Translation Summary

1.

对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。有的人认为对未来应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备；有的人则认为不用过多考虑未来，因为未来难以预料。(map out; brace oneself for; uncertainty)

Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university. Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future, because future is full of uncertainties.

2.

经过仔细检查，这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。虽然知道自己将不久于人世，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是准备好好利用剩下的日子，争取加速推进由他和同事们共同发起的那个研究项目，以提前结项。(tick away; make the best of; have a shot at)

After a very careful check-up, the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease. Although he knew that his life was ticking away, instead of complaining about the fate, the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days, and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated, and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule.

3.

起初， 我们觉得这两起案件的性质很难确定，但在了解了它们之间有令人惊奇的微妙相似之处后，我们逐渐掌握了这起凶案的证据， 找到了一些破案的线索，最终将几个嫌犯关押起来，直到他们在法庭上受审。(bear resemblance to; marvel at; hold sb. captive; clue to)

At the beginning we found it hard to determine the nature of the two cases, but once the intricate resemblance they have bore to each other, a thing to be marved at, in itself, had revealed itself to us, we came into our own and soon obtained some clues to the mystery of the murder. We eventually held several suspects captive till they were tried in the court.

4.

管理层不愿意用解聘或训斥的方法来惩罚偷懒的工人，他们想出了一个激励工人的才智和干劲的办法：凡提前一个月完成工作份额的工人将被授予“优秀工作者”称号并获得5,000元奖金，以表彰他们对高速公路工程建设所做出的突出贡献。(tell off, in appreciation of; contribution to)

While the management have refused to punish loafers by firing them or telling them off, they do come up with a way of eliciting the workers’ talent and effort: Those who finish their work one month in advance will be rewarded with the title of “outstanding worker” and a bonus of ￥5,000 each, in appreciation of their outstanding contribution to the expressway construction project.

5.

随着婚礼的临近，苏珊变得非常焦虑。她说不清楚是什么让自己如此烦恼。在同好友凯特长谈了一次后，她才意识到，尽管自己已经28岁了，但在情感方面还不够成熟，还没有为婚姻做好准备，也不知道这桩婚姻是否会给自己带来美满的家庭生活。 (pin down; guarantee)

As the wedding ceremony was approaching, Susan had become quite anxious. She could not pin down what exactly was troubling her. After a long talk with her close friend Kate, she realized that, although she was 28 years old, she was not emotionally mature enough to be ready for marriage and she was not sure whether the marriage would guarantee her a happy family life.

6.

她知道中国学生总是不愿意表达自己的情感和想法，这不仅仅因为他们对自己的英语口语不够自信，还因为他们相信稳重是一种美德。因此她特意设计了一些简单的话题，鼓励学生参与讨论，让他们增强自信心，拉近彼此间的距离。 (shy away; engage sb. in)

She knew that Chinese students had a way of shying away from revealing their feelings or opinions, due not merely to their lack of confidence in spoken English, but to their belief in the virtue of modesty. So she specially conceived a couple of simple topics and engaged them in the discussion, in order that they might become more confident and closer with each other.

7.

我们根本就看不懂他们的计划书，因为他们的观点不太容易把握。这很可能是因为我们双方对于另一方的思维方式都感到同样的困惑。我认为应该安排一次面谈，让大家消除误会，扫除沟通的障碍。(make of; come to grips with; it’s a safe bet that; as baffled … as)

We couldn’t make of their proposal at all, because it was no easy job for us to come to grips with their perspective. It was a safe bet that we were as much baffled about their way of thinking as they were about ours. I think we need to arrange a meeting to clear up misunderstandings and to remove communication barriers. 8.

这个月我们的销售额下降了60%。我们的代理商做事向来麻利，我们从不担心他们会完不成我们委托(entrust...with)的任务。但这次不知是什么原因，我们折腾了几个星期才敲定的周密计划竟然泡汤了，给我们带来了巨大的损失。我们不但要弥补损失，还要从中吸取一些教训。 （in such a fashion that; occupy; fall apart）

This month, our sales dropped by 60 percent. Our agent conducts business in such a fashion that we don't need to worry about their competence in fufilling the task we entrust them with. But for some unknown reasons, our thoroughly worked-out plan, which had occupied us for weeks, has fallen apart, with great losses to make up for and some lessons to learn.

9.

Josh shivered as he checked the address on the slip of paper in his hand. He’d never been to Joanne’s, but knew it by reputation, not because of its food, which had often been maligned, or its jazz orchestra, which had a guest slot for a well-known movie director who played trumpet, but because of the stellar quality of its sophisticated guests: politicians, diplomats, movie actors, hall-of-fame athletes, journalists, writers, rock stars and Nobel Prize winners – in short, anyone who was anyone in this city of power brokers.

乔希打了个冷战，他打开手里的纸条核对了一下地址。之前他没来过乔安妮餐厅，但对于它的鼎鼎大名却早有耳闻，倒不是因为这里的饭菜有多美味，其实这里的菜品屡遭恶评，也不是因为这里的爵士管弦乐队有一位知名电影导演客串吹小号，而是因为这里汇集了有头有脸的宾客，可以说是星光璀璨，他们中有政客、外交家、电影明星、载入名人堂的体育明星、记者、作家、摇滚明星、诺贝尔奖得主等等——总之，这里的每一位客人都是这座权力之城里的一个人物。

10.

The Swedes and the Saudis in this true story have different concepts of the role of personal relationships in business. For the Swedes, business is done with a company; for the Saudis, with a person whom one has learned to know and trust. As long as one does not know another person well enough it is convenient to have present an intermediary or go-between, someone who knows and is trusted by both parties. At the root of the difference between these cultures is a fundamental issue in human societies: the role of the individual versus the role of the group.

