1
Something wonderful in a disaster
On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed．It happened a few minutes past three, when my husband, Chris, fell from his horse as it jumped over a fence．Chris was paralyzed from the chest down, unable to breathe normally．As he was thrown from his horse, we entered into a life of convenience with lots of unexpected challenges．We went from the "haves" to the “have-nots"．Or so we thought.
Yet what we discovered later were all the gifts that came out of sharing difficulties．We came to learn that something wonderful could happen in a disaster ．All over the world people cared for Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in every day．By the end of the third week in a medical center in Virginia, about 35,000 pieces of mail had been received and sorted. As a family, we opened letter after letter．They gave us comfort and became a source of strength for us．We used them to encourage ourselves．I would go to the pile of letters marked with "Funny" if we needed a laugh, or to the "Disabled" box to find advice from people in wheelchairs or even in bed living happily and successfully.
These letters, we realized, had to be shared．And so here we offer one of them to you. Dear Chris,
My husband and I were so sorry to hear of your riding accident last week．No doubt your family and your friends are giving you the strength to face this technical challenge．People everywhere are also giving you best wishes every day and we are among those who are keeping you alive.
Yours Sincerely,
Nancy Reagan
一、生词注解
1. paralyzed ['p?r?laizd] adj. 瘫痪的，麻痹的
2. chest [t?est] n.胸，胸腔；柜子，橱
3. challenge [?t??lind?] n挑战；质问
4. pour [p?:r] vt.灌，倒，注 vi.倾泻，流出
5. pile [pail] n.一堆，一叠 v.堆积
6. technical [?teknik?l] a.技术的，工艺的
二、词汇拓展
1.doubt
【导学】 1)n. 怀疑，疑惑，不相信;
have no doubt that… 毫不怀疑，毫无疑心
there's no doubt that… 这毫无疑问....
without doubt 无疑地，确实地；
2)vt. 怀疑，不信任
I don’t doubt that… 我毫不怀疑…
I doubt whether/if… 我怀疑…
【例句】
1)He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.
他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。
2) I have no doubt that he will turn up on time.
我确信他会准时到来。
3) There is no doubt that the opera will be performed in the Beijing Forbidden City this month. 这台歌剧本月一定会在紫禁城上演的。
4) I don't doubt that he will win.
我不怀疑他会赢.
5) I doubt if/whether he will win.
我怀疑他能否赢。
【随练】
1)毫无疑问，他是称霸日本的高尔夫球手。(without doubt/ golfer )
____________________________________________________.
2) 我怀疑我们是否能够按时到达。 ( I doubt whether/if…)
____________________________________________________.
3)毫无疑问，学生应当养成良好的习惯。（there is no doubt that…）
____________________________________________________.
2. alive
【导学】
1) adj. 活着的;现存的
catch sb. alive 活捉…
2)adj. 热闹的;充满的
be alive with… 充满着…
【例句】
1) The injured man is unconscious but still alive.
受伤的人不省人事但仍活着。
2) The town was alive with rumors.
镇上谣言四起。
【随练】
1)当他到达时，城里非常热闹。(alive)
____________________________________________________.
2)这名逃犯是上周五夜里被活捉的。（the convict at large/ catch…alive）
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析：
1. care for
【辨析】care for 和care about
care for 多表示“照顾”，“喜欢”
care about 多表示“在乎”，“关注”，“关心”
【例句】
1) She doesn ’t care for that colour．
她不喜欢那种颜色。
2) He spent years caring for his sick mother．
他数年中一直在照顾生病的母亲。
3) Don't you care about this country's future?
难道你不为国家前途担忧吗?
【随练】
1) 我不计较价钱，只要车很好用就行了。(care about)
____________________________________________________.
2) 你要喝咖啡还是喝茶?(care for)
____________________________________________________.
2.by the end of
【辨析】by the end of , in the end, at the end和on end
by the end 到??为止
in the end 最后，结果
at the end 终了时
on end 连续地
【例句】
1) He works three days on end.
他连续工作了三天。
2) At the end of the street you'll find it.
到街道的尽头,你就会看到了。
3) If you persevere with work, you'll succeed in the end.
你如果把工作坚持下去，最终会取得成功的。
【随练】
1) 一连好几天连续下雨。（on end）
____________________________________________________.
2)会议结束时他做了一个令人兴奋的演讲。（at the end of）
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. All over the world people cared for Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in every day．
【归纳】so…that…引导结果状语从句，表示“如此…以致…”,使用时要注意其倒装方式，如：
This book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it. 这本书很有趣，人人都想看看。 ==So interesting is the book that everyone wants to read it.
注意：so that…通常用于引导目的状语从句，表示“为了、以便…”, 如：
They got up early so that they could catch the early bus.
为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。
2. I would go to the pile of letters marked with "Funny" if we needed a laugh.
【归纳】the pile of letters marked with …其中marked with 为过去分词作定语，相当于定语从 句 that were marked with…。注意体会现在分词与过去分词作定语的差别：
boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水 developed countries发展的国家 developing countries 发展中国家 fallen leaves 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子
changed condition 改变了的情况 changing condition 变化着的情况
【随练】
1) Say slowly_______________________（好让我听明白）。.
2）__________________________（多数被邀请来参加聚会的学生）came from our school.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1) He is, without doubt, the greatest golfer in Japan.
2) I doubt if we can arrive on time.
3) There's no doubt that students should develop good habits.
2. 1) The city was all alive when he arrived.
2) The convict at large was caught alive on the night of last Friday.
三、短语辨析：
【随连】
1. 1)I don't care about the price, so long as the car is in good condition.
2)Would you care for coffee or tea?
2. 1)It has been raining for days on end.
2)He made an thrilling speech at the end of the meeting.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. so that I can understand you
2. Most of the students invited to the party
2
A way to be with customers
In the summer vacation of 1997, I was fixed with a job. I worked as a(n) assistant at Mr.
Breen’s fruit shop. The fruit shop did good business. Most of the trade came from the housewives who lived in the neighbourhood, but he also had regular customers who arrived outside the shop in cars . Mr Breen knew them all by name and they sometimes even had their order already made up , always getting me to carry it out to their car. They were clearly long-standing customers , and I suppose they must have stayed faithful to him because he had promised to sell good quality fruit. He had a way with them —I had to admit that. He called every woman “madam” for a start , even those who clearly were not, but when he said it , it did not sound like flattery . It just sounded polite in an old-fashioned way . He was a great chatter as well. If he did not know them , he would greet them with a few words about the weather , but if he did , he would ask about their families or make jokes, always cutting his cloth according to his customers. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence , and I am sure they thought he was very generous. But I thought he was the opposite. He never threw anything away. He was always looking for something for nothing.
