）Jack is_____with Jim.T hey are good____.
A:running;friend; B: running;friends; C:runing;friends D:run;friend's
2）Look! Mary____doing____homework.
A:is;one's B:is;her C:are;his D:are;her
3）The Greens____supper now.
A:is having B:are;having C:is haveing D:are;having
4）The children are____ TV.
A:watch B:seeing C:watching D:reading
5）Are the boys looking at the blackboard? Yes, they____.
A:aren't B:do C:don't D:are
6）There's ____girl,s he is very tall.
A:second B:two C:a second D:all second
过去进行时
1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.
A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding
2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.
A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked
3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.
A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking
4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.
A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared
5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked
6.---Hey, look where you are going! ---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.
A. I ' m not noticing B. I wasn ' t noticing C. I haven ' t noticed D. I don ' t notice
将来进行时
1.They with us for the time being .
A. will stay B. would stay C. have been staying D. will be staying
2.The car at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o’clock tonight .
A. would go B. went C. will be going D. goes
3.Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because
A. he must have a class B. he will be teaching a class
C. he teaches a class D. he will have been teaching a class
4.He his meals in the hotel when he lives here.
A.will have been eating B.will be eating C.will have eaten D.will be eaten
5.This time next week I’ll be on vacation .Probably I on.
A.am lying B. have lain C.will have lain D.will be lying
现在完成时
1. Mr. Dong _______ actually _______ in Kowloon Walled City since he was very young.
A. have …lived B. has…lived C. have…live D. has …living
2. ----Do you know Yao Ming very well?
----Of course !.I _________a lot of news about him on TV so far.
A. read B. am reading C. have read D. reads
3. ---Now Nanjing is so beautiful that I can’t recognize it when I came back.
---Yes. Great changes _______________ in the past ten years.
A. has taken place B. have taken place C. took place D. take place
4.--Where is my English book ? --I __________it here but I can’t find it now.
A. putted B. have just put C. was putting D. am putting
5. It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you _______ cooking dinner yet, Sandy.
A. didn’t start B. haven’t started C. don’t start D. won’t start
6. Mother ____me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.
A. had made…have tried B. made…have tried C. has made…tried D. made…tried
过去完成时
1．I lost the book I ＿＿＿＿．
A．have bought B．bought C．had bought D．had been bought
2．The bus had gone when I ＿＿＿＿ at the bus stop．
A．have arrived B．arrived C．had arrived D．am arriving
3．Tom ＿＿＿＿ of visiting his grandmother，but the bad but the bad weather made him change his mi．
A．has thought B．thought C．had thought D．had been thought
4．—Did you meet Tom at the airport？ —No，he ＿＿＿ by the time I ＿＿＿ there．
A．has left；got B．had left；arrived C．left；arrived D．left；had got
5．—Why didn't Tom attend the meeting yesterday？ —He ＿＿＿＿ Beijing．
A．has gone to B．had gone to C．went to D．had been to
综合训练题
1. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
2. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
3. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
4. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
5. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
6 We often ___________ (play) in the playground.
7. He _________ (get) up at six o'clock.
8. ________ you __________ (brush) your teeth every morning?
9. What ________(do) he usually ________ (do) after school?
10. Danny ____________ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.
11. Mike sometimes __________ (go) to the park with his sister.
12. At eight at night, she ____________ (watch) TV with her parents.
13. ________ Mike _________ (read) English every day?
14. How many lessons _________ your classmate _________ (have) on Monday?
15.What time _________ his mother _________ (do) the housework?
16. There __________ not enough people to pick apples that day. ( be)
17. There _____________( be not) any hospitals in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.
18. There ____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there?
19. Eli ____________ to Japan last week.( move)
20. –When _______ you _________ (come) to china?Last year.
21. Did she ________ (have) supper at home?
22. Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now.
23. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?
24. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term?
25. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.
26. There __ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I ___ (have) no time to watch it
27. Last year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.
28. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)
( ) 1. ________ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are
( ) 2. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
( ) 3. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving
( ) 4. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote
( ) 5. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back
( ) 6. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.
A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine
( ) 7.--Do you have a red pen? Which of the following is wrong? --____.
A:Yes; I have one B:Yes,I have it C:Yes,I do D:Sorry,I don't
( ) 8.--Excuse me. May I borrow a pen, please? --____.
A:It doesn't matter; B:Thank you; C:Certainly,here you are; D:Not at all.
( ) 9. The boy is late for class. So he says tO the teacher,"________".
A:I'm sorry B:Excuse me, May I come in? C:Let me in, D:I don't want to be late.
( ) 10. I don't want a red apple. I want____.
A:green apple B:a green C:a green one D:one green
( ) 11. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?– No, _____ （不去）.
A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.
( ) 12. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.
A. was traveling B. traveled C. had been traveling D. was to travel
( ) 13. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had B. had been having C. have been having D. was having
( ) 14.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.
A. was speaking B. spoke C. had been speaking D. had spoken
( ) 15. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ”
“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home. ”
A. just thought B. have just been thinking C. was just thinking D. have just thought
( ) 16.I won’t be able to watch the concert on TV because I homework at that time.
A.shall have done B.shall be doing C.shall do D.shall have doing
( ) 17.I my father-in –law at three this afternoon.
A.shall be seeing B.shall be seen C.shall have been seeing D.shall have seen
( ) 18. “He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he learn?” “Last year”
A.learned…has B. learned…did C. has learned…has D. has learned…did
( ) 19. Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !
A. has get…is B. has climbed…was C. got …was D. climbed…is
( ) 20. ____ you _____ the text _____ ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.
A. Did…copy…yet…did B. Have…copied…already…have
C. Have…copied…yet…did D. Did …copy…ever…had
( ) 21. ---Have you got the plan ready ______? ---No,_________.
A. already , not yet B. yet , not yet C. already , I haven’t D. ever , not yet
( ) 22．—I ＿＿＿＿ to come to help you． —But you didn’t come．
A．have meant B．had meant C．meant D．will mean
( ) 23．Finally Mary was admitted by Beijing University，for which she＿＿＿ five times．
A．had tried B．was trying C．has tried D.tried
( ) 24．—I have bought you the books you want． —Oh，good，I ＿ afraid you had forgotten．
A．was B．am C．had been D．have been