黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
专业综合设计说明书······································································································错误!未定义书签。 摘 要 ·································································································································································· 1
第一章 子系统的工艺流程概述 ······················································································································ 2
第二章 硬件设计 ··············································································································································· 3
2.1 控制系统的原理(附加电气原理图) ··························································································· 3
2.2 设备分类及其选型 ···························································································································· 3
2.3 设备接线图(附加接线图) ············································································································ 3
2.4 小结 ····················································································································································· 3
第三章 软件设计 ··············································································································································· 4
3.1 PLC程序的设计(附加程序流程图) ·························································································· 4
3.2 PLC程序的调试 ································································································································ 4
3.3 上位机组态控制系统的设计(附加程序流程图) ······································································ 4
3.4 上位机系统的调试 ···························································································································· 4
3.5 小结 ····················································································································································· 4
第四章 心得体会 ··············································································································································· 5
4.1 结论 ····················································································································································· 5
4.2 结束语 ················································································································································· 5 附录1 ··································································································································································· 6
- I -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
摘 要
仓储是现代物流的两大支柱之一,而货架储存系统的最高阶段就是自动化立体仓库。随着物流业的发展,自动化立体仓库的推广势在必行。随着经济全球化步骤的加快,物流供应链中蕴藏巨大潜力越来越 人们的注意。而物流中心则是物流供应链中重要的枢纽之一。它是接受并处理下游用户的订货信息,对上有供应方的大批量货物进行集中存储、加工等作业,并向下游进行批量转运的设施和机构。作为物流中心的重要组成部分,自动化立体仓库(Automatic Storage & Retrieval System)直接影响到企业领导者制定的战略和计划、指挥和调整企业的行为。
自动化立体仓储,是物流仓储中出现的新概念,利用立体仓库设备可实现仓库高层合理化,存取自动化,操作简便化。自动化立体仓库,是当前技术水平较高的形式。自动化立体仓库的主体由货架,巷道式堆垛起重机、入(出)库工作台和自动运进(出)及操作控制系统组成。货架是钢结构或钢筋混凝土结构的建筑物或结构体,货架内是标准尺寸的货位空间,巷道堆垛起重机穿行于货架之间的巷道中,完成存、取货的工作。它具有节约用地、减轻劳动强度、消除差错、提高仓储自动化水平及管理水平、提高管理和操作人员素质、降低储运损耗、有效地减少流动资金的积压、提高物流效率等诸多优点。
自动化立体仓储一般是指采用几层、十几层乃至几十层高的货架储存单元货物,用相应的物料搬运设备进行货物入库和出库作业的仓库。由于这类仓库能充分利用空间储存货物,故常形象地将其称为“立体仓库”。
相比与其他的仓库,自动立体仓库具有提高空间利用率,便于形成先进的物流系统,提高企业生产管理水平的优势,因此在国内很有发展潜力。
关键词:物流业 自动化立体仓库 新概念
- 1 -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
第一章 子系统的工艺流程概述
- 2 -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
第二章 硬件设计
2.1 控制系统的原理(附加电气原理图)
2.2 设备分类及其选型
2.3 设备接线图(附加接线图)
2.4 小结