一、生词注解
1. faithful ['feiθful] a.忠诚的；尽职的；如实的，准确可靠的
2. flattery ['fl?t?ri] n.奉承；谄媚的举动
3.odd pence 零钱
4.generous ['d?en?r?s]a.慷慨的；宽厚的；大量的，丰富的
二、词汇拓展
1. admit
【导学】
v. 允许进入，承认
admit sth. 承认…
admit doing sth. 承认做了某事 admit( to sb.) that… 承认…
be admitted to… 被…接纳 admit of… 允许…
【例句】
1) I must admit, it's more difficult than I thought it would be. 我必须承认，这比我想象的要困难得多。
2) He was admitted to the hospital suffering from burns. 他由于烧伤，被送入医院治疗。
3) His conduct admits of no excuse.
他的行为无可宽恕。
【随练】
1)这个句子可以有多种解释。
____________________________________________________.
2)她承认读过这封信。
____________________________________________________.
3)他向老师承认他错了。
____________________________________________________.
2.promise
【导学】
1) n. 诺言，约定，(有)希望，预示
make a promise 许下诺言
keep one's promose 保守诺言
break one's promise 打破诺言，说话不算数
2) v. 允诺，约定，预示，有可能
promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事
【例句】
1) I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.
我不相信他会如约前来访问。
2) She has high promise of a pianist.
她大有希望成为钢琴家。
3）I promise to return your bicycle on good condition. 我答应一定完好无损地还你的自行车。
【随练】
1）你本不应该许下这样的诺言的。（make a promise）
____________________________________________________.
2) 我父亲答应给我买辆新自行车，只要我通过这次考试。（promise to do sth.）
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析：
1. by name
【辨析】by name, in the name of 和name after
by name 名叫
in the name of 以?的名义
name after 以?命名
【例句】
1) Stop doing that, in the name of God!
看在上帝的分上,别干了!
2) She met a handsome boy, John by name.
她遇到了一位名叫约翰的英俊少年。
3) The child was named after its father, given its father's first name.
这个小孩以他父亲的名字而命名。
【随练】
1)她是依照我祖母的名字来命名的。(name after)
____________________________________________________.
2)你可以以我的名义从杰克那边借这本杂志。(in the name of)
____________________________________________________.
3)这位老师叫得出所有学生的名字。( by name)
____________________________________________________.
2. as well
【辨析】 as well和as well as
as well 同样，也
as well as 除?之外(也)，既?又; 和…一样好
【例句】
1) I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well.
我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。
2) Do you burn coal as well as wood on this fire?
你是不是用煤也用木头 生这炉火?
【随练】
1)我要来伦敦,我妹妹也会来。(as well)
____________________________________________________.
2)他既种菜也种花。(as well as)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. Whatever their bills came to, he always gave them back the few odd pence
【归纳】whatever 引导让步状语从句，此处相当于no matter what their bills came to. whatever 也可引导名词性从句，如：
You shouldn’t have believed whatever he said.
你本不该相信他所说的一切。
2. He was always looking for something for nothing .
【归纳】be always doing表示“总是在做着?”，表达说话人的一种感情，如赞扬或者批评 等。如：
My students are always studying hard.
我的学生总是在努力学习。
【随练】
1.Keep calm, ____________________(无论发生什么).
2. Goats eat_____________________（找到什么就吃什么）.
3. He____________________________(总乐于帮助身边的人).
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1)This sentence admits of several interpretations.
2)She admitted having read the letter.
3)He admitted to the teacher that he was wrong.
2. 1)You shouldn’t have made such a promise.
2)My father promised to buy me a new bicycle as long as I pass the exam.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)She was named after my grandmother.
2)You can borrow the magazine from Jack in the name of me.
3)The teacher knows all his students by name.
2. 1) I'm coming to London and my sister's coming as well.
2)He grows flowers as well as vegetables.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. whatever happens
2. whatever they can find.
3. is always helping the people around him
3
To give or not
When a rather dirty , poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg
for a few coins , do you hurry on , not knowing what to do , or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money ? What should our attitude to beggars be ? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories . It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from . It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars .
Certainly , most of the world’s great religions order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves .But has the world changed ?Maybe what was morally right in the old days ,when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help ,is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars .Let us look at their arguments.
First ,some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging .Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil.Secondly , there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer ,wine or drugs .Thirdly ,there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor ,but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.
Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people .Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.
It is hard to come to any final conclusion ; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently .A few coins can save a life in some situations , and even if the money is wasted ,that does not take way the moral goodness of the giver.
一、生词注解
1. religion [ri?lid??n] n.宗教，宗教信仰
2. morally ['m?:r?li] adv. 道德上地，道义上地
3. misfortune [mis?f?:t??n] n.不幸，厄运，逆境；不幸事故，灾难
4. pitiable [?piti?bl] a.引人怜悯的，可怜的
5. evil [?i:v?l] a.邪恶的，坏的 n.邪恶，罪恶，祸害
二、词汇拓展
1. sense
【导学】
1) n. 感觉，感官，理智，意义
common sense 常识(尤指判断力)
in a sense 在某种意义上
make sense 合理,可行;有意义,说得通
make sense of 理解…
sense of touch 触觉
sense of humor 幽默感
sense of responsibility 责任感
2) vt. 感觉，意识到，理解
sense sth. 感觉到…
【例句】
1) The horse sensed danger and stopped.
马感觉到了危险，于是停了下来。
2) It would make sense to leave early.
早点离开是明智的。
3）I'm afraid I haven't got a very good sense of directions, so I easily get lost.
恐怕我的方位感很差，因此我容易迷路。
【随练】
1)我丧失了味觉。
____________________________________________________.
2)你能读懂她的信吗？
____________________________________________________.
3)你所说的话在某种程度上有些道理。
____________________________________________________.
2. case
【导学】
n. 情况，实情，箱，案例
in case … 万一...
in case 以防万一
in case of sth. 万一…
in this/that case 在…情况下
in no case 绝不…
in any case 在任何情况下
look into the case 调查案子
【例句】
1) Ive got the key in case we w ant to go inside.
如果我们想进去,我有钥匙。
2) I don t think itll rain,but Illtake m y um brella,just in case.
我想天不会下雨,但我要带上伞,以防万一。
3) Turn off the TV set in case of thunderstorm.
在雷雨时,关上电视机。
4) In no case shall we allow smoking in the classroom.
教室里决对不允许吸烟。
5)There is a beautiful jewel case on the desk. (盒子)
盒子里有一件漂亮的珠宝。
6)This is a case of fever. (病例)
这是一个发热的病例。
【随练】
1)坐出租车去,免得开会迟到。（in case）
____________________________________________________.
2)你决不能违反纪律。(in no case)
____________________________________________________.
3)无论如何,你必须在放学前完成作文。(in any case)
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1. dealt with
【辨析】deal with 和do with
do with 表示“处置”、“忍受”、“相处”、“有关”等，常与what连用。
deal with 意义很广，常表示“对付”、“应付”、“处理”、“安排”、“论述”、“涉
及”等，常与how 连用。
【例句】
1) I don’t know how they deal with the problem .
