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用mvc方式实现的贪吃蛇游戏，共有4个类。运行greedsnake运行即可。主要是观察者模式的使用， 已经添加了很多注释了。
1、
/*
* 程序名称：贪食蛇
* 原作者：bigf
* 修改者：algo
* 说明： 以前也用c写过这个程序，现在看到bigf用java写的这个，发现虽然作者自称是java的初学者，
* 但是明显编写程序的素养不错，程序结构写得很清晰，有些细微得地方也写得很简洁，一时兴起之
* 下， 认真解读了这个程序，发现数据和表现分开得很好，而 近日正在学习mvc设计模式，
* 因此尝试把程序得结构改了一下，用mvc模式来实现，对源程序得改动不多。
* 同时也为程序增加了一些自己理解得注释，希望对大家阅读有帮助。
*/
package mvctest;
/**
* @author wangyu
* @version 1.0
* description:
* </pre>
* create on :date :20##-6-13 time:15:57:16
* lastmodified:
* history:
*/
public class greedsnake {
public static void main(string[] args) {
snakemodel model = new snakemodel(20,30);
snakecontrol control = new snakecontrol(model);
snakeview view = new snakeview(model,control);
//添加一个观察者，让view成为model的观察者
model.addobserver(view);
(new thread(model)).start();
}
}
-------------------------------------------------------------
2、
package mvctest;
//snakecontrol.java
import java.awt.event.keyevent;
import java.awt.event.keylistener;
/**
* mvc中的controler，负责接收用户的操作，并把用户操作通知model
*/
public class snakecontrol implements keylistener{
snakemodel model;
public snakecontrol(snakemodel model){
this.model = model;
}
public void keypressed(keyevent e) {
int keycode = e.getkeycode();
if (model.running){ // 运行状态下，处理的按键
switch (keycode) {
case keyevent.vk_up:
model.changedirection(snakemodel.up);
break;
case keyevent.vk_down:
model.changedirection(snakemodel.down);
break;
case keyevent.vk_left:
model.changedirection(snakemodel.left);
break;
case keyevent.vk_right:
model.changedirection(snakemodel.right);
break;
case keyevent.vk_add:
case keyevent.vk_page_up:
model.speedup();
break;
case keyevent.vk_subtract:
case keyevent.vk_page_down:
model.speeddown();
break;
case keyevent.vk_space:
case keyevent.vk_p:
model.changepausestate();
break;
default:
}
}
// 任何情况下处理的按键，按键导致重新启动游戏
if (keycode == keyevent.vk_r ||
keycode == keyevent.vk_s ||
keycode == keyevent.vk_enter) {
model.reset();
}
}
public void keyreleased(keyevent e) {
}
public void keytyped(keyevent e) {
}
}
-------------------------------------------------------------
3、
/*
*
*/
package mvctest;
/**
* 游戏的model类，负责所有游戏相关数据及运行
* @author wangyu
* @version 1.0
* description:
* </pre>
* create on :date :20##-6-13 time:15:58:33
* lastmodified:
* history:
*/
//snakemodel.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.arrays;
import java.util.linkedlist;
import java.util.observable;
import java.util.random;
/**
* 游戏的model类，负责所有游戏相关数据及运行
*/
class snakemodel extends observable implements runnable {
boolean[][] matrix; // 指示位置上有没蛇体或食物
linkedlist nodearray = new linkedlist(); // 蛇体
node food;
int maxx;
int maxy;
int direction = 2; // 蛇运行的方向
boolean running = false; // 运行状态
int timeinterval = 200; // 时间间隔，毫秒
double speedchangerate = 0.75; // 每次得速度变化率
boolean paused = false; // 暂停标志
int score = 0; // 得分
int countmove = 0; // 吃到食物前移动的次数
// up and down should be even
// right and left should be odd
public static final int up = 2;
public static final int down = 4;
public static final int left = 1;
public static final int right = 3;
public snakemodel( int maxx, int maxy) {
this.maxx = maxx;
this.maxy = maxy;
reset();
}
public void reset(){
direction = snakemodel.up; // 蛇运行的方向
timeinterval = 200; // 时间间隔，毫秒
paused = false; // 暂停标志
score = 0; // 得分
countmove = 0; // 吃到食物前移动的次数
// initial matirx, 全部清0
matrix = new boolean[maxx][];
for (int i = 0; i < maxx; ++i) {
matrix[i] = new boolean[maxy];
arrays.fill(matrix[i], false);
}
// initial the snake
// 初始化蛇体，如果横向位置超过20个，长度为10，否则为横向位置的一半
int initarraylength = maxx > 20 ? 10 : maxx / 2;
nodearray.clear();
for (int i = 0; i < initarraylength; ++i) {
int x = maxx / 2 + i;//maxx被初始化为20
int y = maxy / 2; //maxy被初始化为30
//nodearray[x,y]: [10,15]-[11,15]-[12，15]~~[20,15]
//默认的运行方向向上，所以游戏一开始nodearray就变为：
// [10，14]-[10，15]-[11，15]-[12，15]~~[19，15]
nodearray.addlast(new node(x, y));
matrix[x][y] = true;
}
// 创建食物
food = createfood();
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true;
}
public void changedirection(int newdirection) {
// 改变的方向不能与原来方向同向或反向
if (direction % 2 != newdirection % 2) {
direction = newdirection;
}
}
/**
* 运行一次
* @return
*/
public boolean moveon() {
node n = (node) nodearray.getfirst();
int x = n.x;
int y = n.y;
// 根据方向增减坐标值
