Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan温夫人的扇子 (1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要性(1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安?格雷的画像 (1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."
Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian古物研究者,收集古物者（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).
In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for
Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met a few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.
Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No
Importance一个无足轻重的女人 (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying"谎言的衰朽(1889) and "The Critic as Artist"作为艺术家的批评家(1890).
Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic
monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.
After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣 of Reading Gaol 监狱"累丁狱之歌, revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."
Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane
Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).
In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he
published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met an few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.
Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No Importance (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying" (1889) and "The Critic as Artist" (1890).
Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.
After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣 of Reading Gao监狱l", revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.
第二篇：奥斯卡王尔德的英文介绍和感想
The Happy Prince ---- Oscar Wilde In order to write this repot, I found some information of the artists in the text book. I thought that you told us don’t choose the artist we already know very well, so I considered maybe I can choose an artist I am not familiar with and I am interested in at the same time. So, I found an artist I thought I don’t know him but I actually read his fairy tale when I was a little girl, and when today I search his material, I notice a sayings of him,”Have a happy life, is a best revenge. ” He is Oscar Wilde.
When I was a child, I read many book, like every child, I love fairy tale, including The Happy Prince. I love this prince, he has a noble heart. He had a perfect appearance which every people admired, but he watched people suffering sick and poor every day. So he was very sad. One day, a swallow came and want to stay a night in his body, but it found the prince was cried, and then the swallow promised the prince that it will help him to help people, it picked out the great ruby from the Prince's sword, and flew away with it in his beak over the roofs of the town. Again and again, the prince became an ugly statue; the swallow also wasn’t going to Egypt with its family. Finally, the prince was pulled down, and the kind and faithful swallow dead on his foot. The prince’s heart and the dead swallow’s body were brought to the heaven by angle, they
will accompany god forever.
I ever cried for the prince’s d fate, he is so kind and so warm-hearted; he want people have not to suffer hungry and poor. And the poor swallow; it could fly to Egypt and have fun with his relatives and friends. But I finally understand them, Prince love people, people have happy life, then he could be happy; the swallow is the prince’s friend and love him very much, it was willing to help him and accompany him forever, its friend. Now I grew up, I went through many things, I am 21 years old. Today I back to read this story, I felt sad. When I was young, I thought help others are a thing we should do, and I thought friend should be faithful. But these years, too many experience told me this world is not like a fairy tale, people is not always good. So I admire the prince has a pure and virtuous heart, and a friend won’t lose forever. I want to become a nice person just like him.
Read this story again made me know Oscar Wilde again. As a youngster, Oscar Wilde was born in a brilliant family. His father is a doctor, and his mother is a poet and a write. He stood out among the Victorian dramatists especially.
After being educated in Trinity College, Dublin, he attended Magdalene College, Oxford, where he won the new iGATE Prize for English Verse; he took a First Class degree in Classics in spite of a
reputation for idleness. At Oxford, Oscar Wilde was affect by
aesthetic innovators such as English writers Walter Pater and John Ruskin.
In 1881, Oscar Wilde published first book，a collection of poems. A year later, Wilde went to New York on a successful lecture tour, where his first plays, Vera. The Nihilists (1882) and The Duchess of Padua (1891), a blank verse tragedy, were produced yet without much success. After returning to England he settled in
London and married a wealthy Irish woman, Constance Mary Lloyd, with whom he had two sons. Thereafter he devoted himself only to writing. Oscar Wilde published two collections of fairy tales The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888), and A House of
Pomegranates (1892), a group of short stories Lord Arthur Seville’s Crime (1891), and a melodramatic tale, his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). He ultimately achieved fame with a succession of comedies, beginning with Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892), produced at the St James’s Theatre by George Alexander, and following up with A Woman of No Importance(1893) and An Ideal Husband (1895), both seen at the Haymarket Theatre. His most characteristic play, The Importance of Being Earnest (also 1895) was seen at the St James’s, which proved the most successful. Few
comedies of the English stage had such wit, elegance, and theatrical dexterity.
Oscar Wilde’s last play, the poetic one-act Salome, written in French, was banned by the censor in England and was first seen privately in London in 1905. Wilde also left an unfinished one-act play, A Florentine Tragedy which was later completed by Surge Moore and produced in London in 1906.
In 1895, London witnessed Oscar Wilde’s tragic downfall at the peak of his career. Wilde became a central figure in one of the most sensational court trials of London. He was accused of homosexuality by the Marquis of Queensbury, father of Wilde’s close friend, Lord Alfred Douglas. Wilde was convicted of
homosexual offenses and sentenced to two years of hard labor in prison. At the time as a prisoner, he composed De Prefunds (From the Depths, 1905), and a poem T- (1898). Financially bankrupt, ruined in health and spiritually downcast, Wilde left prison in 1897 and spent the rest of his life in Paris, using a pseudonym Sebastian Mammoth. Later on, Wilde died in Paris on November 30, 1900.
Wilde was well-known as an Irish-born playwright, novelist, essayist and poet. He is a great writer, and he left a lot of valuable spiritual wealth for people. He was brave in struggle for his
happiness, and he dared to be not like most people. He’s just like a
happy prince, left happiness for people. He ever said, “I don’t want to earn my living; I want to live.” “To love one self is the beginning of a lifelong romance.” I like this happy prince. I love his bravery, his brilliance, and his optimistic attitude of life.