我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。
2）We can’t do with such carelessness .
我们不能容忍这种粗枝大叶的作风。
3）I have nothing to do with him .
我跟他无任何关系。
4）They could properly deal with all kinds of situations .
他能恰当地应付各种局面。
【随练】
1）这是一本论述亚洲问题的书。(deal with)
____________________________________________________.
2） 我们将怎样来处理这个问题呢?( do with)
____________________________________________________.
3) 我想我们应该确定如何来对付这种情况。（deal with）
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. When a rather dirty , poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins , do you hurry on , not knowing what to do , or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money ?
【归纳】句中 poorly dressed 为过去分词作定语，修饰person，相当于a person who is poorly dressed. not knowing what to do 为现在分词否定式作伴随状语。体会下列现在分词作状语的用法：
1)"Can't you read?" Mary said angrily， pointing to the notice.（伴随）
“难道你不识字吗？”玛丽指着通知愤怒地说。
2)Having read the letter, she got very excited.（原因）
读过信后，她变得很兴奋。
3)Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.(原因)
不知道她的地址，我们无法与她取得联系。
4)His parents were killed in the accident, leaving him an orphan.（结果）
他的父母在事故中遇难，他成了孤儿。
5)When crossing the road, please be careful.（时间）
过马路时千万小心。
6)Working hard, you’ll get a good achievement.（条件）
努力学习你就能取得好成绩。
7)Working so hard, he failed again.（让步）
尽管他如此努力还是失败了。
【随练】
1.________________________（没有收到回复）, he decided to write another letter.
2. The bus was held up by snowstorm,________________________（导致延误）.
3. The children ran out of the room,________________________(高兴地说着，笑着。）.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1）I lost my sense of taste.
2）Can you make sense of her letter?
3）What you said is true in a sense.
2. 1) Take a taxi in case you are late for the m eeting.
2) In no case shall you break the rule.
3) You should finish your composition before school is over in any case.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)This is a book dealing with Asian problems .
2)What are we going to do with the problem?
3)I think we should make a decision on how to deal with this situation.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. Not having received an answer
2. thus causing the delay
3. laughing and talking merrily
4
The only choice
Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole, they found the Norwegians had beaten them in the race to be the first ever to reach it. After planting the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 50-mile journey back.
The journey was unexpectedly slow and the joy and excitement about the Pole had gone out of them. The sun hardly appeared. The snow storms always made it impossible to sight the stones they had set up to mark their way home. To make things worse. Evans, whom they had all thought of as the strongest of the five, fell badly into a deep hole in the ice. Having struggled along for several days, he suddenly fell down and died.
The four who were left pushed on at the best speed they could manage. Captain Oates had been suffering for some time from his frozen fact; at night his feet swelled so large that he could hardly put his boots on the next morning, and he walked bravely although he was in great pain . He knew his slowness was making it less likely that the others could save themselves. He asked them to leave him behind in his sleeping-bag, but they refused, and helped him on a few more miles, until it was time to put up the tent for another night.The following morning, while the other three were still in their sleeping-bags, he said. “I am just going outside and may be gone some time.” He was never seen again. He had walked out alone into the snow storm, hoping that his
death would help his companions.
一、生词注解
1. companion [k?m?p?ni?n] n.同伴，伴侣
2. Norwegian [n?:?wi:d??n] a.& n.挪威人(语)(的)
3. swell [swel] vi./ n.肿(膨)胀，鼓起；增多；波浪起伏
二、词汇拓展
1. sight
【导学】 n. 情景，景物，视力
lose one's sight 失明
in sight 看得见；在望
catch sight of 看见
at first sight 乍一看；初见
【例句】
1)All men are equal in the sight of God.
上帝对所有的人都一视同仁。
2) At the sight of his appearance on the stage, the hall rang with thunderous applause. 他一出场，礼堂里就掌声雷动。
3) The train is still in sight.
火车仍在视线内。
【随练】
1) 第一眼他就决定要买这一幅画。(at first sight)
____________________________________________________.
2) 一看到他古怪的穿着，我们就笑了。(at the sight of)
____________________________________________________.
2. manage
【导学】
v. 管理，经营，设法(对付)
manage to do表示成功地做成某事
【例句】
1) In spite of these insults, she managed not to get angry.
她尽管受到这些侮辱，还是忍著没发火。
2) How do you manage in your wheelchair?
你坐在轮椅上怎么游览呢
【随练】
1) 在他的父亲生病不在的时候，他管理公司。 (manage sth.)
____________________________________________________.
2) 我终于找到了一直在找的书。 (manage to do sth.)
____________________________________________________.
3. likely
【导学】
adj. 可能的，可信的
be likely to do sth. 有可能…
It’ likely that… 有可能…
【例句】
1) Some criminals are likely to offend again When they are released. 有些罪犯被释放后有可能重新犯罪。
2)It’s likely that our team will win the game.
很有可能我们队能赢得这场比赛。
【随练】
1) 他们很有可能推迟会议。（be likely to）
____________________________________________________.
2) 很有可能他不能应对这种尴尬的局面。（it’s likely that…）
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1.set up
【辨析】set up, set down, set off 和set out
set up 创立，建立，；竖立，架起，建造；开业
set down 写下，记下
set off 出发，启程；激起，引起
set out 动身，起程；开始
【例句】
1) How long will it take to set up the projector?
把这个放映机安放好需要多长时间?
2) I will set down the story as it was told to me.
我要把这听来的故事原原本本地记下来。
3) Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off. 这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。
4) If you want to catch that train we'd better set off for the station immediately. 你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们就最好马上动身去火车站。
5) They set out on the last stage of their journey.
他们开始了旅行的最後一程。
【随练】
1) 新政府于战后成立。(set up)
____________________________________________________.
2) 你怎麽不把你的想法写在纸上呢? (set down)
____________________________________________________.
3) 他开始着手粉刷整幢房子,可是只完成了前面的部分。(set out) ____________________________________________________.
2.put up
【辨析】put up, put up with, put on和put off
put up 建造；举起(提高)； 提供食宿
put up with 忍受
put on穿上,戴上；上演；增加(体重)
put off 推迟，推延
【例句】
1)They put up a tent by the fire.
他们在火堆旁搭起了一个帐篷。
2) We can put all of you up for the night.
我们可以安排你们所有人过夜。
3) I'm not going to put up with this!
我再也受不了啦！
4)The man put on his smock and went out.
那人穿上罩衫，然后走了出去。
5) If you eat a lot of sugar, you'll put on weight.