switch (direction) {
case up:
y--;
break;
case down:
y++;
break;
case left:
x--;
break;
case right:
x++;
break;
}
// 如果新坐标落在有效范围内，则进行处理
if ((0 <= x && x < maxx) && (0 <= y && y < maxy)) {
if (matrix[x][y]) { // 如果新坐标的点上有东西（蛇体或者食物）
if (x == food.x && y == food.y) { // 吃到食物，成功
nodearray.addfirst(food); // 从蛇头赠长
// 分数规则，与移动改变方向的次数和速度两个元素有关
int scoreget = (10000 - 200 * countmove) / timeinterval;
score += scoreget > 0 ? scoreget : 10;
countmove = 0;
food = createfood(); // 创建新的食物
matrix[food.x][food.y] = true; // 设置食物所在位置
return true;
} else // 吃到蛇体自身，失败
return false;
} else { // 如果新坐标的点上没有东西（蛇体），移动蛇体
nodearray.addfirst(new node(x, y));
matrix[x][y] = true;
n = (node) nodearray.removelast();
matrix[n.x][n.y] = false;
countmove++;
return true;
}
}
return false; // 触到边线，失败
}
public void run() {
running = true;
while (running) {
try {
thread.sleep(timeinterval);
} catch (exception e) {
break;
}
if (!paused) {
if (moveon()) {
setchanged(); // model通知view数据已经更新
notifyobservers();
} else {
joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null,
"you failed",
"game over",
joptionpane.information_message);
break;
}
}
}
running = false;
}
private node createfood() {
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
// 随机获取一个有效区域内的与蛇体和食物不重叠的位置
do {
random r = new random();
x = r.nextint(maxx);
y = r.nextint(maxy);
} while (matrix[x][y]);
return new node(x, y);
}
public void speedup() {
timeinterval *= speedchangerate;
}
public void speeddown() {
timeinterval /= speedchangerate;
}
public void changepausestate() {
paused = !paused;
}
public string tostring() {
string result = "";
for (int i = 0; i < nodearray.size(); ++i) {
node n = (node) nodearray.get(i);
result += "[" + n.x + "," + n.y + "]";
}
return result;
}
}
class node {
int x;
int y;
node(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
------------------------------------------------------------
4、
package mvctest;
//snakeview.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.iterator;
import java.util.linkedlist;
import java.util.observable;
import java.util.observer;
/**
* mvc模式中得viewer，只负责对数据的显示,而不用理会游戏的控制逻辑
*/
public class snakeview implements observer {
snakecontrol control = null;
snakemodel model = null;
jframe mainframe;
canvas paintcanvas;
jlabel labelscore;
public static final int canvaswidth = 200;
public static final int canvasheight = 300;
public static final int nodewidth = 10;
public static final int nodeheight = 10;
public snakeview(snakemodel model, snakecontrol control) {
this.model = model;
this.control = control;
mainframe = new jframe("greedsnake");
container cp = mainframe.getcontentpane();
// 创建顶部的分数显示
labelscore = new jlabel("score:");
cp.add(labelscore, borderlayout.north);
// 创建中间的游戏显示区域
paintcanvas = new canvas();
paintcanvas.setsize(canvaswidth + 1, canvasheight + 1);
paintcanvas.addkeylistener(control);
cp.add(paintcanvas, borderlayout.center);
// 创建底下的帮助栏
jpanel panelbuttom = new jpanel();
panelbuttom.setlayout(new borderlayout());
jlabel labelhelp;
labelhelp = new jlabel("pageup, pagedown for speed;", jlabel.center);
panelbuttom.add(labelhelp, borderlayout.north);
labelhelp = new jlabel("enter or r or s for start;", jlabel.center);
panelbuttom.add(labelhelp, borderlayout.center);
labelhelp = new jlabel("space or p for pause", jlabel.center);
panelbuttom.add(labelhelp, borderlayout.south);
cp.add(panelbuttom, borderlayout.south);
mainframe.addkeylistener(control);
mainframe.pack();
mainframe.setresizable(false);
mainframe.setdefaultcloseoperation(jframe.exit_on_close);
mainframe.setvisible(true);
}
void repaint() {
graphics g = paintcanvas.getgraphics();
//draw background
g.setcolor(color.white);
g.fillrect(0, 0, canvaswidth, canvasheight);
// draw the snake
g.setcolor(color.black);
linkedlist na = model.nodearray;
iterator it = na.iterator();
while (it.hasnext()) {
node n = (node) it.next();
drawnode(g, n);
}
// draw the food
g.setcolor(color.red);
node n = model.food;
drawnode(g, n);
updatescore();
}
private void drawnode(graphics g, node n) {
g.fillrect(n.x * nodewidth,
n.y * nodeheight,
nodewidth - 1,
nodeheight - 1);
}
public void updatescore() {
string s = "score: " + model.score;
labelscore.settext(s);
}
public void update(observable o, object arg) {
repaint();
}
}