- 3 -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
第三章 软件设计
3.1 PLC程序的设计(附加程序流程图)
3.2 PLC程序的调试
3.3 上位机组态控制系统的设计(附加程序流程图)
3.4 上位机系统的调试
3.5 小结
- 4 -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
第四章 心得体会
4.1 结论
三周的课程设计结束了,在这次的课程设计中不仅检验了我所学习的知识,也培养了我如何去把握一件事情,如何去做一件事情,又如何完成一件事情。在设计过程中,与同学分工设计,和同学们相互探讨,相互学习,相互监督。学会了合作,学会了运筹帷幄,学会了宽容,学会了理解,也学会了做人与处世。
课程设计是我们专业课程知识综合应用的实践训练,着是我们迈向社会,从事职业工作前一个必不少的过程.”千里之行始于足下”,通过这次课程设计,我深深体会到这句千古名言的真正含义.我今天认真的进行课程设计,学会脚踏实地迈开这一步,就是为明天能稳健地在社会大潮中奔跑打下坚实的基础。
通过这次自动化立体仓库设计,本人在多方面都有所提高。通过这次自动化立体仓库设计,综合运用本专业所学课程的理论和生产实际知识进行立体仓库的优化设计工作的实际训练从而培养和提高学生独立工作能力,巩固与扩充了堆垛机性能参数的选取等课程所学的内容,掌握了自动化立体仓库设计的方法和步骤,掌握了立体仓库年吞吐量的实际意义,知道了怎样根据库容量确定货架及货格的基本尺寸,怎样确定设计方案,了解了立体仓库的基本结构,提高了计算能力,绘图能力,熟悉了规范和标准,同时各科相关的课程都有了全面的复习,独立思考的能力也有了提高。在这次设计过程中,体现出自己单独设计立体仓库的能力以及综合运用知识的能力,体会了学以致用、突出自己劳动成果的喜悦心情,从中发现自己平时学习的不足和薄弱环节,从而加以弥补。
4.2 结束语
在此感谢我们的张老师,老师严谨细致、一丝不苟的作风一直是我工作、学习中的榜样;老师循循善诱的教导和不拘一格的思路给予我无尽的启迪;这次立体仓库设计的每个实验细节和每个数据,都离不开老师的细心指导。同时感谢对我帮助过的同学们,谢谢你们对我的帮助和支持,让我感受到同学的友谊。
由于本人的设计能力有限,在设计过程中难免出现错误,恳请老师们多多指教,我十分乐意接受你们的批评与指正,本人将万分感谢。
- 5 -
黄山学院机电工程学院 自动化专业综合设计任务书
附录1
- 6 -
第二篇:监控组态课程设计报告(立体仓库)
科信学院
课程设计说明书 (20014/2015学年第一学期)
课程名称 : 监控组态课程设计 题 目 : 立体仓储单元控制组态 专业班级 :
学生姓名 :
学 号:
指导教师 : 李兵 郭佳等 设计周数 :
设计成绩 :
2014 年 12月 31日
目 录
一、课程设计目的…………………………………………………………第2页
二、设计要求…………………………………………………………第2页
2.1系统简介………………………………………………………第2页
2.2立体存储单元动作过程………………………………………第2页
2.3 设计要求…………………………………………………第3页
三、方案设计………………………………………………………第3页
3.1方案分析……………………………………………………………第 3 页
3.2 上位机监控界面………………………………………………………第3页
四、程序清单………………………………………………………………第5页
五、课程设计总结或结论………………………………………………第11页
六、参考文献……………………………………………………………第11页
- 1 -
一、课程设计目的
1. 熟悉监控组态软件图形开发环境和运用环境的使用;依据仿真驱动程序创建组态实时数据库、建立实时趋势,掌握复杂对象的组态和脚本语言的运用方法.;设计此工程系统;掌握组态软件在工程上的使用方法;最终能够实现上位机与下位机的连接。
2.掌握采用远程I/O通信网络系统实现立体存储单元的控制,熟悉其PLC编程及调试方法。
二、设计要求
2.1系统简介:
自动化立体仓库(AS/RS)是由立体货架、有轨巷道堆垛机、出入库托盘输送机系统、尺寸检测条码阅读系统、通讯系统、自动控制系统、计算机监控系统、计算机管理系统以及其他如电线电缆桥架配电柜、托盘、调节平台、钢结构平台等辅助设备组成的复杂的自动化系统。
下图1是这次设计的试验模拟设备。
- 2 -
图1立体仓储模型
2.2立体存储单元动作过程:
系统接到指令后,由起始位置开始运送货物到指定的仓位,并自动返回初始位置。等待下一指令到来。在一个指令周期内系统不接受除了复位指令外的所有运行指令。当系统在任何时候接到复位指令后立即返回初始位置,复位其间不响应其他指令。
2.3设计要求:
能够实现自动控制,通过复位按钮实现随时回到初始位置;叉车作X,Y,Z三维的运动时要准确平稳;用组态软件实现上位机的控制及其相关监控界面。
三、方案设计
3.1方案分析:
系统采用六个按键来给出不同仓位的指令,当对应仓位中有货物时,不响应,并给出提示(红色背景)。在正常运行时,运行指示灯闪烁。给出复位指令时,复位指示灯闪烁。
3.2 上位机监控界面如下图2(初始状态):
- 3 -
四、程序清单
进入程序:
x_move = 0;
y_move = 0;
z_move = 0;
time = 0;
cangwei = 0;
flag_run =0;
//***********仓位状态标志********//
flag_m = 0;//叉车物快标志
flag_0 = 1;
flag_1 = 0;
flag_2 = 0;
flag_3 = 0;
flag_4 = 0;
flag_5 = 0;
flag_6 = 0;
程序运行周期执行:
switch (cangwei)
case 1: ///******************一号仓库******************///
flag_run = 1;
if(flag_1 == 0 && x_move < 900)
then x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if( flag_1 == 0 && x_move == 900 && time < 300) - 4 -
then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then if ( flag_1 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if ( flag_1 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_1 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; endif z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_1 = 1; time = 0; endif
case 2: ///***************2号仓库**********/////
flag_run = 1; if(flag_2 == 0 && x_move < 1800) then x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if( flag_2 == 0 && x_move == 1800 && time < 300) then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_2 = 1;
- 5 -
time = 0; endif if ( flag_2 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if (flag_2 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_2 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; endif
case 3: ///***********3号仓库*******//// flag_run = 1;
if(flag_3 == 0 && x_move < 900) then