如果吃很多糖,体重就会增加
6) She keeps putting off going to the dentist.
她老是拖延著不去看牙病。
【随练】
1)在他获得详情之前,他没有急于作出决定。(put off)
____________________________________________________.
2)我不能再忍耐了。(put up with)
____________________________________________________.
3)我的家乡建造了一个造纸厂。(put up)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. To make things worse. Evans, whom they had all thought of as the strongest of the five, fell badly into a deep hole in the ice.
【归纳】to make things worse, 使事情更糟.类似表达还有：to make matters worse，what’s worse，worse still和even worse.
whom they had all thought of as the strongest of the five 为非限制定语从句，先行词为 Evans.引导非限制定语从句的引导词主要有：who, whom, which, when, where.
【随练】
1. It got dark, and_______________（更糟的是），it began to rain.
2. He was quickly taken to hospital, _________________ （在那里医生要检查他的腿）Mr King's legs．
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1) He managed the company when his father was away ill.
2) I finally managed to find the book I was looking for.
2. 1)They are likely to put off the meeting.
2) It’s likely that he cannot deal with the embarrassing situation.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1) He decided he wanted to buy the painting at first sight.
2) We laughed at the sight of his strange clothes.
2. 1)I can't put up with you any longer.
2)A paper factory has been put up in my home town.
3)He put off making decision till he had more information.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. what was worse
2. where a doctor wanted to examine
5
Empty Nest Syndrome
While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome”. In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, leaving their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response in time for their aged parents living by themselves.
The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon”, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “Empty Nest Syndrome”.
一、生词注解
1. geographical [d?i:??gr?fik(?)l] a.地理(学)的
2. phenomenon [fi?n?m?n?n] n.现象，迹象；非凡的人，特殊的事物
3. nest [nest] n.巢，窝 vi.筑巢
4. syndrome [?sindr?um] n.综合症状；一系列表现(事件等)
5. response [ri?sp?ns] n.回答，答复；反应，响应
二、词汇拓展
1.provide
【导学】
v. 供给，提供
provide sth．for sb． 为某人提供…
provide sb．with sth. 为某人提供…
【例句】
1) The hotel provides a reservation of tickets for its residents.
这家旅馆为旅客提供订票服务。
2) He provides his family with food and clothes.
他为家里提供了食物和穿衣。
【随练】
1)这本书将为我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide…with…)
____________________________________________________.
2)他给家人提供衣食。(provide…for…)
____________________________________________________.
2.common
【导学】
adj. 共同的，平常的，普通的
common sense 常识
common people 平民, 大众
have …in common 有…共同点
【例句】
1) He's not an officer, but a common soldier.
他不是军官而是普通士兵。
2) I have nothing in common with Jane.
我和简毫无共同之处。
【随练】
1)两姐妹没有什么共同之处。（have …in common）
____________________________________________________.
2)他被大众视为英雄。(common people)
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1.prevent…from
【辨析】prevent …from, keep…from和 stop…from
prevent sb. from doing sth. 防止...做什么(以预防为主)
stop sb. from doing sth.停止...做什么(已经在做了,要停止)
keep sb from doing sth. 制止...做…（from不可以省略）
protect sb. from being ...保护...免遭…（强调“保护”）
【例句】
1)The teacher wants to stop her students from jumping on the tables.
老师想阻止学生跳到桌子上去。
2) The teacher put a mat on the floor to prevent students from hurting themselves. 老师在地上铺上垫子，防止学生受伤。
3) The manager wants to protect her secretary from being fired.
经理不想让她的秘书被解雇。
【随练】
1)维生素C被认为能预防感冒。(prevent)
____________________________________________________.
2)我不让孩子们出去。(keep)
____________________________________________________.
3)戴墨镜可以保护眼睛不受阳光刺激。（protect）
____________________________________________________.
2.provide…with
【辨析】 provide…with 和supply …with
两者均可表示“供应；供给”，指对于缺乏或不足的事物进行补充或供给。
supply常与to／for或with连用，其结构是：supply sth．to／for sb．或supply sb．with sth.两者均可表示“供应；供给”，指对于缺乏或不足的事物进行补充或供给。
provide常与for或with连用，其结构是：provide sth．or sb．或provide sb．with sth.
【例句】
1)They supply food to／for the survivors．＝They supply the survivors with food.
他们供应食物给幸存者。
2) He provides food and clothes for his family.＝He provides his family with food and clothes.
他给家人提供衣食。
【随练】
1)那船装有雷达设备。(provide…with/ radar)
____________________________________________________.
2)我们的农场为市场提供水果和蔬菜。(supply…with…)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon”, which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries.
【归纳】in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents为定语从句，其先行
词为situation. which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries 为非限制定语从句，其先行词为distant parent phenomenon. 类似situation,其后定语从句 引导词常用in which或where的还有case, stage, point等。如：
The argument has come to a stage where we must sit down and have a heart-to-heart talk. 我们目前应当坐下来好好谈谈了。
【随练】
1. Can you imagine a situation________________________（你可以使用这个单词的情境）?
2. He may be busy, ___________case（如若如此）I’ll call later.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1) These books will provide us with all the information we need.
2) He provides food and clothes for his family．
2. 1) The two sisters have nothing in common.
2) He was regarded as a hero by the common people.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)Vitamin C is supposed to prevent colds.
2)I kept the children from going out.
3)Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun.
2. 1)The ship was provided with radar equipment.
2)Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. where/in which you can use the word
2. in which
6
My painful small decision
“Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.
Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.
Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold; First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow.
一、生词注解
1.prune [pru:n] vt.修剪，修整；删除，削减
2.fertiliz [?f?:tilaiz] vt.使肥沃；使多产
3.withdraw [wi??dr?:] vt.收回，撤消，撤退 vi.缩回，退出，撤退
4.productive [pr??d?ktiv] a.多产的，富饶的；富有成效的
二、词汇拓展
1. require
【导学】
v. 需要，要求，命令，规定
1)require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做…
2)require doing.==require to be done 需要被…
3)require sth. of sb. 向某人要求某物
【例句】
1) His wife required that I should tell him everything. 他的妻子要求我把一切都告诉他。
2) The room requires cleaning (to be cleaned).
房间需要打扫了。
3) They required him to keep it a secret.
他们要求他对这事保密。
4）I have done everything that was required of me.
一切要我做的事情我都已经做好了。
【随练】
1)全部会员均要求出席会议。（require…to do）
____________________________________________________.
2)你要求我做什么?( require…of sb.)