在这个真实的故事中，瑞典人和沙特人在企业经营的人际关系角色方面有着不同的理解。对于瑞典人而言，生意是和公司打交道，而对沙特人，却是和一位他已经了解并且信任的人。只要一个人不够了解另一个人，那么一位了解双方并被信任的中间人的出席就会使事情变得方便。这种文化差异的根源来自于人类社会的一个基本问题：个人角色遇上集体角色。

11.

人们很不理解为什么他一份工作干了30年，大多数人到了他这个年纪至少已经换了四五份工作了。也许对他来说，为了获得更高的薪水或是寻求体验新事物的刺激而换工作毫无意义。在他看来，唯一重要的事是稳定。(stick with; point; thrill)

People are quite puzzled about the fact that he has stuck with the same job for 30 years when most people of his age have changed at least four or five jobs. Maybe for him there is no point in changing jobs for a higher pay or for the thrill of experiencing something new. The only thing that matters, in his point of view, is stability. 12.

协会中的大多数会员认为应该竭力游说政府，确保这项计划获得批准。至关重要的是要把决策者中的一些反对者争取过来。虽然这会很难，但是他们下定决心要作最大的努力。 (lobby; win over; adj. though it be; utmost)

Most members of the association believe that they need to lobby as hard as possible to make sure that the plan will be approved by the government. It’s essential to win over some of the naysayers among the policy makers. Tough though it will be, they have made up their mind to make utmost efforts.

第二篇：Translation—Essay summary

Translation & Essay summary

Unit 1

Part X

1. My thanks go to those who still stuck by me when I fell upon dark days.

2. Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car.

3. The police said that their suspicions were aroused because the girl had other marks on her body.

4. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school.

5. Hard as the road for these students after school will be, their prospects are bright.

6. In order to have enough money to run the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss.

7. He is fully justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising

his department.

8. These ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully to attract foreigners.

Part XI

C B A B A B C A B C D D C C A

A A A B C

Unit 2

Part Ⅹ, p. 42

1. Most people with low iron reserves don’t know they have an iron deficiency.

2. It is not sufficient only to check levels of the blood protein that transports oxygen.

3. Men are not safe, especially those who eat little meat and have a high level of physical activity.

4. It’s advisable for people in these groups to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.

5. Iron supplements may produce a feeling

of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases.

6.The best sources of iron are meat, chicken, fish, dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables.

7. The reason why people sometimes take iron supplements is that the supplements supplement the small amount that naturally occurs in grains.

8. Cook tomato sauce in an iron pot for three hours, and its iron content increases strikingly.

Part XII

B A D A B A B A A A B C B A A B D B

B D

Unit 3

Part Ⅹ, p. 73

1. Our school operates on the principle that moral values and academic achievements are equally important.

2. The new teaching program was suspended last term because the teachers in the department protested its demands and the strain associated with more intense work.

3. We see ourselves as preparing our students for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all of them.

4. The basis of the Character First idea is that every human being has a unique potential that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth.

5. We were warned by the teacher in the first lesson that students got a grade not only for academic achievement but also for attendance and best effort.

6. Once parents agree in writing to accept and demonstrate the school’s philosophies and outlook, the students can gain admission.

7. In the Hyde School greater attention is

paid to the establishment of a fruitful relationship with each student while in the traditional high school setting the focus is on the teacher and the material.

8. The school stresses the idea that it is worthwhile for parents to participate in school activities together with their children.

Part XI

C B D D B C B B A B D C B A D B B A

D D

Unit 4

Part X, p. 103

1. His parents did not approve of his plan to go and study abroad with a girl they had never met, but he went ahead and got to New York with her.

2. It is said that the painter used his aunt as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength.

3. The real Ken did not like the three-dimensional Barbie dolls, which were described as having the appearance of “a woman who sold sex”.

4. The novelist instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of Good-bye, My Dear, a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on his older brother’s farm.

5. After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, and soon became American’s most popular symbol.

6. The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse, their models being respectively the painter’s dentist and sister.

7. In order to have the buffalo on the other side of the nickel, he went to the Central Park Zoo to sketch an aging buffalo which was later killed for a wall decoration.

8. One story says that “US” was short for “Uncle Sam” whose real name was Sam

Wilson who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the government to provide meat to the US Army.

Part XI

B A D D A C B C A D B D C B A A B

C A D

Unit 5

Part X, p. 134

1. Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wonder briefly if she is still alive.

2. In the final phase of his journey, the traveler in the desert depended on chewing tree leaves to ease his thirst.

3. These soldiers have received very strict training and been well equipped to fulfill the new task.

4. I clean her body carefully, trying to avoid hurting her, as she is only skin and bones.

5. Time seems to stand still. Mrs. Clark and

I both become aware that she is dying, leaving this world.

6. When decorating the room, you should see to it that the carpets match the curtains.

7. It seemed that the little boy could read my mind, and he quietly gave me some newspapers of that day.

8. Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.

Part XI

D A C B A C D B B D A D C D A B C

D A C

Unit 6

Part X, p. 161

1． The world has learned something concerning earthquake prediction from the Chinese, who have noted that before an earthquake, some animals would change their normal behavior.

2． As most of the people who die in earthquakes are killed by falling buildings, building structures must be improved so that they can withstand the power of earthquakes.

3． Besides working to improve building structures, people in areas where earthquakes are common should also prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake in several other aspects.

4． Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot interpret a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.

5． It is sensible for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and all the family members should know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake.

6． As the few remaining working telephone lines will be very busy, all of the family members should call to check in with

a friend or relative who lives far away from the earthquake-stricken area.

7． People who live in the areas where earthquakes are a common occurrence should build houses that are resistant to ground movement.

8． A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.

Part XI

B A B D B B A D A D B D A B B A B

C A C