x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if ( flag_3 == 0 && x_move == 900 && y_move < 950 ) then y_move = y_move + 10; endif if( flag_3 == 0 && x_move == 900 && y_move == 950 && time < 300) then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_3 = 1; time = 0;
- 6 -
endif if ( flag_3 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if ( flag_3 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_3 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; endif
case 4: ///**************4号仓库***********//// flag_run = 1;
if(flag_4 == 0 && x_move < 1800) then x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if ( flag_4 == 0 && x_move == 1800 && y_move < 950 ) then y_move = y_move + 10; endif if( flag_4 == 0 && x_move == 1800 && y_move == 950 && time < 300) then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_4= 1; time = 0; endif
- 7 -
if ( flag_4 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if ( flag_4 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_4 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; endif
case 5: //**********5号仓库********/// flag_run = 1;
if(flag_5 == 0 && x_move < 900) then x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if ( flag_5 == 0 && x_move == 900 && y_move < 1900 ) then y_move = y_move + 10; endif if( flag_5 == 0 && x_move == 900 && y_move == 1900 && time < 300) then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_5 = 1; time = 0; endif if ( flag_5 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) - 8 -
then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if ( flag_5 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_5 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; endif
case 6: ////**************6号仓库**********///// flag_run = 1;
if(flag_6 == 0 && x_move < 1800)
then flag_run = 1; x_move = x_move + 10; flag_0 = 0; flag_m = 1; endif if ( flag_6 == 0 && x_move == 1800 && y_move < 1900 ) then y_move = y_move + 10; endif if( flag_6 == 0 && x_move == 1800 && y_move == 1900 && time < 300) then z_move = 1;time = time + 10; endif if(time == 300) then z_move = 0; flag_m = 0; flag_6 = 1; time = 0; endif if ( flag_6 == 1 && y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; - 9 -
endif if ( flag_6 == 1 && y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && flag_6 == 1 && x_move == 0) then flag_0 = 1; time = 0; flag_run = 0; flag_run = 0; endif
endswitch
if( reset == 1 ) //----------------复位-------------------// then
cangwei = 0; flag_run = 0; if (z_move == 1) then z_move = 0; endif if ( y_move > 0 ) then y_move = y_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && x_move > 0) then x_move = x_move - 10; endif if (y_move == 0 && x_move == 0) then x_move = 0; y_move = 0; z_move = 0; time = 0; reset = 0; endif
endif
仓位左键动作:
按下鼠标:
if(flag_run == 0 && reset == 0)
then
- 10 -
cangwei = x;(x为各仓位号,此段程序各仓位选择按键相同)
endif
复位左键动作:
按下鼠标:
reset = 1;
五.课程设计总结或结论 经过两周的课程设计,我们终于圆满完成了老师布置的任务。在这个过程中,我不但学到了许多新的知识,而且还锻炼了我的动手能力。这次课程设计的实践性很强,但其中又有理论知识作为指导。在这次课程设计中,我们用到了PLC软件和力控软件,其中我主要负责力控方面。在以前的实验课中,我们已经熟练掌握了这两个软件。但是在完成这个设计的时候,我总是被一些小的,细的问题挡住前进的步伐,让我总是为了解决一个小问题而花费很长的时间。最后通过向老师请教和组员之间的讨论才找出解决的办法。并且我在做设计的过程中发现有很多东西,我都还不知道。其实在做设计的时候,基础是一个不可缺少的知识,但是往往一些核心的高层次的东西更是重要。我很感谢学校和老师给我们安排了这次课程设计,让我真正感受到了合作的重要,许多时候都是组员的讨论,老师的指导中的一句半句启发了我,就出现了让人欣喜的结果。
通过此次设计我们的基础理论知识又得到了进一步巩固,实际动手能力又有了进一步的提高,对将来要从事的工作也更有自信。看到辛勤付出后的成果,无论过程多么复杂艰难,我们都会感到很值得,感到很欣慰。即使在老师看来我们的作品可能还不够完美,还不够理想,但我相信我们正是靠这样一点点的实践和积累失败和成功从不完美走向完美,从不理想达到理想。
最后,谢谢老师的辛勤指导!
六、参考文献
[1]曾庆波,监控组态软件及其应用技术,哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2010.3
[2]北京三维力控科技有限公司【M】.力控用户手册,2004
[3]周奇才《自动化仓库主要运行参数的优化确定》,《上海铁道大学学报》1999(12)
[4]马国华,监控组态软件及其应用,清华大学出版社,2001
- 11 -
-12-