____________________________________________________.
3)这机器需要修理了。（require doing）
____________________________________________________.
4)老板要求人人参加会议。(require that…)
____________________________________________________.
2. offer
【导学】
1)n. 出价，提议
a special offer 特价
2)v. 提供，出价; 贡献，奉献
offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. 为某人主动提供… offer to do sth. 主动提供（做）… offer sth. for… 为某物出价…(钱)
【例句】
1) Thank you for your offer of help．
感谢你提议帮忙。
2) She offered too get some tickets for the students．
她主动提出要给那几个学生弄几张票。
3) Many people willingly offered their blood．
很多人自愿地要献血。
4) They offered him the motorbike for 3,000 yuan．
他们提出以3，000元的价格买他那辆摩托车。
【随练】
1)这是我们本周的特价。( special offer)
____________________________________________________.
2)他主动提出要把词典借给我。( offer to do sth.)
____________________________________________________.
3)校长要把雨衣借给我。( offer sb. sth.)
____________________________________________________.
4)他们愿意出8,000元来买他的笔记本电脑。(offer…for…) ____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1.take over
【辨析】take over, take on, take in, take off和take up
take over 接管
take on 呈现, 承担
take in 吸收，欺骗，接纳
take off 起飞，脱掉
take up 拿起，开始从事，占据，把?继续下去
【例句】
1) Has the party been taken over by extremists?
该党是否已被极端分子控制？
2) He is unwilling to take on heavy responsibilities.
他不愿承担重任。
3) The club took in a new member last week.
俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。
4) Come on, take off your things at once and make yourself at home. 来,把大衣脱掉,随便坐坐。
5) She took up the narrative where John had left off.
她接著讲约翰未讲完的故事。
【随练】
1)该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。(take over)
____________________________________________________.
2)他被这则广告给欺骗了。(take in)
____________________________________________________.
3)这次演出后他的事业开始腾飞了。(take off)
____________________________________________________.
4)那工作花费了他所有的时间。(take up)
____________________________________________________.
2. on one’s way
【辨析】on one’s way, by the way 和 in the way
on one’s way (to…) 在(去??的)路上
by the way 顺便地，附带地说说
in the way 挡道，妨碍某人
in this way 以这种方式
in a way 从某种意义上说
【例句】
1)He dropped at the clinic on his way to school.
在去学校的路上他顺便去了诊所。
2) By the way, do you live with your parents or have a place of your own? 顺便问一句，你是同父母一起生活还是自己生活?
3) No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way. 他确实是想帮忙，然而事实上却只是帮倒忙。
4) In this way，he has collected a great many stamps。
用这种方法他收集了大量的邮票。
5) In a way，it is an important book。
在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。
【随练】
1)顺便问一下,你知道邮局在哪儿吗?( by the way)
____________________________________________________.
2)应该这样做工作。(in this way)
____________________________________________________.
3)她的社交生活妨碍了学业。(in the way)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work.
【归纳】if it weren’t for 表示“要不是因为…”, 其主句时态为…would do. 如果是对过去的虚拟则用if it hadn’t been for…,其主句时态通常为would have done. 两种用法均相当于but for.如： If it hadn’t been for his help, we would have lost the game.要不是因为他的帮忙，我们就输掉了这场比赛。
2. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant.
【归纳】此句中 it was…that…为强调句型，其强调对象为 the space available in the garden.又如： It was in the garden that he found his lost MP4.他是在花园里找到丢失的MP4的。
【随练】
1._____________________ (要不是因为你的电话), I wouldn’t have participated in the meeting.
2. It___________________________ (是在8点钟) they arrived at the station last night.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1) All the members are required to attend the meeting.
2) What do you require of me?
3)The machine requires repairing（to be repaired）.
4)The boss required that everyone (should) attend the meeting.
2. 1) This is our special offer for this week．
2) He offered to lend me his dictionary．
3) The headmaster offered me her raincoat.
4) They offered him 8,000 yuan for the laptop．
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)The firm has been taken over by an American corporation.
2)He was taken in by the advertisement.
3)The work took up all his time.
4)His career began to take off after the performance.
2. 1)By the way, do you have any idea where the post office is?
2)The barrier should be overcome in this way.
3)Her social life got in the way of her studies.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. If it were not for your calling
2. was at eight o’clock that
7
Treasure your time
"Time," says the proverb, "is money". This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets.
If our time is usefully employed, it will either turn out some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. Let those, who think nothing of wasting time, remember this.
Our life is nothing more than our time. To kill time is therefore a form of suicide. We are shocked when we think of death, and we spare no pains, no trouble, and no expense to preserve life.
But we are too often indifferent to the loss of an hour or of a day, forgetting that our life is the sum total of the days and of the hours we live. A day or an hour wasted is therefore so much life forfeited. Our life is a brief span measuring some seventy or eighty years in all.
But nearly one third of this has to be spent in sleep; some years have to be spent over our meals; some in making journeys on land and voyages by sea; some in merry-making; some in watching over the sick-beds of our nearest and dearest relatives.
Now if all these years were to be deducted from the term over which our life extends, we shall find about twenty or thirty years at our disposal for active work. Whoever remembers this can never willingly waste a single moment of his life.
All time is precious; but the time of our childhood and of our youth is more precious than any other portion of our existence. For those are the periods when alone we can acquire knowledge and develop our capacities.
If we allow these morning hours of life to slip away, we shall never be able to recoup the loss. Just as money laid out at interest doubles and trebles itself in time, so the precious hours of childhood and youth, if properly used, will yield us incalculable advantages.
一、生词注解
1.capacity [k??p?siti] n.容量；才能，能力；身份，职位
2. indifferent [in?difr?nt] a.冷漠的，不关心的，不积极的；一般的
3. forfeit [?f?:fit] vt.(因犯罪等而)丧失 n.没收物
4. deduct [di?d?kt] vt.扣除，减去
5. disposal [dis?p?uz?l] n.丢掉，清除；排列，布置
6. portion [?p?:??n] n.一部分，一份 vt.分配，把…分给
7. recoup [ri?ku:p] v.重获，补偿
8. treble [?treb?l] a.三倍(重)的
9. incalculable [in'k?lkjul?bl] adj. 不可数的，无数的，无法预料的
二、词汇拓展
1.waste
【导学】
1)n. 浪费，废物，荒地
a waste of time(money)
2)v. 浪费，滥用，消耗
waste…on sth.
waste…in doing sth.
3)adj. 浪费的，无用的，荒芜的
waste gases 废气
【例句】
1) All his efforts were wasted.
他的所有努力都白费了。
2) It's only a waste of time to speak to her.
和她说话纯粹是浪费时间。
【随练】
1) 不要浪费太多的时间在网终上聊天。（waste time in doing sth.） ____________________________________________________.
2) 你本不应该浪费太多钱在这本小说书上的。（waste time on sth.） ____________________________________________________.
2. single
【导学】
1)adj. 单个的，单一的
single parent family 单亲家庭
a single ticket 一张单程票
single 未婚 married 已婚
2)n. 单个，单独
【例句】
1) I want a single ticket.
我要一张单程票。
2) Would you reserve a single for me?
请给我预订一间单人房好吗?
3) The child was the single survivor of the air-crash.
这孩子是那次飞机坠毁事故的唯一幸存者。
【随练】
1) 她终身未嫁。(remain single)
____________________________________________________.
2) 屋子里一个人都没有。(not a single person)
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1. turn out
【辨析】turn out, turn down,turn away ,和turn up
turn out 结果是;证明是
turn down 拒绝，调低，关小
turn away 把?打发走
turn up 开大，调大；出现，来到
【例句】
1)The party turned out to be very successful.
晚会结果开得很成功。
2) She asked her neighbor to turn down the radio.
她请求邻居把收音机关小点声。
3) Some refugees were turned away. There were too many hungry mouths to feed already. 一些难民们被打发走了，因为需要提供食物的饥民太多了。
4) Do you want me to turn up the heat.
你要我把暖气调高吗?
【随练】
1)你们的聚会搞得怎么样?（turn out）
____________________________________________________.
2)他的请求被老板拒绝了，但他并没有放弃。(turn down)
____________________________________________________.
3) 我们请她吃饭,但她没露面。(turn up)
____________________________________________________.
2.add to
【辨析】add up, add up to, add to, 和add… to
add up 加起来，总计
add up to 合计达，总括起来、意味着
add to 加；增加
add… to… 在…里增加…
【例句】
1) Add up 3, 4 and 5 and you'll get 12.
把三、四、五相加,总数是十二。
2) I don't think these facts will add up to anything.
这些事实我看不说明任何问题。
3) In addition, urban migrants add to the supply of labor.
此外,城市移民还增加了劳动的供应。
4) You may add some sugar to the coffee if you like.
喜欢的话可以在咖啡里加些糖。
【随练】
1)积小胜为大胜。(add up to)
____________________________________________________.
2)我对我先前说的话，没有什么补充的。( add to)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. Our life is nothing more than our time. To kill time is therefore a form of suicide.
【归纳】nothing more than表示“仅仅，只是”。又如： It was nothing more than a shower. 只不过下了场阵雨。
To kill time为动词不定式作主语的用法。可以用it 作形式主语：It is therefore a form of
suicide to kill time. 又如：To learn a foreign language well is not easy.学好外语不是件容易 的事。此外，动词不定式还有如下用法：
1) My wish is to become a teacher．我的愿望是当一名教师。（表语）
2) I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。(定语)
3) When to start has not been decided. 什么时候出发还没定下来。（和疑问词连用， 此 处为主语）
【随练】
1. It is____________________________________（只不过是杜撰的故事而已）.
2.____________________________ （说是一回事），to do it is another．
3. The question is______________________ (怎样做好这项工作).
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1)Don’t waste too much time talking on the Internet.
2)You shouldn’t have wasted so much money on the novel.
2. 1)She remained single till the end of her days.
2)There was not a single person in the house.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)How did your party turn out?
2)His request was turned down by the boss, but he didn’t give up.
3)We invited her to dinner but she didn't turn up.
2. 1)Many small victories add up to a big one.
2) I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. nothing more than a made-up story
2. To say something is one thing
3. how to do the job well
8
What is your recovery rate? How long does it take you to recover from actions and behaviors that upset you? Minutes? Hours? Days? Weeks? The longer it takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the less able you are to perform to your personal best. In a nutshell, the longer it takes you to recover, the weaker you are and the poorer your performance.
You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt, accept that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and respiratory system recovers after exercise. Likewise the faster you let go of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to an equilibrium, the healthier you will be. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople. They know that the faster they can forget an incident or missed opportunity and get on with the game, the better their performance. In fact, most measure the time it takes them to overcome and forget an incident in a game and most reckon a recovery rate of 30 seconds is too long!
Imagine yourself to be an actor in a play on the stage. Your aim is to play your part to the best of your ability. You have been given a script and at the end of each sentence is a full stop. Each time you get to the end of the sentence you start a new one and although the next sentence is related to the last it is not affected by it. Your job is to deliver each sentence to the best of your ability.
Don’t live your life in the past! Learn to live in the present, to overcome the past. Stop the past from influencing your daily life. Don’t allow thoughts of the past to reduce your personal best. Stop the past from interfering with your life. Learn to recover quickly.
Live in the present. Not in the precedent.
一、生词注解
1.nutshell ['n?t??el] 简言之；一言以蔽之
第 26 页 共 36 页 To live in the present
2. respiratory [ris?pai?r?tri] a.呼吸的
3.equilibrium [?i:kwi?libri?m] n.平衡
4.reckon vt.认为，估计；(on)指望；测算
5.interfering [?int??fi?] vi.(with，in)干涉，介入；妨碍，干扰
6.precedent [?presid?nt] n.先例，范例，判例；惯例
二、词汇拓展
1. aware
【导学】
adj. 知道的，意识到的
be aware of… 意识到…
be aware that… 意识到…
【例句】
1) Their sudden attack made us more aware of the danger around us. 他们突然的攻击使我们更加注意我们周围的危险。
2) Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat?
你知道你坐在我的帽子上了吗？
【随练】
1)我没有意识到。( be aware of…)
____________________________________________________.
2)我深知这是一件棘手的工作。( be aware that…)
____________________________________________________.
2. affect
【导学】
1)vt. 影响;对...发生作用
2) vt.使感动,使震动
be deeply affected 深受感动
3) vt. (病)侵袭;罹患
4) vt.假装,冒充
affect to do sth. 假装做…
【例句】
1) She was deeply affected by the news of her father's death. 她父亲去世的消息使她深受震动。
2) Her kidneys had become affected.
她的肾脏受到了感染。
3) Her kidneys had become affected.
她的肾脏受到了感染。
4) He affected not to see her.
他假装没看见她。
【随练】
1)气候影响了他的健康。
____________________________________________________.
2)他假装没有听见我。
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析：
1.allow …to
【辨析】allow …to , allow of 和allow for
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做…
allow of 容许，容许有?的可能
allow for 考虑到，顾及，为…留出余地
【例句】
1) It is too dark outside to allow of walking.
外面太黑了，不能出去散步。
2) We must allow for the train being late.
我们必须想到火车会晚点的。
【随练】
1) 这些事实不允许有其他解释。(allow of)
____________________________________________________.
2) 我们还是早些动身为好。我们要考虑到路上交通会有耽搁。(allow for)
____________________________________________________.
2. in fact
【辨析】in fact, in reality和as a matter of fact
四个词组均表示“事实上”，可以互换使用。
【例句】
1) In fact, I think you're right.
事实上，我认为你是对的。
2) In reality, things always happen out of expectation.
现实中，事情总是出乎意料地发生。
3) As a matter of fact, I'm from Taiwan.
没错,我是台湾来的。
【随练】
1) 实际上,图中有好几只猫。(in fact)
____________________________________________________.
2) 每个人都喜欢这位陌生人,其实他却是个罪犯。( in reality)
____________________________________________________.
3) 事实上我从未到过那儿。( as a matter of fact)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. How long does it take you to recover from actions and behaviors that upset you?
【归纳】it takes sb. …to do sth. 表示“花费某人…来做某事”。
又如：It will take a long time before people accept such an idea.要很长时间人们才会接 受这样的观点。
2. Each time you get to the end of the sentence you start a new one and although the next sentence is related to the last it is not affected by it.
【归纳】此外each time为表示时间的名词词组，可以用来引导时间状语从句。类似的用法
有every time, the moment, the minute, the instance.又如：
The moment I get the car, I’ll go and pick you up.
一得到车我就去接你走。
【随练】
1.It _______________________ (花了他们两周的时间)prepare the celebration.
2.My uncle brings me a book of great significance___________________（他每次来看我时）.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1)I wasn't aware of that.
2)I am well aware that this is a tough job.
2. 1)The climate affected his health.
2)He affected not to hear me.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1) The facts allow of no other explanation.
2)We'd better start earlier. We should allow for traffic delays.
2. 1)In fact, there are several cats in the picture.
2)Everyone likes the stranger, but in reality he is a criminal.
3) As a matter of fact, I've never been there before.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. It took them two weeks to
2. every time he comes to visit me
9
The beauty in our life
The love of beauty is an essential part of all healthy human nature. It is a moral quality. The absence of it is not an assured ground of condemnation, but the presence of it is an invariable sign of goodness of heart. In proportion to the degree in which it is felt will probably be the degree in which nobleness and beauty of character will be attained.
Natural beauty is an all-pervading presence. The universe is its temple. It unfolds into the numberless flowers of spring. It waves in the branches of trees and the green blades of grass. It haunts the depths of the earth and the sea. It gleams from the hues of the shell and the precious stone. And not only these minute objects but the oceans, the mountains, the clouds, the stars, the rising and the setting sun—all overflow with beauty. This beauty is so precious, and so congenial to our tenderest and noblest feelings, that it is painful to think of the multitude of people living in the midst of it and yet remaining almost blind to it.
All persons should seek to become acquainted with the beauty in nature. There is not a worm
we tread upon, nor a leaf that dances merrily as it falls before the autumn winds, but calls for our study and admiration.
The power to appreciate beauty not merely increases our sources of happiness - it enlarges our moral nature, too. Beauty calms our restlessness and dispels our cares. Go into the fields or the woods, spend a summer day by the sea or the mountains, and all your little perplexities and anxieties will vanish. Listen to sweet music, and your foolish fears and petty jealousies will pass away. The beauty of the world helps us to seek and find the beauty of goodness.
一、生词注解
1. essential [i?sen??l] a.必不可少的；本质的，基本的
2. condemnatio [?k?ndem?nei??n] n.谴责，定罪
3. proportion [pr??p?:??n] n.比例；部分，份儿；均衡，相称
4. all-pervading [p??veid] v.弥漫，普及
5. haunt [h?:nt] vt.常出没于；使苦恼；萦绕 n.常去的地方
6. hue [hju:] n.色彩，色调
7. congenial [k?n?d?i:ni?l] a.相宜的
8. multitude [?m?ltitju:d] n.大量，许多[the～]大众，民众
9. acquaint [??kweint] vt.(with)使认识，使了解，使熟悉
10. perplexity[p??pleksiti] n.困惑，茫然
二、词汇拓展
1. sign
【导学】
1) n. 符号，手势，迹象，招牌
2) v. 签，做手势，做标记
sign one”s name签名
sign to sb (not) to do sth. 示意某人(不)做某
【例句】
1) Dark clouds are a sign of rain or snow.
乌云是雨或雪将至的预兆。
2) She signed her name to the document.
她在文件上签了名。
【随练】
1)他到处找寻他的手表，但不见任何踪影。（sign of …）
____________________________________________________.
2)当我走进父亲的书房时他做手势让我不要讲话。 (sign to sb. not to do sth.) ____________________________________________________.
2. appreciate
【导学】
1)vt.欣赏,赏识
2)vt.感谢,感激
appreciate sb doing sth. 感谢某人做某事
I'll appreciate it if you… 如果您能…我会十分感激
I deeply appreciate your kindness. 我深深感谢你的好意。
【例句】
1)Her talent for music was not appreciated.
她的音乐才能无人赏识。
2)They deeply appreciated his kindness.
他们对他的好意深表感谢。
3) We shall appreciate hearing from you again.
能再次收到你的来信，我们将十分感激。
【随练】
1)如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。（I would appreciate it if…） ____________________________________________________.
2)我们欣赏音乐未必意味着我们知道如何演奏音乐。( appreciate sth.) ____________________________________________________.
3)我们非常感谢您能通知我闪这次会议。(appreciate sb. doing sth.) ____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1.call for
【辨析】call for, call up, call on, call at和call off
call for要求，需要; 接（人）
call up 打电话(给);召集;使人想起
call on 访问，拜访；号召
call at 拜访后面接地名
call off 取消
【例句】
1) Jane will call for you tomorrow morning.
简明早去接你。
2) Forgive me so early to call up you please.
请原谅我这么早给你打电话。
3) She can still call up scenes of childhood.
她仍能想起儿时的情景。
4) I shall call on you next week.
我下星期去看你。
5) They called at my house yesterday.
昨天他们到我家。
6）The meeting was called off.
会议已取消了。
【随练】
1) 这是个迫切需要解决的问题。（call for）
____________________________________________________.
2) 我要去看望我的一位老同学。(call on)
____________________________________________________.
3）足球赛为什么取消?( call off)
____________________________________________________.
2. listen to
【辨析】listen to 和listen for
listen to 听
listen for注意倾听(期待的声音等)
【例句】
1) For over two hours, her arrival had been listened for.
足足有两个多小时，人们一直等待着听她到来的声响。
2) It is a waste of time to listen to his insignificant talk.
听他那些废话纯属浪费时间。
【随练】
1) 她在山顶上大声喊着，然后聆听着回声(echo)。(listen for)
____________________________________________________.
2) 你每天晚上都听那样的新闻.(listen to)
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. And not only these minute objects but the oceans, the mountains, the clouds, the stars, the rising and the setting sun—all overflow with beauty.
【归纳】not only…but also表示“不但…而且”，此处引导并列主语，其谓语动词的单复数 确定遵循就近原则。
Not only his parents but he himself has seen the film many times.
不仅他的父母，就他本人也看了这部电影好多次。
其引导从句时，not only 后的成分采用疑问倒装。
Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison.
== The poor man had not only been arrested but he had (also)been sent to prison.
2. Listen to sweet music, and your foolish fears and petty jealousies will pass away.
【归纳】此为祈使句+and 的句型。相当于If you listen to sweet music, your foolish fears and petty jealousies will pass away.
此外，祈使句+or 的句型，如：
Work hard, or you’ll fail again.
【随练】
1.___________________________（我不仅去过公园）,but also I went to the Fobbiden City.
2. _____________________(放松自己), and you can enjoy the entertainment.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1)I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.
2)If we appreciate music, it doesn't necessarily mean that we know how to play it ourselves.
3)We greatly appreciate your informing us of the meeting.
2. 1)He looked for his lost watch everywhere, but there was no sign of it at all.
2)Father signed to me not to speak when I came into his study.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.
2)I'm going to call on one of my former classmates.
3)Why was the football match called off?
2. 1)She shouted on the mountaintop and listened for the echo.
2)You always listen to such news every evening.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. Not only did I go to the park
2. Relax yourself
10
Just do it
Each spring brings a new blossom of wildflowers in the ditches along the highway I travel daily to work.
There is one particular blue flower that has always caught my eye. I've noticed that it blooms only in the morning hours, the afternoon sun is too warm for it. Every day for approximately two weeks, I see those beautiful flowers.
This spring, I started a wildflower garden in our yard. I can look out of the kitchen window while doing the dishes and see the flowers. I've often thought that those lovely blue flowers from the ditch would look great in that bed alongside other wildflowers. Everyday I drove past the flowers thinking, "I'll stop on my way home and dig them." "Gee, I don't want to get my good clothes dirty..." Whatever the reason, I never stopped to dig them. My husband even gave me a folding shovel one year for my trunk to be used for that expressed purpose.
One day on my way home from work, I was saddened to see that the highway department had mowed the ditches and the pretty blue flowers were gone. I thought to myself, "Way to go, you waited too long. You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring."
A week ago we were shocked and saddened to learn that my oldest sister-in-law has a terminal brain tumor. She is 20 years older than my husband and unfortunately, because of age and distance, we haven't been as close as we all would have liked. I couldn't help but see the connection between the pretty blue flowers and the relationship between my husband's sister and us. I do believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful memories that will bloom every year for us.
And yes, if I see the blue flowers again, you can bet I'll stop and transplant them to my wildflower garden.
一、生词注解
1. ditch [dit?] n.沟，渠道
2. bloom [blu:m] n.花；开花(期)；青春焕发(的时期) vi.开花
3. approximately [??pr?ksim?tli] ad.近似地，几乎正确地
4. shovel [???v?l] n.铲；单斗挖掘机 v.铲，铲起；大量投入
5. mow [m?u] v.割(草)
6. tumor [?tju:m?, ?tu:-] n.肿瘤，肿块
7. transplant [tr?ns?plɑ:nt, -pl?nt] vt.移栽；移植；使迁移 n.(器官)移植
二、词汇拓展
1. particular
【导学】
1)adj.特定(别)的
in particular 具体地说
2)adj.挑剔的
be particular about… 对…很挑剔/苛求
【例句】
1) In particular ,he was criticized for pursuing a policy of conciliation and reform. 具体说，他由于奉行一种调节和改革的政策而受到批评。
2）She is particular about what she eats.
她过分讲究吃。
【随练】
1) 她特有的微笑给我留下了美好的印象。
____________________________________________________.
2)他对所要结交的朋友很挑剔。（be particular about…）
____________________________________________________.
2. spring
【导学】
1) n. 泉; 泉水; 春天; 弹簧
2) v. 跳,跃弹起; 弹开,反弹; 飞快地行动
spring up 突然出现,涌现
【例句】
1) A suspicion sprang up in his mind.
他的脑中突然产生了一些疑问。
2) The lid sprang open.
盖子啪地一声弹开了。
3) He sprang to his feet and rushed out of the room.
他跳起身奔出了房间。
【随练】
1)这一地区电脑商店正如雨后春笋般崛起。(spring up)
____________________________________________________.
2)春天，天气越来越暖和。
____________________________________________________.
三、短语辨析
1. look out of
【辨析】look out of 和look out for
look out of 从 ... 朝外看
look out for 密切注意，提防，小心，留神
【例句】
1) Look out of the window, I see a lot of children play and yell.
我从窗口往外张望时，看到许多小孩一面玩耍一面叫嚷。
2) FBI is on the look out for the agent these days.
这些天联邦调查局正在注意那个特工。
【随练】
1) 她向窗外望去，看见邮递员正从小道上过来。(look out of)
____________________________________________________.
2) 你检查作业时要当心拼写错误。( look out for)
____________________________________________________.
2. cannot help but do sth.
【辨析】cannot help but do sth., cannot help do sth.和cannnot help doing sth.
cannot help but do sth. 不能不，不得不
cannot help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁，忍不住做某事
【例句】
1）The graduate couldn’t help but accept the occupation.
这位毕业生别无选择只能接受这个职业。
2）I am sorry I cannot help clear up the table because I have to meet a friend now.
对不起我不能帮忙收拾餐桌，我得去见一位朋友。
3）He couldn't help laughing when he heard the news.
听到这则消息,他禁不住笑了起来。
【随练】
1)我们不得不从黎明走到黄昏。(can’t help but)
____________________________________________________.
2)听到那不幸的消息，我忍不住大哭起来。（ can’t help doing）
____________________________________________________.
四、语法点拨
【例句】
1. I can look out of the kitchen window while doing the dishes and see the flowers.
【归纳】while doing the dishes and see the flowers.为省略，相当于while (I am) doing the dishes
and see the flowers. 在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，主、从句主语一致，且从句中 有be动词时，可以将从句中的主语和be动词一并省去。又如： You’d better keep silent unless (you are ) asked. 除非问到你，否则闭口。
2. I do believe that God has given us some time left to plant some wonderful memories that will bloom every year for us.
【归纳】I do believe中的助动词do起到强调谓语动词believe 的作用。根据时态和主语单 复数的需要确定使用do, does,或 did。
【随练】
1．____________（一旦受伤）, the soldiers would be sent to the nearby hospital immediately.
2．________________ (务必记住要振作)even when you are frustrated.
参考答案:
二、词汇拓展
【随连】
1. 1)Her particular way of smiling left a good impression on me.
2)He is very particular about the friends he wants to make.
2. 1) Computer stores are springing up all over the place.
2) In spring, the weather becomes warmer.
三、短语辨析
【随连】
1. 1)She looked out of the window and saw the postman coming up the path.
2)Do look out for spelling mistakes when you check your work.
2. 1)We could not help but walk from dawn to dusk.
2)I couldn't help crying when I heard the bad news.
四、语法点拨
【随连】
1. Once wounded
2. Do remember to cheer up